2025~2026学年广东广州市越秀区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年广东广州市越秀区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Ifyouareascienceorhistoryenthusiastlookingforauniqueadventure,theseexpert-ledtoursareperfectforyou.DinosaurHuntingintheGobiDesert,MongoliaThevastGobiDesert,oneoftheworld’stopfossilresearchhotspots,holdscountlessprehistoricsecrets.Onthisone-of-a-kindexpedition,youwilltakepartinfossildiggingatkeysites,withtherarechancetowitnessagroundbreakingdiscovery.ThetourisledbyexpertSusannahMaidment,withprofessionalsupportfromtheMongolianFossilResearchInstitute.MachuPicchu&theScienceoftheInca,PeruMachuPicchuisjustthebeginning.Onthistour,youwillvisittheiconicsitetwiceandexplorethelesser-knownruinsofWaqrapukarafreely.Throughlecturesandwalkingseminarswithwell-knownIncaexpertDrJacquesDecoster,youwilluncoverthescienceandculturebehindtheancientcivilization.SURF&theBlackHills:DarkMatterTour,USHeadtotheSanfordUndergroundResearchFacility(SURF),atoplab2kilometresbeneathSouthDakota’sBlackHills.Watchscientistsstudyneutrinos,darkmatterandnuclearfusion(核聚变)upclose.Expertswillturncomplexgeologyandbiologyintoengagingstoriesforyou.TourDetails

TourNameDatePrice(per-person)DiscountInformationDinosaurHuntingintheGobiDesert27Aug—8Sep,2026£420Book4monthsinadvance:10%offMachuPicchu&theScienceoftheInca13—21Aug,2026£390Groupbooking(≥4people):8%offSURF&theBlackHills:DarkMatterTour21—27Aug,2026£360Earlybird(book4monthsinadvance):5%offImportantNotesAllpricesincludeaccommodation,mealsandguidedactivities,butexcludeinternationalflights.Bookingsmustbemade3monthsinadvance,anda20%depositisrequiredtoconfirmyourspot.Participantsmustbeingoodphysicalhealth,especiallyfortheGobiandPerutourswhichinvolvehiking.1.WhatdistinguishestheGobiDeserttourfromtheothers?

A．Exploringancientruinswithaleadingexpert.B．Carryingoutresearchinanundergroundfacility.C．Studyinggeologicalfeaturesofdesertlandscapes.D．Uncoveringprehistoricremainsatactualdigsites.2.WhatdotheGobiandPerutourshaveincommon?

A．Theybothfeaturelecturesbyexperts.B．Theybothlastformorethantendays.C．Theybothrequiregoodphysicalhealth.D．Theybothofferdiscountsforgroupbooking.3.HowmuchwillacouplepayfortheDarkMatterTourwithearlybooking?

A．About£342.B．About£360.C．About£684.D．About£720.Atagefour,Ifoundagardenhiddenunderneaththekitchenfloor,behindpiecesofcarpet.Myeyesbecamegluedtotherosesbloomingacrossmychildhoodlandscape,fillingmewithjoyandadventure.Mypassionandconnectiontogardensstartedatthatmoment.Whenspringarrived,Irushedoutdoors,throwingmyselfonafreshcarpetofgrass.Excited,Ibouncedtomyfeetandflippedsomersaults(筋斗)beforelandingbymymother,whowasbusybreakingupthesoilinthegarden.Ithensatbesideher,playingwithmudpiesintheflowerbed.Whenherworkwasdone,sherewardedmewithaglassofbittersweetlemonade.Duringmychildhood,itseemedthattheflowersfromhergardenshealedusfromheadtotoe.Inourlastconversationbeforeherdeath,motherencouragedmetogoanywhereintheworldthatwouldmakemehappy.Sincethen,Ihaverecreatedhergardensthroughartworldwide,beautifyingcountlessparksandcourtyards.Gardeninghastaughtmethatplantingagardenisthesameascreatingourlives.Everyspring,youbreakupthesoilandstartanew.Youclearoutthedeadleavesandrootsofthewinter.Thenyouaddpropernutrientsintothesoilandkeepthetopsoillooseandfresh.Youwon’tgetthosebeautifulbloomsinlifeuntilyoufirstdotheworkjustright.Whenourgardensarebalancedwithcare,wecanharvestthebeautyoflivingalifeofgrace.Gardensarefullofmagicalwisdom.Acaterpillar’stransformationcomeswithnecessarystruggle.Withoutthispainfulfighttobreakfreefromtheconfinesofthecocoon(茧),thenewlyformedbutterflycan’tstrengthenitswings.Withoutsuchabattle,itcannevertakeflight.Thesameistrueforhumansinthegardenofhardship.Gardenscasttheirreflectionintoourlives.Sonurtureyourtalentsandstrengths,cultivateyourgardenforgiving,andplantthoseseedsforthefuture.Thegardenistheworldlivingdeepinsideofyou.4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlydescribe?

