广东某中学2025-2026学年高一第二学期期末英语试卷（含答案）

广东广雅中学2025-2026学年高一第二学期期末英语试卷

第一部分单项选择（共io小题，每小题1分，满分io分）

1.When___withunexpectedchallengesinourlife,we___loseconfidencebutkeepmoving

forward.

A.toface;won'tB.facing;can'tC.faced;shouldn'tD.beingfaced;mustn't

2.1willneverfbrgetmyteachers,in__lessonsIfoundthecourageiofollowmydreams,nor___

fbrgettheirencouragement,fbr___Iamforevergratcfi.il.

A.whose;willI;whichB.their;Ican;that

C.whose;shallI;themD.their;Ican;them

3.Onthewall__oldyettreasuredphotographsofmygrandfather,thesecondinourIhmily___

ourcountryasasoldier.

A.hangs;tohaveservedB.hang;toserve

C.ishanging;tobeseningD.hanging;sening

4.—Jack__hishomeworkathome.That'swhyhelookedsoworried.

—Really?Lastnighthetoldmethathe___itinthenextday.

A.couldhaveleft;handedB.musthaveleft;wouldhand

C.wouldhaveleft;shouldhandD.shouldhaveleft;couldhand

5.OnlyafterIarrivedattheuniversity__thewelcomeletter___totheadmissionnotice.

A.didIfind;attachingB.Ididfind;attached

C.Ididfind;attachingD.didIfind;attached

6.itwasnotuntilwccheckedintothehotel__myfatherhadvisitedbefore___wediscoveredthe

excellentservicesprovidedthere,freebreakfast___.

A./;where;includedB.that;when;tobeincluded

C.which;that;includedD.where;that;tobeincluded

7.thefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcontest,theboystoodcalmlyonthestageaspeople

cheered,anditwassurprisingthathe_solittleexcitement.

A.Winning;mustshowB.Winning;shallshow

C.Havingwon;couldshowD.Havingwon;shouldshow

8.bythesmiles______onthestudents'faces,theschoolfestivalwasagreatsuccess.

A.Judged;tospotB.Judging;spotted

C.Tojudge;spottingD.Judging;havingbeenspotted

9.Thenewsoftware,after__,willgivedesignersapowerfultool___theycancreate3Dmodels

easily.

A.islaunched;whichB.launched;onwhich

C.beinglaunched;withwhichD.tobelaunched;that

10.When__Oliviasetthegoalthat___hercareer?

A.wasitthat;wastochangeB.isitthat;willchange

C.wasitthat;waschangingD.isitthat;wouldchange

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每撅所洽的A、B、C、D四个诜项中诜出最佳诜项。

A

WHATISWINDCHILL?

Whenyoucheckthepredictedtemperature,youmaysometimesbegreetedwithtwovalues:

theairtemperatureandthe"feelslike^^temperature.Themaintemperaturevaluerepresentshowhot

orcoldtheairis,butthesecondtemperaturetakesthestrengthofthewindintoaccount.Called

windchill,thisvalueindicateshowtheairtemperaturewillfedonyourskinwhenyoustepoutside.

Whenthereismorewind,heatescapesfromyoumorequickly,loweringthewindchilltemperature.

Displayingthisvalueonforecastsmeansthatpeoplecanmakeamoreinformeddecisionon

whattowearandevenwhethertogooutside.Whenwindchillreducesthetemperaturefarinto

negativevalues,skintemperaturewilldecreaserapidly,followedbyyourinternalbodytemperature.

Thisincreasesthechancesofdevelopinghypothermia（体温过低）andfrostbite.

Windchillnutonlyimpactsliuinans,butoilieranimalsandplantsaswell.Inplants,windchill

stressesdon'tcomefromheatloss.Rather,windchillincreasesthemoisture（水分）lossfromleaves

anddriesouttheplant.Whetherit'sintheformofdryingorfreezing,windchillcalculationsshow

thegreatinfluenceofthewindonthetemperatureofyourenvironment.

Checkthischarttoseehowthewindaltersthetemperatureyourbodyfeels.

