英语中考专题复习讲义-宾语从句

中考专题复习一ObjectClause宾语从句

Parti【基本内容】

一、基本概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句就叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句,

在句中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语或形容词的宾语.

二、类型:一般位于主句动词之后,如:know,think,believe,hope,mean,

也可以跟在主句形容词之后.例如：certain,glad,sure

【练一练】判断下面的句子是不是宾语从句，是的用T.不是用F.

(1)Thisisthepenthatyouarelookingfor.()(3)1knowthatyouareacleverboy.()

(2)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingthere?()(4)Peoplearenotsureifthereareliveson

theMars.().

1,由从属连词that,unhclhcr,if等引导

(I)由that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导陈述句形式的宾语从句。Tha【只有语法作用，没

有实在的意义，在

口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：

①Somepeoplethinkthatcolourscaninfluenceourmoods.

②Shehopesyellowcanbringhersuccess.

@Heisverygladhisroomisblue.

④Wcarcsureyellowcanbringusgoodluck.

⑤Ithinkblueisbetterthanpink.

⑥Doyouthinkyourfavouritecolourmatchesyourpersonality?

(2)由if或whether引导的宾语从句°If和whether在句"।的意思是“是否”，主要引导一般

疑问句意思和选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。.在口语中二者可互换。

Eg.1wanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.

Sandyisaskingwhetherthesportsbagismadeofcotton.

Amywonderswhethersheshouldchoosethereddress.

X【注意】whether和if不可互换的情况:

A.习惯上宾语从句中的whether与ornol直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用时，即构成

whether...ornot的结构时，英语中只用whether；而美语中常用if。所以我们的教学中习惯

上采用whether...ornot的说法。

Idon'tknowwhetherhe'sfreeornot.

Maryaskedwhether1wasdoingniyhomeworkornot

B.若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。

Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解为：

是否：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulike（hebook.

如果：Ifyoulikethebook,pleaseletmeknow.

2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词（特殊疑问词）when,where,whv,

皿匚引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，如主语、宾

语、表语、定语、状语等。例如:

Doyouknowwho（whom；theyarewaitingtor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwas

thebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon'tknowwhythetrainislate.

【总结】三类引导词/连接词（1）引导陈述句

（2）引导一般疑问句或选

择疑问句

（3）引导特殊疑问句

【考点解析】

一、宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复

合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。例如：

①Ithink（that）youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

@CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

即：主句（主+谓）++从句（主+谓）

[exercise]

1.Mr.LisaidtoTom,“Wherehaveyoubccn?”=Mr.LiaskedTom

2.Whoistheman?Couldyoutellme?（合成个句子）

3.-Doyouknowthisafternoon?—I'mnotsure,butI'Htellyouassoonasshe

A.howwillBettyarrive;startsB.howBettywillarrive;willstart

C.wha(timewillBettyarrive;willstartD.whattimeBettywillarrive;starts

4.一Wedon'tknow.一ItissaidthathewasbominSweden.

A.whatheisB.ifheliveshere

C.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom

5.-PhiliphasbeentoNewZealand.-Oh,canyoutellme?

A.whendidheleaveB.whenheisleavingC.whenheleftD.whenis

heleaving

【注意】Wouldyouliketotellme?

A.whatisthematterB.whatthematterisC.iswhatthematterD.

isthematterwhat

[特殊情况]_______________________________________________________________________

二、宾语从句的时态(主从句时态一致)

1.如果主句的时态是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时)宾语从

句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态，即根据实际情况定。如；

Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.

HehastoldmethathewillleaveforNewYorktomorrow.

[exercise]

(I)—Couldyoutellme?-Morethanayear.[若答句换成Inayear]

A.howsoonwillYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbebuiltB.howlonghasYangzhou-Taizhou

Airportbeeninservice

C.howsoonYangzhou-TaizhouAirportwillbebuiltD.howlongYangzhou-TaizhouAirport

hasbeeninservice

(2)―Couldyoutellmeyesterday?-Becausemybikewasbrokenonmywayhome.

A.whyyoucamelateB.whydoyoucomelate

C.whyyoucomelateD.whydidyoucomelate

(3)Canyoutellmeinthefuture?

A.howlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeC.whatlifewillbelikeD.

whatwilllifebelike

2.如果主句的时态是过去的某种时态，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时，过

去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。

(1)Kaiewasnotsure.

A.thatsheshouldgothroughthethirdgateB.ifornotsheshouldgothroughthethird

gate

C.whichgateshouldshegothroughD.whichgatesheshouldgothrough

(2)—WhatdidBobaskyoujustnow?

—HewantedtoknowhowlongwhenIreachedthecinema.