A．Mydelightinthegarden.B．Mother’scareformygrowth.C．Myreflectiononthegarden.D．Mother’sdevotiontothegarden.5.Howwastheauthorinfluencedbyhermother?

A．Sheplantedflowersforpublicparksglobally.B．Sheartisticallyreproducedhermother’sgardens.C．Shebecameaprofessionalgardenerlikehermother.D．Shetraveledworldwidetofindhermother’sgardens.6.Whydoestheauthormentionthebutterfly’sstruggle?

A．Toexplainanaturalgrowingtrend.B．Toemphasizethevalueofhardship.C．Todescribethestagesofinsectgrowth.D．Tohighlightthebeautyoftransformation.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheArtofPlantingSeedsB．GardensasMirrorstoLifeC．ThePassionforGardeningD．Mother’sGardeningWisdomAccordingtoscientificresearch,theTaklamakanDesertinnorthwesternChinahasbeenavastandbarrenwastelandformillionsofyears.Butafterdecadesofecologicalengineering,itsedgesareslowlytransforming.AstudypublishedinPNASinJanuary2026showsthatduringthewetseason(JulytoSeptember),carbondioxide(CO₂)levelsoverthedesertedgedropbyabout3ppm—aclearsignofagrowingcarbonsink.Vegetationcoverthereisincreasingatanannualrateof6.8×10⁻⁴peryear(asmallbutsteadygainingreencover),andphotosynthesis(光合作用)isrisingaswell.Importantly,thecarbonabsorptionhappensmainlyalongthedesert’sedge,wherewaterismoreavailable,notdeepinsidethesanddunes(沙丘).However,plantingtreesinsuchaharsh,dryenvironmentpresentsasignificantlong-termchallenge.“Desertprojectsneedtobesustainable,”saysatmosphericphysicistKing-FaiLioftheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,wholedthestudy.“Theyneedtobeplannedforthelongtermandcontributetoclimatechangereduction.”Healsowarnsthat“We’renotgoingtosolvetheclimatecrisisbyplantingtreesindesertsalone.”Thisisbecauseoverthepastfewdecades,humanactivityandclimatechangehavecauseddramaticgrowthofdeserts,damaginglocalagriculture.Inresponse,Chinabeganamajorshelterbeltprogramin1978,withplansextendingto2050.Theconservationeffortsaimtoincreaseforestcover,fightsandstorms,andturndesertedgesintocarbonsinks.Theseafforestationprojectsalsoreducewinderosion(风蚀)andprotectlocalfarms.LiandhisteamsuggestthatthesuccessintheTaklamakan—thoughlimitedtoitsedges—couldserveasamodelforotherextremedrylandscapesaroundtheworld.Theystressthatcarefulplanning,sufficientwaterresources,andpatienceareessential.Withtheseconditions,eventhemostbarrenlandscanplayasupportingroleintheglobaleffortagainstclimatechange.8.WhatdoesthePNASstudysuggestaboutthedesert’sedge?