1WINDIMPACT230MINUTES3TENMINUTES4HIGHRISK

WhenwindreachesSkinexposedtowindForfrostbitetosetinInextremeclimates,

62milesperhourchilltemperatureswithintenminutes,justfiveminutesof

(1OOkph),anairneedstobeatleastastheairtemperatureskinexposurecan

temperatureoffivelowas-20degreesreachesatleast-50causefrostbite.

degreesCelsiuswillCelsiustoexperiencedegrees.

beginfeltbytheskinfrostbiteafterjusthalf

as-3degreesCelsius.anhour.

Windchillchart(Celsius)temperature(*C)

calm50-5-10-15-20-25-303Y0

-21-2^^

103-3-9-15-33-39T5-51

201-5-12-18-24-37-43Y9-56

300-7-13-20河-33-39-46-52-59

J-34

40-1-7-14-21-41-54-61

50-2-0-15-22F29-35-42^^-49-56-63

-302-37

60-2-9-16-43-50-574：-64

70-2-9-16-30-37-44-51-59-66

80-3-10-17-31-38-45-52-60-67

90-3-10-17-32尸-39-46-53-61-68

100-18-25F-32-40-47-54-61-69

windchidCQ=13.12+0.62157-11.37(^'*)+039657^1®)F=aiftemperatureCQ

frostbitetimes130minutes110minutes15minutesV=windspeed(kph)

11.Whatdocsincludingwindchillinforecastshelptodo?

A.Trackfrostbitecases.

B.Predictroadsafety.

C.Guideclothingchoices.

D.Judgewinddirection.

12.Whichsituationfallsintothe“5minutes**frostbitezone?

A.-30℃witha60km/hwind.

B.-35℃witha20km/hwind.

C.-15℃witha70km/hwind.

D.-10℃witha100km/hwind.

13.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablyappear?

A.Inaphysicstextbook.

B.Inaplant-carebrochure.

C.Inadailyweatherforecast.

D.Inapopularsciencemagazine.

B

Mr.Johnson,ahighschoolhistoryteacher,hadnoticedaworryingtrendinhisclassroom.

Whilehisstudentscouldcarefullyrememberdates,namesandeventsfbrexams,theyalwaysfailed

tounderstandthehumansideofhistory.Tothem,thepastseemedafixedsetoffacts,without

emotion,struggleorpersonalmeaning.Wantingtofixthisgap,Mr.Johnsondecidedtocompletely

changehisteachingwayinthemiddleofthesemester,tracingatraditionalresearchreportfbra

story-writingtask.

Heaskedhisstudentstopickahistoricalfigureandwriteastoryfromhisorherperspective.

Thetaskwasconfusingatfirst,butsoontheclassroomwasfullofactivequestionsanddiscussion.

OnestudentlearneddeeplyaboutthelifeofayoungsoldierinWorldWarI,writingasadand

movingstoryofthemud,fearandfragilefriendshipinthetrenchlines.Anothertoldthestoryofa

femalescholarfromtheRenaissance,makingupataleofherloveforlearningbeingheldbackby

socialrules.Thethoroughresearchandcreativecarefbrhowthefigurefeltthatthestudentsshowed

wasamazing.

Mr.Johnsonwassurprisedbythebigchangeinhisstudents.Theessayshegotwerenotjust

correct;theywerefiillofrealfeelingsandaclearunderstandingofpeople,sthoughts.Thestudents

hadstoppedjustrepeatingfactsandtrulyconnectedwithhistory,seeinghistoricalfiguresaspeople

withmanydifferentsidesinsteadofjustnamesfromalongtimeago.Inlaterclasstalks,their

questionschangedfrom“Whathappened?^^to"Whydidtheyfeelthatway?”and“WhatwouldI

havedone?”.Thisstory-writingmethoddidn'tjusthelpthemrememberfactsbetter;itbuiltuptheir

abilitytothinkdeeplyandtheirrealcarefbrhowothersfelt.

Inspiredbythissuccess,Mr.Jolnisoiihasnowmadeslury-lcllingaregularpariofhislubsuns.

