贵州六盘水市2026届下学期一模高三英语素养训练（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州六盘水市2026届下学期一模高三英语素养训练第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whydoesthemanwanttosellhiscar?A.Itisnoteco-friendly.B.Itisunreliable.C.Itistooold.【答案】A【原文】W:Thiscarlooksgreat.Youjustboughtityearsago.What’sthereasonforselling?M:Itisreliable,butbadfortheenvironment.I’mthinkingofbuyinganelectriccar.W:Thatmakessense.It’scheaperandmoreeco-friendly.2.Whatistheman’sattitudetoMrSmith’steachingstyle?A.Opposed. B.Indifferent. C.Appreciative.【答案】C【原文】W:MrSmith’steachingstyleisreallyengagingespeciallywhenheusesreallifeexamples.M:Ican’tagreemore.Heexplainstoughstuffsoclearlythateventhemostcomplextopicseemseasy.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anaturefilm. B.Awildanimal. C.Afamousdirector.【答案】A【原文】W:Didyouwatchthefilmaboutwildlifeinthenorthpolelastnight?Thecameraworkwasfantastic.M:Absolutely.Iheardthedirectorspenttwoyearsrecordingpolarbearsbehaviorinextremeconditions.4.Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.Hangoutwiththeman.B.WatchTVathome.C.Workovertime.【答案】C【原文】M:Areyoufreetohangoutthisevening?W:IwishIcould,butIhavesomuchworktofinish.I’llbestuckintheofficelateagain.M:You’vebeenbusylately.W:Yeah.IthasbeentwoweekssinceIlastwatchedTVathome.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonextwiththebrokenmachine?A.Repairithimself. B.CallHenrytofixit. C.Buyanewonetoreplaceit.【答案】A【原文】W:Thewashingmachinedoesn’tworkagain.ShouldIaskHenrytofixit?Heisgoodatsolvingtheseproblems.M:Noneed.I’vedownloadedarepairguideonline.W:Great.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Employerandemployee.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheuniversity?A.Stressed. B.Unhappy. C.Satisfied.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Hi,I’mamemberofthestudentunionintheuniversity.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsjustletmeknow.W:Thanks.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere.M:Thisismyfourthyear.I’llgraduate,sothisismyfirstyearwithoutlessonsandlecturestogodo.W:Thatmustbenice.Iknewhere.Ilovetheuniversity.Everythingissogoodandeveryoneseemssofriendly.M:Gladtohearthat.Seeyouaround.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatdidMikeforgettobring?A.Somevideos. B.Allpictures. C.Theresearchpaper.9.Whenwillthespeakersgiveapresentationoftheirproject?A.Thismorning. B.Tomorrowmorning. C.Thisafternoon.【答案】8.C9.B【原文】W:Mike,whereistheresearchpaper?Yousaidyouwouldbringittotheclass.Wemustputitintoourpresentation.M:IknewIforgotsomethingathomethismorning.Thatwasit.W:Everyoneelseinclasshasalmostfinishedtheproject.We’llhavetofinishitthisafternooninthelibrary.M:Sorry,Sarah.IwasjustsotiredthismorningwhenIleftforschool.W:It’sokay.Idon’tmeantoblameyou.Ijustbroughtmylaptopwithallmypicturesandvideosforthepresentation,sothepaperistheonlythingwe’remissing.M:Iunderstand.Don’tworry.IpromiseI’llbringthepaperthisafternoon.We’llbereadytopresenttheprojecttomorrowmorning.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Howmanychildrendoesthewomanhave?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.11.Whatdidthewoman’ssondolastweekend?A.Hewentshopping.B.Hehadabirthdayparty.C.Heplayedballsports.12.Whatdidthespeakerspurchaselastweekend?A.Abirthdaycake. B.Someclothes. C.Somefood.