天津市武清区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市武清区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)16.—Iheardyou’reapplyingforthatsummerprogram.How’sitgoing?—Perfect!________.I’mreallyfullofconfidence.A.It’soutofthequestion B.Don’tmentionitC.Whatarelief D.Itticksalltherightboxes【答案】D【详析】句意：——我听说你正在申请那个暑期项目，进展如何？——十分顺利，各项条件全都符合要求，我信心十足。A.It’soutofthequestion不可能；B.Don’tmentionit不客气；C.Whatarelief总算松口气；D.Itticksalltherightboxes全部符合要求。根据前文“Perfect!”可知，一切进展顺利，结合下文的“I’mreallyfullofconfidence.”可知，现在是满怀信心，由此可知，申请条件全部达标。17.Theprojecthadtobeputoff________alackofgovernmentfunding.A.dueto B.regardlessof C.accordingto D.inspiteof【答案】A【详析】句意：由于缺乏政府资金，这个项目不得不推迟。A.dueto由于；B.regardlessof不管，不顾；C.accordingto根据；D.inspiteof尽管。空处前后存在因果逻辑关系，项目推迟的原因是缺乏政府资金，需要填入表示原因的介词短语dueto。18.All________forthespecialEnglishissueoftheschoolnewspapermustbereceivedbyFriday.A.permission B.versions C.confirmation D.contributions【答案】D【详析】句意：校报英语特刊的所有投稿必须在周五前提交。A.permission许可；批准；B.versions版本；译本；C.confirmation确认；证实；D.contributions投稿；稿件。句子后半部分mustbereceivedbyFriday(必须在周五前提交)和specialEnglishissueoftheschoolnewspaper(校报英语特刊)，说明空格处的词需要是“校报特刊所需的内容”，contributions(投稿)最符合逻辑——特刊需要收集稿件，因此必须在截止日期前提交。19.Theyoungathletetrainedhardtoliveuptothehighstandards________justifyhisplaceonthenationalteam.A.where B.why C.that D.what【答案】C【详析】句意：这位年轻的运动员刻苦训练，以达到证明他在国家队位置的高标准。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thehighstandards，关系词在从句中作主语，指代物，应用关系代词that或which。20.________withanger,youtendtosaywhatevercomestoyourmind.A.Filled B.Tofill C.Beingfilled D.Filling【答案】A【详析】句意：满心愤怒之下，你往往会随口说出脑海中浮现的任何话语。分析句子结构可知，逗号前为非谓语动词作状语，动词fill与逻辑主语you之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词形式作状语。21.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,______ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadlinethesedays.A.work B.works C.isworking D.areworking【答案】C【详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些天来，史密斯教授和他的助手们日以继夜地做这个项目，以赶上最后期限。结合时间状语thesedays可知，用现在进行时表现在一直正在进行的动作，本句的主语是ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants，采取就远原则，谓语动词要和前面的名词ProfessorSmith保持一致，故使用单数形式。故选C项。22.Knowingthatthekidsnowhavemoneyforschoolis________keepsmegoingandgivesmemoreenergy.A.how B.why C.what D.that【答案】C【详析】句意：知道孩子们现在有钱上学让我能够坚持下去，并且给了我更多的能量。空格处位于系动词is之后，引导表语从句。在表语从句“________keepsmegoingandgivesmemoreenergy”中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。23.Myfatherisgentleandeasygoing,butsometimeshe________beimpatientwithmyendlessquestions.A.would B.shall C.must D.can【答案】D【详析】句意：我父亲温和且随和，但有时他也会对我没完没了的问题感到不耐烦。A.would过去常常；B.shall应该，将会；C.must必须，一定；D.can有时会。can用于肯定句中，可以表示一时的可能性或偶尔发生的情况，意为“有时会，可能会”。24.Withinseveralmonths,Danielhelpedraise$20,000,________aclinicwassetupinKenya.A.withwhom B.forwhom C.withwhich D.forwhich【答案】C【详析】考查定语从句。句意：在几个月内，丹尼尔帮助筹集了2万美元，用这笔钱在肯尼亚建立了一家诊所。“________aclinicwassetupinKenya”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词$20,000，表示“用这笔钱”，应用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，指物只能用which，根据句意“用这笔钱”可知，应使用介词with，表示使用的工具或手段，即“with+which”引导定语从句。故选C。