甘肃庆阳某中学2025-2026学年高三下学期一模诊断英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1甘肃庆阳某中学2025-2026学年高三下学期一模诊断英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AComputerScienceforArtificialIntelligence(AI)ProgramoverviewThedemandforexpertiseinAIandmachinelearningisgrowingrapidly.Thisserieswillenableyoutotakethefirststepstowardunderstandingprogrammingbasessoyoucansolveimportantreal-worldproblemsandfuture-proofyourcareer.ThisprofessionalcertificateseriescombinesCS50’slegendaryIntroductiontoComputerSciencecoursewithanewprogramthattakesadeepdiveintotheconceptsandalgorithms(算法)atthefoundationofmodernartificialintelligence.ThisserieswillleadyouthroughthemostpopularundergraduatecourseatHarvard,whereyou’lllearnthecommonprogramminglanguages,thencarriesthatfoundationthroughCS50’sIntroductiontoArtificialIntelligencewithPython.Throughhands-onprojects,you’llgainexposuretothetheorybehindtopicsinartificialintelligence.Bycourse’send,studentsemergewithexperienceinlibrariesformachinelearningaswellasknowledgeofartificialintelligenceprinciplesthatenablethemtodesignintelligentsystemsoftheirown.TwocoursesinthisprogramCS50’sIntroductiontoArtificialIntelligencewithPython10-30hoursperweek,for7weeksLearntousemachinelearninginPythoninthisintroductorycourseonartificialintelligence.CS50’sIntroductiontoComputerScience6-18hoursperweek,for12weeksAnintroductiontotheintellectualenterprisesofcomputerscienceandtheartofprogramming.Whatyou’lllearn·Abroadanddeepunderstandingofcomputerscienceandprogramming·Graphsearchalgorithms·Reinforcementlearning·Machinelearning·Artificialintelligenceprinciples·Howtodesignintelligentsystems·HowtouseAIinPythonprogramsIndustryInsightsEmploymentofsoftwaredevelopersisprojectedtogrow24%from2016to2026,muchfasterthantheaverageforalloccupations.ThemedianpayaforsoftwaredevelopersintheUSin2018was$105,590peryear.1.Whoisthecourseintendedfor?A.Researchersfocusedonalgorithms. B.Learnersinterestedinpracticalscience.C.EmployersinterestedonlyinAIstrategy. D.IndividualsbeginningincomputerscienceandAI.2.Whatistheminimumtimerequiredtocompletethisprogram?A.70hours. B.72hours. C.142hours. D.216hours.3.Whatdoesthe“Industryinsights”sectionmainlyservetodo?A.Promotethespecificsoftwaretools. B.Explainthedetailedcurriculumoftheprogramme.C.Highlighttheprospectsinsoftwareindustry. D.Compareemploymentgrowthrates.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了哈佛CS50的人工智能计算机科学证书项目，含两门课程，教授编程与AI知识。课程时长明确，行业前景好，适合零基础入门者学习。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisserieswillenableyoutotakethefirststepstowardunderstandingprogrammingbasessoyoucansolveimportantreal-worldproblemsandfuture-proofyourcareer.(本系列将帮助您迈出理解编程基础的第一步，从而能够解决实际问题，并为您的职业生涯提供长远保障)”可知，该课程面向从事计算机科学和人工智能领域的初学者。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Twocoursesinthisprogram部分“10-30hoursperweek,for7weeks(每周10至30小时，持续7周)”、“6-18hoursperweek,for12weeks(每周6至18小时，持续12周)”可知，完成这个程序所需的最短时间是70小时。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据IndustryInsights部分“Employmentofsoftwaredevelopersisprojectedtogrow24%from2016to2026,muchfasterthantheaverageforalloccupations.