A．Itscarbonabsorptionhasbeenincreasing.B．Itsvegetationcoverisexpandingalarmingly.C．Itsroleasacarbonsourcehasgrownrapidly.D．ItsCO₂levelisontheriseduringrainydays.9.WhatisKing-FaiLi’sattitudetowardplantingtreesindeserts?

A．Critical.B．Cautious.C．Opposed.D．Dismissive.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheshelterbeltprogram?

A．Itfocusesonprotectingdeepdesertareas.B．ItwasdesignedtosupportthePNASstudy.C．Itisplannedtogainbenefitsinthelongrun.D．Ithasfailedtoreducetheriskofsandstorms.11.WhatdoesLiandhisteam’sstatementfocuson?

A．Thepotentialoftheavailablemodel.B．Theimportanceofadequateresources.C．Thevalueofglobaleffortsinplanning.D．Thelimitationsofthepresentapproach.Scientistshavefoundthatwhenusingartificialintelligence(AI)tosolveproblems,peopletendedtoputtoomuchfaithinthequalityoftheanswers,withthemostexperiencedAIusersdoingsothemost.AswebecomemoreAI-literate,theresearchersexpectedparticipantstobebetteratinteractingwithAIsystemsandjudgingtheirperformance.“Instead,ourfindingsrevealasignificantinabilitytoassessone’sperformanceaccuratelywhenusingAI,”saidRobinWelsch,acomputerscientistwhoco-authoredthereport.Inthestudy,scientistsgave500subjectslogicalreasoningtaskswithhalfallowedtouseChatGPT.BothgroupswerelaterquizzedonboththeirAIliteracyandhowwelltheythoughttheyperformed.Thereasonsbehindthefindingsarevaried.BecauseAIuserswereusuallysatisfiedwiththeiranswerafteronlyoneprompt,acceptingtheanswerwithoutfurthercheckingorconfirmation,theycanbesaidtohaveengagedinwhatWelschcallscognitiveoffloading,examiningthequestionwithreducedreflectionandapproachingitinamoreshallowway.Lessengagementinourownreasoning,termedmetacognitivemonitoring,meansweskiptheusualfeedbackloopsofcriticalthinking,whichreducesourabilitytojudgeourperformanceaccurately.EvenmorerevealingwasthefactthatwealloverestimateourabilitieswhenusingAI,regardlessofintelligence,withthegapbetweenhighandlow-skillusersshrinking.TheteamwarnedofseveralconsequencesasAIbecomesmorewidespread.Firstly,metacognitiveaccuracyoverallmightsuffer.Aswerelymoreonresultswithoutrigorouslyquestioningthem,atrade-offemergeswherebyuserperformanceimprovesbutanappreciationofhowwellwedowithtasksdeclines.Withoutreflectingonresults,errorcheckingordeeperreasoning,weriskweakeningourabilitytofindreliableinformation.What’smore,wemaycontinuetooverestimateourabilitieswhileusingAI,withthemoreAI-literatedoingsoevenmore,leadingtomoremiscalculateddecision-makingandalossofskills.OnemethodthestudysuggeststoarrestsuchdeclineistohaveAIencouragefurtherquestioningfromusersthroughconfidencescoresorpromptslike“Howconfidentareyouinthisanswer?”or“Whatmightyouhavemissed?”12.HowdoskilledAIuserstypicallyactwhenusingAI?

A．TheytendtoquestionAI’sresponsesfrequently.B．TheyexcelatinteractingwithvariousAIsystems.C．TheychallengeAIanswersmorethanbeginnersdo.D．Theyfailtojudgetheirownperformanceaccurately.13.Whichofthefollowingsituationsbestillustrates“cognitiveoffloading”?

A．Reviewingnotesbeforeanexamtomemorizefacts.B．Double-checkinganswerswithaportablecalculator.C．Analyzingpatienthistorybeforemakingadiagnosis.D．FollowingGPSdirectionswithoutcheckingroadsigns.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trade-off”inparagraph5mean?

