广西壮百色市2026届高中毕业班3月适应性测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西壮百色市2026届高中毕业班3月适应性测试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atasupermarket.C.Atarestaurant.2.WhathappenedtoSam?A.Failinganexam.B.Missingascienceclass.C.BeingblamedbyMrs.Miller.3.WhyisMariacallingtheman?A.Toborrowabook.B.Toextendaninvitation.C.Tocancelanappointment.4.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Cindy’sfather.B.Cindy’steacher.C.Cindy’sgrandfather.5.Whatistheman’sdaughterlike?A.Shy.B.Quiet.C.Outgoing.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdidthewomangettheband’stelephonenumber?A.Ataconcert.B.Fromamember.C.OntheInternet.7.Whatdoesthemanaskabouttheperformance?A.Thedate.B.Thelocation.C.Thelength.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman’scompany?A.Itisquitefamous.B.Itisrapidlydeveloping.C.Itisnewlyestablished.9.Whatcanthewomanfindonthebrochure’ssecondpage?A.Thecompanyoverview.B.Themarketingstrategy.C.Theproductintroduction.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatmakesCharlottewanttolearnTourism?A.Herfondness.B.Hercareerplan.C.Herparents’wishes.11.WhatdoesDr.TwainsuggestCharlottedo?A.Changehermajor.B.Chatwithherparents.C.Findajob.12.WhatisCharlotte’sadvantageinthetourismfield?A.Communicationskills.B.Languagetalent.C.Timemanagementability.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Ahousekeeper.B.Aprofessor.C.Anadministrator.14.WhatcontributesmosttoMartina’sdecisiontomove?A.Thedistancefromtheuniversity.B.Conflictswithroommates.C.Thelandlady’sstrictrules.15.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atthebeginningofaterm.B.Inthemiddleofaterm.C.Attheendofaterm.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.CheckMartina’sinformation.B.ShowMartinaaround.C.Callthelandlady.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatprizewillthewinnergetfromthecontestthistime?A.Asignedbook.B.Amembershipcard.C.Acomputer.18.Whatkindofstoriesareexpected?A.Onessetinthefuture.B.Onesaboutdailylife.C.Onesover1,500words.19.Howshouldtheparticipantssendtheirentries?A.Byemail.B.Inperson.C.Bypost.20.Whatmonthisitnow?A.January.B.February.C.March.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYoucantakeanassistancedogwithyouonLufthansaflightsfreeofcharge.Regardlessofitsbreedortype,anassistancedogisspeciallytrainedtotakeontasksorworkforapersonwithanimpairment(缺陷).Thesemayincludevisual,sensory,psychological,intellectualorothercognitiveimpairments.However,certainrequirementsmustbemetforyoutotakeadogintothecabin:·Inordertoensurethesafeandundisturbedoperationoftheflight,yourdogmustbetrainedtoobeyyourcommandsandmustbehaveappropriatelyinapublicspace(itmustnotbarkorjumpupatpeopleorotheranimals).·Yourdogmustneverdefecate(排泄)inanuncontrolledmannerinthecabinoratthegate.Ifitisnecessary,itmustbedoneinawaythatdoesnotaffectthehealthofothers.Beforetravelling·Makesureyoumeettherulesfortakingyourdogacrossborders.·Completeanynecessaryveterinaryexaminations(e.g.,vaccinations).·Haveofficialandveterinarydocumentsready(e.g.,petpassport).