25.Thenewly-openedthemeparkofferssuchan________experiencethatvisitorscan’tstoptalkingaboutit.A.initial B.informal C.internal D.incredible【答案】D【详析】句意：这家新开的主题公园提供了如此极好的体验，以至于游客们不停地谈论它。A.initial最初的；B.informal非正式的；C.internal内部的；D.incredible极好的，难以置信的。根据下文“visitorscan’tstoptalkingaboutit”可知，这种体验是非常棒的、令人难以置信的。26.HeisalwayshonestsoIhave________nodoubtthathewilltellthetruth.A.absolutely B.gently C.regularly D.typically【答案】A【详析】句意：他一向诚实，所以我完全相信他会说出真相。A.absolutely完全地；B.gently温和地；C.regularly定期地；D.typically典型地。根据上文的“Heisalwayshonest”以及下文的“thathewilltellthetruth”可知，此处表达完全没有疑虑的态度，所以此处为“完全地”符合语境。27.________youhavedecidedtotakethejob,whynotgiveityourbesteffort?A.Incase B.Sothat C.Nowthat D.Evenif【答案】C【详析】句意：既然你已经决定接受这份工作，为什么不尽你最大的努力呢？A.incase以防万一；B.sothat以便；C.nowthat既然；D.evenif即使。题干中包含句型whynotdosth?，意为“为什么不做某事？”。28.It’simportantto________tochildrentheideathathardworkpaysoffinthelongrun.A.getacross B.getover C.getthrough D.getdown【答案】A【详析】句意：向孩子们传达努力终有回报这一观念十分重要。A.getacross使理解传达；B.getover克服恢复；C.getthrough通过接通；D.getdown下来记下。根据后文“thathardworkpaysoffinthelongrun”可知，此处表示传递思想观念，此处选用传达含义的短语。29.Jeremy________inatradecompanyforthreeyearsandnowheteachesinaschool.A.hasworked B.worked C.hadworked D.hasbeenworked【答案】B【详析】句意：杰瑞米在一家贸易公司工作了三年，现在他在一所学校教书。根据后半句nowheteachesinaschool可知，杰瑞米现在在学校教书，说明他在贸易公司工作是过去发生并且已经结束的动作，与现在没有联系，因此应用一般过去时。30.TheteammemberscomplainedthatStevedidn’t________.Asaresult,theyhadtocopewithmoreworkload.A.risetohisfeet B.keepittohimself C.letoffsteam D.pullhisweight【答案】D【详析】句意：队员们抱怨史蒂夫没有尽分内职责，结果大家不得不承担更多工作量。A.risetohisfeet站起身；B.keepittohimself秘不外传；C.letoffsteam释放压力；D.pullhisweight尽分内职责。根据后文“copewithmoreworkload”可知，众人工作量增多，说明史蒂夫没有尽分内职责。第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)Itwaslateafternoonthatday,yetstillhot.Iwasdrivingnorth,whenIsawanelderlywomanwithabigbag____31____southward,herbodybentundertheweight.Obviouslyshewasindesperateneedofhelp.Ifelt____32____fornotstopping.“ButhowcanIsafelystopwithoutblockinglate-afternoontraffic?”I____33____,glancingintherear-viewmirroratthelonglineofdriversbehindme.Thisthoughteasedmyguilt____34____.YetIstillmadeaU-turnatthenextintersection,which____35____otherdriverswhohadtobrake(刹车)suddenly.Istoppedbythewoman,andasked,“Needaride?”Herface____36____.“Blessyou,”shesaid,directedmefarthersouth.Aswedrove,darknessfell.Igrew____37____whenenteringaplacewith____38____streetsandhomelesspeople.Atherapartment,ayoungmanwithlong,untidyhairsatonaloudmotorcycle.Hewassmilingatme,butappearedthreatening.I____39____herthings,andthendroveawayquickly.Soon,amotorcycleroaredbehindme.Mybloodrancold—itwasthatsameyoungman!Anxietyrosefrommymind.I_____40_____myphonetocall911,onlytofinditgone.“Shestoleit!”Ithought,_____41_____myactofkindness.Mymindracedwithangerand_____42_____.Thebikerkept_____43_____metostop,wavingsomething—myphone!Ipulledover,andhehandedmethephone:“Grandmasentthis—sherealizedyouleftthisinthecar.Shetookit_____44_____.”Hewasstillsmilingandsoondisappearedintothenight_____45_____Ihadachancetosaysorryformythoughts.AsIsatinmycar,awaveofmixedemotions_____46_____overme.Ifeltrelievedtohavemyphoneback,_____47_____ashamedofmy_____48_____.Sometimeswejudgepeopletobebadjustbecausetheir_____49_____doesn’tmatchwhatwethinkisright.Theymaynotdriveastylishcar,butwhoisgoingtosaytheyarenot_____50_____tousorevennobler?31.A.running