A．Gain.B．Balance.C．Loss.D．Substitute.15.Whatisthescientists’majorconcernregardingwidespreadAIuse?

A．Thegapbetweenexperiencedandlow-skillAIusersiswidening.B．AIusemayweakenusers’abilitytofindanyreliableinformation.C．Humansmaylosetheircapacityforself-evaluationandcriticalthinking.D．Short-termperformanceimprovesatthecostoflong-termmemoryskills.Ifyouthinkofpersonaltimeonlyas“notworking,”youmightbemissingoutontrulyenrichingexperiences.Whileworkrequiresdisciplineandtraining,freetimeshouldbeeasyandnatural.Wespendyearspreparingforourcareers.16Thisbeliefsuggeststhatwhileworkdemandsdiscipline,freetimeisonlyforrelaxation.17Accordingtothisfamousphilosopher,whenweunderstandandpracticeleisureproperly,wecanreachourbestselves.Hebelievedthatleisureisthefoundationofculture.Toachievethis,wemusttreatourfreetimewithjustasmuchseriousnessaswedoourcareers.Itisnotjustabout“chillingout.”18Whenworkbecomestoohard,weoftendefineleisureascompleteinactivity.Forinstance,atiredbusinessmanmightwanttositonabeachanddonothing.19Hebelievedthatleisureisnotjustabreakfromwork.Hesaidtheoppositeoftrueleisureisactuallymentallaziness.Forhim,leisuremeanshavinganopenmindandlookingattheworldwithdeepinterestandcare.Trueleisureistheworkyoudoforyourselfwithouttheeconomicpressuretoearnmoney.20Instead,itinvolvesmeaningfulanddeepexperiences.Thesecanbeenjoyinggreatart,learningnewideas,andstayingclosetonature.Bychoosingthesemeaningfulactivities,wecanuseourfreetimewellandbecomewiser,moreeffective,andhappierindividuals.