Hebelievesthatwhenstudentslearntoexperiencehistorythroughstory-telling,theydomorethan

justrememberit——theystarttounderstanditslong-lastingeffectsontheirownlivesandwhatit

meanstobehumaningeneral.Inhisclassroom,historyisnolongerjustasubjectaboutthepast;it

hasbecomeatalkwiththepast.

14.WhatwasMr.Johnson'sinitialproblemwithhisstudents?

A.Iheypreferredscienceoverhistory.

B.Theywerenotinterestedinhistoryatall.

C.Theycouldnotmemorizehistoricalfacts.

D.Theylackedemotionalconnectiontohistory.

15.HowdidMr.Johnsonchangehisteachingmethod?

A.Hegavestudentsmorefact-basedresearchpapers.

B.HeguidedstudentstowriteinpastfiguresJvoice.

C.Heshowedmorehistoricaldocumentarieswithfacts.

D.Heinvitedhistorianstogivelecturesinhisclassroom.

16.Whatdidthestudents'essaysdemonstrateafterthenewassignment?

A.Theycontainedmoredatesandfactsthanbefore.

B.Theyshowedbettermcrriorizationofhistoricalevents.

C.Theywereshorterbutmoreaccuratethanpreviouswork.

D.Theyreflectedemotionalunderstandingandpersonalinsight.

17.Whatisthemainmessageofthetext?

A.Historyshouldvaluefactsoveremotions.

B.Historyshouldbetaughtthroughstorywriting.

C.Historyismorethanfacts—it'shumanstories.

D.Studentsshouldaskquestionswhenlearninghistory.

C

Fromanairplane,carsmovingslowlyonthehighwaycloselyarelikealineofants.Unlike

thesehuman-drivenvehicles,however,antsareabletoavoidthedisappointingstop-and-gotraffic

thattroublesdailycommutes（通勤）.Researchershavethereforeturnedtheirattentiontostudying

theants'teamwork-basedbehaviors,hopingtoapplytheseideastoprogrammingselfdrivingcars

dialcanpreventIraffiujams.

Asthenumberofcarsonhighwayskeepsgrowing,thetrafficflowgraduallyslowsdown.

Studiesshowthatwhenthedensity（密度）reaches15vehiclespermileperlane（车道），asingle

driver'ssuddenstopcangiverisetolong-lastingandwidespreadtrafficjams.ScientistKatsuhiro

Nishinari,amathematicalphysiciststudyingtraffictransitions,comparesthisphenomenor.toa

phasetransition,suchaswaterturningintoice.Evensmallindividualactionsinsuchsituationscan

quicklydevelopintomajortratticissues.

KatsuhiroNishinari'spreviousresearchhasalreadyshownthatfbod-seekingantscankeep

smoothmovementevenwhentheirpopulationdensityisveryhigh.Arecentfbllow-upstudyhas

uncoveredtheyusuallytravelingroupsof3to20individuals,movingatsteadyspeedswithproper

gapsbetweeneachotherandneverattemptingtoovertake.Theirbehaviordependsontheir

teamworkratherthanindividualpreferences.

Thiscollectiveintelligenceoffersalessonforhumandriverstoday.Onekeytakeawayisto

avoidlailgaiing.Keepingasafedistancefromthevehicleaheadhelpsabsorbtheshockwaves

causedbysuddenbrakingindensetraffic—asimplepracticethatconsidersthesmoothflowofthe

wholefirstinsteadofindividualhurry.Ofcourse,antshavethsnaturaladvantageofcreatingflexible

paths,whilecarsareboundtofixedlanes.Buttheprincipleofkeepingproperspacingremains

importantfbrsafetyandefficiency—onourroads.

Lookingahead,therealchangemaycomefromtechnology.AsKatsuhiroNishinaripointsout,

“Unlikehumandriverswhooftenactindependently,futuresefdrivingcarscouldbedesignedto

sharereal-timedataandfunctionasanintegratedsystem.MInspiredbyants,thesevehiclescan

upgradetrafficflowasacooperativesystem,potentiallyrequiringupdatestoexistingrulestofully

realizetheirbenefits.