B.struggling C.riding D.wandering32.A.guilty B.anxious C.nervous D.responsible33.A.deceived B.reasoned C.confirmed D.complained34.A.rarely B.originally C.temporarily D.occasionally35.A.annoyed B.forgave C.disappointed D.transformed36.A.litup B.warmedup C.showedup D.pulledup37.A.grateful B.energetic C.uneasy D.curious38.A.messy B.orderly C.safe D.busy39.A.unloaded B.uncovered C.carried D.fetched40.A.turnedin B.pickedup C.heldonto D.reachedfor41.A.realizing B.criticizing C.regretting D.appreciating42.A.apology B.betrayal C.confusion D.satisfaction43.A.warning B.signaling C.forcing D.begging44.A.inadvance B.insecret C.byaccident D.onpurpose45.A.while B.as C.after D.before46.A.swept B.went C.pulled D.got47.A.so B.and C.because D.but48.A.thoughts B.techniques C.embarrassment D.adventure49.A.emotion B.appearance C.profession D.personality50.A.equal B.familiar C.devoted D.similar【答案】31.B32.A33.B34.C35.A36.A37.C38.A39.A40.D41.C42.C43.B44.C45.D46.A47.D48.A49.B50.A【语篇解读】主要讲述的是作者顺路搭载负重老妇人，途中心生无端猜忌，弄清真相后反思以貌取人的错误观念的故事。【31题详析】考查动词。句意：我向北行驶，看见一位提着大包的老妇人艰难地朝南前行，身躯被重物压得弯下了腰。A.running奔跑；B.struggling艰难行进；C.riding骑行；D.wandering闲逛。根据后文“herbodybentundertheweight”可知，老人被重物压弯身子，行走十分吃力。【32题详析】考查形容词。句意：我因没有停下脚步帮忙而心生愧疚。A.guilty愧疚的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.nervous紧张的；D.responsible有责任心的。根据后文“Thisthoughteasedmyguilt”可知，此处为词汇复现，指的是作者心生愧疚。【33题详析】考查动词。句意：我一边看着后视镜后方长长的车流，一边暗自思索安全停车的问题。A.deceived欺骗；B.reasoned思索，盘算；C.confirmed确认；D.complained抱怨。根据前文“ButhowcanIsafelystopwithoutblockinglate-afternoontraffic”可知，作者内心权衡思考停车难题。【34题详析】考查副词。句意：这个想法暂时缓解了我内心的愧疚感。A.rarely很少；B.originally起初；C.temporarily暂时地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据前文的““ButhowcanIsafelystopwithoutblockinglate-afternoontraffic?”I________,glancingintherear-viewmirroratthelonglineofdriversbehindme.”可知，作者在后视镜看到后面很多司机，思考着如何停车帮助老人，所以，愧疚短暂消散。【35题详析】考查动词。句意：可我还是在下一个路口掉头，这一举动引得其他司机急忙刹车，心生不满。A.annoyed使恼怒；B.forgave原谅；C.disappointed使失望；D.transformed转变。根据前文的“YetIstillmadeaU-turnatthenextintersection”以及后文“whohadtobrake(刹车)suddenly.”可知，作者掉头导致车辆紧急制动，会让其他司机感到恼火。【36题详析】考查动词短语。句意：她的脸上露出欣喜的神情。A.litup面露喜色；B.warmedup热身；C.showedup露面；D.pulledup停下。根据前文“Istoppedbythewoman,andasked,“Needaride?””可知，作者主动提出搭载，老人满心欢喜，所以面露喜色。【37题详析】考查形容词。句意：驶入街道杂乱、有无家可归者出没的区域时，我内心变得忐忑不安。A.grateful感激的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.uneasy不安的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“ayoungmanwithlong,untidyhairsatonaloudmotorcycle.Hewassmilingatme,butappearedthreatening”可知，周边环境与人物让作者心生不安。【38题详析】考查形容词。句意：驶入街道杂乱、有无家可归者出没的区域时，我内心变得忐忑不安。A.messy杂乱的；B.orderly有序的；C.safe安全的；D.busy繁忙的。根据后文“andhomelesspeople.Atherapartment,ayoungmanwithlong,untidyhairsatonaloudmotorcycle.Hewassmilingatme,butappearedthreatening.”可知，作者进入一个无家可归者出没的区域，还遇到外形粗犷的年轻人，由此可推断，此处街道环境脏乱无序。【39题详析】考查动词。句意：我帮她卸下随身物品，随后便迅速驾车离开。A.unloaded卸下；B.uncovered揭开；C.carried搬运；D.fetched取回。根据前文“Atherapartment”可知，作者已经抵达老人住处，需要将车上包裹取下。【40题详析】考查动词短语。