山东东营市2026届高三下学期一模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东东营市2026届高三下学期一模英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEdinburgh,Scotland’scapital,isfamousforitslivelysummerfestivalandmoodygothicarchitecture—butashortbreakhereoffersplentymorebesides.Thiswalkablecitypacksunforgettableexperiencesintoasingleday,fromliterarytrailstofinediningandhistoricpubs.8a.m.:ExploretheoldtownCraftyourownliterarytrailstartingintheGrassmarket.ClimbtheMissJeanBrodieStepstoviewEdinburghCastleframedbynarrowlanes,andthenwanderintoGreyfriarsKirkyard,a17th-centurycemetery.Sharp-eyedHarryPotterfanswillspotfamiliarnamesongravestones,includingonesthatinspiredYou-Know-Who.11a.m.:DiveintothepastAcrossfromthecemeteryistheNationalMuseumofScotland,whosegalleriescovertimeandcontinentswithafocusonScottishhistoryandculture.Don’tmissAlexanderGrahamBell’soriginaltelephoneandaTrainspottingscreenplaysignedbyEwanMcGregor.Foradifferentexperience,visitSurgeons’Hall,whichshowcasesEdinburgh’smedicalhistory.2p.m.:HeadfortheriverAftermorningculture,takeashorttramfromPrincesStreettoLeith,whichholdsaquarterofScotland’sMichelin-starredrestaurants,includingTomKitchin’sTheKitchin.ItslunchmenufeaturesseasonalScottishfare,suchasthelobsterfromjustthreebusstopsdownthecoast,whichtastesallthebetterforit.LittlewonderWelshhimselfisaregular.7p.m.:DrinkupNoEdinburghdayiscompletewithoutapubstop,andtheNewTownhasgreatoptions.SherlockHolmesfansshouldseekoutTheConanDoyle,ahistoricpubneartheauthor’sbirthplace.Stepinsideandenjoyarefreshinglocalaleorwhiskytowinddownafterabusydayofexploration.1.Whichplacewillfantasyfictionloverswanttovisit?A.PrincesStreet. B.Surgeons’Hall.C.GreyfriarsKirkyard. D.TheNewTown.2.WhyisWelsharegularattheKitchin?A.Itoffersfreshlobster. B.Itservestastyseasonallocalfood.C.Itiswithinwalkingdistance. D.ItisaMichelin-starredrestaurant.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tosharepersonaltravelexperiences.B.TocompareEdinburgh’stouristattractions.C.Torecommendaone-daytriptoEdinburgh.D.ToadvertiseEdinburgh’sfestivalandarchitecture.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要为读者推荐了爱丁堡一日游的行程，介绍了当地的文学景点、文化博物馆、特色美食和历史酒吧。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“CraftyourownliterarytrailstartingintheGrassmarket.ClimbtheMissJeanBrodieStepstoviewEdinburghCastleframedbynarrowlanes,andthenwanderintoGreyfriarsKirkyard,a17th-centurycemetery.Sharp-eyedHarryPotterfanswillspotfamiliarnamesongravestones,includingonesthatinspiredYou-Know-Who.(从格拉斯市场出发，开启您的文学之旅吧。爬上MissJeanBrodieSteps，欣赏被狭窄小巷环绕的爱丁堡城堡美景。然后漫步进入GreyfriarsKirkyard，那里是17世纪的公墓。眼光敏锐的《哈利·波特》粉丝们会发现墓碑上有着熟悉的名字，其中包括一些给了“神秘人”灵感的名字。)”可知，奇幻小说爱好者会想去GreyfriarsKirkyard。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ItslunchmenufeaturesseasonalScottishfare,suchasthelobsterfromjustthreebusstopsdownthecoast,whichtastesallthebetterforit.LittlewonderWelshhimselfisaregular.(餐厅的午间菜单主打苏格兰时令风味，例如来自海岸线外仅三站公交距离的龙虾，因产地之近而愈发鲜美。难怪Welsh本人也是常客)”可知，Welsh是餐厅常客，是因为这里提供美味的时令当地食物。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thiswalkablecitypacksunforgettableexperiencesintoasingleday,fromliterarytrailstofinediningandhistoricpubs.