(预计从2016年到2026年，软件开发人员的就业人数将增长24%，这一增长速度远高于所有职业的平均增长率)”可知，“行业洞察”这一部分的主要作用是强调软件行业的前景。故选C。BInaquietBeijinghutong,AhmedNasserAlAnziwatchedasastreetvendor(摊贩)completedasalewithasimplescanofaQRcode,abeep(哔哔声)andanodmarkingthetradedone.Forthe34-year-oldadministrativeemployeefromSaudiArabia,thatmomentcapturedthattechnologyissodeeplyintegratedintoChinathatitmakesdailylifeeffortless.HisjourneytoChinabeganmonthsearlier,underverydifferentcircumstances.DuringaseverefloodinSaudiArabia,AlAnziandtwofriendsrescuedtwoChineseengineersfromanoverturnedvehicleintherapidcurrent.Actingoninstinct,theysawonlypeopleinneed,notnationalities.Avideooftheirbraveactspreadwidelyonline,touchingheartsinbothcountries.InvitedtoChinaasaguest,AlAnziexperiencedthecountry’sprogressfirst-hand.InShenzhen,adronedeliveredcoffeedirectlytohishands—anexampleofadvancedinnovation.Onahigh-speedtrain,hefeltthesmooth,rapidtravelknownas“Chinesespeed”.Heobservedhowtechnology,frommobilepaymentstosharedbikes,makescitylifeefficientformillions.Beyondmoderndevelopments,AlAnzifeltChina’suniqueblendofoldandnew.WalkingthroughBeijing’sSanlitun,wheretraditionalcourtyardsstandbesidemodernbuildings,henoted,“There’saconfidenceherethatcomesfromknowingyourpastwhilebuildingtowardthefuture.”AwarmexchangeinaBeijingpark,whereretireestaughthimtoplaytheChineseyo-yo,becameacherishedmemory.“It’sthekindnessoftheChinesepeoplethatmadethisjourneyspecial,”hesaid.Throughouthisvisit,AlAnzilearnedsimpleChinesephraseslike“nihao(hello)”and“xiexie(thankyou).”Forhim,thistripwasaboutconnection,notrepayment.Hesaid,“Ihelpedtheirengineers;here,theysharedtheirculturewithme.”Whatstartedasaspontaneous(自发的)rescuebecameawindowintoapartnershipbuiltnotonlyonprojects,butonhumanconnection.AsAlAnzireflected,“Youhelpsomeone,andfindyourselfwelcomedintotheirworld.Thatishowtrustgrows.”4.HowdidAlAnzifeelaboutthestreetvendor'swayofcompletingthesale?A.Confusedbythenewtechnology.B.Curiousaboutthestreetvendor'slife.C.Shockedatthelackofhumaninteraction.D.Amazedathowtechnologysimplifiesdailylife.5.WhatinitiatedAlAnzi’sjourneytoChina?A.Atechnologyexhibitionvisit.B.Afloodrescuegesture.C.AvideoaboutmodernChina.D.Abusinessinvitation.6.WhatdoesAlAnzi’scommentonSanlituninBeijingreflect?A.HisinsightintoChina'sculturalcontinuity.B.Hispreferencefortraditionalarchitectures.C.Hiscuriosityaboutretirees’lifestyleinBeijing.D.HisimpressiononurbandevelopmentinChina.7.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainthemeofthetext?A.Chinesepeoplearewillingtosharetraditions.B.TechnologyistransforminglifestyleinChina.C.Kindnessandexchangebuildabondacrossnations.D.Internationalrescueeffortsdeservemoreattention.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了沙特阿拉伯的AhmedNasserAlAnzi因在洪水中救助中国工程师而受邀访华。他在华体验到中国的科技发展、文化融合与人民的友善，感受到跨国善意与交流搭建起的国家间纽带。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forthe34-year-oldadministrativeemployeefromSaudiArabia,thatmomentcapturedthattechnologyissodeeplyintegratedintoChinathatitmakesdailylifeeffortless.(对于这位来自沙特阿拉伯的34岁行政人员来说，那一刻让他意识到科技已深深融入中国，让日常生活变得轻松自如。)”可推知，AlAnzi对摊贩完成交易的方式感到惊讶于科技简化了日常生活。