A．JosefPieperrejectedthiswayofthinking.B．However,JosefPieper,hadaverydifferentidea.C．Yetthereisnosuchthingasa“SchoolofLeisure”.D．Itisaboutdoingnothingandkillingtimeaimlessly.E．Mostpeopleholdawrongunderstandingofwhatleisureis.F．Instead,itisavaluablepartoflifethathelpsusgrowandgainwisdom.G．Itdoesnotincludemindlessactivitieslikescrollingthroughsocialmedia.二、完形填空Emily,a19-year-oldgirlfromMaryland,USA,foundoutthatherfatherhadstagefourcancer.Her21wasalittledifferentthanyoumightexpect.To22herfather,whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend,shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandCare,23booksforkidswithcancer.“Itwasverymuchan24idea,”sheexplains.“Ipostedamessageonanappaskingmyneighborsfordonationsof25books.ItjustfeltlikesomethingIcouldtry—asmallstepwhenIdidn’tknowwhatelsetodo.Iwasbarely26afewhereandthere,buttheresponsewastruly27anditwasjustthepushIneededtoco-existwithmygriefratherthanlettingit28me.”“Itwasabsolutelyheartbreakingtowatchmydad29cancerandseehimlosealittlebitofhimselfeachday,butthebookdriveallowedmetodevelopanewfoundsenseof30combinedwithanevengreatersenseofcompassiontohelpkids.They’vealwayshelda31inmyheart.”Usingtipssheearnsfromworkingatherparents’breadshop,Emilyhasalsoboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket.Inaddition,shereceives32throughYourWishlist,whichcanbefoundintheintroductiontothebookdrive’ssocialmediaaccount,@forloveandcare.Emilyandherolderbrotherspentawholesummerdrivingaroundtown,33boxesofbooksintotheircar.“Itwassuchaprivilegeknowingpeoplehavecarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations,andtheywantedto34themtomycause.”Theprojecthasseenhugesuccess,withForLoveandCaredonatingover15,000booksandbeing35byTheVolunteerServiceAwardandLadyMay’sFoundation.21.A．sorrowB．responseC．treatmentD．anticipation22.A．saveB．comfortC．cureD．honor23.A．collectingB．contributingC．purchasingD．distributing24.A．ordinaryB．innovativeC．overnightD．obvious25.A．newB．usedC．reservedD．restored26.A．showingB．postingC．expectingD．refusing27.A．overwhelmingB．discouragingC．shockingD．confusing28.A．distractB．refreshC．transformD．consume29.A．comedownwithB．gothroughC．recoverfromD．runawayfrom30.A．belongingB．satisfactionC．controlD．purpose31.A．softspotB．firmbeliefC．sweetmemoryD．quietcorner32.A．souvenirsB．commentsC．donationsD．orders33.A．throwingB．loadingC．conveyingD．tying34.A．giftB．lendC．deliverD．assign35.A．informedB．remarkedC．recognizedD．urged三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostofourplanetremainsamysterybeneaththesurface.TheoceancoversmostoftheEarth,yetonly5%ofit36(explore).Seaexplorationhelpsuslearnmoreaboutthishuge,mysteriousworldunderthewaves.OnekeytoolforseaexplorationistheROV,orRemotelyOperatedVehicle.ROVsaresmallrobots37(control)bypeopleonashipabove.Theyhavebrightlights38(see)inthedark,camerastotakephotosandvideos,andevenarmstopickupsmallobjects.Theyalsodiscovernewseacreatures,39glowingfishthatliveinthedarkdeepsea.Exploringthedeepoceanisnoteasy.Thedeeppartsareverycold,almost40(freeze),andthepressureissohighitcancrushahuman.There’snosunlight.That’s41weneedtoolslikeROVsinsteadofsendingpeopledown42(direct).EvenwithROVs,ittakesalotoftimeandmoneytoexploretheseareas.Wegainalotfromseaexploration.Ithelpsusknowhowsealifesurvivesintoughenvironmentsandunderstandocean43(current)thatinfluenceglobalclimate.Withthisknowledge,wecanpredictweather,guardcoastsagainststorms,andreducepollution44(harm)marinelife.Seaexplorationisimportantforourfuture.45theplanetchanges,theoceanplaysabigroleinkeepingourclimatestable.Everynewdiscoveryhelpsusunderstandourplanetalittlebetter.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，你曾参加上届“国际青少年职业生涯训练营”的志愿服务工作，近日获主办方邀请在本届活动的招募仪式上发言。请结合你的志愿者经历，写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括：1．感谢邀请；2．分享收获；3．呼吁参加。参考词汇：theInternationalYouthCareerCamp注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．文章的开头和结尾已经给出，请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Distinguishedguestsandfellowyoungfriends,Goodmorning!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouall.五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Foraslongashecouldremember,Leohadbeen“theboywithnovoice.”Heheardeverything—therobinstuningupatdawn,thewindcombingthroughthepinesbehindhishouse,hismotherhummingsoftandlowwhileshestirredthesoup.Butwheneverhetriedtospeak,thewordsstuckinhisthroatlikestones.Atschool,hisclassmateshadstoppedlaughingyearsago.Nowsomeofthemjustlookedawaywhenheopenedhismouth,theireyesslidingpasthimasifwaitingforhimtodisappear.Thatquiet,patientpity—itpresseddownharderthananycrueljokeeverhad.Everyevening,Leo’smothersatwithhimattheiroldkitchentable.Itssurfacewasscarredbyhomeworkandspilledmilk,buthervoicewasalwaysgentle.“Ca…t.Cat,”shewouldsoundout,slowashoney.Leowatchedherlips,studiedtheshapeofeachsound,andtried.Mostdays,onlyadefeatedbreathescaped.Butonceinawhile—arough,brokennoise,notquiteawordbutsomethingclose.Onthoserareevenings,shewouldwrapherarmsaroundhimandwhisper,“That’smyboy.Oneday,you’llspeakthewholesky.”Oned