Unit 4 Exploring poetry 讲义（上）-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版2020选择性必修第一册

M4U4ExploringpoetryI趣味导入《行路难三首·其一》李白/著金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在。长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。HardistheWayoftheWorldwrittenbyLiBai,translatedbyXuYuanchongPurewineingoldencupcoststenthousandcoins,good!Choicedishinajadeplateisworthasmuch,nicefood!Pushingasidemycupandchopsticks,Ican'teat;Drawingmyswordandlookinground,Ihearmyheartbeat.Ican'tcrossYellowRiver:icehasstoppeditsflow;Ican'tclimbMountTaihang:theskyisblindwithsnow.IpoiseafishingpolewitheaseonthegreenstreamOrsetsailforthesunlikethesageinadream.Hardistheway,Hardistheway.Don'tgoastray!Whithertoday?Atimewillcometoridethewindandcleavethewaves;I'llsetmycloudlikesailtocrosstheseawhichraves.答案：1.frozen;freeze答案：1.frozen;freeze;freezing;freezer2.detect;detection;detector;detective3.contradictory;contradict;contradiction4.interpret;interpreter;interpretation5.patience;patient;patiently6.reward;rewarding7.constantly;constant8.reality;real;really;realistic语言知识初探根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1._________adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→_________v.（使）冻结；冰冻→_________adj.冰冻的；极冷的→_________n.冰柜2.____vt.发现，查明，侦察出→____n.探测；侦查；察觉；发现→____n.探测器→____n.侦探/adj.侦探的3._________adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→_________vt.反驳；相矛盾→_________n.（事实、看法、行动等的）不一致，矛盾；反驳4._________vt.解释；理解；把……理解为，领会；演绎vi.口译→_________n.口译员→_________n.解释；理解；演绎5._________n.耐心；忍耐力→_________adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的n.病人→_________adv.耐心地6._________vt.奖励，奖赏n.奖励，回报；悬赏金→_________adj.报酬高的；有益的；值得做的7._________adv.始终，一直→_________adj.不变的；连续发生的8._________n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→_________adj.真正的；真的；真实的→_________adv.真正地，真实地→_________adj.现实的；实际的根据提示补全下列短语beyondone’sgrasp超出某人理解范围，某人无法理解puttogether组合digupclues挖掘线索longfor...渴望……struggletodosth.努力做某事，争取做某事withmuchpainstakingeffort下了很大的功夫setsth.aside把……放在一边；留出……alifelongjob一辈子的事fillupwith...充满……abandonlogicalthinking抛开逻辑思维beworthone’seffort值得某人花费力气gobeyondnormalreality超越一般现实outofplace不合适的，不恰当的；不在适当位置上↔[反]inplace在正确位置，准备妥当；准备就绪stickout=standout突出；坚持；醒目重点知识点解析知识要点1graspn.[usu.sing.]理解（力），领会；抓紧，紧握；控制；能力所及vt.领会，理解；抓紧(教材P44)Evenifitstruemeaningappearstobebeyondyourgrasp,youcanalwayssaysomethingabouthowthepoemsoundswhenyoureaditaloud.即使你也许把握不住这首诗的真正含义，但总是可以说说这首诗在朗读时听上去如何。【常见搭配】beyondone’sgrasp某人无法理解……withinone’sgrasp在某人能力范围内haveagoodgraspof...=haveagoodcommandof...精通……，熟练掌握…… graspsb.bythehand/arm抓住某人的手/手臂graspanopportunity/achance(todo...)抓住机会（做某事）如：Thesecomplexformulaearebeyondthegraspoftheaveragepupil.这些复杂的公式是一般小学生不能理解的。Successwaswithinhergrasp.她有把握获得成功。HehasagoodgraspofGermangrammar.他德语语法掌握得很好。Shefeltafirmgrasponherarm.她感到手臂被紧紧地抓住了。Theyfailedtograsptheimportanceofhiswords.他们没有理解他的话的重要性。【即时巩固】单句语法填空1.Kaygraspedhimbythewrist手腕.2.Ittookhimsometimetograspthathewasnowapublicfigure.他过了些时候才意识到自己已是个公众人物了。3.Igraspedtheopportunitytowork(work)abroad.知识要点2approachv.,n.(教材P44)Second,approachthepoemasifyouwereanexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.第二，读诗时你就像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。【用法详解】(1)vt.着手处理，对付（=dealwith）如：What'sthebestwayofapproachingthisproblem?什么是处理这个问题的最佳方式？【用法详解】(2)vt.&vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近如：Winterisapproaching.冬天就要来临。Asyouapproachthetown,you'llseethecollegeontheleft.快到市镇时就可以看见左边的学院。【用法详解】(3)n.[sing.]（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；[C]方式，方法；途径，道路常见搭配theapproachof...……的临近anapproachto(doing)sth.（做）某事的方法/途径如：theapproachofspring春天的来临Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.学校决定采取另外一种方式解决纪律问题。Alltheapproaches/waystothepalacewereguardedbytroops.通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。【归纳拓展】表示“方法，方式”的短语总结：ina(n)...manner用……的方法inthisway和withthismethod通过这种方式/方法bymeansof...借助……的手段，依靠……的方法themethodof/for(doing)sth.