天津市和平区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三年级第二次质量调查英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市和平区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三年级第二次质量调查英语试卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Soyoudidn’twatchtheconcertlastnight?—________.Iarrivedhalfwaythroughit.A.Notlikely B.Notalittle C.Notatall D.Notexactly【答案】D【详析】句意：——所以你昨晚没看音乐会？——不完全是。我到的时候，它已经进行到一半了。A.Notlikely不见得；B.Notalittle很多；C.Notatall一点也不；D.Notexactly不完全是。根据答语可知，到的时候，音乐会已经进行到一半了，因此并没有完全没看昨天的音乐会。2.ThereislittlesignthatIranandtheUShave________theirdifferences.A.resolved B.restored C.revised D.released【答案】A【详析】句意：几乎没有迹象表明伊朗和美国已经解决了分歧。A.resolved解决；B.restored恢复，修复；C.revised修订，复习；D.released释放，发布。搭配differences表示“化解分歧”，需用resolved。3.Figuringout________thekeytosuccessliescanchangeyourlife.A.that B.where C.which D.what【答案】B【详析】句意：弄清楚成功的关键所在能够改变你的人生。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句主干完整，缺少地点含义的状语，表达“在于何处”，需用连接副词where引导。4.Thetwofriendstalkedforhoursandproposed________wishtotravelaroundtheworldtogether.A.ashared B.asharing C.tosharea D.tosharinga【答案】A【详析】句意：这两位朋友交谈了数小时，并提出了一起环游世界的共同愿望。此处修饰名词wish需用形容词，shared作形容词表“共同的、共享的”；asharedwish为固定表达，意为“共同愿望”。5.Withpleasantflavorsandscents,and________inavarietyofcolors,fruitandherbalteasmakeanicechangetotraditionalteas.A.comes B.coming C.hascome D.came【答案】B【详析】句意：花果茶口味怡人、香气宜人，且色彩丰富多样，与传统茶饮相比，别有一番风味。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词come与逻辑主语fruitandherbalteas是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。6.Inthebanquethall,whereawedding________,someofthegroom’sfriendswerebusywelcomingtheguests.A.willbeheld B.washolding C.wastobeheld D.hadheld【答案】C【详析】句意：在即将举办婚礼的宴会厅里，新郎的一些朋友正忙着迎接宾客。此处wedding与hold为被动关系，排除B、D；主句为一般过去时，空格表示过去将来的动作，betodo可表计划将要发生的事，所以谓语动词为wastobeheld。7.Weweretestingvarioussolutionswhenwe________asimplebutperfectone.A.hitupon B.cameup C.metwith D.occurredto【答案】A【详析】句意：我们正在测试各种解决方案，这时偶然发现了一个简单但完美的方案。A.hitupon表示“偶然发现；突然想到”，强调在尝试过程中意外找到解决方案或想法，符合语境；B.cameup表示“出现；被提出”，通常作不及物动词短语，若要表示“提出想法”，需搭配with，即cameupwith，单独使用不符合语法，排除；C.metwith表示“遇到；遭受”，通常用于描述遇到困难、反对等，如metwithdifficulties，不符合“找到解决方案”的语境，排除；D.occurredto表示“被想到；出现在脑海中”，主语通常是想法或主意，如Itoccurredtomethat...，不能以we作主语，排除。句子前半部分Weweretestingvarioussolutions和后半部分asimplebutperfectone，说明句子要表达的是“在测试过程中偶然发现了完美方案”，hitupon最能体现这种“意外发现”的过程，符合语境。8.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatime________itisinserioustrouble.A.since B.when C.if D.that【答案】B【详析】句意：解开帝王蝶能力之谜的答案，恰恰是在其面临严重困境之时出现的。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词time是时间，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句。9.Someexercisesappeartobe________onesthatyouhavedone,butaftertaking________secondlook,youwillfindthattheyaredifferent.A./;the B.the;the C.the;a D./;a【答案】C【详析】句意：有些练习题看似是你做过的那些题目，但再看一眼，你就会发现它们并不一样。第一空特指“你做过的题目”，用定冠词the；第二空asecondlook为固定搭配，表示“再看一眼”。10.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret________someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.as B.until C.while D.when【答案】D【详析】考查固定句型。句意：他正要告诉我那个秘密，这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。