句意：我伸手去拿手机拨打紧急电话，却发现手机不见了踪影。A.turnedin上交；B.pickedup捡起；C.heldonto紧紧抓住；D.reachedfor伸手去拿。根据后文“tocall911”可知，作者想要拨打电话，所以做出伸手拿手机的动作。【41题详析】考查动词。句意：我心里认定手机被老人拿走，开始后悔自己当初善意的举动。A.realizing意识到；B.criticizing批评；C.regretting后悔；D.appreciating感激。根据前文“I________myphonetocall911,onlytofinditgone.“Shestoleit!”Ithought”可知，作者想要拨打求救电话发现手机没了，以为老人偷了手机，所以后悔自己出手相助。【42题详析】考查名词。句意：愤怒与困惑交织在一起，思绪纷乱不已。A.apology道歉；B.betrayal背叛；C.confusion困惑；D.satisfaction满足。根据前文“I________myphonetocall911,onlytofinditgone.“Shestoleit!””可知，作者手机莫名消失，结合后文“Thebikerkept________metostop,wavingsomething—myphone!”可知，陌生男子又驱车追赶，所以作者内心气愤又困惑。【43题详析】考查动词。句意：这名骑车男子不断示意我停车，手中还挥舞着一样物品——我的手机。A.warning警告；B.signaling示意；C.forcing逼迫；D.begging恳求。根据后文“wavingsomething—myphone”可知，男子挥手做出手势，示意作者停下车辆。【44题详析】考查介词短语。句意：奶奶无意间将手机拿走。A.inadvance提前；B.insecret秘密地；C.byaccident意外地、无意间；D.onpurpose故意地。根据前文“Grandmasentthis—sherealizedyouleftthisinthecar.”可知，老人派男子给作者送手机，由此可推断，老人只是无意间拿走了手机。【45题详析】考查连词。句意：不等我为自己先前的猜忌致歉，他便笑着消失在夜色之中。A.while当……时；B.as随着；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。根据前文的“Hewasstillsmilingandsoondisappearedintothenight”以及后文“Ihadachancetosaysorry”可知，作者还没来得及道歉，对方就已然离开。【46题详析】考查动词。句意：我坐在车里，百感交集的情绪瞬间涌上心头。A.swept席卷；B.went行进；C.pulled拉扯；D.got得到。根据前文男子归还手机消除误会，后文“Ifeltrelievedtohavemyphoneback,______ashamedofmythoughts”可知，作者多种情绪一同涌现，内心思绪万千，sweepover可表示情绪猛然涌上心头。【47题详析】考查连词。句意：拿回手机我倍感宽慰，却也为自己内心的想法深感羞愧。A.so因此；B.and并且；C.because因为；D.but但是。根据前文“feltrelievedtohavemyphoneback”与后文“ashamed”可知，两种情绪构成转折关系。【48题详析】考查名词。句意：拿回手机我倍感宽慰，却也为自己内心的想法深感羞愧。A.thoughts想法；B.techniques技巧；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.adventure冒险。根据前文“Ithought,“Shestoleit!””以及后文“Sometimeswejudgepeopletobebadjustbecausetheir________doesn’tmatchwhatwethinkisright”可知，作者曾主观揣测他人，为自己内心的偏见想法感到惭愧。【49题详析】考查名词。句意：有时候我们仅仅因为他人的外表不符合我们心中的标准，就判定对方品性不好。A.emotion情绪；B.appearance外貌；C.profession职业；D.personality性格。根据前文“Hewassmilingatme,butappearedthreatening”可知，作者凭借外貌神态产生偏见，以此评判他人。【50题详析】考查形容词。句意：他们或许没有时髦的座驾，但没人能断定他们品性不比我们等同，甚至更为高尚。A.equal等同的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.devoted忠诚的；D.similar相似的。根据前文“Sometimeswejudgepeopletobebadjustbecausetheir________doesn’tmatchwhatwethinkisright.”可知，不能凭外表评判人品，人格彼此平等。第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)AWithsuchastrongartisticheritage,it’snosurprisethatEnglandknocksitoutoftheparkwhenitcomestoworld-classartgalleries.Thesearethegalleriesyouneedtoaddtoyourmust-visitlist.RoyalAcademyofArts(RA),LondonNotyourstandardgallery,theRoyalAcademyofArtsisledbyartiststopromotenotjusttheappreciationofart,butitspractice.Itisworld-famousforhostingsomeexhibitionsthatgeteveryonetalking.Besides,whatsetstheRAapartisitsengagementwiththepublicthroughparticipatoryexperiences,allowingvisitorstonotonlyviewartbutbecomepartofitininnovativeways.SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,NorwichSittingontheedgeoftheUniversityofEastAnglia’scampus,theSainsburyCentreholdsacollectionofremarkableworksofartspanningover2,000years.InsidetheseminalNormanFosterbuilding,you’llfindartworksfromaroundtheworld,includingsomestunningpiecesofEuropeanmodernartbyDegas,FrancisBacon,andAlbertoGiacometti.YorkshireSculpturePark,WestYorkshireTearinguptherulebookwhenitcomestohowwetraditionallyviewart,theYorkshireSculptureParkstrivestobreakdownbarriersbyshowingworksfromBritishandinternationalartistsintheopenair.SetinhundredsofacresofWestYorkshireparkland,you’llseesculpturesbysomeoftheleadingartistsofthe20thcentury.Whitworth,ManchesterAfterasky-highE15milliondevelopment,theWhitworthisbecomingoneofthepremiergalleriesinthenorthofEngland.Makingfulluseofitspicturesqueparksetting,thegalleryhasabeautifulartgardenandasculptureterrace(露台),allwaitingtobeexplored.Insidethegallery,youcanviewanexcitingprogramofever-changingexhibitions.51.WhatdoweknowaboutEnglandfromthepassage?A.It’swell-knownforitsbrilliantnaturallandscape. B.Itsartgalleriesneedadditionstotheircollections.C.Itexcelsinworld-classartgalleries. D.Londonisthehometomostofitsartgalleries.52.WhatisspecialabouttheRoyalAcademyofArts?A.Itoffersinteractiveexperiences. B.Itdisplaysworksbyseniorartists.C.Itoccupiesavastspaceinthemuseum. D.Itstagesexhibitionsinatraditionalway.53.WhichofthestatementsistrueforSainsburyCentreforVisualArts?A.It’snotclosetotheUniversityofEastAnglia B.ItsmodernartworksmostlycomefromEurope.C.Itsworksofartalldatebackto2,000yearsago. D.Itbridgestheclassicalandthemodern.54.WhatdoYorkshireSculptureParkandWhitworthhaveincommon?A.Theyaresmallinscale. B.Theyofferoutdoorsettings.C.Theyfeaturelong-standingworks. D.Theyhostexhibitionsonanannualbasis.55.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anarttextbook. B.Anartstudent’spaper. C.Apersonaltravelblog. D.Atravelguidebook.【答案】51.C52.A53.D54.B55.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章精选英格兰四座顶级美术馆。【51题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Withsuchastrongartisticheritage,it’snosurprisethatEnglandknocksitoutoftheparkwhenitcomestoworld-classartgalleries.(拥有如此强大的艺术遗产，英国在世界一流的艺术画廊中脱颖而出也就不足为奇了)”可知，英格兰以世界级美术馆而闻名。故选C项。【52题详析】细节理解题。根据介绍RoyalAcademyofArts(RA)句子“Besides,whatsetstheRAapartisitsengagementwiththepublicthroughparticipatoryexperiences,allowingvisitorstonotonlyviewartbutbecomepartofitininnovativeways.(此外，RA的独特之处在于它通过参与式体验与公众互动，让参观者不仅可以观看艺术，还可以以创新的方式成为艺术的一部分。)”可知，皇家艺术学院的特色是提供互动体验。故选A项。【53题详析】推理判断题。根据介绍SainsburyCentreforVisualArts的句子“SittingontheedgeoftheUniversityofEastAnglia’scampus,theSainsburyCentreholdsacollectionofremarkableworksofartspanningover2,000years.InsidetheseminalNormanFosterbuilding,you’llfindartworksfromaroundtheworld,includingsomestunningpiecesofEuropeanmodernartbyDegas,FrancisBacon,andAlbertoGiacometti.(位于东安格利亚大学校园边缘的塞恩斯伯里中心收藏了2000多年来的杰出艺术作品。在开创性的诺曼·福斯特建筑内，你会发现来自世界各地的艺术品，包括德加、弗朗西斯·培根和阿尔贝托·贾科梅蒂的一些令人惊叹的欧洲现代艺术作品。)”可知，塞恩斯伯里中心收藏了2000多年来的杰出艺术作品，并展出Degas、Bacon等欧洲现代艺术品，可推断其连接古典与现代。故选D项。【54题详析】细节理解题。根据介绍YorkshireSculpturePark的句子“Tearinguptherulebookwhenitcomestohowwetraditionallyviewart,theYorkshireSculptureParkstrivestobreakdownbarriersbyshowingworksfromBritishandinternationalartistsintheopenair.SetinhundredsofacresofWestYorkshireparkland,you’llseesculpturesbysomeoftheleadingartistsofthe20thcentury.(当谈到我们传统上如何看待艺术时，约克郡雕塑公园打破了规则，通过在露天展示英国和国际艺术家的作品，努力打破障碍。