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“DuringaseverefloodinSaudiArabia,AlAnziandtwofriendsrescuedtwoChineseengineersfromanoverturnedvehicleintherapidcurrent.Actingoninstinct,theysawonlypeopleinneed,notnationalities.Avideooftheirbraveactspreadwidelyonline,touchingheartsinbothcountries.(在沙特阿拉伯的一次严重洪灾中，AlAnzi和两位朋友从湍急的水流中救出了两名中国工程师，他们从一辆翻倒的车辆中将他们救了出来。出于本能反应，他们只看到了需要帮助的人，而没有考虑国籍问题。他们英勇行为的视频在网上广泛传播，感动了两国人民的心。)”和第三段的“InvitedtoChinaasaguest,AlAnziexperiencedthecountry'sprogressfirst-hand.(作为嘉宾受邀来到中国后，AlAnzi亲身感受到了这个国家的飞速发展。)”可知，在沙特阿拉伯发生严重洪水期间，AlAnzi和两位朋友从急流中翻倒的车辆里救出了两名中国工程师，他作为嘉宾受邀来到中国，因此推断是洪水中的救援举动开启了AlAnzi的中国之行。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WalkingthroughBeijing’sSanlitun,wheretraditionalcourtyardsstandbesidemodernbuildings,henoted,“There’saconfidenceherethatcomesfromknowingyourpastwhilebuildingtowardthefuture.”(走在北京三里屯，传统四合院与现代建筑相邻而立，他指出：“这里有一种自信，源于铭记过去同时迈向未来。”)”可推知，AlAnzi对北京三里屯的评论体现了他对中国文化延续性的洞察。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。文章讲述了AlAnzi救助中国工程师，访华时又感受中国的文化与善意，结合最后一段“Whatstartedasaspontaneous(自发的)rescuebecameawindowintoapartnershipbuiltnotonlyonprojects,butonhumanconnection.(最初的自发救援，成为了一扇窗口，让人们看到伙伴关系不仅建立在项目之上，更建立在人与人的联系之上)”可推知，本文主旨是善意与交流搭建起跨国的纽带。故选C。CInastudy,theresearchersfoundthedeclinewasreducedbyabout15%-20%amongthosewhoeithervolunteeredformallyorhelpedininformalways,suchassupportingneighbors,family,orfriends.Thestrongestandmostconsistentbenefitappearedwhenpeoplespentabouttwotofourhoursperweekhelpingothers.“Everydayactsofsupport—whetherorganizedorpersonal—canhavelastingcognitive(认知的)impact,”saidSaeHwangHan,anassistantprofessorwholedthestudy.“Whatstoodouttomewasthatthecognitivebenefitsofhelpingothersweren’tjustshort-termimprovementsbutcumulativeovertimewithsustainedengagement,andthesebenefitswereevidentforbothformalvolunteeringandinformalhelping.Moderateengagementofjusttwotofourhourswasconsistentlylinkedtobenefits.”Tostudythesepatternsovertime,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromthenationalHealthandRetirementStudy.ThedatasetincludesarepresentativesampleofU.S.residentsoverage51,withinformationdatingbackto1998.Theresearchersaccountedforotherfactorsthatcanshapebothhelpingbehaviorandcognitivehealth,includingwealth,physicalandmentalhealth,andeducation.Evenafterconsideringthoseinfluences,cognitivedeclinetendedtoslowwhenpeoplestartedhelpingothersandcontinuedtodoso.Theresearchersarguetheseresultsstrengthenthecaseforthinkingaboutvolunteering,helping,andneighborhoodconnectionaspublichealthissues.Thismaybeespeciallyimportantlaterinlife,whenconditionstiedtocognitivedeclineandharm,aremorelikelytodevelop.Takentogether,thesefindingssuggesthelpingothersmaysupportbrainhealthinmorethanoneway.Associetiesageandconcernsaboutlonelinessgrow,theresultsalsosupportcontinuedeffortstokeeppeopleinvolvedinwaysthatletthemcontribute,evenaftercognitivedeclinehasbegun.“Olderadults,includingthoseinalowstateofhealth,oftencontinuetomakevaluablecontributionstothosearoundthem,”Hansaid,“andtheymayespeciallybenefitfrombeingprovidedwithopportunitiestohelp.”8.Whydoestheauthormention“supportingneighbors,family,orfriends”?A.Toexcludeacertaingroup. B.Toemphasizearelationship.C.Toprovideaclearexample. D.Toargueaspecificviewpoint.