·RegisteryourdogwithLufthansaoratravelagencyandreceiveapassengerreceipt.·Bringthecarriageformandproofofassistancedogtrainingifrequired(notrequiredfordirectflightsto/fromtheUSA).OnboardYourdogmustfitunderyourseatandmustbeattachedtoyourseatbelt.·Aregularseatmaynotbeusedfortheanimalunderanycircumstances.·Werecommendsecuringyourdogwithaproperlyfittingbeltratherthanacollar.·Pleasebringamuzzle(嘴套)withyouincaseitisneeded.Clickhereformoreinformation1.Whoismostlikelyallowedtotravelwithanassistancedog?A.Awomanwithababy. B.Achildwithoutanadult.C.Amanwithmentaldisorder. D.Anelderlypersonwithoutcare.2.Whatisrequiredforanassistancedogtoremaininthecabin?A.Wearingamuzzle. B.Stayingbesidetheseat.C.Sittingonaregularseat. D.Behavingitselfinpublic.3.Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Atravelmagazine.C.Alocalnewspaper. D.Anofficialwebsite.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍汉莎航空允许残障乘客免费携带辅助犬登机，并列出了对犬只行为的要求、出行前的准备事项及机上规定。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Regardlessofitsbreedortype,anassistancedogisspeciallytrainedtotakeontasksorworkforapersonwithanimpairment(缺陷).Thesemayincludevisual,sensory,psychological,intellectualorothercognitiveimpairments.(无论其品种或类型如何，辅助犬都经过专门训练，能够为有残疾的人执行任务或提供帮助。这些残障可能包括视觉、感官、心理、智力或其他认知方面的障碍。、)”可推知，一个有精神障碍的男子最有可能被允许携带辅助犬出行。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inordertoensurethesafeandundisturbedoperationoftheflight,yourdogmustbetrainedtoobeyyourcommandsandmustbehaveappropriatelyinapublicspace(itmustnotbarkorjumpupatpeopleorotheranimals).(为确保航班运行的安全与平稳，您的宠物狗必须接受训练，能够听从您的指令，并且在公共区域要有良好的行为表现（不能吠叫或扑向他人/其他动物）。)”可知，辅助犬必须在公共场合举止得体（不吠叫、不扑人等），服从指令。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及文末出现“Clickhereformoreinformation(点击此处了解更多)”，可知，这是官方网站的典型特征。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一个官方网站。故选D项。BIspentmanyoftheseyearswishingIwereabraininavat(培养皿):brainsinvatsdon’tgetletdownbytheirbodies.OnaccountofthepainscausedbyLymediseaseandendometriosis,I’dfindmyselfseekingoutdistractiononascreen,tryingtoforgetIhadabodyatall.Oneday,oneofthosedistractionschangedmylifeforgood.IcameacrossavideoforJustinPeck’sballetYearoftheRabbit.Fromthatmomenton,Ifellinlovewithballet.Ilongedtotrydancingmyself.Luckilyforme,therewasadancestudiorightdownthestreetfrommyapartment.OnadaywhenIfeltwellenough,Igatheredmycourageandenrolledinaclass.Sue,thestudioownerandprimaryinstructor,lovedteachingthebasicsofballet.Shetookextracaretopointoutwhenstudentsdidsomethingwell,andtookequaljoyintheuniquewaystheymademistakes.ThemoretimeIspentinSue’sstudio,themoreIbegantorelatetomybodyinanewway.Learningtodancewasatransformationofmindasmuchofbody.Afterfrustratingmeforsolong,mybodyevenbegantobeasourceofaccomplishmentandpride.ItmademerealizethatevenmysickbodyhadmuchmorepotentialthanI’drealized.Beinghumanmeansbeingvulnerable—gettingsickandhurt,andgettingoldertoo.Butthosesamebodiesthatcauseusgriefalsomakeitpossibletolivefullandmeaningfullives.Balletcontinuallyremindsmethathavingabody—andbeinghuman—isbeautiful,evenwhenit’shard.Andit’smuchmorefunthanbeingabraininavat.4.Whydidtheauthorwishtobe“abraininavat”atthebeginning?A.Toescapeherresponsibilities.B.Tofreeherselffromasickbody.C.Tofocusentirelyonintellectuallife.D.Toabandonherselftovirtualpleasure.5.WhichcanbestdescribeSue’steachingstyle?A.Attentiveandsupportive. B.Passionatebutimpatient.C.Professionalandtraditional. D.Demandingbutencouraging.