在数百英亩的西约克郡公园里，你会看到一些20世纪著名艺术家的雕塑。)”和介绍Whitworth的句子“Makingfulluseofitspicturesqueparksetting,thegalleryhasabeautifulartgardenandasculptureterrace(露台),allwaitingtobeexplored.(充分利用其风景如画的公园环境，画廊有一个美丽的艺术花园和一个雕塑平台，都等待着探索。)”可知，两者均利用户外环境展示艺术。故选B项。【55题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段的句子“Thesearethegalleriesyouneedtoaddtoyourmust-visitlist.(这些是你需要添加到你的必游列表的画廊。)”可知，文章介绍了英格兰四个美术馆的看点与特色，语言简洁、实用，符合旅行指南风格。故选D项。BThissummer,Icameface-to-facewiththreedeep-rootedfears:heights,bears,andaging.Twofriendsjoinedmeonafour-daywildernessgetaway,andsincewewereallinourseventies,wedecidedwe’dbettergowhilewestillcould.Ouradventurebeganwithascarydriveupawindingmountainroad.Ononehike,Ifoundmyselfhangingontoawireonabridgemadeoftwologs(木头),suspendedhighaboverushingrapids(湍流).Fixingmyeyesonourguide’sshoes,Iinchedalongtheshakylogs.Somehow,Imadeitacross,floodedwitharushofintenseexcitementandhugerelief.Later,afterspottingbeartracks,weweretoldtomakeloudnoises,whichsoonbecameagameoncethetensionfaded.Wetalkedandlaughed,thinkingthedangerhadpassed.Untilsuddenly,timestoodstill.Wehadjustcrossedastreamwhentheguidewhispered,“There’sabear.”Ilookedupindisbeliefandsawnotone,buttwo,abouttenmetersaboveus—thebrownmotherinfront,hercubbehind.Thoughscaredspeechless,Icouldn’thelpnoticinghowbeautifultheylookedintheirnaturalsetting.Iwonderedifitwouldbemylastmemory.Astheystartedtowardsus,werecoveredenoughtoshoutandwaveourhikingpoles.Takenbysurprise,theystopped,andthenslowlyturnedaway.Anotherfearwasovercome!Onourfinalmorning,afteraquiet,thoughtfulwalkthroughtheforest,wewereaskedtobringbacka“meaningful”stick,rock,andleaftosharewhatwould“stick”withus,what“rocked”,andwhatwewould“leavebehind”.Thebondoffriendshipwouldstickwithme.Womensupportingoneanothertrulyrocked.AndIhopedtoleavesomefearsbehind.Ourguideendedbyexpressingheradmiration,praisingnotonlyourfitnessbutalsoourpositiveattitude.Thoseunexpectedwordswarmedmyheartandeasedmyfearofbeing“overthehill”.Beingvaluedforwhatwehadaccomplishedmadethistripthemostunforgettableexperienceinmylife.56.Howdidtheauthorcrossthebridge?A.Byusinghersenseofdirection.B.Bytakingcarefulsteps.C.Byrushingacrossitbravely.D.Byhavingtheguidedragherover.57.Whydidthebearsleave?A.Theywereafraidofthenoiseoftherapids.B.Theywereshockedatthegroup’sactions.C.Theywerethreatenedbytheguide’srocks.D.Theywereattractedbythenaturalsetting.58.Whydidtheguideaskthemforastick,rock,andleaf?A.Toreflectonthejourney.B.Topickupsomesouvenirs.C.Tosymbolizetheirteamwork.D.Tochecktheirobservationskills.59.Theunderlinedphrase“overthehill”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.outofsightB.beyondone’sabilityC.onthetopofthemountainD.nolongeryoungorenergetic60.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthepassage?A.Sheusedtobeaprofessionalhiker.B.Sheplannedtomovetothewilderness.C.Shegainedarenewedsenseofconfidence.D.Sheregrettedtakingtheriskytrip.【答案】56.B57.B58.A59.D60.C【语篇解读】文章讲述年逾七旬的作者与好友开启野外探险，接连克服恐高、惧怕熊与衰老的心理，在旅程感悟友情，内心重拾自信。【56题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Fixingmyeyesonourguide’sshoes,Iinchedalongtheshakylogs.(我紧盯向导的鞋子，在摇晃的原木上缓缓挪动脚步。)”