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cumulative”inparagraph2mean?A.Brieflylasting. B.Randomlyhappening.C.Instantlyoccurring. D.Graduallyincreasing.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchers’dataanalysis?A.Itreliedonrecentsurveydata. B.Itwasbasedonlong-termtrackingdata.C.Itfocusedoninformalhelpingacts. D.Itignoredkeypersonalcharacteristics.11.WhatisHan’sattitudetowardolderadultshelpingothers?A.Approving. B.Critical. C.Cautious. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项研究发现：无论是正式参与志愿服务，还是以非正式方式（如帮助邻居、家人或朋友）助人，都能减缓认知能力下降，且每周花2-4小时助人带来的益处最为显著和稳定。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inastudy,theresearchersfoundthedeclinewasreducedbyabout15%-20%amongthosewhoeithervolunteeredformallyorhelpedininformalways,suchassupportingneighbors,family,orfriends.(在一项研究中，研究人员发现，那些通过正式方式参与志愿服务或者以非正式方式（比如帮助邻居、家人或朋友）提供帮助的人，其认知能力下降幅度减少了约15%至20%。)”可知，作者提及“帮助邻居、家人或朋友”是为了提供一个清晰的例子。故选C。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“thecognitivebenefitsofhelpingothersweren’tjustshort-termimprovements(帮助他人所带来的认知方面的益处并非只是短期的改善)”和“overtimewithsustainedengagement(随着时间的推移以及持续的参与)”可知，帮助他人所带来的认知方面的益处并非只是短期的改善，随着时间的推移和持续的参与，这种改善是会累积的，cumulative意思是“累积的”，和graduallyincreasing意思相近。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThedatasetincludesarepresentativesampleofU.S.residentsoverage51,withinformationdatingbackto1998.(该数据集包含了51岁以上美国居民的代表性样本，其信息可追溯至1998年。)”可知，研究人员的数据分析是基于长期跟踪数据的，故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Olderadults,includingthoseinalowstateofhealth,oftencontinuetomakevaluablecontributionstothosearoundthem,”Hansaid,“andtheymayespeciallybenefitfrombeingprovidedwithopportunitiestohelp.”(“老年人，包括那些健康状况不佳的老年人，往往仍能为周围的人做出有价值的贡献，”Han说，“而且他们可能会特别受益于提供帮助的机会”)”可知，Han对于老年人帮助他人的行为持赞成的态度，故选A。DAteamledbytheUniversityofCambridgehaveengineeredasolar-powered“artificialleaf”thatcouldeventuallyhelpthisvitalindustrymoveawayfromfossilfuels.Theirbreakthroughinvolvesanewdevicethatbringstogetherlight-absorbingorganicpolymersandbacterialenzymes(酶)totransformsunlight,water,andcarbondioxideintoformate,acleanfuelthatcanpoweradditionalchemicalreactions.This“artificialleaf”copiesphotosynthesis(光合作用),thenaturalprocessplantsusetoturnsunlightintoenergyandoperatesentirelyonitsownpower.Unlikepreviousdesignsthatreliedonpoisonousorunstablelightabsorbers,thisnewmodelusesnon-poisonousmaterials,runsmoreefficiently,andremainsstablewithoutextraadditives.Thismarksthefirstinstancewherethesenon-poisonousmaterialshaveservedasthelight-catchingcomponentinsuchabio-hybridsystem,preparingforanewgenerationofeco-friendlyartificialleaves.Thechemicalindustryremainsacornerstoneoftheglobaleconomy,producingavastrangeofgoods—frommedicinestoplastics,paints,electronics,andcleaningagents.“Ifwe’regoingtobuildacyclic,sustainableeconomy,thechemicalindustryisabig,complexproblemthatwemustaddress,”saidProfessorErwinReisnerfromtheUniversityofCambridge’sYusufHamiedDepartmentofChemistry,wholedtheresearch.Testsshowedtheartificialleafproducedhighcurrentsandachievednear-perfectefficiencyindirectingelectronsintofuel-makingreactions.Thedevicesuccessfullyranforover24hours:morethantwiceaslongaspreviousdesigns.Theresearchersarehopingtofurtherdeveloptheirdesignstoextendtheservicelifeofthedeviceandadaptitsoitcanproducedifferenttypesofchemicalproducts.