A.hadthefilmbeenonB.thefilmhadstartedC.thefilmhadbeenonD.had

thefilmended

【考点解析】

(1)woulddo和haddone______________________________________________________________

(2)以Could/Wouldyou…开头的宾语从句______________________________________________

[exercise]

(1)一WhatdidBobaskyoujustnow?-HewantedtoknowhowlongwhenIreached

thecinema.

A.hadthefilmbeenonB.thefilmhadstarted

C.thefilmhadbeenonD.hadthefilmended

(2)-Granny,theschooltripwasveryexcitingbutalittletiring.-Oh,couldyoutell

me?

A.howdidyougototheparkB.whatyoudidinthetrip

C.thatyousawsomethingbeautifulD.ifyourfriendshadplayedwithyou

(3)---Couldyoutellme?一GettingreadyfbrtheHighSchoolEntranceExam.

A.whatheisbusydoingB.whyhestayup

C.ifheisworriedD.wherehecanpass(heexam

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理或事实，其时态保持。

Eg.OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

HesaidthatYaoMingismuchtallerthanhim.(事实)

[exercise]WhenIwasyoung,myfathertoldme(hatthesound(travel)through

airalaspeedofabout340meterspersecond.

4.否定转移

当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，要将从句中的否

定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，从句的谓语动词用肯定形式.

Eg.Idon'tthinkhewillcomewithyou.译成中文：

IthinkDan'sfinishedhishomework4改为否定句)

我相信天气不能影响我们的心情。_____________________________________________

Part2【当堂反馈】

一、单选

)1.--Idon'tunderstand.-I'msorry.ButIwasdoingmyhomework.

A.whyyoudidn'twatchthefootballmatch

B.whydidn'tyouwatcht.hefootballmatch

C.whyyoudon'twatchthefootballmatch

D.whydon'tyouwatchthefootballmatch

()2.---Couldyoutellme?-InAugust,2014.

A.wherewilltheYouthOlympicGamestakeplace

B.whenwilltheYouthOlympicGameslakeplace

C.wheretheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplace

D.whentheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplace

()3.Couldyoupleasetellmewhere?Thebossiswailingfbrhim.

A.hasTomgoneB.TomhasgoneC.hasTombeenD.Tomhasbeen

()4.一一Couldyoutellire?-Atarobotshop.

A.wheredidMrJiangbuytherobotB.whereMrJiangboughttherobot

C.whyMrJiangboughttherobotD.whydidMrJiangbuytherobot

()5.-Doyouknowsecond-handsmoke?-Topreventourhealthand

memory.

A.howweshouldpreventB.whereshouldweprevent

C.whyweshouldpreventD.whetherweshouldprevent

()6.---David,couldyoutellme?--Everyfouryears.

A.when(he2014WorldCupwillfinishB.howoftentheWorldCuptakesplace

C.howmanyteamstakepartintheWorldCupD.whomayscorethemostgoalsinthe

WorldCup

()7.Alice,doyouknowtomoiTow?

A.whatwillwedoB.whenwewillstart

C.where(heywentD.howwill(heygo(here

()8.--Iwondertobeanastronaut.---Itmustbeveryexciting.

A.whatisitlikeB.whatitislikeC.howisitlikeD.howitis

like

()9.---Doyouknowthisafternoon?---I'mnotsure,butI’11tellyouassoonasshe

A.howwillBettyarrive:startsB.howBettywillarrive;willstart

C.whattimewillBellyarrive;willstartD.whattimeBettywillarrive;starts

()10.--PhiliphasbeenioNewZealand.---Oh,canyoutellme?

A.whendidheleaveB.whenheisleavingC.whenheleftD.when

isheleaving

()11.--IsawDavidintheteachers5officethismorning.Doyouknowhewasthere?

—Hewent(heretohandinhishomework.

A.howB.whetherC.whenD.why

()12.-Excuseme,couldyoutellme?-Infiveminutes.

A.howsoonwillthefilmbeginB.howsoonthefilmwillbegin

C.howlongthefilmhasbeenonD.howlonghasthefilmbeenon

()13.…Couldyoutellme?iSometimes,ifIhavetime.

A.howoftenyougoseeafilmB.howlongyoudoyourhomework

C.howmuchtimeyouspendonyourhobbiesD.howsoonwillyougotoseeyour

grandparents

)14.-Whattimeshallweleavefortheairport?

--It'sfbggytoday.Fmnotsurebeclosedsoon.Let'sgonow.

A.whetherthehighwaywillB.whetherwillthehighway

C.whenthehighwaywillD.whenwillthehighway

)15.---Mum,thevisittothesciencemuseumissov/ondcrful.---Really?Couldyoutell

me?

A.thatyoudidandsawthereB.whenyoucomeback

C.howdidyougetthereD.ifyousawmodelsofspacecraftthere

()16.-Thelightinhisroomisstillon.Couldyoutellme?—Preparingfor(he

comingexam.