beabouttodo...when...“正要……，这时……”为固定句型，用来表示某人正准备做某事时，这时突然发生了另一件事，此处的when是并列连词的用法，相当于andthen，故选D。11.Wespottedasmallboat________asthesunbegantoset.A.atadistance B.inthedistance C.fromthedistance D.byadistance【答案】B【详析】句意：当太阳开始西沉时，我们远远地看到了一艘小船。A.atadistance有一些距离；B.inthedistance在远处；C.fromthedistance从远处；D.byadistance以显著差距。由Wespottedasmallboat可知，此处表示“那艘船在远处”，空格处意为“在远处”。12.Weshouldkeeptheadvantagesoftraditionaleducationwhileembracinginnovation.Wemustn’t________.A.bravetheelements B.haveafrogintheirthroatC.killtwobirdswithonestone D.throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater【答案】D【详析】句意：我们应保留传统教育的优势同时接纳创新，我们切忌不分好坏全盘否定。A.bravetheelements不畏恶劣天气；B.haveafrogintheirthroat喉咙发紧、声音嘶哑；C.killtwobirdswithonestone一石二鸟；D.throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater不分良莠全盘抛弃。根据前文“Weshouldkeeptheadvantagesoftraditionaleducation”可知，我们要保留优势、接纳创新，所以，不能盲目舍弃原有事物。13.Althoughmanypeopleviewrulesasrestrictions,westillneedthem________wecanmaintainorderandprotecttheweak.A.bywhich B.towhich C.inthat D.sothat【答案】D【详析】句意：尽管很多人将规则视作束缚，但我们依旧需要它们，以便维持秩序、保护弱势群体。结合句意，此处引导目的状语从句，sothat意为“以便；为了”，符合语境。14.Aboutamonthago,abrochureaboutyourhotelwasrequested,butI________ityet.A.didn’treceive B.haven’treceived C.don’treceive D.amnotreceiving【答案】B【详析】句意：大约一个月前我索要了贵酒店的宣传册，但至今仍未收到。receive(收到)作分句谓语，yet为现在完成时标志词，表迄今为止未发生的动作，用现在完成时态。15.Allpassengers________gothroughsafetychecksbeforeboardingtheplane,accordingtotheairportregulations.A.may B.will C.shall D.can【答案】C【详析】句意：根据机场的规定，所有乘客在登机前都必须接受安全检查。A.may可能；B.will将会；C.shall应，必须（用于法律、规则）；D.can能够。由accordingtotheairportregulations可知，空格处用shall表示按照法律或者规则必须做某事。第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31—50题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。OneFridaymorninglastOctober,IdrovedownfromsouthLondonBrixtontoSomerset.Itwasoneofthoseautumndayspeopleanticipateinastickysummer.Thesceneryalongthewaywas____16____.Treesfilledintheshadecard(配色样)betweenlightgreenanddarkreddishbrown,withbirds____17____overhead.Irealizedwhatmotivatedpeopleto____18____theracetolivemorerurally.AfterafewwetweeksinLondon,autumnjustseemedbetterouthere.I’vespentthepast15yearslivingincitieswhereIfeelmostathomeandcomfortable.Yetevenincities,IhavefoundthatnatureissomethingI____19____withdaily.BeforeImovedtoBrixton,welivedinaflatsurroundedbyasmallwoodland.Therewasadawnchorussoloudthatwakingupat5a.m.was____20____.Watchingthebirds-breakfastingofthebluetitsorthedarting(窜上窜下)ofthenuthatch-becameasoapoperaIwasdeeply____21____.InBrixton,though,allIcouldhearwastrafficandtheloudmusicfromnearbybars.Citiesaren’t,traditionally,strongholdsofnaturalism.ItwasalwaystruefromWilliamBlake’sdarkmills(磨坊)tocontemporary____22____thatfound11millionpeopleinEngland,almostentirelyin____23____areas,havetowalkatleasttenminutestofindgreenspace.NowstandinginthatnewgardeninBrixton,____24____thebirdsong,Iknewthatmadesense.AndIknewnaturewasthere—Ijustneededto____25____it.Ittookmeawhiletomakefindingitanactivepractice.ThenIfounditonabalcony,fournorth-facingstoreysuponahillinCamberwell.Thebalconyhadagood____26____:allofLondon’sshiningbuildingsbeneathhighskieswhosecolorsandclouds____27____bytheminute.Itwassosmallthatyouhadtolook____28____.Itisa(n)essentialpartofenjoyingnature,____29____youfindit.Tobeoutonthebalconyallowedmeto____30____intothingsthatwerebiggerthanmycareer,myrelationshipormyverysenseofself.Somehowcitynatureseemstobeevenmorevitalandbeautifulthanitisinthecountryside.HoneymadebyLondonbeestastesdeliciousbecausetherearesomanydifferentflowersto____31____.Everyplantherearrivedwithastory.Wildivy(常春藤)climbsfreelyover____32____wallsandbrokenfences.Itstinyseedsarecarriedfarand____33____bythewindstirredup(激起,挑起)bypassingvehicles.Autumndid____34____inLondonintheend.AfewweeksafterSomerset,Isawtheredmapleleavesinastreet.AsIcycledthroughBurgessParkunderpinkskies,Isawdogssurroundedbymist.Andonemorning,lookingoutatthegarden,Isawbirdsthere:twoblackbirds,asparrowandacoupleofrobins.Ournaturehereis____35____,butnolessbeautiful.16.A.splendid B.distant C.vague D.familiar17.A.feeding B.circling C.migrating D.screaming18.A.getinto B.givein C.dropoutof D.drawback19.A.compete B.engage C.share D.work20.A.affordable B.comfortable C.inevitable D.suitable21.A.keenon B.movedby C.scaredof D.caredabout22.A.response B.statistics C.phase D.dilemma23.A.ordinary B.regular C.rural D.urban24.A.enjoying B.hearing C.missing D.recording25.A.lookfor B.seeto C.thinkof D.workon26.A.feel B.reputation C.sign D.view27.A.changed B.remained C.disappeared D.waited28.A.suddenly B.closely C.directly D.outside29.A.whenever B.whatever C.however D.wherever30.A.break B.come C.tune D.turn31.A.fixon B.dineon C.surviveon D.preyon32.A.abandoned B.wooden C.firm D.ancient33.A.high B.fast C.wide D.slowly34.A.arrive B.display C.join D.stay35.A.average B.different C.distinguished D.universal【答案】16.A17.B18.C19.B20.C21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.A35.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了作者对城市与乡村自然美的感悟及对城市自然的热爱。【16题详析】考查形容词。句意：沿途的风景美不胜收。A.splendid壮丽的，极好的；B.distant遥远的；C.vague模糊的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据后文“Treesfilledintheshadecard(配色样)betweenlightgreenanddarkreddishbrown,withbirds______overhead”可知，树木在浅绿色和深红褐色之间填充了配色，鸟儿在头顶盘旋，沿途的风景很美。【17题详析】考查动词。句意：树木填满了浅绿与深红褐色之间的配色样，鸟儿在头顶盘旋飞舞。A.feeding喂养；B.circling盘旋；C.migrating迁徙；D.screaming尖叫。根据后文“overhead”以及常识可知，此处指鸟儿在头顶盘旋。【18题详析】考查动词短语。句意：我意识到是什么促使人们退出城市生活，选择更乡村化的生活方式。A.getinto进入；B.givein屈服；C.dropoutof退出；D.drawback后退。根据后文“theracetolivemorerurally”结合前文的美景描述可知，乡村生活更舒适惬意，人们退出城市激烈竞争去往乡村。【19题详析】考查动词。句意：然而，即使在城市里，我也发现自然是我每天都要接触的东西。A.compete竞争；B.engage参与，接触；C.share分享；D.work工作。根据前文“Ihavefoundthatnatureissomething”和后文“withdaily”、“welivedinaflatsurroundedbyasmallwoodland.Therewasadawnchorussoloudthatwakingupat5a.m.was______.Watchingthebirds-breakfastingofthebluetitsorthedarting(窜上窜下)ofthenuthatch-becameasoapopera”可知，作者每天都要接触自然。【20题详析】考查形容词。句意：清晨鸟鸣声格外喧闹，早上五点醒来是不可避免的。A.affordable负担得起的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.inevitable不可避免的；D.suitable合适的。根据上文“Therewasadawnchorussoloudthatwakingupat5a.m.was”可知，鸟鸣声很响亮，所以早上5点醒来是不可避免的。【21题详析】考查动词短语。句意：观看鸟儿吃早餐——蓝山雀或山雀的窜上窜下——成了我深深热衷的肥皂剧。A.keenon热衷于；B.movedby被感动；C.scaredof害怕；D.caredabout关心。根据上文“Watchingthebirds-breakfastingofthebluetitsorthedarting(窜上窜下)ofthenuthatch-becameasoapopera”可知，作者喜爱自然、观察鸟类，因此对此十分热衷。【22题详析】考查名词。句意：从威廉·布莱克的黑暗磨坊到当代的统计数据，这一直是事实，英格兰有1100万人，几乎全部在城市地区，必须步行至少10分钟才能找到绿地。A.response回应；B.statistics统计数据；C.phase阶段；D.dilemma困境。根据后文“thatfound11millionpeopleinEngland,almostentirelyin______areas,havetowalkatleasttenminutestofindgreenspace”可知，冒号后为具体数字信息，属于统计数据。【23题详析】考查形容词。句意同上。A.ordinary普通的；B.regular定期的；C.rural乡村的；D.urban城市的。根据上文“Citiesaren’t,traditionally,strongholdsofnaturalism.”和下文“havetowalkatleasttenminutestofindgreenspace”可知，必须步行至少10分钟才能找到绿地，说明是城市地区的人。【24题详析】考查动词。句意：现在，站在布里克斯顿的小花园里，想念着鸟鸣，我明白了这个道理。A.enjoying享受；B.hearing听见；C.missing想念；D.recording记录。根据前文“BeforeImovedtoBrixton,welivedinaflatsurroundedbyasmallwoodland.Therewasadawnchorussoloudthatwakingupat5a.m.was______.Watchingthebirds-breakfastingofthebluetitsorthedarting(窜上窜下)ofthenuthatch-becameasoapopera”和后文“thebirdsong”可知，作者在搬家到Brixton之前享受鸟鸣声，此处指到新的地点后想念着鸟鸣。【25题详析】考查动词短语。句意：我知道大自然就在那里——我只需要去寻找它。A.lookfor寻找；B.seeto负责，照料；C.thinkof想起；D.workon从事于。根据上文“AndIknewnaturewasthere—Ijustneededto”和“Ittookmeawhiletomakefindingitanactivepractice”可知，作者知道城市自然就在那里，不易察觉，需要主动去寻找发现。【26题详析】考查名词。句意：阳台有一个很好的视野：在高高的天空下，伦敦所有闪闪发光的建筑尽收眼底，天空的颜色和云朵每分钟都在变化。A.feel感觉；B.reputation名声；C.sign标志；D.view视野。根据后文“allofLondon’sshiningbuildingsbeneathhighskieswhosecolorsandclouds______bytheminute”可知，后文描写远眺的风景，此处指视野开阔。【27题详析】考查动词。句意同上。A.changed改变；B.remained保持；C.disappeared消失；D.waited等待。根据前文“highskieswhosecolorsandclouds”和后文“bytheminute”可知，天空的颜色和云朵每分钟都在变化。【28题详析】考查副词。句意：它太小了，你必须仔细看。A.suddenly突然；B.closely仔细地；C.directly直接地；D.outside在外面。根据上文“Itwassosmallthatyouhadtolook”可知，空间狭小，只能近距离、细心发现细微的自然之美。【29题详析】考查连词。句意：无论你在哪里发现它，享受自然是必不可少的一部分。A.whenever无论何时；B.whatever无论什么；C.however无论如何；D.wherever无论哪里。根据后文“youfindit”结合前文讲乡村、城市、阳台等不同地方的自然可知，此处指无论在哪里发现自然。【30题详析】考查动词。句意：到阳台上去，让我能够关注那些比我的事业、我的人际关系或我的自我意识更大的事情。A.break打破；B.come来；C.tune调整；D.turn转向。根据后文“intothingsthatwerebiggerthanmycareer,myrelationshipormyverysenseofself”可知，到阳台上让作者能够关注别的事情。【31题详析】考查动词短语。句意：伦敦蜜蜂酿的蜂蜜味道鲜美，因为有那么多不同的花可供它们食用。A.fixon确定；B.dineon吃……饭；C.surviveon靠……生存；D.preyon捕食。根据上文“HoneymadebyLondonbeestastesdeliciousbecausetherearesomanydifferentflowersto”可知，伦敦有很多不同的花可供蜜蜂食用，所以蜂蜜味道鲜美。【32题详析】考查形容词。句意：野生常春藤自由地攀爬在被遗弃的墙壁和破旧的栅栏上。A.abandoned被遗弃的；B.wooden木制的；C.firm坚定的；D.ancient古老的。根据前文“Wildivy(常春藤)climbsfreelyover”和后文“wallsandbrokenfences”可知，常春藤攀爬在被遗弃的墙壁和破旧的栅栏上。【33题详析】考查副词。句意：车辆扬起的风，将细小的种子吹向四面八方。A.high高；B.fast快；C.wide宽；D.slowly慢。根据上文“Itstinyseedsarecarriedfarand”可知，风将种子吹向四面八方，farandwide为固定搭配，意为“四面八方，广泛地”。【34题详析】考查动词。句意：秋天终于来到了伦敦。A.arrive到达；B.display展示；C.join加入；D.stay停留。根据后文“inLondonintheend”以及“Isawtheredmapleleavesinastreet”可知，秋天终于来到了伦敦。【35题详析】考查形容词。句意：我们这里的自然与众不同，但同样美丽。A.average平均的；B.different不同的；C.distinguished著名的；D.universal普遍的。根据前文“Ournaturehereis”和后文“butnolessbeautiful”可知，每个地方的风景不同，但同样美丽。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACenturiesago,Persians,TibetansandMayansconsideredturquoise(绿松石)agemstoneoftheheavens,believingthestrikingbluestonesweresacredpiecesofsky.Today,therarestandmostvaluableturquoiseisfoundintheAmericanSouthwest—butthefutureofthebluebeautyisunclear.Lessthanfivepercentofturquoiseminedworldwidecanbesetintojewelry.