“We’veshownit’spossibletocreatesolar-powereddevicesthatarenotonlyefficientanddurablebutalsofreefrompoisonousorunsustainablecomponents,”saidReisner.“Thiscouldbeafundamentalplatformforproducinggreenfuelsandchemicalsinfuture—it’sarealopportunitytodosomeexcitingandimportantchemistry.”12.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheartificialleafdescribedinparagraph1?A.Toproducecleanfuel. B.Tocreatenewmaterials.C.Tocutcarbonemissions. D.Toabsorbmoresunlight.13.Whatmakestheartificialleafdifferentfromearlierdesigns?A.Itdependsoncostlyandrareadditives. B.Itcombinesnaturalandartificialmaterials.C.Itproduceselectricityandchemicalfuels. D.Itreliesonsaferandmoreefficientmaterials.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thedevicesarestilllackofefficiency. B.Thepotentialislimitedtolabapplications.C.Thetechnologymighthaveabrightfuture. D.Thematerialchoicemaybeamajorconcern.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MaterialsfromthePlantsLeaf B.SolarLeafforGreenChemistryC.FossilFuelsinChemicalIndustry D.SustainableChallengesinEconomy【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剑桥大学团队研发的一种新型“人造树叶”，它能利用太阳能将水与二氧化碳转化为清洁燃料，为化学工业摆脱化石燃料提供了新途径。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theirbreakthroughinvolvesanewdevicethatbringstogetherlight-absorbingorganicpolymersandbacterialenzymes(酶)totransformsunlight,water,andcarbondioxideintoformate,acleanfuelthatcanpoweradditionalchemicalreactions.(他们的突破涉及一种新设备，该设备将吸光的有机聚合物和细菌酶结合在一起，将阳光、水和二氧化碳转化为甲酸盐——一种可以为其他化学反应提供动力的清洁燃料)”可知，人造树叶的主要目的是生产清洁燃料。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlikepreviousdesignsthatreliedonpoisonousorunstablelightabsorbers,thisnewmodelusesnon-poisonousmaterials,runsmoreefficiently,andremainsstablewithoutextraadditives.(与以往依赖有毒或不稳定光吸收剂的设计不同，这种新型号使用无毒材料，运行效率更高，并且无需额外添加剂即可保持稳定)”可知，人造树叶与早期设计的不同之处在于它使用了更安全、更高效的材料。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We’veshownit’spossibletocreatesolar-powereddevicesthatarenotonlyefficientanddurablebutalsofreefrompoisonousorunsustainablecomponents.(我们已经证明，制造既高效又耐用，且不含毒害或不可持续成分的太阳能设备是可能的)”以及“Thiscouldbeafundamentalplatformforproducinggreenfuelsandchemicalsinfuture—it’sarealopportunitytodosomeexcitingandimportantchemistry.(这可能是未来生产绿色燃料和化学品的基础平台——这是一个做令人兴奋且重要的化学研究的真正机会)”可推知，这项技术前景光明。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“AteamledbytheUniversityofCambridgehaveengineeredasolar-powered“artificialleaf”thatcouldeventuallyhelpthisvitalindustrymoveawayfromfossilfuels.(剑桥大学领导的一个团队设计出了一种太阳能“人造树叶”，它最终可能帮助这个重要行业摆脱化石燃料)”以及后文对该设备工作原理、优势及意义的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了一种用于绿色化学的太阳能树叶。故B项“SolarLeafforGreenChemistry(用于绿色化学的太阳能树叶)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。People-centeredCareersthatMakeaDifferenceForstudentswhohopetomakeadifferenceintheworld,choosingtherightcareerisanimportantstep.____16____However,theyplayakeyroleinhelpingpeopleinneed.Workingwithyoungpeopleisameaningfulchoice.