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【原文】M:Stacey,howwasyourlastweekend?W:Great.Iwentshoppingandhaddinnerwithmyeldestdaughter.Itwasagreattimeforus.M:Nice!Ididn’tknowyouweremarried.W:Actually.Ihavethreedaughtersandason.Mytwoyoungerdaughtersrefusedshoppingandmysonchosetoplayfootballandbasketballwithmyhusband.M:Didyoubuymuch?W:Yes.Iboughtadressformysisterasit’sherfiftiethbirthdayonWednesdayandIboughtcoatsformychildrenasithasbeensnowinglately.M:Ialsoboughtwarmtrouserslastweekend.Imissedthewarmweathersometimes.Imightgosomewherewarmtospendmyholiday.W:Soundswonderful.Personallyspeaking,IquitelikethistimeofyearasitwillbeChristmassoon.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.B.Applyingforaposition.C.Teachingliteratureintheschool.14.Howlonghasthewomanbeenteaching?A.Forfiveyears. B.Fortenyears. C.Forfifteenyears.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasgotadoctor’sdegree.B.Sheisgoodatwriting.C.Shelackscommunicationskills.16.Whydoesthewomanwanttoworkintheschool?A.Itisclosetoherhouse.B.Itsrulesarequiteloose.C.Itsvaluesmatchhermorals.【答案】13.A14.B15.B16.C【原文】M:Hello,Lucy.Nicetomeetyou.W:Morning!Thankyouforseeingme,sir.M:Whydoyouthinkyouaresuitableforthisposition?W:BecauseIlovetoteach,andIamverypassionateaboutliterature.Havingtaughtattwootherschoolsoverthepasttenyears,IhavelotsofexperienceandIreceivedmymaster’sdegreefiveyearsago.M:Whatareyourstrengths?W:Ihavegreatcommunicationskills.Icanspeakinfrontoflargegroupsofpeoplecomfortably.IbelievethatmypassionforliteraturewouldaidmeinmyroleandIhavepublishedmyownpoemsandstories.M:Whatareyourweaknesses?W:Mymainweaknessmaypaytoomuchattentiontodiscipline.SometimesIamtoostrictwithmystudentsespeciallywhentheymakemistakes.M:Isee,andwhydoyouwantajobhere?W:Becausetheschool’svaluesareinlinewithmymorals.Theschoolrulesarefairandstrict.M:Whatisthereasonthatyouleftyourlastschool?W:Althoughitisclosetomyhome,thereweretwofewphysicalactivitiesinthatschool.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdidthewoman’sfamilytaketotravelintocentralLondon?A.Thetaxi. B.Thebus. C.Theunderground.18.WhatwastheweatherlikewhenthewomanwasontheLondonEye?A.Foggy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.19.WhatdoesthewomansayabouttheusualweatherinLondon?A.Changeable. B.Constant. C.Pleasant.20.WhatisWinterWonderland?A.Anationalpark. B.AChristmasactivity. C.AChineserestaurant.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.B【原文】Myname’sSophia.I’mgoingtoshowyoumytriptoLondon.AlthoughtheundergroundendsthetaxiarefastwaysintocentralLondonmyfamilydecidedtotakethebus,sowecouldlookoutofthewindowwhiletraveling.Unfortunatelytherewassomuchfogthatwecouldn’tseeclearlywhenwewereontheLondoneye.Eventhoughtheweatherwasbad,itdidn’tstopusfromhavingagoodtime.UsuallyyoucanexperiencefourseasonsallinoneweekinLondon.Itrainsjustaminuteagobutthenitbecomessunny.TherewereChristmastreeseverywhere.TherewerealsosomanyChristmasactivities.WinterwonderlandinHydePark,oneofthemostpopularoneswasappealingtome.AfteradayofexploringweATEoutinaChineserestaurant.Londonismulticulturalwithcuisinesfromallovertheworld.IhopeyouenjoyfollowingmearoundLondon.Pleasecommentbelowandletmeknowwhatyourfavouritepartis.Thanksforwatchingtoday.