*limitedsupplyofturquoisefromArizonaforourSedonaTurquoiseCollection;*inspiredbyancientcraftsmenanddesignedtoshowcasetheexceptionalbluestone;*eachstabilizedstrikingstonefeaturesaunique,one-of-a-kindmatrix(天然纹理)surroundedinBalimetalwork.☑100%SatisfactionGuaranteed:Ifyouaren’tcompletelyhappywithyourpurchase,senditbackwithin30daysforacompleterefundoftheitemprice.LimitedStockAvailable:ThesupplyofArizonaturquoiseislimited.Don’tmissyourchancetoowntheSouthwest’sbrilliantbluetreasure.Calltoday!__________________________:Arizonaturquoise/Silver-finishedframeSedonaTurquoiseCollectionA.necklacecharm(26cts)$299*$99+p&pSave$200B.18”BaliNagawovensterlingsilverchain$149$149+p&p

C.1½”Earrings(10ctw)$299*$99+p&pSave$200D.completeset**$747*$249+p&pSave$498**Completesetincludesnecklacecharm,chainandearrings.Claimyouroffer:Callnowandmentiontheoffercodetoreceiveyourcollection.Tel:1-800-333-2045OfferCode:STC742-09Youmustusetheoffercodetogetourspecialprice.*SpecialpriceonlyforcustomersusingtheoffercodeVS.theregularpriceonS36.Whatcanwelearnaboutturquoisefromthepassage?A.Itisabluestonewhichsymbolizesthesky.B.Ithasabrightfutureforitsrarityandvalue.C.Only5%oftheworld’sturquoiseismined.D.ItisabundantintheAmericanSouthwest.37.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toexplainhowtomakeajewelry.B.Tostressthelimitedsupplyofturquoise.C.Tointroducedifferentmininglocationsofturquoise.D.Toarouseinterestforthevalueofturquoise.38.Whatpropersubtitlecanbefilledintheblank?A.NewArrival B.FastDelivery C.JewelryDetails D.PriceList39.Whatcanwedotogetthespecialprice?A.Buyacompletesettogether. B.ShoponlineatS.C.Callandusetheoffercode. D.Ordermorethanonepiece.40.Thistextismostprobablytakenfrom________A.aresearchpaper B.ashoppingadvertisementC.anewsreport D.atravelmagazine【答案】36.A37.D38.C39.C40.B【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了绿松石的价值及Sedona绿松石系列珠宝的详情与特惠活动。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Centuriesago,Persians,TibetansandMayansconsideredturquoise(绿松石)agemstoneoftheheavens,believingthestrikingbluestonesweresacredpiecesofsky.(几个世纪前，波斯人、藏人和玛雅人都认为绿松石是天上的宝石，认为这种引人注目的蓝色石头是神圣的天空碎片。)”可知，绿松石是一种象征天空的蓝色石头。【37题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Today,therarestandmostvaluableturquoiseisfoundintheAmericanSouthwest—butthefutureofthebluebeautyisunclear.Lessthanfivepercentofturquoiseminedworldwidecanbesetintojewelry.(如今，最稀有、最有价值的绿松石出现在美国西南部，但这种蓝色美石的未来尚不明朗。全世界开采的绿松石中，只有不到5%可以镶嵌在珠宝上。)”可知，第一段通过描述绿松石的稀有性和价值，以及其未来的不确定性，来引起读者对绿松石价值的兴趣。【38题详析】主旨大意题。根据下文“Arizonaturquoise/Silver-finishedframe(Sedona绿松石系列)”、“SedonaTurquoiseCollection(亚利桑那绿松石/镀银框架)”以及后面列出的项链吊坠、银链、耳环和整套珠宝的价格可知，这一部分是关于珠宝的详细信息，包括价格等。因此，选项C“珠宝详情”最符合语境。【39题详析】细节理解题。根据Claimyouroffer:部分中“Callnowandmentiontheoffercodetoreceiveyourcollection.(现在打电话，并提及优惠代码，即可收到您的收藏品。)”、“Tel:1-800-333-2045OfferCode:STC742-09(电话:1-800-333-2045优惠代码：STC742-09)”、“Youmustusetheoffercodetogetourspecialprice.(您必须使用优惠代码才能获得我们的特价。)”可知，要获得特价，需要打电话并使用优惠代码。