(这座适合步行的城市在一天内就能带来难忘的体验，从文学步道到精致餐饮再到历史酒吧。)”以及全文按时间顺序介绍爱丁堡一日游的各个环节，可推知作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐爱丁堡一日游行程。故选C。BWhenthebellrangforrecess,childrenquicklypouredout.However,raggedVincentSabellawasleftout.Hedidn’tjointheboysgatheringaroundthehorizontalbar,ortheoneswhisperinginafarcorner,northelargergroupchasingincircles.Initially,hepretendedtobebusywithhisshoelaces,bendingtoundoandretiethem.Afterrepeatingthisforfiveminutes,hebegancastingstonesataninvisibletarget—anotherfiveminutesgone,withfivestillleft.Thenhejuststoodthere,handsinpockets,thenonhips.MissPricestoodwatching,wonderingwhethertointervene.Knowingthenewboywasadoptedfromanorphanagefilledherwithasenseofmission.Shemanagedtocontroltheurgethatdayandeverydaythatweek.Heranxietyshowedinclass,though.Hisschoolworkerrorswereexcusedpublicly,whilehisachievementsgotspecialmention.Hercampaigntobuildhimupwaspainfullyobvious.Forinstance,shewouldsay,“SupposeVincentSabellawenttothestorewithfifteencents.Candybarscostfivecentseach.Howmanywouldhehave?”Hewaswellonthewaytobecomingateacher’spet.OnFriday,MissPricedecidedtospeaktohimprivately.ButlunchtimewastryingforVincent.Unlikeotherswhowenthome,hehadlunchintheclassroomfromawrinkledpaperbag,whichmadeforawkwardness.Andhervisitdidn’thelp.Theroomstillhalffull,shesatbesidehim,obviouslysacrificingherlunchbreak.Mumbling(嘟囔),heshiftedhiseyestothedepartingchildren.Withthedoorclosedbehindthelastchild,hefinallygaveherhisfullattention.Themoreshetalked,themoreheseemedtorelax.Shewentrighton,feelingitwasassimpleandsatisfyingasstrokingacat.4.Whatdothethree“fiveminutes”imply?A.Vincentfailedtointegrate. B.MissPriceobservedkeenly.C.Vincentfollowedaroutine. D.Vincent’sschoollifewasboring.5.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph2probablyreferstosomeone________bytheteacher.A.highlyvaluedfornobility B.overlypitiedformisfortuneC.deeplyadmiredforexcellence D.sharplycriticizedformisbehavior6.Whatcanweinferaboutthetalkfromparagraph3?A.ItembarrassedVincent. B.ItfinallyputVincentatease.C.Itdidn’tsatisfyMissPrice. D.Itwasinterruptedbyothers.7.WhichwordsbestdescribeMissPrice?A.Patientandempathetic. B.Optimisticandcreative.C.Humbleandresponsible. D.Caringandcourageous.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是新转来的男孩文森特·萨贝拉在学校的孤独处境，以及老师普莱斯小姐试图帮助他融入集体、建立自信的过程。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hedidn’tjointheboysgatheringaroundthehorizontalbar,ortheoneswhisperinginafarcorner,northelargergroupchasingincircles.Initially,hepretendedtobebusywithhisshoelaces,bendingtoundoandretiethem.Afterrepeatingthisforfiveminutes,hebegancastingstonesataninvisibletarget—anotherfiveminutesgone,withfivestillleft.Thenhejuststoodthere,handsinpockets,thenonhips.(他没有跟围在横杆旁的男孩们一起，也没有跟在远处角落里窃窃私语的人群中，更没有跟围着圈子追逐的人群一起。起初，他假装在忙着解系鞋带，弯腰去解开又重新系好。这样重复了五分钟之后，他开始向一个看不见的目标投掷石子——又过去了五分钟，还剩下五分钟。然后他就只是站在那里，双手插在口袋里，接着又叉在腰间)”可知，这三个“五分钟”分别意味着文森特未能融入到孩子们中。故选A。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Knowingthenewboywasadoptedfromanorphanagefilledherwithasenseofmission.Shemanagedtocontroltheurgethatdayandeverydaythatweek.Heranxietyshowedinclass,though.Hisschoolworkerrorswereexcusedpublicly,whilehisachievementsgotspecialmention.Hercampaigntobuildhimupwaspainfullyobvious.