____17____Youthworkerscreateprogramstohelpthemgrow,learn,andstayoutoftrouble.Throughtheseprograms,youngpeoplegainskillsandconfidenceforabetterfuture.Socialworkersareanotherchoice.Theysupportindividualsfacingdifficultsituations,suchaspoverty,illness,orfamilyproblems.____18____Theywalkthroughcitystreets,visitshelters,andtalkwithpeoplelivingoutdoors.Buildingtrusttakestime,butonceit’sthere,theseworkerscanconnectthehomelesswithfood,housing,andmedicalservices.Theirworkhelpspeopletakethefirststepstowardrebuildingtheirlives.Forthoseleavingprison,returningtosocietycanbehard.Theymayfacejobloss,socialpressure,orlackoffamilysupport.____19____Withtheirhelp,formerprisonersgetasecondchanceatlifethroughtraining,housing,andemotionalsupport.Specialeducationisanotherfieldthatcallsforbothpatienceandcare.Theseteachersworkwithstudentswhofacelearningorphysicaldifficulties,offeringsupportthroughadaptedlessonsandkindencouragement.____20____Thesecareersmaynotalwaysbeeasy,buttheyoffersomethingvaluable:thechancetotrulychangelives.A.Fillouttheformonthispage.B.Somejobsmaynotbewell-known.C.Somepeoplefocusonhelpingthehomeless.D.That’swherecorrectionalserviceworkerscomein.E.Manyteenagersfacestressorlacksupportathome.F.Theanswercanvaryslightlyfrompersontoperson.G.Theirgoalistohelpeachchildgrowandmoveforward.【答案】16.B17.E18.C19.D20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍各类以人为本、帮扶他人的职业，阐述其意义与价值。【16题详析】根据下文“However,theyplayakeyroleinhelpingpeopleinneed.(然而，它们在帮助有需要的人方面发挥着关键作用。)”可知，空处应与下文构成转折关系，提及这类职业的特点，B选项“Somejobsmaynotbewell-known.(有些职业可能并不知名。)”既呼应上文choosingtherightcareer，又与下文playakeyrole形成转折，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据上文“Workingwithyoungpeopleisameaningfulchoice.(与青少年共事是有意义的选择。)”和下文“Youthworkerscreateprogramstohelpthemgrow(青少年工作者制定项目帮助他们成长)”可知，空处应说明青少年面临的问题，引出帮扶工作的必要性，E选项“Manyteenagersfacestressorlacksupportathome.(许多青少年面临压力或在家中缺乏支持。)”衔接上下文，符合语境。故选E项。【18题详析】根据下文“Buildingtrusttakestime,butonceit’sthere,theseworkerscanconnectthehomelesswithfood,housing,andmedicalservices.(建立信任需要时间，但一旦建立起来，这些工作者能为无家可归者对接食物、住房和医疗服务。)”可知，本段围绕帮扶无家可归者的职业展开，C选项“Somepeoplefocusonhelpingthehomeless.(有些人专注于帮助无家可归者。)”总起本段内容，符合语境。故选C项。【19题详析】根据上文“Forthoseleavingprison,returningtosocietycanbehard.(对于刑满释放人员来说，回归社会很难。)”和下文“Withtheirhelp,formerprisonersgetasecondchance(在他们的帮助下，刑满释放人员获得第二次机会)”可知，空处应介绍帮扶这类群体的职业，D选项“That’swherecorrectionalserviceworkerscomein.(这就是惩教服务工作者的职责所在。)”衔接上下文，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详析】根据上文“Theseteachersworkwithstudentswhofacelearningorphysicaldifficulties(这些老师帮助有学习或身体障碍的学生)”可知，空处应说明特殊教育老师的工作目标，G选项“Theirgoalistohelpeachchildgrowandmoveforward.(他们的目标是帮助每个孩子成长和进步。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AshritaFurmanisarecord-breaker.Inthelast40years,hehasestablishedmorethan600____21____!Asachild,Ashritaloved____22____theGuinnessBookofWorldRecords.Hewantedtobeinittoo.Buthethoughtpeoplehadtobegoodat____23____tobeinthebook.Hewasn’tagoodathleteandwas____24____hisdreamwouldnevercometrue.ButlaterAshritalearnedthatnothingis____25____.In1978,hetestedthis____26____byenteringabikeraceinNewYork.Withoutanytraining,Ashritacamethird!Hedidn’tloseheart.