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVisitingJoshuaTreeNationalParkisoftendescribedasanout-of-this-worldexperience.It’sanextraordinaryplacetoconnectwiththebeautyandpeacenatureoffers.ThebesttimetovisititItisopentothepublicyear-round.Temperaturesaremostcomfortableinthespringandfall.ThespringwildflowerbloomusuallystartsinJanuaryorFebruaryatlowerelevations(海拔)andpeakspark-widefromAprilthroughJune.OctoberthroughMayisthebusiesttimeofyear,especiallyholidayweekends.ThebestviewsKeysViewisoneofthemosticonicviewsintheentireparksystem.It’slocatedonthetopoftheLittleSanBernardinoMountains.TheviewisespeciallycharmingatduskwhenPalmSprings,Indio,andothervalleycitiessparklewithmillionsoflights.Intheheartofthepark,5,456-foot-highRyanMountaingivesabird’s-eyeviewofHiddenValleyandQueenValleyatthetopofasteep,difficulthikethattotalsthreemiles.Arepetsallowedinit?Petsarenotallowedonhikingtrails(路线)orinparkbuildings,oranywhereinthebackcountry.Theyarepermittedwithin100feetofroads,parkingareas,andcampgroundsbutmustalwaysremainonaleash.Isitaccessible?Allvisitorcentersarewheelchairaccessibleandhaveaccessibleparkingspaces,informationdesks,andrestrooms.JumboRocksandIndianCovecampgroundsofferaccessiblecampsitesandfacilities.Withpavedsurfaces,trailsattheOasisofMaraandKeysViewarethebestforwheelchairs.21.Whichmonthisthebesttimetoseethepark’swildflowers?A.January. B.March. C.May. D.July.22.WhatdoesKeysViewfeature?A.Duskviews. B.Peacefultrails.C.Difficulthikes. D.Charmingvalleys.23.WhatcanweknowaboutJoshuaTreeNationalPark?A.Itlacksaccessibility. B.Itisdisability-friendly.C.Itfullywelcomespets. D.Itisbusyallyearround.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了约书亚树国家公园的游览最佳时间、最佳观景地、宠物规定以及无障碍设施等相关信息。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThespringwildflowerbloomusuallystartsinJanuaryorFebruaryatlowerelevations(海拔)andpeakspark-widefromAprilthroughJune.(春季野花通常在1月或2月从低海拔地区开始绽放，整个公园的花期在4月至6月达到顶峰。)”可知，5月属于花期顶峰时段，是观赏野花的最佳月份。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheviewisespeciallycharmingatduskwhenPalmSprings,Indio,andothervalleycitiessparklewithmillionsoflights.(这里的景色在黄昏时格外迷人，棕榈泉、印第奥和其他山谷城市会闪烁着数百万盏灯光。)”可知，KeysView的特色是黄昏美景。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Allvisitorcentersarewheelchairaccessibleandhaveaccessibleparkingspaces,informationdesks,andrestrooms.JumboRocksandIndianCovecampgroundsofferaccessiblecampsitesandfacilities.Withpavedsurfaces,trailsattheOasisofMaraandKeysViewarethebestforwheelchairs.(所有游客中心都设有无障碍通道、无障碍停车位、信息台和洗手间。巨石营地和印度湾营地提供无障碍露营地和设施。马拉绿洲和KeysView的步道有铺设好的路面，最适合轮椅通行。)”可知，约书亚树国家公园为残障人士提供了便利设施，是残障友好型的。故选B项。BAsacommercialsolutionsmanagerinacompany,RobertKurtzfindshimselfworkingrightinthemiddleofacomposting(堆肥)revolution.ThecompostingcompanyisbasedinCleveland,Ohio.Thegoalistodealwithgrowingclimatechallengesbyrecyclingasmuchfoodwasteaspossible,especiallyastheclimatewarms.