(得知这个新来的男孩是从孤儿院被领养来的，这让她心中涌起一种使命感。那几天以及那一周的每一天，她都努力克制住自己的冲动。不过，她的焦虑在课堂上还是有所体现。他的作业错误被公开原谅了，而他的成绩却得到了特别的表扬。她为提升他的自信心所采取的行动显而易见)”可知，MissPrice知道VincentSabella是从孤儿院被领养来之后努力帮助VincentSabella建立信心，对他呈现出偏爱，他正逐渐成为被老师偏爱的学生，ateacher’spet的意思是“被老师偏爱的学生”，在文中指“因为不幸而倍受同情的人”，和overlypitiedformisfortune意思相近。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Themoreshetalked,themoreheseemedtorelax.Shewentrighton,feelingitwasassimpleandsatisfyingasstrokingacat.(她越说，他似乎就越放松。她继续滔滔不绝，感觉这就像抚摸一只猫一样简单而令人满足)”可知，这次谈话让文森特放下了紧张的心情。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Knowingthenewboywasadoptedfromanorphanagefilledherwithasenseofmission.(得知这个新来的男孩是从孤儿院被领养来的，这让她心中涌起一种使命感)”可知，MissPrice是有同情心的；根据最后一段“Themoreshetalked,themoreheseemedtorelax.Shewentrighton,feelingitwasassimpleandsatisfyingasstrokingacat.(她越说，他似乎就越放松。她继续滔滔不绝，感觉这就像抚摸一只猫一样简单而令人满足)”可知，她在谈话中滔滔不绝，说明她是有耐心的，因此可用patient“有耐心的”和empathetic“有同情心的”来形容MissPrice。故选A。CRecently,IwaslisteningtoPaulSimon’s1983albumHeartsandBonesagainandwasstruckbyaquestion:whatdidit—aweary,bittersweetreflectiononabrokenrelationship-meantomyyoungerself?Asateenagerwithlittleromanticexperience,IbelieveIwasdrawntothematuritysadnessseemedtorepresent,whichhintsatacomplexjoyfoundwithinsadness.Butwhyvaluesadnesswhenhappinessissouniversallypursued?Nationsmeasurewell-beingthroughhappinessIndexes(指数),andphilosophiesprioritizeincreasingjoy.Yet,inreality,wedon’tseekconstanthappiness.Sometimessadnesshasacause;sometimeswewanttobe.Perhapsemotionalvarietyispreferabletomonotony.Butthere’smoretoit—sadnessholdsadepththathappinesslacks.Sadnessinspiresgreatartinawaythatgrinninglyeatingicecreamcannot.EssayistHartleyColeridgepraiseditasamoreelegantstateofmindthanhappiness.“Melancholy(悲伤)canscarceexistinanundegradedspirit—itcannotexistinamereanimal”ishowheputit,suggestingitismoredignifiedthanhappiness.Isuspectmostpeoplefeeljoyis,atroot,akindofidiotpleasure.Melancholyissomehowmoregrown-up,moresincere,andmoreauthentic.Justaswhatevolutionaryscientistscall“thehandicapprinciple”,luxurioustraitsareuseful,becausetheyaresoshowilyexpensive,apparentlyinconveniencingtheowner.Theyareawayofsaying:I’msostrong.Thepeacock’stail,forexample,despitebeingadisadvantageattached,signalsdesirablegenes.Sadness,accordingtothismodel,isakindofobviousconsumption.Ittakesmoremusclestofrownthansmile,andmaybethat’sthepoint.Darwinobservedthatsadnessappearsthesamewayacrossallcultures,implyingadeep-rootedhumancapacity.Happinesscanbelovely,buttheprofound,elegantsadnessunlocksaesthetic(美学)worldthathappinesscanneverreach.8.WhydidtheauthorlikePaulSimon’s1983albumasateenager?A.Hethoughtsadnessinspiredart.B.Heviewedsadnessashappiness.C.Heexperiencedbrokenrelationships.D.Heassociatedsadnesswithbeingmature.9.What’sHartleyColeridge’sviewonmelancholy?A.Unrelatedtoart. B.Richinvariety.C.Uniquetohumans. D.Deep-rootedinhistory.10.Whydoestheauthorrefertothepeacock’stail?A.Tostressfrowningtakesmoremuscles.B.Toshowluxurioustraitsareunnecessary.C.Toprovesadnessisapparentlyconvenient.D.Toexplainsadnesshasevolutionaryvalue.11.