A.whatheisbusydoingRifheworkshard

C.whyhestaysupsolateD.swhyhewassobusy

()17.-Daniel,couldyoutellme?-Certainly,inBrazil.

A.whenthe2016OlympicswillbeheldB.whenwillthe2016Olympicsbeheld

C.wherethe2016OlympicswillbeheldD.wherewillthe2016Olympicsbeheld

)18.-Dad,canyoutellme?Imissherverymuch.—Nextmonth,dear.

A.whenwillmymumcomebackB.whenmymumwillcomeback

C.howmymumgoestoworkD.wherewillmymumgo

)19.…WhatdidMaxjustsaytoyou?…Heaskedme.

A.ifIwouldliketogoskatingB.whendidIbuythisCD

C.whereIwillspendtheweekendD.thatIhadagoodtime

()20.-RichardisstudyinginGermany.Iwonder.Onthephone.

A.howhisparentskeepintouchwithhimB.vvhyhisparentskeepintouchwithhim

C.howdohisparentskeepintouchwithhimD.whydohisparentskeepintouchwith

him

()21.…Couldyoutellme?

…Everyfouryears.The24thwilltakeplaceinChinain2022.

A.howlongtheWinterOlympicGameslastB.howlongdotheWinterOlympic

Gameslast

C.howoftenaretheWinterOlympicGamesheldD.howoftentheWinterOlympic

Gamesareheld

()22.--Couldyoupleasetellme?一OK.IwillgotoBeijingnextweek.

A.wherewillyougoB.howyouwillgotoBeijing

C.whenyouwillgotoBeijingD.whywillyougotoBeijing

()23.一Iwonder.-Yes,ofcourse.

A.whywewillvisitthismuseumB.whenwewillgettothemuseum

C.whetherthemuseumisworthvisitingD.whatwecanseeinthemuseum

()24.--It'ssocarelessofyoutomakeaspellingmistakeagain.--Sorry.Icojldn't

remember.

A.whenIlearntthewordB.ifIhavelearnttheword

C.whereshouldIpurthesilentDinwhichclassdidyou(eachtheword

()25.-I'manewreader.Couldyoutellme?

…Certainly.Twoweeks,andyoucanrenewthem.

A.howlongcanIkeepthebooksB.howlongIcankeepthebooks

C.whenshouldIreturnthebooksD.whcnIshouldreturnthebooks

()26.一Therewillbeaconcertthisevening.ButIdon'tknow.一Byunderground.It

takeslesslime.

A.whereitwillbeheldB.howcanIgoC.wherewillitbeheldD.howIcango

()27.Mom,haveyouseenmytoybear?Idon'tknowIhaveleftit.

A.whyB.whenC.howD.where

()28.1don'tcarehowyoudothejob.Ionlycareitcanbedone.Justgivemeadate!

A.whereB.whcnC.whatD.why

()29.Theypromisedthattheymelookformykeyuntilitwasfound.Buttheysoon

walkedaway.

A.willhelpB.havehelpedC.wouldhelpD.hadhelped

()30.-FvejustreceivedaWechatmessage-“tlyl”.Doyouknow?

—Itstandsfbr“talktoyoulater”.

A.howdoesitmeanB.howitmeansC.whatdoesitmeanD.whatitmeans

)31.―Helen,couldyoutellmelivinginthecountiyside?---Perhapsnextweekend.

A.whyyouwillvisityourgrannyB.whenwillyouvisityourgranny

C.whenyouwillvisityourgrannyD.whywillyouvisityourgranny

)32.Wehaven'tdecidedyetwewillplaceournewfurniture.

A.whereB.whatC.whyD.which

)33.IntheUK,awomanusuallydoesn'tliketobeasked.

A.whethershehadbeenmarriedB.whatisherage

C.howmuchsheweighsD.whereshecomesfrom

)34.—Howsoonwillyoustartyourjourney?-I'mnotsure.Ihaven'tdecided.

A.whenshallIaskthebossforleaveB.whereIwillgotospendtheholiday

C.whetherIwouldgobytrainorbyplaneD.whocouldinvitemetogo

)35.Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou'vejustcomebackfromSanya.I'mcallingtcask

A.howdidyouvisitthecityB.howmanydaysyoifvespentthere

C.whichhotelyoustayedinSanyaD.howyoufoundtheseafoodthere

二、翻译句子

1.你知道史上第一只风筝是由木头做的吗？

Doyou

know_____________________________________________________________________________

7

2.我想知道你是否可以描述一下你的口常生活。

I

wonder____________________________________________________________________________

3.我觉得穿什么衣服取决于个人喜好。

I

t