____27____,hestartedthinkingaboutbreakingrecords.First,he____28____tobreaktherecordforthemostjumpingjacks.Hefailedatfirst,but,rememberingthat“anythingispossible”,he____29____training.Thistime,hedid27,000jumpingjacksin6hours45minutesandbecamethenewrecordholder.His____30____appearedinthe1980GuinnessBookofRecords.Today,Ashritahasa____31____listofrecords,including:walkingthefurthestdistancewithabikeonhischin,cyclingthelongestdistancewithabottleonhisheadandlightingthemost____32____onabirthdaycake.Hesays,“Ichooseideaswhichare____33____,funandchildish!Ienjoypractisingandseeingmyprogress.”Hisfavouriterecordwas“thelongestdistanceonapogostick”.Ifyouwanttobreakaworldrecordtoo,Ashritagivesthis____34____.“Choosesomethingyouenjoyandyouneedtopractise.Don’t____35____.Yourmindwilltellyouthatsomethingisimpossible,butitisn’t.Ifsomeoneelsehasdonesomething,andyouworkhard,youcanmakeittoo!”21.A.companies B.organizations C.houses D.records22.A.designing B.publishing C.making D.reading23.A.swimming B.drawing C.sports D.language24.A.afraid B.confident C.grateful D.curious25.A.comfortable B.necessary C.important D.impossible26.A.machine B.tool C.idea D.information27.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Otherwise28.A.refused B.needed C.tried D.pretended29.A.stopped B.avoided C.enjoyed D.kept30.A.achievement B.contribution C.performance D.works31.A.new B.funny C.long D.strange32.A.candles B.fires C.boxes D.papers33.A.simple B.challenging C.friendly D.expensive34.A.method B.gift C.advice D.clue35.A.putout B.lightup C.giveout D.giveup【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了AshritaFurman如何从一个认为打破世界纪录需要擅长体育的孩子，成长为一位拥有600多项世界纪录的记录保持者的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的40年里，他创造了600多项纪录！A.companies公司；B.organizations组织；C.houses房子；D.records记录。根据前文“AshritaFurmanisarecord-breaker.”可知，AshritaFurman是一个破纪录者，所以此处指他创造了600多项纪录。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，Ashrita喜欢读《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。A.designing设计；B.publishing出版；C.making制作；D.reading阅读。根据后文“Hewantedtobeinittoo.”可知，他也想进入吉尼斯世界纪录，由此可知他小时候喜欢读《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他认为人们必须擅长运动才能进入这本书。A.swimming游泳；B.drawing画画；C.sports运动；D.language语言。根据后文“Hewasn’tagoodathlete”可知，他不是一个好的运动员，由此可知，他原本认为人们必须擅长运动才能进入吉尼斯世界纪录。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不是一个好的运动员，担心他的梦想永远不会实现。A.afraid害怕的，担心的；B.confident自信的；C.grateful感激的；D.curious好奇的。根据前文“Hewasn’tagoodathlete”以及后文“hisdreamwouldnevercometrue”可知，他不是一个好的运动员，所以担心他的梦想永远不会实现。故选A项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来Ashrita了解到没有什么是不可能的。A.comfortable舒服的；B.necessary必要的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。根据后文“hestartedthinkingaboutbreakingrecords”可知，他开始考虑打破纪录，由此可知，此处指他了解到没有什么是不可能的。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1978年，他通过参加纽约的一场自行车比赛来验证这个想法。A.machine机器；B.tool工具；C.idea想法；D.information信息。根据前文“nothingis____”可知，没有什么是不可能的，这是他的想法，所以此处指他通过参加自行车比赛来验证这个想法。故选C项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他没有灰心。相反，他开始考虑打破纪录。A.However然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据前文“Withoutanytraining,Ashritacamethird!”