，thewaytodo/ofdoingsth.和theapproachto(doing)sth.（做）某事的方法【即时巩固】单句语法填空Weheardthesoundofanapproaching(approach)car.Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogathering(gather)information.Sheansweredinabusinesslikemanner.她回答时显出一副公事公办的样子。Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.重物是用起重机吊起来的。知识要点3rewardvt.奖励，奖赏，获得回报（-payoffvi.）n.[C,U]奖励，回报；[C]悬赏金 (教材P45)Thismayseemdifficultatfirst,butwhenyoufinallymakeyourgreatdiscovery,youreffortswillberewarded.一开始这可能会很难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。【用法详解】rewardsb.withsth.用……奖励某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因（做）……奖励某人rewardfor...对……的报酬/奖赏如：Youdeservearewardforbeingsohelpful.你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。A£100rewardhasbeenofferedforthereturnofthenecklace.已悬赏100英镑找寻项链。Shewasrewardedforhereffortswithacashbonus.她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewardedwithasmile.她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。Thecompressionanddensitymakethisadifficultbooktoread,butitrichlyrewards值得（付出时间或精力）theeffort.这本书内容丰富，思想深刻，很难读懂，但是非常值得一读。【归纳拓展】词性转换：rewardingadj.有益的，值得做的；报酬高的如：Nursingcanbeaveryrewardingcareer.做护士可以是非常有意义的职业。【即时巩固】单句语法填空Herewardedushandsomelyforhelpinghim.Maketheextraefforttoimpressthebuyerandyouwillberewardedwithaquickersale.Itisaveryrewarding(reward)exercisetoworkthisoutoneself.知识要点4realityn.[U]现实，实际情况；[C]事实，实际经历，见到的事物(教材P45)Poetry’scombinationof“sound”and“sense”makesyouseetheworldinanewwayandallowsyoutogobeyondnormalrealityfortheeverlastingbeauty.诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越平日的现实，追求永恒之美。【常见搭配】becomeareality变成现实inreality=infact实际上，事实上bring...backtoreality使……回到现实face/acceptreality面对/接受现实如：Willtimetraveleverbecomeareality?时光旅行真的会成为现实吗？Sherefusestofacereality.她不肯面对现实。Thisdecisionreflectstherealitiesofthepoliticalsituation.这一决定反映了政治形势的真实情况。Outwardlysheseemedconfidentbutinrealityshefeltextremelynervous.表面上看，她显得信心十足，而实际上她紧张得要命。【归纳拓展】词性转换：realadj.真的；真正的，真实的→reallyadv.事实上，真正地，真实地常见搭配Notreally.不，不是；不完全如此。（表示不太强烈的否定）→realisticadj.现实的，实事求是的，能够实现的；逼真的↔unrealisticadj.不切实际的，离谱的常见搭配berealisticabout...对……实事求是arealistictarget切实的目标 arealisticdrawing逼真的绘画【即时巩固】单句语法填空1.Wemustsetrealistic(real)goals.2.Hecameacrossasstreetwise,butinrealityhewasnot.他给人的印象是很适应都市生活，但实际上并非如此。3.Thereality(real)isthatthereisnotenoughmoneytopayforthisproject突破重点句式(教材P44)Second,approachthepoemasifyouwereanexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.第二，读诗时你就像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。【句式剖析】本句中含有asif引导的方式状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况。【考点提炼】虚拟语气在asif引导的从句中的运用asif(=asthough)意为“似乎，好像”，可引导表语从句（一般置于系动词look,seem,appear之后）和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况，从句用陈述语气；若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况，则从句用虚拟语气。(1)表示与现在的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词通常用were）。如：Shealwaystalkstomeasif/asthoughsheweremyeldersister.她总是以姐姐的口气跟我说话。（她不是我姐姐）(2)表示与过去的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”。如：HetalkedaboutRomeasif/asthoughhehadbeentherebefore.他说起罗马来就好像他以前去过那里似的。（以前没去过）(3)表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。如：Hetalksgladlyasif/asthoughhewouldbeourmonitor.他高兴地谈论着，好像要成为我们的班长似的。（他成为我们班长的可能性较小）注意asif/asthough引导从句时，用何种语气取决于说话者：如果说话者所说之事有明显的依据，那么从句就用陈述语气；如果说话者所说之事没有依据，只是想表达一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么就用虚拟语气。如：Maryspeaksinveryloudvoiceasifsheisangry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。（真的生气了）Maryspeaksinveryloudvoiceasifshewereangry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。（其实没有生气）【即时巩固】单句语法填空1.Ifeltasifmyhearthadstopped(stop).2.Herheadfeltasifitwouldburst(burst).她觉得头要爆裂了。3.Samlookedasifhedidn'thave(nothave)acareintheworld.萨姆看上去好像什么事都不操心似的。4.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasofitwere(be)broken.强化练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空Excuseme,couldyoupleaseshowmewhereIcanfindsome (freeze)dumplings?