18.Whatcancausewidespreadhighwaytrafficjamsdirectly?

A.Atotalof15carspermile.

B.Thespeed-upofthecars.

C.Antbehaviorsaffectingdriving.

D.Asuddenstopatacertaindensity.

19.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtherecentfbllow-upstudyinparagraph3?

A.Tocompareantswithhumandrivers.

B.TopuinlafingeralpresentIraffiurules.

C.Toexplainthemathbehindtrafficjams.

D.Todetailhowantsachievesmoothmovement.

20.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordi>tailgatingMprobablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Drivingtooclosetothefront.

B.Keepingaproperdistance.

C.1ryingtoovertakecarsinfront.

D.Changinglanestoofrequently.

21.WhatisKatsuhiroNishinari'ssuggestionfbrant-inspiredself-drivingcars?

A.Redesigningrulesfbrallselfdrivingvehicles.

B.Actingasoneunittomanagetrafficflowswell.

C.Gatheringdatatoanalyzeroadconditionsftilly.

D.Upgradingroadstoensureoveralldrivingsafety.

D

Thepotato:Mashit,bakeit,fryit...Nomatterhowyoudealwithit,thepotatoisthevery

exampleofallthatisordinary.Andyetithaslongharboredamystery.Scientistsfindthatcertain

genes（基因）suggestedthatpotatoesweremorecloselyrelatedtotomatoes,whileothergenesgave

theimpressionthatpotatoesandEtubcrosum（茄科植物）hadthecloserrelationship.Whichone

wasit?

AnewstudyinCellofferstheanswer.ResearchersledbybotanistSandyKnappdiscovered

thatthepotatogenesoriginatedintheAmericaswhereanancienthybridizingeventbetweenthe

ancestorsoftomatoesandEtuberosumtookplacearound9millionyearsago.Thisiswhenthe

AndesMountainswereforming.Thisrarehybridizationcreatedanewplantwithauniqueability

thatneitherofitsparentplantshas:formingundergroundtubers（thepartwceat）."They'reaway

fbraplanttostorestarch（淀粉）,"Knappsays,“and,inaway,surviveseasonswhicharcnotgood

fbrgrowing75

Understandingthepotato'sorigins,specificallythekeygenesreceivedfromeachparentgroup

thatcontroltuberfonnation,opensnewpossibilities.t4WecanusethetomatoorEtuberosumto

perhapsdosomegeneticengineeringtoimprovethepotato,MKnappsays.Onesuchimprovement

wouldenablefarmerstogrowpotatoesresistanttopests,achangingclimate,andother

ciiviroiiiiiciilalchallenges.Simplypul,'Ficlomalucanbethefulurcofihupulalo,“saysZhiyang

Zhang,aplantgeneticsPh.D.studentandaleadresearcheronthestudy.

Theoriginofpotatoesoffersmuchfoodfbrthought.Youhadtwothingsandsomething

completelydifferentemerged.Throughhybridization,youcangeneratemanynewcombinationsin

ashorttime.Andyoucangeneratemorespeciestoadapttochangeableenvironments.

“Hybridizationisarealforceinevolutionthatallowsfbrthereleaseofvariation,Knappexplains.

“Ofcourse,notallhybridizingeventshaveproducedresultsaswildlysuccessfulasthepotato.But

we'requiteluckyinthiscasethatthisoneworked.”

22.Whatremaineduncertainaboutpotatoesatfirst?

A.Theirgeneticorigin.

B.Theirplainlook.

C.Theirvariousrelatives.

D.Theirseningmethods.

23.Whatcanundergroundtubersfunctionas?

A.Theplantholder.

B.Anewparentplant.

C.Anutritionprovider.

D.Theseasonindicator.

24.Whatcanbeinferrediroinparagraph3?

A.Potatoeswouldbeingreaterneed.

B.Potatoeswouldbemoreadaptable.

C.Thefarmingapproachgoesgreener.

D.Thegeneticengineeringisimproving.