可知，作者小心翼翼迈步走过桥梁。【57题详析】细节理解题。根据第七段“Astheystartedtowardsus,werecoveredenoughtoshoutandwaveourhikingpoles.Takenbysurprise,theystopped,andthenslowlyturnedaway.(熊朝我们走来时，我们回过神来，大声呼喊并挥舞登山杖。这群动物猝不及防，停下脚步，随后缓缓转身离去。)”可知，熊因众人的举动感到意外而后离去。【58题详析】推理判断题。根据第八段“Onourfinalmorning,afteraquiet,thoughtfulwalkthroughtheforest,wewereaskedtobringbacka“meaningful”stick,rock,andleaftosharewhatwould“stick”withus,what“rocked”,andwhatwewould“leavebehind”.(最后一日清晨，我们沉静思索着漫步林间。随后大家被要求带回一根寓意深远的树枝、一块石头与一片树叶，借此分享心中难忘的经历、触动内心的瞬间，以及决意放下的过往。)”可知，向导此举是为了让大家回味反思此次旅程。【59题详析】词句猜测题。根据首段“Thissummer,Icameface-to-facewiththreedeep-rootedfears:heights,bears,andaging.(今年夏天我直面恐高、怕熊和衰老三大内心恐惧。)”以及前文作者已是七十多岁老人可知，“Thoseunexpectedwordswarmedmyheartandeasedmyfearofbeing“overthehill”.(番意外的话语温暖了我的内心，也消解了我对overthehill的惶恐。)”中“overthehill”指代不再年轻、精力衰退。【60题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thoseunexpectedwordswarmedmyheartandeasedmyfearofbeing“overthehill”.Beingvaluedforwhatwehadaccomplishedmadethistripthemostunforgettableexperienceinmylife.(这些意外的话语温暖了我的心，也打消了我对步入暮年的顾虑。自身的付出与成就得到认可，这次旅程成为我此生最难忘的经历。)”可推断，作者重新收获了自信心。CSeenfromanairplane,carsmovingslowlyonthehighwaylooklikealineofants.Unlikethesehuman-drivenvehicles,however,antsareabletoavoidthetroublingstop-and-gotrafficthatbothersdailycommutes(通勤).Researchershavethereforeturnedtheirattentiontostudyingtheants’teamwork-basedbehaviors,hopingtoapplytheseinsightstodesigningself-drivingcarsthatcanpreventtrafficjams.Asthenumberofcarsonhighwayskeepsgrowing,thestability(稳定)oftrafficflowgraduallyfalls.Studiesshowthatwhenthedensity(密度)reaches15vehiclespermileperlane(车道),asingledriver’ssuddenbraketapcanleadtolong-lastingandwidespreadtrafficjams.ScientistKatsuhiroNishinari,amathematicalphysiciststudyingtraffictransitions,comparesthisphenomenontoaphasetransition,suchaswaterturningintoice.Evensmallindividualactionsinsuchsituationscanquicklydevelopintomajortrafficissues.KatsuhiroNishinari’spreviousresearchhasalreadyshownthatfood-seekingantscanmaintainsmoothmovementevenwhentheirpopulationdensityisveryhigh.Arecentfollow-upstudyhasshowntheyusuallytravelingroupsof3to20individuals,movingatsteadyspeedswithpropergapsbetweeneachotherandneverattemptingtoovertake.Theirbehaviordependsonmutualcollaborationratherthanindividualpreferences.Thiscollectiveintelligenceoffersalessonforhumandriverstoday.Onekeytakeawayistoavoidtailgating.Keepingasafedistancefromthevehicleaheadhelpsabsorbtheshockwavescausedbysuddenbrakingindensetraffic.Ofcourse,antshavethenaturaladvantageofcreatingflexiblepaths,whilecarsareboundtofixedlanes.Buttheprincipleofmaintainingproperspacingremainsvitalforsafetyandefficiencyonourroads.Lookingahead,therealtransformationmaycomefromtechnology.AsKatsuhiroNishinaripointsout,“Unlikehumandriverswhooftenactontheirown,futureself-drivingcarscouldbedesignedtosharereal-timedataandfunctionasacombinedsystem.”Inspiredbyants,thesevehiclescanupgradetrafficflowasasharedsystem,potentiallyrequiringupdatestoexistingrulestofullyrealizetheirbenefits.61.Whatcancausewidespreadhighwaytrafficjamsdirectly?A.Atotalof15carspermile.B.Antbehaviorsaffectingdriving.C.Asuddenbrakeatacertaindensity.D.Reducedstabilityoftrafficflow.62.