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Ordinary. B.Sensitive. C.Delicate. D.Humble.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Discoveringfuninaballetstudio. B.Findingstrengthinmyweakbody.C.Acceptingmyselfbyfightingillness. D.Embracingmybodythroughballet.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因病痛厌恶身体，后通过芭蕾重新认识、接纳自己的身体，感悟到身为人类拥有身体的美好。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IspentmanyoftheseyearswishingIwereabraininavat(培养皿):brainsinvatsdon’tgetletdownbytheirbodies.OnaccountofthepainscausedbyLymediseaseandendometriosis,I’dfindmyselfseekingoutdistractiononascreen,tryingtoforgetIhadabodyatall.(在那些年里，我常常希望自己能变成一个“培养皿里的大脑”：大脑不会因身体的不适而受到影响。由于患有莱姆病和子宫内膜异位症，我常常会通过屏幕寻求消遣，试图忘却自己拥有身体这一事实。)”可知，作者因莱姆病和子宫内膜异位症饱受身体疼痛折磨，希望自己只是培养皿里的大脑，是为了摆脱病痛的身体。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sue,thestudioownerandprimaryinstructor,lovedteachingthebasicsofballet.Shetookextracaretopointoutwhenstudentsdidsomethingwell,andtookequaljoyintheuniquewaystheymademistakes.(工作室的老板兼主要教练苏热爱教授芭蕾舞的基础知识。她会特别留意学生表现好的地方，并同样为他们独特的犯错方式而感到欣喜。)”可知，文中提到苏格外用心指出学生的优点，也乐于看待学生犯错的独特方式，说明她细心且善于鼓励支持学生。故选A项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“Beinghumanmeansbeing…—gettingsickandhurt,andgettingoldertoo.(作为人类就意味着会……——会生病、会受伤，也会逐渐衰老。)”可知，划线词后解释“会生病、受伤、变老”，可推知vulnerable意为“脆弱的”，与C选项delicate“脆弱的，易受伤的”含义相近。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Butthosesamebodiesthatcauseusgriefalsomakeitpossibletolivefullandmeaningfullives.Balletcontinuallyremindsmethathavingabody—andbeinghuman—isbeautiful,evenwhenit’shard.Andit’smuchmorefunthanbeingabraininavat.(但正是这些让我们感到痛苦的身体，却也让我们能够过上充实而有意义的生活。芭蕾舞一直让我明白，拥有身体——作为人类——本身就是一种美好，即便过程艰难。而且这比把自己困在一个无生命的容器里要有趣得多。)”可知，文章讲述作者因病痛厌恶身体，后通过芭蕾重新认识、接纳自己的身体，感悟到身为人类拥有身体的美好，D项“通过芭蕾拥抱自己的身体”最贴合主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。CBuriedbeneaththickAmazonrainforestmaybetensofthousandsofunknownarchaeological(考古的)sites.However,thevastforeststretchesacrossninecountries,makingtraditionalfieldresearchverydifficultandtime-consuming.Toaddressthischallenge,archaeologistsareincreasinglyturningtoadvancedtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligenceandmachinelearning.Recently,twoarchaeologists—SarahParcak,anEgyptologist,andChrisFisher,aMesoamericanarchaeologist—workedtogetherwithOpenAItoorganizeapubliccompetitionthatencouragedtechenthusiaststoanalyzesatelliteimagesandremotesensingdatainsearchofpotentialarchaeologicalsites.Thewinningteamidentified67differentareasacrosstheAmazonthatcouldcontainhistoricallyvaluableremains.Usingdeeplearningmodelstrainedonpublicdata,includingsatelliteimagery,theteamtaughtanAIsystemtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithknownarchaeologicalsites.Thesystemthencomparedthosepatternswithunexploredregionsandhighlightedpromisinglocations,mainlyinBrazil,forfutureinvestigation.Manyoftheidentifiedareasappearedtobedistributedalongbodiesofwater.Thisresultactuallymakessense,asancientcivilizationstendedtoflourish(兴旺)nearaccessiblewatersources.Byprocessingvastamountsofgeographicdatawithinashortperiodoftime,newerAImodelscouldlookbeyondestablishedtargetsandturnupentirelynewareasforinvestigation,saysParcak.Inaddition,manysitesaroundtheworldaredisappearingduetoenvironmentalchangeandhumanactivities.“WehaveaverylimitedperiodoftimetodocumenttheEarthandeverythingasitexistsnowbeforeitfundamentallychanges,”saysFisher.Otherexpertswarnthattheycouldinvitemoralconcerns.ParcakandFisher,however,expecttoseemoreprivatecompanieslaunchingsimilarcompetitions.“Ourfieldhastoaskitselfsomeuncomfortablequestionsaboutwherethey’rewillingtogotogetsupport,”evenifitmeansworkingwithtechgiants,Parcaksays.8.WhydidarchaeologistsworktogetherwithOpenAI?A.ToexploreancientsitesinAmazonrainforest.B.Toinvolvetechenthusiastsinarchaeology.C.Toovercomelimitsoftraditionalfieldwork.D.TotestAIreplacingfieldarchaeologists.9.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowAIwasusedtoidentifypotentialsites.B.Whatledtothesuccessofthewinningteam.C.Wherearchaeologicalsitesaremainlylocated.D.HowtheAImodelimprovedresearchefficiency.10.WhatissuggestedabouttheroleofAIinarchaeology?A.Itpreventsenvironmentaldamagetosites.B.Ithelpsexpandandspeedupsitediscovery.C.Itensuresalldisappearingsitesarerecorded.D.Itreducestheroleoftraditionalfieldinvestigation.11.WhatistheattitudeofParcakandFishertowardstheuseofAIinarchaeology?A.Disapproving. B.Cautious. C.Favorable. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家利用人工智能和机器学习等先进技术来克服传统实地研究的局限性，从而在亚马逊雨林中寻找潜在的考古遗址，并探讨了人工智能在考古学中的应用及其影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However,thevastforeststretchesacrossninecountries,makingtraditionalfieldresearchverydifficultandtime-consuming.(然而，这片广阔的森林横跨九个国家，使得传统的实地研究非常困难且耗时。)”以及第二段“Toaddressthischallenge,archaeologistsareincreasinglyturningtoadvancedtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligenceandmachinelearning.(为了应对这一挑战，考古学家越来越多地求助于人工智能和机器学习等先进技术。)”可知，考古学家与OpenAI合作是为了克服传统实地研究的局限性。故选C项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thewinningteamidentified67differentareasacrosstheAmazonthatcouldcontainhistoricallyvaluableremains.Usingdeeplearningmodelstrainedonpublicdata,includingsatelliteimagery,theteamtaughtanAIsystemtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithknownarchaeologicalsites.Thesystemthencomparedthosepatternswithunexploredregionsandhighlightedpromisinglocations,mainlyinBrazil,forfutureinvestigation.(获胜团队在亚马逊地区确定了67个可能包含有历史价值遗迹的不同区域。该团队利用基于包括卫星图像在内的公共数据训练的深度学习模型，教会了一个人工智能系统识别与已知考古遗址相关的模式。然后，该系统将这些模式与未探索的区域进行比较，并突出了未来调查的有希望的地点，主要在巴西。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了人工智能如何被用来识别潜在的考古遗址。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Byprocessingvastamountsofgeographicdatawithinashortperiodoftime,newerAImodelscouldlookbeyondestablishedtargetsandturnupentirelynewareasforinvestigation,saysParcak.Inaddition,manysitesaroundtheworldaredisappearingduetoenvironmentalchangeandhumanactivities.