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Whythelongface? B.Whichisdeeper?C.What’shappiness? D.Where’ssadness?【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者通过个人经历及多方观点探讨了悲伤的价值，认为其比快乐更具深度且能开启美学世界。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Asateenagerwithlittleromanticexperience,IbelieveIwasdrawntothematuritysadnessseemedtorepresent,whichhintsatacomplexjoyfoundwithinsadness.(作为一个几乎没有恋爱经验的青少年，我相信我是被悲伤所代表的成熟所吸引，这暗示着悲伤中隐藏着一种复杂的喜悦)”可知，作者青少年时期喜欢PaulSimon的专辑是因为将悲伤与成熟联系在了一起。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“EssayistHartleyColeridgepraiseditasamoreelegantstateofmindthanhappiness.“Melancholy(悲伤)canscarceexistinanundegradedspirit—itcannotexistinamereanimal”ishowheputit,suggestingitismoredignifiedthanhappiness.(散文家HartleyColeridge称赞悲伤是一种比快乐更优雅的精神状态。他是这样说的:“悲伤几乎不可能存在于一个未堕落的灵魂中——它不可能存在于一个单纯的动物身上”，这表明它比快乐更有尊严)”可知，HartleyColeridge认为悲伤是人类独有的。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Justaswhatevolutionaryscientistscall“thehandicapprinciple”,luxurioustraitsareuseful,becausetheyaresoshowilyexpensive,apparentlyinconveniencingtheowner.Theyareawayofsaying:I’msostrong.Thepeacock’stail,forexample,despitebeingadisadvantageattached,signalsdesirablegenes.Sadness,accordingtothismodel,isakindofobviousconsumption.(正如进化科学家所说的“劣势原则”，奢侈的特征是有用的，因为它们是如此昂贵，显然给主人带来了不便。它们是一种表达方式：我很强壮。例如，孔雀的尾巴，尽管是一种劣势，却能传递出优良基因的信号。根据这个模型，悲伤是一种炫耀性消费)”可知，作者提到孔雀的尾巴是为了解释悲伤具有进化价值。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Happinesscanbelovely,buttheprofound,elegantsadnessunlocksaesthetic(美学)worldthathappinesscanneverreach.Happinessisoftenfleetingandsuperficial,whilesadnesscanprovideadeeper,morelastingemotionalexperiencethatopensthedoortoaricheraestheticrealm.(快乐可以是可爱的，但深刻、优雅的悲伤开启了快乐永远无法触及的美学世界。快乐往往是短暂的、肤浅的，而悲伤可以提供一种更深层次、更持久的情感体验，为通往更丰富的美学领域打开大门)”可知，文章主要探讨了悲伤的价值，认为其比快乐更具深度且能开启美学世界，因此A项“Whythelongface?(为什么愁眉苦脸？)”作为标题最合适，该标题以疑问的形式引发读者对于悲伤的思考，与文章主旨相符。故选A。DInJuly,theUniversityofChicago’sprincipalannouncedplansto“restructure”itsDivisionoftheArtsandHumanities,potentiallyreducinglanguageinstruction,establishingminimumclasssizesandsoon.Asforwhyaninstitutionwithahugefundofover$10billion,renownedworldwideforitshumanitiesprograms,wouldmakesuchdramaticchanges,administratorsofferedavaguereasoncenteredon“historicfundingpressures”.Butwhat,specifically,arethesepressures?AsCliffordAndo,adistinguishedprofessorofclassicsatChicago,detailstheuniversity’sleadership,hasforyearsspentvastamountsofmoney,largelyonSTEMprojects,andthenattemptedtoweakenitsDivisionoftheArtsandtheHumanitiesasameanstopayfortheseinvestments.Infact,asAndowrites,theyarethe“onlystaffintheartsandscienceswhosystematicallypayforthemselves:theydonotneedexpensivebuildings;theprovisionofinstructionintheirfieldsischeap”.Thus,itseemstomanyprofessorsofthehumanitiesthat“financialcrisis”hasbecomeanexcuseforfar-reachingchangesthatarenotnecessarysomuchasdesiredbyuniversityleaders.Whymightuniversityleadersdeliberatelychoosetoundercuthumanisticeducationandresearch?Manyreasonssuggestthemselves.Surelytheendlessreportsofartificialintelligencespellingtheendofreadingandwritingaren’thelpingmatters.STEMfieldssecurefarmorefinancialaidandthusserveaspotentiallyimportantsourcesofincomeforuniversities.Butweshouldnotoverlookadeeperroottracedbacktothe19thcentury.Priortothattime,highereducationintheUnitedStateswasgreatlyinfluencedbythespiritofRenaissancehumanism.TheinstitutionsdevotedoutsizedattentiontothestudyofancientGreekandRomanliterature,keytoshapingstudents’characters.Inthelate19thcentury,reformersshiftedtheirfocustothescientificmethod,onwhichtheyaimedtorecenterhighereducation.Amidthesechanges,Americancollegeshaveabandonedtheircoreoriginalmission.Theyoughttoofferstudentsspaceforreflectiononhumanlife,balancecharacterdevelopmentwithcareertraining,andpreservehumanculturalheritageasdiligentlyastheyadvancenewknowledge.12.WhataccountsforChicagoUniversity’srestructuringplanaccordingtoProfessorAndo?A.Fundshortage. B.AI’spopularity.C.Humanities’costlyinstruction. D.STEM’shugeinvestments.13.HowmanyreasonsaregiveninParagraph3forundercuttinghumanities?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthechanges?A.Approving. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Skeptical.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheinfluenceofAIonhighereducation.B.ThedevelopmentofSTEMfieldsintheUS.C.ThefinancialproblemofAmericanuniversities.D.TheneglectofhumanitiesinAmericanuniversities.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨芝加哥大学计划重组艺术与人文学院的背后原因，指出校方以资金压力为借口，实则是长期向STEM领域大量投入所致，并分析了美国高校忽视人文教育的深层根源，批判了这种偏离教育核心使命的做法。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“InJuly,theUniversityofChicago’sprincipalannouncedplansto“restructure”itsDivisionoftheArtsandHumanities,potentiallyreducinglanguageinstruction,establishingminimumclasssizesandsoon(7月，芝加哥大学的校长宣布了对艺术与人文学院进行“重组”的计划，可能包括削减语言课程、设定最低班级规模等措施。)”以及根据“AsCliffordAndo,adistinguishedprofessorofclassicsatChicago,detailstheuniversity’sleadership,hasforyearsspentvastamountsofmoney,largelyonSTEMprojects,andthenattemptedtoweakenitsDivisionoftheArtsandtheHumanitiesasameanstopayfortheseinvestments.(芝加哥大学著名古典学教授克利福德·安藤详细说明，该校领导层多年来将大量资金投入STEM项目，并试图削弱艺术与人文学院来为这些投资买单。)”可推知，安藤教授认为芝加哥大学的重组计划是因为对STEM领域的巨额投资。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Manyreasonssuggestthemselves.Surelytheendlessreportsofartificialintelligencespellingtheendofreadingandwritingaren’thelpingmatters.STEMfieldssecurefarmorefinancialaidandthusserveaspotentiallyimportantsourcesofincomeforuniversities.Butweshouldnotoverlookadeeperroottracedbacktothe19thcentury.(原因不言而喻。当然那些关于人工智能将终结阅读和写作的无休止的报道并没有起到任何积极的作用。理工科领域获得了更多的财政资助，因此成为大学潜在的重要收入来源。但我们也不能忽视一个可以追溯到19世纪的更深层次的原因。)”可知，文中提及了人工智能的影响、STEM领域的经济优势、19世纪的教育改革转向这三个原因。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theyoughttoofferstudentsspaceforreflectiononhumanlife,balancecharacterdevelopmentwithcareertraining,andpreservehumanculturalheritageasdiligentlyastheyadvancenewknowledge.(他们本应为学生提供反思人类生活的空间，在性格培养与职业培训之间取得平衡，并在推进新知识的同时勤勉地保护人类文化遗产。)”以及全文对校方以资金为借口忽视人文教育的描述，可推知作者对这些变化持批判态度。