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtherecentfollow-upstudyinParagraph3?A.Tocompareantswithhumandrivers.B.Tocriticizecurrenttrafficregulations.C.Toexplainthemathbehindtrafficjams.D.Todetailhowantsachievesmoothmovement.63.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tailgating”probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Keepingaproperdistance.B.Drivingtooclosetothefront.C.Followingstricttrafficrules.D.Seekingperfectlaneposition.64.WhatisKatsuhiroNishinari’ssuggestionforant-inspiredself-drivingcars?A.Adoptacooperativeapproach.B.Collectpersonaltraveldata.C.Redesigntrafficrulesconstantly.D.Relyonactivehumanbehavior.65.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Bio-inspiredsolutionsfortrafficjamsB.BiologicalperformancesofmovingantsC.Technicalchallengesforself-drivingcarsD.Trafficengineeringmodelsfortrafficflow【答案】61.C62.D63.B64.A65.A【语篇解读】本文介绍科学家研究蚂蚁的协作通行特性，希望借鉴其行为原理优化自动驾驶汽车，解决交通拥堵问题。【61题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Studiesshowthatwhenthedensityreaches15vehiclespermileperlane,asingledriver’ssuddenbraketapcanleadtolong-lastingandwidespreadtrafficjams.(研究表明，当车道车流密度达到每英里每车道15辆车时，单个驾驶员的一次突然刹车会引发持久且大范围的交通拥堵)”可知，特定车流密度下的突然刹车会直接引发大范围高速公路拥堵。【62题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“KatsuhiroNishinari’spreviousresearchhasalreadyshownthatfood-seekingantscanmaintainsmoothmovementevenwhentheirpopulationdensityisveryhigh.Arecentfollow-upstudyhasshowntheyusuallytravelingroupsof3to20individuals,movingatsteadyspeedswithpropergapsbetweeneachotherandneverattemptingtoovertake.(KatsuhiroNishinari此前的研究已经表明，觅食的蚂蚁即使在种群密度很高的情况下也能保持平稳移动。最近的一项后续研究发现，它们通常以3到20只为一组旅行，以稳定的速度移动，彼此之间保持适当的间隙，从不试图超车)”可知，第三段提到最近的后续研究是为了详细说明蚂蚁如何实现平稳移动。【63题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Keepingasafedistancefromthevehicleaheadhelpsabsorbtheshockwavescausedbysuddenbrakingindensetraffic.(与前车保持安全距离有助于缓解车流密集时突然刹车带来的冲击效应)”可知，要与前车保持安全距离，因此研究得到的一个重要启示是避免跟车过近，划线词tailgating意为“跟车距离过近”。【64题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AsKatsuhiroNishinaripointsout,“Unlikehumandriverswhooftenactindependently,futureself-drivingcarscouldbedesignedtosharereal-timedataandfunctionasanintegratedsystem.”Inspiredbyants,thesevehiclescanupgradetrafficflowasacooperativesystem,potentiallyrequiringupdatestoexistingregulationstofullyrealizetheirbenefits.(正如KatsuhiroNishinari指出的那样，“与经常独立行动的人类驾驶员不同，未来的自动驾驶汽车可以被设计成共享实时数据并作为一个集成系统运行。”受蚂蚁的启发，这些车辆可以作为一个协作系统来升级交通流量，可能需要更新现有法规以充分实现其优势)”可知，KatsuhiroNishinari建议受蚂蚁启发的自动驾驶汽车应采用协作方法。【65题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Researchershavethereforeturnedtheirattentiontostudyingtheants’teamwork-basedbehaviors,hopingtoapplytheseinsightstodesigningself-drivingcarsthatcanpreventtrafficjams.(因此研究人员开始研究蚂蚁的协作行为，希望将研究心得运用到可规避交通拥堵的自动驾驶汽车研发中)”可知，文章围绕借鉴蚂蚁的生物特性，研发新型自动驾驶技术、解决交通拥堵的方案展开。故选A选项“借鉴生物原理解决交通拥堵”能概括文章主旨，适合作标题。DIstrugglewithlettinggoofthings.Embarrassingsituationsthatoccurredyearsagostillregularlypopintomymindandstressmeout.Ican’tmovepastthemandforgetthem.Cany