“WehaveaverylimitedperiodoftimetodocumenttheEarthandeverythingasitexistsnowbeforeitfundamentallychanges,”saysFisher.(Parcak说，通过在短时间内处理大量的地理数据，较新的人工智能模型可以超越既定的目标，找到全新的调查区域。此外，由于环境变化和人类活动，世界各地的许多遗址正在消失。Fisher说：“在地球和现在存在的一切发生根本性变化之前，我们记录地球和现在存在的一切的时间非常有限。”)”可知，人工智能在考古学中的作用是帮助扩大和加速遗址的发现。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ParcakandFisher,however,expecttoseemoreprivatecompanieslaunchingsimilarcompetitions.(然而，Parcak和Fisher预计会看到更多的私营公司发起类似的竞赛。)”以及前文对人工智能在考古学中应用的积极描述，可以推断出Parcak和Fisher对人工智能在考古学中的应用持支持态度。故选C项。DItiscommonlybelievedthathumanexcellenceisbestachievedwhenachildprodigy(神童)isschooledintensivelyinhisearlyyearsandgoesontoconquerhischosenfield.ButapaperpublishedinScienceattheendoflastyearsuggeststhattheperceivedwisdommaybewrong.Thisstudy,ledbyArneGüllich,asportsscientistattheRPTUUniversityKaiserslautern-LandauinGermany,analyzeddatafrommorethan34,000world-classperformersacrossseveralfields,includingsport,chess,classicalmusicandacademia.Itfoundastrikingpattern:about90%ofadultsuperstarshadnotbeenoutstandingaschildren,whileonlyaround10%oftop-performingchildrenlaterbecameexceptionaladults.Infact,childhoodexcellencewasnotapositivepredictorofadultsuccess;thetwowerenegativelycorrelated,accordingtoDrGüllich.Theadultsuperstarsalsofollowedadifferentdevelopmentalpathfromchildprodigies.Whenyoung,theirperformanceinthefieldtheyeventuallyspecializedintendedtofallbehindthatoftheirmorefocusedpeers.However,oncetheydidspecialize,theirprogressacceleratedrapidly,showinggreater“trainingefficiency”.Theresearchersproposedthreeexplanations.Thefirstsuggeststhatdelayingspecializationwhileexploringmultipleinterestsincreasesthechanceoffindingthefieldbestsuitedtoone’sabilities.TheyoungRafaelNadal-anall-time-greattennisplayer-toyedwithacareerinfootballbeforesettlingontennis.Second,learningitselfisalearnableskillandimprovesthroughvariedexperience,makinglaterfocusedtrainingmoreeffective.Finally,avoidingintenseearlyspecializationmayreducetheriskofburnoutcausedbyprolongednarrowfocus.Theresearchershopetoextendtheiranalysistomorefieldssuchasbusinessandart.Inthemeantime,DrGüllichemphasizesthathisteamisnotsayingtheearly-specializationmodeldoesnotwork.Itisareliablewaytoproducehighlycompetentpeople-justnotthetrulyworld-classones.Sportsacademies,selectiveschoolsandhigh-endmusicschools,inotherwords,maywanttoreconsiderhowtheydothings.12.WhatdoesthestudyledbyArneGüllichsuggest?A.Earlyexcellenceguaranteeslong-termsuccess.B.Childprodigiestendtoimprovefasterinadulthood.C.Mostadultsuperstarswasnotsoremarkablewhenyoung.D.Childhoodperformancepredictsadultachievement.13.WhichexplanationdoesNadal’sexampleillustrate?A.Enhancedlearning. B.Searchandmatch. C.Lowerburnoutrisk. D.Practiceandprogress.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Existingtrainingmodelsmayneedtobechanged.B.Earlyspecializationshouldbestrictlydiscouraged.C.Intensivetrainingproducesnohigh-levelperformers.D.World-classsuccessdependsmainlyonnaturaltalent.