2. (patient)combinedwithdiligenceisnecessaryforsuccess.

3.Itisvery (reward)tokeepadiaryofdailyhappenings.

4.Weshould (constant)urgeourselvestostudyhard.

5.ForNick,hisdreambecamea (real)sixmonthsago.【答案】1.frozen2.Patience3.rewarding4.constantly5.realityII.翻译句子1.事实上，发短信会让人很难确定对话背后的真正含义。

Inreality,textingcanmakeithardfor thetruemeaningbehindaconversation.

2.她补充道努力学习是有益的。（rewarding）

Sheaddsthat .

3.大人们这一次的反应是建议我把画放在一边。

Thegrown-ups'response,thistime,wastoadvise mydrawings.

4.朝着你想要的结果努力会给你一种成就感。（struggle）

youwantwillgiveyouasenseofachievement.

5.孩子们被允许在放学后看电视。

Thechildren afterschool.

6.她不打算从她经营了36年的企业中退休。（retire）

Shehadnoplans her36-year-oldbusiness

7.这样的蠕虫可以分解塑料，这并不让人惊讶。

thatsuchwormscanbreakdownplastic.

8.与之前的研究相比，这一次研究中分解的速度令人兴奋。

previousstudies，thespeedofbreakdowninthisoneisexciting.

9.我妈妈关注我们家每个人的健康。（concern）

Mymom thehealthofeveryoneinourfamily.

10.我曾经真的很害怕去海滩。

Iusedtobereally tothebeach.

11.富含纤维的食物分解缓慢，让我们感觉很饱。

Fiber-richfoodsarebrokendownslowly,which .

12.我不确定他是否在家。

heisathome.