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段首句“InJuly,theUniversityofChicago’sprincipalannouncedplansto“restructure”itsDivisionoftheArtsandHumanities,potentiallyreducinglanguageinstruction,establishingminimumclasssizesandsoon(7月，芝加哥大学的校长宣布了对艺术与人文学院进行“重组”的计划，可能包括削减语言课程、设定最低班级规模等措施。)”可知，文章以芝加哥大学重组艺术与人文学院的事件为切入点，分析了美国高校削减人文教育经费、弱化人文学科的多重原因，指出高校偏离了培养学生反思能力、保护文化遗产的核心使命。因此推断文章主要讨论了美国大学忽视人文教育的问题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tobe“literate”impliestheabilitytodecodelanguageonitsmostbasicterms,butliteracyalsoexpandstoone’sabilityto“readandwrite”theworld.____16____Soccerplayers,forexample,learnthegamelanguage.Doctorstalkmedicalterms.Literacyinthesespecificlanguagesallowsustonavigate,participateinandcontributetosuchaworld.Famouswritershavepennedliteracynarrativestorevealthejourneyoflanguagelearning.Butyoudon’thavetobefamoustotellyourown—everyonehastheirownstorytotellabouttheirrelationshipswithreadingandwriting.____17____Recallastorylinkedtoyourpersonalhistoryofreadingandwriting.Perhapsyouwanttowriteaboutyourfavoritebookanditsimpactonyou.____18____Whateveritis,makesuretoconsiderwhythisparticularstoryisthemostimportanttotell.Onceyou’vesettledonyourstory,picturethefirstscenethatcomestomind.Takethestoryofyourfavoritebook:itmaystartwithdescribingwhereyouwerewhenyoufirstgotit.____19____Wheredidthisleadyouinyourwritingandreadingjourney?Writingliteracynarrativescanbejoyful,butitcanalsotriggerhiddenfeelingsaboutthecomplexitiesofliteracy.____20____Writingthemdowncanhelpusexplorethesefeelingsinordertostrengthenourrelationshipwithreadingandwriting.This,inturn,deepensourunderstandingofourselvesandothers.A.Readytogobutstuckforastart?B.Continuefromtheretoexplorefurther.C.Atanygivenmoment,weallorbitlanguageworlds.D.Usually,therearepowerfullessonsandtruthsfoundinit.E.Whatareyourstrongestmemoriesofreadingandwriting?F.Maybeyourememberyourfirstbrushwithpoetry’sgreatpower.G.Manyofuscarryscarsandwoundsfromearlyliteracyexperiences.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.B20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍素养的内涵，并指导如何书写素养叙事。【16题详析】上文“Tobe‘literate’impliestheabilitytodecodelanguageonitsmostbasicterms,butliteracyalsoexpandstoone’sabilityto‘readandwrite’theworld.(所谓‘识字’，意味着具备从最基本层面解读语言的能力，但读写能力也延伸到一个人‘读写’世界的能力)”说明“识字”不仅是解读语言，还能“读写”世界，下文“Soccerplayers,forexample,learnthegamelanguage.Doctorstalkmedicalterms.Literacyinthesespecificlanguagesallowsustonavigate,participateinandcontributetosuchaworld.(例如，足球运动员学习运动语言，医生使用医学术语。掌握这些特定领域的语言，能让我们在相应的世界里适应、参与并有所贡献)”举例足球运动员、医生都有各自的专业语言，空处承上启下，C选项“在任何时候，我们都在围绕着语言世界运转”符合语境，既承接上文，又为下文的具体例子做铺垫。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Famouswritershavepennedliteracynarrativestorevealthejourneyoflanguagelearning.Butyoudon’thavetobefamoustotellyourown—everyonehastheirownstorytotellabouttheirrelationshipswithreadingandwriting.(著名作家写下了识字叙事，来展现语言学习的历程。但你不必成名也可以讲述自己的故事——每个人都有关于自己与读写关系的故事可讲)”说明每个人都有关于读写的故事可讲，空处应该与讲述故事相关，A选项“准备好了却不知从何开始？”符合语境，以问句形式自然过渡到具体的写作指导。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Recallastorylinkedtoyourpersonalhistoryofreadingandwriting.Perhapsyouwanttowriteaboutyourfavoritebookanditsimpactonyou.(回忆一个与你个人读写历史相关的故事。