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?A.HowearlyhighachieversaretrainedtobeoutstandingB.Whychildprodigiesrarelybecometop-levelperformersC.Whatthepathtoworld-classexcellencereallylookslikeD.Whatthelimitsofintensiveearlytrainingareineducation【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，多数成年顶尖人才幼时并不出众，童年卓越与成年成功呈负相关。推迟专业探索、多元尝试更易成就卓越，现有培养模式或需调整。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itfoundastrikingpattern:about90%ofadultsuperstarshadnotbeenoutstandingaschildren,whileonlyaround10%oftop-performingchildrenlaterbecameexceptionaladults.Infact,childhoodexcellencewasnotapositivepredictorofadultsuccess;thetwowerenegativelycorrelated,accordingtoDrGüllich.(研究发现了一个惊人的模式：约90%的成年超级巨星在童年时期并非表现出色，而只有约10%的表现优异的儿童后来成为了杰出的成年人。事实上，童年时期的卓越表现并非成年成功的一个积极预测指标；根据古利希博士的说法，这两者之间存在负相关关系。)”可知，研究发现约90%的成年顶尖人才在童年时期并不出众，童年优秀并非成年成功的预测因素，甚至呈负相关。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thefirstsuggeststhatdelayingspecializationwhileexploringmultipleinterestsincreasesthechanceoffindingthefieldbestsuitedtoone’sabilities.TheyoungRafaelNadal-anall-time-greattennisplayer-toyedwithacareerinfootballbeforesettlingontennis.(第一种观点认为，在探索多种兴趣的同时延迟专业化，会增加找到最适合自身能力的领域的机会。比如，网球界的传奇人物拉斐尔·纳达尔在决定从事网球运动之前，曾尝试过足球。)”可知，纳达尔的例子对应第一条解释：推迟专业化、探索多种兴趣，能更大概率找到最适合自己的领域，即探索与匹配。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inthemeantime,DrGüllichemphasizesthathisteamisnotsayingtheearly-specializationmodeldoesnotwork.Itisareliablewaytoproducehighlycompetentpeople-justnotthetrulyworld-classones.Sportsacademies,selectiveschoolsandhigh-endmusicschools,inotherwords,maywanttoreconsiderhowtheydothings.(与此同时，古利希博士强调，他的团队并不是说早期专业化模式不起作用。这是一种培养出极具能力人才的有效方式——只是培养出的并非真正世界级的顶尖人才。换句话说，体育学院、择优学校和高端音乐学校或许应该重新审视一下他们的运作方式了。)”可知，最后一段提到体育学院、精英学校等或许需要重新思考培养方式，可推断现有的培养模式可能需要改变。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先反驳“神童早期高强度训练必成顶尖人才”的普遍观点，再通过研究揭示成年顶尖人才的成长规律与原因，核心是阐述通往世界级卓越的真正路径。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是“通往世界级卓越的道路到底是什么样的？”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ImagineyourselfpromisingtofinishthatreportbyThursday,orassuringyourpartneryou’llbereadyin“justfiveminutes.”Thenrealityhits,deadlinesflyby.____16____Mostpeopletendtosystematicallyunderestimatethetime,costandrisksforfutureactionswhileoverestimatingtheirbenefits.Thisisthe“planningfallacy(谬误),”whichcanbeverycostly,andcanevencreatehealthproblems.Herearesomestrategiesthatcanhelpyou.____17____Insteadofthinkingaboutthetask,usedata.Thinkbacktowhenyoulastcompletedasimilartask.Howlongdidittake?Thisworksbestifyoukeepsomeactualnotes.Forexample,beforeestimatinghowmuchtimeyouneedtoprepareyournextpresentation,reviewyournotesfromthelastthreepresentations.Addbuffers(缓冲)aspercentages.Addingbuffersisagoodidea,but“alittleextratime”willneverbeenough.____18____Add25percenttoyourestimate(insteadof10minutesmore).Ifyoustillendupneedingmore,add50percentnexttime.Ifyouareleftwithextratime,adjustitdownabitnexttime.Don’tbedepressedifyouendupadding150percentormore.Wearereallythatbadatestimatingduration.Breaktasksintosteps.Large,complextasksoftenfallvictimtotheplanningfallacy.____19____Breakbigprojectsintosmaller,morepredictablesteps,andestimatethedurationofeachone.It’seasiertoestimate“getthesalesdatafromlastquarter”than“completethedivision’sreport.”Thenexttimeyouthinkataskwilltakeonlyminutes,pauseandremembertheplanningfallacy.Thegoal,however,isnottobecomepessimisticaboutyourcapabilities.____20____Yourfutureselfwillthankyou.A.Youarenotalone.B.Learnaboutyourself.C.Makerealisticestimates.D.Thisisbecausetheyinvolvemanyunknowns.E.Onepracticalwayistoaddpercentagesinsteadoffixedtime.F.It’stobecomerealisticaboutthecomplexitiesoftherealworld.G.Itwilldamageyourreputationandmakeotherslosetrustinyou.【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.D20.F【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们常常低估未来行动所需的时间、成本和风险，高估其收益，即“计划谬误”，并给出了应对策略。【16题详析】上文“ImagineyourselfpromisingtofinishthatreportbyThursday,orassuringyourpartneryou’llbereadyin‘justfiveminutes.’Thenrealityhits,deadlinesflyby.(想象一下，你承诺在周四前完成那份报告，或者向你的伴侣保证你“只需要五分钟”就能准备好。然后现实来了，截止日期一晃而过。）”描述了人们常常低估完成任务所需时间的情况，下文“Mostpeopletendtosystematicallyunderestimatethetime,costandrisksforfutureactionswhileoverestimatingtheirbenefits.(大多数人倾向于系统性地低估未来行动的时间、成本和风险，同时高估其收益。)”进一步解释了这种现象的普遍性。A项“Youarenotalone.(你并不孤单。)”承上启下，说明这种情况很普遍，符合语境。故选A。【17题详析】下文“Insteadofthinkingaboutthetask,usedata.Thinkbacktowhenyoulastcompletedasimilartask.Howlongdidittake?Thisworksbestifyoukeepsomeactualnotes.(不要去想任务本身，而是使用数据。回想一下你上次完成类似任务是什么时候。花了多长时间？如果你做一些实际的笔记，这种方法效果最好。)”提出了一个具体的应对策略，即使用数据来更准确地估计时间。C项“Makerealisticestimates.(做出现实的估计。)”概括了本段内容，指出要做出符合实际的估计，符合题意，适合做小标题。故选C。【18题详析】上文“Addingbuffersisagoodidea,but‘alittleextratime’willneverbeenough.(增加缓冲是个好主意，但“多一点点时间”永远不够。)”指出增加缓冲时间是个好主意，但仅仅增加一点固定时间是不够的，下文“Add25percenttoyourestimate(insteadof10minutesmore).(在你的估计上增加25%（而不是再增加10分钟）。)”给出了具体的增加时间的方法，即按百分比增加。E项“Onepracticalwayistoaddpercentagesinsteadoffixedtime.(一个实用的方法是增加百分比而不是固定时间。)”承上启下，说明增加百分比是一个实用的方法，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】上文“Large,complextasksoftenfallvictimtotheplanningfallacy.(大型、复杂的任务常常成为计划谬误的牺牲品。)”指出大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影响，下文“Breakbigprojectsintosmaller,morepredictablesteps,andestimatethedurationofeachone.(把大项目分解成更小、更可预测的步骤，并估计每个步骤的持续时间。)”给出了应对策略，即把大任务分解成小任务。D项“Thisisbecausetheyinvolvemanyunknowns.(这是因为它们涉及许多未知因素。)”解释了为什么大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影响，即因为它们涉及许多未知因素，并引出下文的应对策略。故选D。【20题详析】上文“Thenexttimeyouthinkataskwilltakeonlyminutes,pauseandremembertheplanningfallacy.Thegoal,however,isnottobecomepessimisticaboutyourcapabilities.(下次当你认为一项任务只需要几分钟时，停下来想想计划谬误。然而，目标并不是对你的能力变得悲观。)”指出要记住计划谬误，但目标不是变得悲观，下文“Yourfutureselfwillthankyou.(未来的你会感谢你的。)”说明采取正确策略的好处。F项“It’stobecomerealisticaboutthecomplexitiesoftherealworld.(而是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识。)”承上启下，说明目标是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DonGlickmanwasaformerarchitectandcollegeprofessor.Hesenta____21____tomorethan100ofhisfavouritepeople,includingformerstudents,throughhisdaughterafterhisdeath.AccordingtoJasonSnape,oneofhisdesign____22____,hewasoneoftheluckyreceiversofthepostcardwiththe____23____,“Ifyou’rereadingthis,I’m____24____,andIreally____25____you.”