【40题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段“Callnowandmentiontheoffercodetoreceiveyourcollection.(现在打电话，并提及优惠代码，即可收到您的收藏品。)”以及列出的珠宝价格和优惠信息可知，这篇文章是一则购物广告。BAfter84dayswithoutcatchingasinglefish,anoldfisherman,Santiago,sailsfarouttoseawithouthisdevotedManolin.Thefishheeventuallycatchesissobigthatitpullstheboatfortwowholedaysandnights.Despitebeingwoundedandexhausted,Santiagobattlestoholdthelinethatholdsthefish.Onthethirdday,thefishfinallytires,allowingSantiagotokillitwithharpoon(鱼叉).Butthebloodfromthefishattractssharks,whichSantiagobravelyfightsthroughoutthedayandnight.Althoughhesucceedsinkillingsomeofthesharks,yetmoreofthesepredatorsappear.Thesharkclosedfastanditsheadwasoutofwaterandtheoldmancouldhearthenoiseoffleshripping(撕裂、划破)onthebigfishwhentheold-manrammed(猛扎)theharpoondownontotheshark’sheadataspotwherethelinebetweenhiseyesintersectedwiththelinethatranstraightbackfromhisnose.Therewerenosuchlines.Butthatwasthelocationofthebrainandtheoldmanhitit.Hehititwithallhisstrength.Hehititwithouthopebutwithresolutionanddeterminedhostility.Thesharkswungoverandtheoldmansawhiseyewasnotaliveandknewthathewasdead.“Hetookaboutfortypounds,”theoldmansaidaloud.Hetookmyharpoontooandalltherope,hethought,andnowmyfishbleedsagainandtherewillbemoresharks.Hedidnotliketolookatthefishanymoresincehehadbeen-mutilated(残缺不全).Whenthefishhadbeenhititwasasthoughhehimselfwerehit.“ButIkilledthesharkthathitmyfish,”hethought.AndhewasthebiggestdentusothatIhaveeverseen.“Itwastoogoodtolast,”hethought.“IwishithadbeenadreamnowandthatIhadneverhookedthefishandwasaloneinbedonthenewspapers.”Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,hesaid.Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.IamsorrythatIkilledthefishthough,hethought.NowthebadtimeiscomingandIdonotevenhavetheharpoon.Thedentusoiscruelandableandstrongandintelligent.ButIwasmoreintelligentthanhewas.Perhapsnot,hethought.PerhapsIwasonlybetterarmed.“Don’tthink,oldman,”hesaidaloud.“Sailonthiscourseandtakeitwhenitcomes.”ButImustthink,“Thinkaboutsomethingcheerful,oldman,”hesaid.“Everyminutenowyouareclosertohome.Yousaillighterforthelossoffortypounds.”“Now,”hesaid.“Iamstillanoldman.ButIamnotunarmed.”Thebreezewasfreshnowandhesailedonwell.Hewatchedonlytheforwardpartofthefishandsomeofhishopereturned.(ExcerptfromTheOldManandtheSeabyErnestHemingway)41.Whydidsharkscometoattackthebigfish?A.Becausetheoldmanhitthesharkonitshead.B.Becausethebloodfromthefishdrewsharks.C.Becausethesharkswerefollowingtheboatfordays.D.Becausethebigfishmadeloudnoisesinthewater.42.Intheunderlinedpart“Iwishithadbeenadream...”,“it”refersto________A.thecatchingoffishandfightingsharksB.hissailingfarouttotheseaaloneC.thelossofhisharpoontothesharksD.thetirednessandwoundsonhishands43.Whatmadetheoldmanregainsomehope?A.Hethoughtthesharkswouldnotreturn.B.Hefoundthatthefishwasstillingoodcondition.C.Hebelievedhewouldmeetotherfishermensoon.D.Hisbelievedhecouldsailonandreturnhomesafely44.