也许你想写写你最喜欢的书以及它对你的影响)”给出了一些讲述读写故事的思路，空处承接上文，应是与上文并列的另一个可能的写作主题，F选项“也许你还记得你第一次感受到诗歌的强大力量”是讲述读写故事的一个具体例子，符合语境，提供了另一种写作选择。故选F。【19题详析】上文“Onceyou’vesettledonyourstory,picturethefirstscenethatcomestomind.Takethestoryofyourfavoritebook:itmaystartwithdescribingwhereyouwerewhenyoufirstgotit.(一旦你确定了你的故事，想象一下首先浮现在脑海中的场景。以你最喜欢的书的故事为例：它可能从描述你第一次得到它时所在的地方开始)”说明确定故事后要想象第一个场景，并举例进行说明，下文“Wheredidthisleadyouinyourwritingandreadingjourney?(这在你的写作和阅读之旅中把你带向了哪里？)”提出问题引导进一步思考，空处承接上文，B选项“从那里继续深入探索”符合语境，承接上文描述第一个场景，引出下文思考场景的意义，符合逻辑。故选B。【20题详析】上文“Writingliteracynarrativescanbejoyful,butitcanalsotriggerhiddenfeelingsaboutthecomplexitiesofliteracy.(撰写识字叙事文章可能是令人愉悦的，但也可能触发人们对读写复杂性的隐藏情感)”说明写识字叙事可能会引发关于识字复杂性的隐藏情感，下文“Writingthemdowncanhelpusexplorethesefeelingsinordertostrengthenourrelationshipwithreadingandwriting.This,inturn,deepensourunderstandingofourselvesandothers.(把它们写下来可以帮助我们探索这些情感，从而加强我们与读写的关系。这反过来又加深了我们对自己和他人的理解)”说明写下这些情感的好处，空处承上启下，G选项“我们许多人都带着早年识字学习经历留下的创伤与伤痛”符合语境，具体说明这些情感的来源，同时引出下文写下这些情感的好处。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asuddentrafficaccidenttookmyhusbandfromus.Hugo,myeight-year-oldson,____21____bytrashinghisroombeforefinallylettingtearflow.Meanwhile,he____22____anewfear—thefearofdeath.“Ican’tsleep.Iamthinkingaboutdeath,”hewouldsaywhenIcaughthislittlebodytightly____23____bystuffedtoys.Ifeltheartbrokenandjoinedahealinggroup,whereanunlikely____24____formed.Mysonbecameaninstant____25____ofDenis,an80-year-oldcancersurvivorwhenintroducedtohim.Fromthenon,thetwowouldaskfor____26____abouteachother—eventuallyashockingonethatDenis’cancer____27____.“Ishegoingtodie?”Hugoasked.“Yes,”Itoldhimgentlybutfirmly,feelingmythroat____28____alittle.Onourwaytothehospital,Hugoinsistedongettingagift.Astuffeddragon!Perfect,we____29____.Deniswas____30____andletHugohavehishospitalpudding.HeeveninvitedHugotoplaychess.“Ican’t,butyoucanteachme,”Hugoallowed.Fromthenon,wesetup____31____withDeniseverySunday.Theyatesnacks,playedchess,andtalkedaboutDenis’wildadventures.Denisnevermentionedhiscancer,andHugothoughthewaswell.____32____hewasn’t.Amonthlater,wegotacallsayingDenishadonlyhoursleft.After____33____,wedecidedtorecordavoicemailforhim.“Haveanicetrip!”hesaidandlaughed____34____.Idon’tknowifmyson’ssleeplessnightswentawaybecauseofthosevisits,butwedidsettleintoournewlifeandHugowasnolongerworriedabout____35____.21.A.recovered B.responded C.resisted D.reflected22.A.developed B.emerged C.maintained D.fostered23.A.sheltered B.buried C.surrounded D.wrapped24.A.contract B.regulation C.routine D.bond25.A.partner B.fan C.sponsor D.supporter26.A.reports B.comments C.updates D.missions27.A.kickedin B.movedin C.brokeout D.cameback28.A.burning B.trembling C.contracting D.closing29.A.joked B.claimed C.remarked D.murmured30.A.awed B.amused C.ashamed D.confused31.A.appointments B.encounters C.games D.visits32.A.Except B.Furthermore C.Instead D.Besides33.A.pickingup B.speakingup C.hangingup D.takingup34.A.heartily B.uneasily C.deliberately D.steadily35.A.fear B.desertion C.departure D.death【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者儿子因父亲离世产生对死亡的恐惧，后与癌症老人Denis建立联系，逐渐走出恐惧。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的八岁儿子Hugo先是捣乱房间，最后才让眼泪流下来，以此作为回应。A.recovered恢复；B.responded回应；C.resisted抵抗；D.reflected反映。根据前文“Asuddentrafficaccidenttookmyhusbandfromus.”和后文“bytrashinghisroombeforefinallylettingtearflow”可知，此处表示儿子对父亲离世这件事以捣乱房间然后流泪的方式做出回应，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，他产生了一种新的恐惧——对死亡的恐惧。A.developed形成，产生；B.emerged出现；C.maintained维持；D.fostered培养。根据前文“Asuddentrafficaccidenttookmyhusbandfromus.