25.WhatdocsKnappthinkofhybridization?

A.Ithelpscreatediversespecies.

B.Itssuccessreliesonluck.

C.Itsoperationiseasytolearn.

D.Itisworthapplyingworldwide.

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最住选项。选项中有两项为多氽选

项。

Booksoftenstruggletoengagemodemreaders,andthiscanbeespeciallytruefornonfiction.

Formanypeople,il'slessexcitingandlessemotionalthanfiction.However,theproblemmaynot

bewithnonfiction,buthowtheyreadit.

Somepeoplestartanonfictionbookbutquitafterreadingafewchapters.Theyreadprobably

becausesomeonegivesthemthebookoreveryoneisreadingit.Ihat'snothelpfultostayma

committedrelationshipwithnonfiction.___26Nomatterwhatyoursis,writeitdownbefore

startingtoread.It'llprepareyourmindonwhattolookfbrinthatbook.

Ifyou'realreadyafictionreader,startwithnarrativenonfiction,whichcarriesastrong

storytellingelement.Thiskindofwritingissoengagingthatyoumayalmostfbrgetthestorybeing

toldisfactual.___27___However,ifyoustillfeelburdenedbyanentirebook,ananthology（选集）

mightbeaperfectsolution.Ascollectionsofshorterpieces,anthologiesaimtobringtogetherthe

bestwritingonaparticularsubject.___28___Onceyou'redrawnin,you'llfindmoretoread.

___29___Forthosewhopreferhighlightingandtakingnotes,aphysicalbookmaybeanice

choice.Incontrast,e-booksareidealifportability（便携性）ortheabilitytoadjustthetextareyour

priorities.Ilowever,ifyou'realreadyalistenertononfictionrecordedprograms,audiobooksmight

betheperfectfitfbryou.

Readingnonfictioncanbechallenging,butrememberthere'salwaysabookonthetopicthat

interestsyou.Itmaybeabouthistoricaleventsthatshapeourlivesorstorieswheretruthoutshines

fiction.___30___

A.Soitrequiresapersonalinsightintothebook.

B.Someofthepiecesaresuretograbyourinterest.

C.It'sanaturalbridgebetweenfictionandnonfiction.

D.Instead,youshouldhaveaclearobjectiveofreading.

E.Readinghabitsaffectourselectionsofnonfictiontopics.

F.Choosingsuitablefbmisisalsokeytoenjoyingnonfiction.

G.Whicheveritis,thetimespentonnonfictioncanberewarding.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最住选项。

Asatalkativetourguide,Ialwaysseemtohavesomethingtosay,enjoyingsharingmyown

experiences.ItakenotesnomatterwhereIgo—museums,lectures,tours—collectingallthefacts

to___31___later.SowhenIcruisedtoGreenland,Iarrivedwithmyusual___32___fbrcollecting

stories,completelyunpreparedfbrthelessonIwouldreceiveon___33___.

InNuuk,ImetTina,anInuitculturalist.Shespokewithpurposeandcompassion,intentionally,

butnot___34___.1hroughIma,1learnedthatInuitpeopledon'tsimply___35___silence—they

embraceit.Sherecalledherlargefamilysittingtogetherfbrhours,wordlesslyenjoyingeachother's

__36___,orsummersspentabsorbingthesoundsofbirdsandcreekswithoutfeelingtheneedto

—37_.

Untilthen,Ihadbeenconstantly___38___facts,ta'kingtoeveryoneand___39___my

reputationasachatterbox.Icouldn'tstopaskingTinaquestions,whichseemedto___40___her

patience.Gradually,asIlistenedtoTina,IstartedtowonderwhatIhadbeenmissing.Forthefirst

time,Ibegantopayattention—notjusttowords,buttowhatwasnotbeingsaid.Inthefollowing

daysonthecruise,Iattemptedto___41___invitationstotalk.Sometimesasmileandnodwould

workasa(n)___42___response.