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A.Manshouldgiveupintimewhenfacingdanger.B.Fishermenshouldnotsailfarouttoseaalone.C.Truemanstayspositiveandnevergivesin.D.Complainingonlymakesthingsworse.45.WhatcanweinferaboutSantiagofromthepassage?A.Heisadeterminedandstrong-mindedperson.B.Heisapersistentbutinexperiencedfisherman.C.Heisnotphysicallystrongbutabraveman.D.Heisnotonlysympatheticbutoptimistic.46.Whydidtheoldmanregrethookingthefishatonetime?①Becausethesharkhekilledwasthesmartestintheworld.②Thefishwastornbysharksandthegainwasnotsatisfying.③Heregrettedgoingouttoseaalonewithoutanyhelper.④Hewasalmostindespairandexhaustion.⑤Hehaslosthisharpoonandtherope.⑥Heknewmoredangerwascoming.A.②③⑥ B.①④⑤ C.①③④ D.②⑤⑥【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.A46.D【语篇解读】章主要讲述了老渔夫圣地亚哥捕获大鱼后与鲨鱼搏斗的过程。【41题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butthebloodfromthefishattractssharks,whichSantiagobravelyfightsthroughoutthedayandnight.(但是鱼的血吸引了鲨鱼，圣地亚哥整日整夜勇敢地与鲨鱼搏斗。)”可知，鲨鱼是被鱼的血吸引过来的。【42题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段““ButIkilledthesharkthathitmyfish,”hethought.AndhewasthebiggestdentusothatIhaveeverseen.(“但我杀死了袭击大鱼的那条鲨鱼。”他心想。那是我见过最大的灰鲭鲨。)”和第五段中“IwishithadbeenadreamnowandthatIhadneverhookedthefishandwasaloneinbedonthenewspapers.(我希望现在it只是一场梦，我从来没有钓到过这条鱼，而是独自躺在报纸铺成的床上。)”可知，圣地亚哥希望捕鱼和与鲨鱼搏斗是一场梦，由此可推测出“it”指的是捕鱼和与鲨鱼搏斗。【43题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thebreezewasfreshnowandhesailedonwell.Hewatchedonlytheforwardpartofthefishandsomeofhishopereturned.(现在微风清新，他航行得很好。他只看着鱼的前部，他的希望又回来了。)”以及倒数第二段他对自己说的话““Now,”hesaid.“Iamstillanoldman.ButIamnotunarmed.”(“现在，”他说。“我还是个老人。但我并非手无寸铁。”)”可知，老人相信自己能够继续航行并安全回家，这让他重新燃起了一些希望。【44题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,hesaid.Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.(但人不是为失败而生的，他说。一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打败。)”可知，文章主要讲述了老渔夫圣地亚哥捕获大鱼后与鲨鱼搏斗的过程，尽管最终鱼被鲨鱼吃掉了，但他从未放弃，由此可知，文章传达了真正的男人保持积极，永不屈服的信息。【45题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hehititwithallhisstrength.Hehititwithouthopebutwithresolutionanddeterminedhostility.(他用尽全力打它。他毫无希望地打它，但却带着决心和坚定的敌意。)”以及第五段中“Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,hesaid.Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.(但人不是为失败而生的，他说。一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打败。)”可知，圣地亚哥是一个意志坚定、坚强的人。【46题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“IamsorrythatIkilledthefishthough,hethought.NowthebadtimeiscomingandIdonotevenhavetheharpoon.Thedentusoiscruelandableandstrongandintelligent.(不过，我很遗憾我杀了这条鱼，他想。现在坏日子来了，我甚至没有鱼叉。这条鲨鱼既残忍又能干，强壮又聪明。)”以及第六段中“Yousaillighterforthelossoffortypounds.(由于减重了四十磅，你航行得更轻快了。)”可知，老人后悔钓到这条鱼是因为鱼被鲨鱼撕咬，收获并不令人满意，而且他已经失去了鱼叉和绳子，并且他知道更多的危险即将来临。由此可知，②⑤⑥符合题意。CImagineyourselfsittingdowntohaveacheesesandwichforbreakfast.You’repickingituptotakeyourfirstbite,whenallofasuddenyouseeafaceinthetoast.ThisishowDianeDuyserstartedoneofherdaysbackin1994.Thischeesesandwichendedupbeingsoldfor$28,000becauseDuyserwasabletomarketitashaving“mystical(神秘的)powers.”However,cognitivepsychology(认知心理学)wouldrevealthatthetruepoweratworkinthisstoryispareidolia(空想性错视).Pareidoliaisthetendencytoperceiveanentity(实体)inarandomobjectlikeacloud,amountain,orthewallpaperinyourbedroom.FacePareidoliacanbespeciallydefinedasseeingface-likefeaturesineverydayobjects.Frombananapeelstocarheadlightspeoplefindfacesinallkindsofunexpectedplaces.Buthowandwhydoesthishappen?AccordingtoDr.ColinPalmerfromtheUniversityofNewSouthWales,faceperceptionisinvolvedinunderstandingfacepareidolia.Dr.PalmeristheleadresearcherofanewstudypublishedinthejournalPsychologicalScience.Thelikelyreasonbehindthisisthatthebrainisquicktorecognizebasicfeaturesthatdescribeahumanface.Butfaceperceptionalsoincludestheabilitytorecognizewhothepersonis,andtoreadinformationfromtheirface.Dr.Palmersaidthattheseassociationsdependonpartsofthebrainthatspecializeinextracting(提取)thisinformationfromwhatthepersonsees.Arethemechanisms(机制)usedinextractingthisinformationinidentifyingarealhumanfacealsothesamewhenapersonexperiencesfacepareidolia?Dr.Palmerandhiscolleaguestriedtodeterminethis.Theyfoundthatrepeatedexposuretopareidoliafacesthatconveyedaspecificdirectionofattention(forexample,objectsthatappearedtobelookingtowardstheleft)influencedhowapersonperceivesanobject.Thatmeansthefeelingofpareidolia“maybebecausethefeaturesoftheobjectareactivatingrelatedmechanismsinyourbrain,”theresearcherssaid.Inotherwords,thehumanbrainprocessesthe“fake”facethesamewayitprocessesrealfaces.Studieshaveshownthatfacepareidoliahasalsobeenobservedamongmonkeys.AccordingtoDr.Palmer,facepareidoliamightbeaproductinheritedfromtheprimates(灵长类动物).Soifapersonevolvedtobeexcellentinidentifyingfaces,itmayleadtohisseeingfakefaces.Dr.Palmersaidtheirresearchcouldhelpscientistsbetterunderstandcognitivedisordersrelatingtofacialrecognition.Theseincludeprosopagnosia(脸盲症)andautismspectrumdisorder(自闭症谱系障碍),inwhichthoseaffectedcouldhavedifficultyprocessinginformationfromthefacesofotherpeople.47.Whatisfacepareidoliaaccordingtothepassage?A.Theabilitytorecognizerealhumanfacesquickly.B.Thetendencytoseeface-likefeaturesinordinaryobjects.C.Acognitivedisorderthataffectsfacialrecognition.D.Amysticalpowerthatmakesobjectslooklikehumanfaces.48.WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?A.Totellafunnystoryaboutacheesesandwich.B.Tointroducetheconceptofpareidoliawitharealexample.C.ToexplainwhyDianeDuysersoldhersandwichatahighprice.D.Toshowtheimportanceofcognitivepsychologyindailylife.49.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Mysticalpowersarethekeytounderstandingunusualvisualphenomena.B.Dr.Palmer’sresearchinvestigateshowthebrainprocessesbothrealandfakefaces.C.Pareidoliaisexplainedthroughresearchonbrainmechanismsrelatedtofaceperception.D.Facepareidoliacanhelpscientistsstudycognitivedisorderslikeprosopagnosia.50.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Onlyhumanshavetheabilitytoexperiencefacepareidolia.B.Thebrainprocesses“fake”facesdifferentlyfromrealfaces.C.Facepareidoliamaybearesultofhumanevolution.D.Dr.Palmer’sresearchhascuredpeoplewithprosopagnosia.【答案】47.B48.B49.C50.C【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了空想性错视现象通过与面部感知相关的大脑机制研究得到解释。【47题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“FacePareidoliacanbespeciallydefinedasseeingface-likefeaturesineverydayobjects.(空想性错视脸可特别定义为在日常物品中看到类似脸的特征。)”可知，空想