“Itwasthe____26____thingIexpected,”SnapetoldTheWashingtonPost.“Itmademelaughreallyhard.”HealsocreditedGlickmanasahuge____27____throughouthiscareer.“Ihopeyouallhadateacherlikehim,inspiringusonourway.”Don’sdaughter,Leah,saidthepostcardidea____28____herfatherlastsummerwhenhewasinhomehospice(临终关怀).She____29____namesandaddresses,mailedthecards,andaddedafinalmessage.“After94yearsonthisplanet,mydadhasdeparted,”themessage_____30_____.“Hislast_____31_____werefilledwithicecream,musicandlove.”_____32_____theGlickmanfamilywasneveronetocolourtheideaofdeath,Leahhopedthatthisfinalprojectcouldencourageotherstothink_____33_____aboutdeath.“Itdoesn’thavetobeso_____34_____,”sheadded.“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtobeabletomakethesedecisionsattheendofyourlife,youshouldfeel_____35_____tomakethem.”21.A.letter B.postcard C.gift D.will22.A.students B.friends C.colleagues D.kids23.A.article B.title C.message D.story24.A.sick B.lost C.alive D.dead25.A.annoyed B.hated C.respected D.liked26.A.best B.worst C.last D.first27.A.ambition B.inspiration C.pioneer D.leader28.A.cameto B.stuckwith C.hungover D.grewon29.A.shared B.announced C.researched D.collected30.A.recalled B.wrote C.read D.claimed31.A.nights B.days C.years D.seconds32.A.Unless B.Since C.Before D.While33.A.similarly B.differently C.deeply D.happily34.A.frightening B.painful C.abnormal D.unusual35.A.proud B.prepared C.free D.encouraged【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.C31.B32.D33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了前建筑师兼大学教授唐·格利克曼临终前嘱托女儿给百余位亲友寄明信片，表达喜爱，其女儿希望借此让人们以不同视角看待死亡，不必畏惧。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他去世后，他通过女儿向100多位他特别珍视的人寄出了明信片，其中包括他的昔日学生。A.letter信；B.postcard明信片；C.gift礼物；D.will遗嘱。根据下文“oneoftheluckyreceiversofthepostcard”可知，他的女儿通过他向100多位他特别珍视的人寄出了明信片。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据唐的学生杰森·斯内普说，他是收到这张写着“如果你正在读这封信，那我死了，而且我真的很喜欢你”这封信的幸运者之一。A.students学生；B.friends朋友；C.colleagues同事；D.kids孩子。根据第一段提到“formerstudents”，且后文说“Ihopeyouallhadateacherlikehim”可知，此处指的是唐的学生杰森·斯内普。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据唐的学生杰森·斯内普说，他是收到这张写着“如果你正在读这封信，那我死了，而且我真的很喜欢你”这封信的幸运者之一。A.article文章；B.title标题；C.message留言，信息；D.story故事。根据下文““Ifyou’rereadingthis,I’m____,andIreally____you.””可知，明信片上写的是一段话，即“信息/留言”。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据唐的学生杰森·斯内普说，他是收到这张写着“如果你正在读这封信，那我死了，而且我真的很喜欢你”这封信的幸运者之一。A.sick生病的；B.lost迷路的；C.alive活着的；D.dead去世的。根据第一段中“afterhisdeath”可知，明信片内容是死后寄出的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据唐的学生杰森·斯内普说，他是收到这张写着“如果你正在读这封信，那我死了，而且我真的很喜欢你”这封信的幸运者之一。A.annoyed使生气；B.hated讨厌；C.respected尊重；D.liked喜欢。根据下文““Itwasthe____thingIexpected,”SnapetoldTheWashingtonPost.“Itmademelaughreallyhard.””提到它让我笑得很厉害，所以此处是“我真的喜欢你”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这是我最没想到的事，”斯内普告诉《华盛顿邮报》。A.best最好的；B.worst最坏的；C.last最后的；D.first第一的。根据语境以及下文“Iexpected”可知，此处指的是斯内普告诉《华盛顿邮报》“这是他最没想到的事情”。thelastthingoneexpects是固定搭配，表示“某人最没想到的事”。故选C项。【