Later,whileleadingmyowntours,Istilloccasionallyreliedonmytitleoftourleaderasan

excuseto___43___aconversation.But,sometimes,beforeIspoke,Iaskedmyself,uWhatwould

Tinado?”andcarefullytookinwhatwassaidbeforeofferingaresponse.Ididn'tbecomeabrand-

newpersonovernight,butiheGreenlandexperiencedid___44___howIengagewiththeworld,

thankstoTina,whotaughtmetotreasurethenewfoundvalueofsilenceand___45___.

31.A.shareB.createC.publishD.memorize

32.A.methodsB.passionC.requirementD.arrangemsnt

33.A.recordingB.touringC.heritageD.silence

34.A.quicklyB.loudlyC.frequentlyD.casually

35.A.avoidB.reduceC.tolerateD.select

36.A.presenceB.appearanceC.perfbnnanceD.ignorance

37.A.appreciateB.commentC.reflectD.leave

38.A.documentingB.viewingC.downloadingD.confinning

39.A.makingupfbrB.gettingridofC.lookingdownonD.livingupto

40.A.wasteB.huldC.tryD.reward

41.A.welcomeB.refuseC.extendD.postpone

42.A.effectiveB.potentialC.formalD.distinctive

43.A.recallB.interruptC.encourageD.control

44.A.implyB.addressC.decideD.change

45.A.obseningB.speakingC.listeningD.thinking

第二节(共1。小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ashortsoftbrushconnectedtoalonghardhandle,bothvigorousandgentle—asimple

Chinesewritingbrushcanexpressthemostcomplexideas.Ittakesgenerationsofcraftsmen's

devotion___46___(create)suchexquisitetoolsthatachievebothtechnicalexcellenceandspiritual

___47___(free),allowingforlimitlesscreativityandendlessvariation.

Abrushcanrevealadot,aline,thesun,mountains,riversandeverj-thingpeoplecansensein

theworld,___48___thinorthick,bigorsmall,concreteorabstract.

Perhapsitisoneofthefewtoolsinventedbyhumans___49___arebothpracticalandrichin

symbolicmeaningsovermillennia(数千年).Itnotonlyconveyedcommonpeople'scareand

emotionsbutalsorecordedhistory.___50___(express)thoughtsandcreatedthefinestartand

literature,greatly___51___(influence)thedevelopmentofChinesecivilization.

InhisbookHuzhouWritingBrushandChineseCulture,___52___(publish)byPeking

UniversityPressin2010,MaQingyunquotesZhouRuchang(1918-2012),___53___respected

scholar,poetandcalligrapher,assaying:“___54___thewritingbrush,Chinesecharacterscouldnot

haveundergonetheirevolution,nottomentiontheartofpainting.Theirforms,structures,writing

methods,functionsandartisticeffectswouldnotpossiblyhavereachedthecurrentstate.___55

(ultimate),thewritingbrushdeterminesthevariousformsofdocuments,suchasbooks,records,

letters,andfiles.n

第四部分课本基础知识(共两节，满分25分)

第一节单词填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

根据括号内的提示(中文意思/原形)，用B3U3-U5,XB1U1及GlobalReading合刊单词的正

确形式填空。

56.Peopledon'tliketoaskquestionsfbrfearofappearing(ignore).

57.Tlicii(argue)soundsreasonable,butilneedsmoivevidencelusupportil.

58.Thecompanycannotusecustomers,personalinformationwithouttheir(permit).

59.Hehas(regular)workinghours,soit'shardtoplandinnerstogether.

60.Thebiggest(limit)ofthisstudyisthesmallnumberofparticipants.

61.Hehasnot(seek)medicaltreatmentfbrhiscondition.

62.Theactorsdesignedanewscene(以..为基础)onanaudiencesuggestion.

63.1hemuseum(建立)intheearlytwentiethcenturyattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

64.Greatchangeshave.（发生）inpeople'slifestyleswiththedevelopmentoftechnology.

65.Environmentalgroupsareexpressing（谨慎的）optimismtheareacanbeprotectee.

66.缺（乏）inconfidence,shewasafraidtospeakinpublic.

67.AmericanEnglishis（有区另U的）fromBritishEnglishinpronun