以及后文“hestartedthinkingaboutbreakingrecords”可知，他没有经过任何训练就获得了第三名，这让他没有灰心，相反开始考虑打破纪录，前后为转折关系，Instead符合语境。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，他试图打破最多开合跳的纪录。A.refused拒绝；B.needed需要；C.tried尝试；D.pretended假装。根据后文“Hefailedatfirst”可知，他一开始失败了，由此可知，此处指他试图打破最多开合跳的纪录。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一开始失败了，但记住“一切皆有可能”，他继续训练。A.stopped停止；B.avoided避免；C.enjoyed享受；D.kept继续。根据后文“Thistime,hedid27,000jumpingjacksin6hours45minutesandbecamethenewrecordholder.”可知，这一次，他成为了新的纪录保持者，由此可知，此处指他继续训练。故选D项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的成就出现在1980年的《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》中。A.achievement成就；B.contribution贡献；C.performance表演；D.works作品。根据前文“becamethenewrecordholder”可知，他成为了新的纪录保持者，由此可知，此处指他的成就出现在1980年的《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》中。故选A项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，Ashrita有一长串纪录，包括：下巴上顶自行车走得最远、头上顶瓶子骑自行车距离最长以及在生日蛋糕上点燃最多蜡烛。A.new新的；B.funny有趣的；C.long长的；D.strange奇怪的。根据后文“including:walkingthefurthestdistancewithabikeonhischin,cyclingthelongestdistancewithabottleonhisheadandlightingthemost12onabirthdaycake”可知，此处列举了他保持的多项纪录，由此可知，此处指他有一长串纪录。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，Ashrita有一长串纪录，包括：下巴上顶自行车走得最远、头上顶瓶子骑自行车距离最长以及在生日蛋糕上点燃最多蜡烛。A.candles蜡烛；B.fires火；C.boxes盒子；D.papers纸。根据后文“onabirthdaycake”以及生活常识可知，生日蛋糕上点燃的是蜡烛。故选A项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我选择有挑战性、有趣和幼稚的想法！我喜欢练习和看到自己的进步。”A.simple简单的；B.challenging有挑战性的；C.friendly友好的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据前文列举的他保持的多项纪录以及后文“funandchildish”可知，此处应填与“funandchildish”意义相近的词，来描述他选择打破纪录的想法的特点，challenging符合语境。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你也想打破世界纪录，Ashrita给出了这个建议。A.method方法；B.gift礼物；C.advice建议；D.clue线索。根据后文“Choosesomethingyouenjoyandyouneedtopractise.”以及“Yourmindwilltellyouthatsomethingisimpossible,butitisn’t.”可知，后文是Ashrita给出的建议。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要放弃。A.putout熄灭；B.lightup点亮；C.giveout分发；D.giveup放弃。根据后文“Yourmindwilltellyouthatsomethingisimpossible,butitisn’t.Ifsomeoneelsehasdonesomething,andyouworkhard,youcanmakeittoo!”可知，你的大脑会告诉你有些事情是不可能的，但事实并非如此，如果别人做了某事，而你努力工作，你也可以做到，由此可知，此处指不要放弃。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NieWeiping,oneofthemost___36___(influence)figuresinthemodernhistoryofWeiqi,passedawayinBeijingattheageof73onWednesday.Hisdaughter,Yunfei,confirmedthenewsinanobituary(讣告),describingherfather’slifeasalegenddefinedbypassionand___37___(optimistic).Nie’sprofessionalcareertookoffin1973whenhe___38___(select)forthenationaltrainingsquad.However,heisbestrememberedforhisdramaticperformanceinthe1980s.Atthattime,fewpeoplebelievedthatChinawouldwinbecauseitsplayers___39___(fall)behindJapanesecompetitors.ItwasNie’sturntoplayinTokyoin1985.Japan’stopplayerhadalreadywonsixstraightgamesbeforehewas___40___.NiewastheonlyChineseplayer___41___(leave)tofaceJapan’sthreehighestrankedplayers.Despitethepressure,hedefeatedallofthem,eventuallyseizingthechampionshipinBeijing.ThishistoricvictoryendedJapan’sdominanceandmadeNieanationalicon.Between1985and1987,Nieachieved___42___incrediblerunof11successivewins,___43___(help)theChineseteamg