13.他说起长城来就好像他以前去过那里似的。

HetalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhe before.【答案】1.peopletodetermine2.studyinghardisrewarding3.metosetaside4.Strugglingtowardtheresult5.areallowedtowatchTV6.toretirefrom7.Itisnotsurprising8.Comparedwith9.isconcernedabout10.afraid/scaredtogo11.makeusfeelfull12.Idoubtwhether/if13.hadbeenthereIII.完形填空Foroneyear,theDannemillerfamilygaveupbuyinganyunnecessarypurchases.Inanefforttogetbackintouchwithwhattheycalltheirfamilymission,whichincludes"growinginfaith,togetherandservingotherstocreateaworldwithout31.ParentsScottandGabbyDannemillerdecidedto32spendingmoneyonthingsliketoys,books,clothing,oranythingthatwasn'tanecessityora(n)33. Overall,thefamilysuccessfully34theplan.Thoughtheexperimenttookplacein2018,thefamily35triestolivebythelessonstheylearnedwhilecuttingoutunnecessaryspending.“Byfocusingonexperiences36purchases,wegrewtogetherinfaithasafamily.Wewereableto37others.Wewereabletogivemoreofourtimeandtreasuretopeoplewho38needit.”Scottsays.“Mydaughter'sbirthdayisnextmonth,andsheaskedifwecouldgotovisitheruncle'sfarmandrideahorse,39justaskingforahorsestuffed(填充的)animal.”hesays."Nowwelookat40andsay'willthatreallyaddvaluetoourlife,41isitsomethingwewilljustneedtofindspaceforandtakecareof?”Ifyou'retryingtoteach,yourchildrentofocus42onphysicalstuff(东西),Scottsaysit'shelpfultotweak(稍微改进)your43whenkidsaskforthings.“Weusedtosay‘that’stoo44,’butthatmadeourkidsthinkOK,weneedmoremoney,andwhenwegetmoremoney,wecanhaveit.”hesays.“We45to‘wedon’tneedthat’,andthathelpedthemunderstand.”When46spending,Scottsaysthemost47thingistofocusnotonwhatyourfamilyisgivingup,butwhatitisgaining.“It’snotaboutwhatyou’re48.”hesays,“Thequestionshouldbe,‘Whatarewegoingto49thatwith?’Then,makesureyouareaddingsomethingtoyourlifethatthepeopleinyourfamily50.Forus,thatwastimetogether.”31.A.needB.faithC.delayD.pity32.A.slowB.beginC.increaseD.stop33.A.partyB.experienceC.relationshipD.gathering34.A.appliedtoB.subscribedtoC.respondedtoD.stuckto35.A.evenB.everC.stillD.justA.insteadofB.incontrasttoC.inlinewithD.regardlessof37.A.treatB.serveC.pleaseD.satisfy38.A.presentlyB.likelyC.reallyD.possibly39.A.morethanB.orelseC.orratherD.ratherthan40.A.purchasesB.possessionsC.treasuresD.earnings41.A.soB.orC.andD.but.42.A.lessB.occasionallyC.frequentlyD.more43.A.appearanceB.atmosphereC.languageD.identity44.A.worthyB.cheapC.worthlessD.expensive45.A.admittedB.referredC.shiftedD.took46.A.cuttingoffB.cuttingdownC.cuttingupD.cuttingaway47.A.impressiveBchallengingC.importantD.encouraging48.A.lackingB.losingC.obtainingD.finding49.A.replaceB.shareC.exchangeD.compare50.A.ownB.preserveC.oweD.value【答案】31-35ADBDC36-40ABCDA41-45BACDC46-50BCBADIII.七选五Goinggreenisagreatwaytoreduceyourenvironmentalfootprintandhelptheplanet.Beinggreenisallaboutreducinghowmanyresourcesyouuse,reusingitemswhenyoucan,andrecyclingitemsthatcan'tbereused.___31___Carryareusablewaterbottlesoyouwillnotneedbottledwater.___32___Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalsousesmoreresourcesbecauseit'sshippedtothestore.Tobemoreeco-friendly,makeitahabittocarryareusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwateronthego.Plasticbottlesareusuallythelightestandmostconvenient.Usereusablebagswhileyou'reshopping.Shoppingbagsmakeiteasytocarryyouritemshome,buttheyalsopollutetheplanet.Skipthestore'sshoppingbagsandbringyourowninstead.Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.___33______34___Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,lookforwaysyoumightreuseit.Tryre-purposingitemsormakinggreencrafts.Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.Forexample,insteadofthrowingawayajar,youmightuseitasaglass,vaseorstoragecontainer.Reducetheamountoftimeyouspendusingelectronics.Whileelectronicsarereallyfunandhelpyoufeelconnectedtoyourfriends,theyalsouseupalotofenergy.Schedulebreaksfromyou