”和后文“anewfear—thefearofdeath”可知，总之的丈夫交通意外逝去后，儿子内心产生了新的恐惧，故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我紧紧抱住被毛绒玩具包围的小身体时，他会说：“我睡不着，我在想死亡。”A.sheltered庇护；B.buried埋葬；C.surrounded围绕；D.wrapped包裹。根据“bystuffedtoys”可知，儿子被毛绒玩具包围，故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到心碎，加入了一个治愈小组，在那里形成了一种不太可能的联系。A.contract合同；B.regulation规则；C.routine常规；D.bond联系。根据后文“Mysonbecameaninstant____ofDenis,an80-year-oldcancersurvivorwhenintroducedtohim.”可知，儿子和老人建立关系，所以此处表示在小组里形成了联系，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的儿子被介绍给80岁的癌症幸存者Denis时，他立刻成了Denis的粉丝。A.partner伙伴；B.fan粉丝；C.sponsor赞助商；D.supporter支持者。根据后文“Fromthenon,thetwowouldaskfor____abouteachother”可知，两人经常询问对方情况，所以此处表示儿子非常喜欢、崇拜这位老人，成了Denis的粉丝，故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，两人会询问关于对方的最新情况——最终得到了一个令人震惊的消息：Denis的癌症复发了。A.reports报告；B.comments评论；C.updates最新情况；D.missions任务。根据后文“abouteachother”可知，他们互相关心对方的近况，故选C。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.kickedin开始生效；B.movedin搬进；C.brokeout爆发；D.cameback回来，复发。根据后文“Ishegoingtodie?”可知，Denis的癌症复发了，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，”我温柔而坚定地告诉他，感觉喉咙有点发紧。A.burning燃烧；B.trembling颤抖；C.contracting收缩；D.closing关闭。根据前文““Yes,”Itoldhimgentlybutfirmly,feelingmythroat”可知，得知Denis癌症复发，作者心情沉重，喉咙发紧，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：太完美了，我们开玩笑说。A.joke开玩笑；B.claimed声称；C.remarked评论；D.murmured低语。根据上文“Astuffeddragon!Perfect”以及常识可知，买龙玩偶给患病老人有点荒诞，所以是轻松地打趣，故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Denis觉得很有趣，让Hugo吃了他的医院布丁。A.awed敬畏的；B.amused被逗乐的，觉得好笑的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.confused困惑的。根据后文“letHugohavehishospitalpudding”可知，Denis觉得很开心、有趣，故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我们每周日都去看望Denis。A.appointments预约；B.encounters遭遇；C.games游戏；D.visits拜访。根据后文“Theyatesnacks,playedchess,andtalkedaboutDenis’wildadventures.”可知，此处表示每周日都去看望Denis，setupvisits表示“定期探望”，故选D。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：可惜他并非如此。A.Except除了，只是；B.Furthermore此外；C.Instead相反；D.Besides此外。根据上文“Denisnevermentionedhiscancer,andHugothoughthewaswell.”和下文“hewasn’t”可知，前后是转折关系，Except在此表示“可惜、只是”，故选A。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：挂断电话后，我们决定给他录一段语音留言。A.pickingup捡起；B.speakingup大声说；C.hangingup挂断；D.takingup占据。根据前文“Amonthlater,wegotacallsayingDenishadonlyhoursleft.”和后文“wedecidedtorecordavoicemailforhim.“Haveanicetrip!””可知，通话结束后挂断电话，决定录语音留言，故选C。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“旅途愉快！”他说着，不安地笑了。A.heartily开心地；B.uneasily不安地；C.deliberately故意地；D.steadily稳定地。根据前文“Haveanicetrip!”以及语境可知，Denis即将去世，所以此处表示Denis笑声中带着不安或勉强，故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我儿子是否因为那些拜访而不再失眠，但我们确实适应了新生活，Hugo也不再担心死亡了。A.fear恐惧；B.desertion遗弃；C.de