“Ifwe’regoingtomeettheclimategoalsthathavebeensetoutbyourleadersandscientists,we’regoingtohavetotacklefoodwaste,”Kurtzsays.Wastedfoodwindsupinlandfills.Asitbreaksdown,itcreatesagaswhichtrapsheatintheatmosphereandfuelsclimatechange.ItisreportedthattheaveragefamiliesintheUSspendlargeamountsofmoneyperyearonfoodthatdoesn’tgeteaten.Businesseswastefoodtoo.That’swhereKurtz’sjobcomesin.Everyday,Kurtzcontactsgrocerystores,restaurants,andotherfood-servicebusinesses.Heeducatesthemabouttheharmfuleffectsoffoodwaste.Thenheasksifthey’rewillingtochangethewaytheydisposeoftheirexcessfood.Besides,heguidesthecompostingcompanyandpersuadesothercompaniesandhouseholdstodosomethingdifferentlywiththeirfoodwaste.Underhisguidance,thecompany’s7trucksand30employeespickuptheirclients’extrafood.Thentheycompostit,turningitintosoil.Compostsoilismuchmorethanjustdirt.It’smadeupoffiveingredientsthatcombinetohelpplantsgrow.That’swhyKurtzandhiscolleaguesofferasecondservice:Theysellthecomposted,nutrient-richsoiltopeopleandbusinessesthatneedit.Inadditiontopartneringwithhouseholdsandbusinesses,theyteamupwithlocalschools.Inanelementaryschool,theyhelpthekitchenstaffcompostitsfoodscraps.The500studentsworktogethertoplacetheirfoodwasteintobinsduringlunchperiods.Thebinsarethencollectedbythecompany.EmilyCassisafarm-to-schoolcoordinator.“Thisprogramhascreatedaspaceforallstudentstobecomeenvironmentalguardiansintheirowncafeteriawhentheymightnototherwisehavetheopportunity,”Casssays.24.Whatdoesthecompostingrevolutionaimtodo?A.Toclassifywastedfood. B.Tofightclimatechange.C.Tomeetcommercialchallenges. D.Toproducethebesttypesoffood.25.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlysayaboutKurtz?A.Hisdailywork. B.Hisfoodwaste. C.Hisdailyclients. D.Hisfoodconsumption.26.Whatspiritisshowninthe500students’actionofdealingwithfoodwaste?A.Honesty. B.Bravery. C.Cooperation. D.Independence.27.WhatisCass’sattitudetoKurtz’sbusiness?A.Indifferent. B.Suspicious. C.Appreciative. D.Cautious.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了堆肥公司经理罗伯特·库尔茨通过回收食物垃圾应对气候变化。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thegoalistodealwithgrowingclimatechallengesbyrecyclingasmuchfoodwasteaspossible,especiallyastheclimatewarms.(目标是尽可能多地回收食物垃圾，以应对日益严峻的气候挑战，尤其是在气候变暖的情况下。)”可知，堆肥革命旨在应对气候变化。故选B。【25题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Everyday,Kurtzcontactsgrocerystores,restaurants,andotherfood-servicebusinesses.Heeducatesthemabouttheharmfuleffectsoffoodwaste.Thenheasksifthey’rewillingtochangethewaytheydisposeoftheirexcessfood.Besides,heguidesthecompostingcompanyandpersuadesothercompaniesandhouseholdstodosomethingdifferentlywiththeirfoodwaste.Underhisguidance,thecompany’s7trucksand30employeespickuptheirclients’extrafood.Thentheycompostit,turningitintosoil.(每天，库尔茨都会联系杂货店、餐馆和其他食品服务企业。他向他们宣传食物浪费的危害。然后他询问他们是否愿意改变处理多余食物的方式。此外，他还指导堆肥公司，并说服其他公司和家庭以不同的方式处理他们的食物垃圾。在他的指导下，公司的7辆卡车和30名员工收集客户的剩余食物。然后他们将其堆肥，变成土壤。)”可知，本段主要介绍了库尔茨的日常工作。故选A。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“The500studentsworktogethertoplacetheirfoodwasteintobinsduringlunchperiods.(500名学生在午餐时间一起将食物垃圾放入垃圾桶。)”可知，500名学生在处理食物垃圾时展现出了合作精神。故选C。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thisprogramhascreatedaspaceforallstudentstobecomeenvironmentalguardiansintheirowncafeteriawhentheymightnototherwisehavetheopportunity(这个项目为所有学生创造了一个空间，让他们在自己的自助餐厅里成为环境守护者，否则他们可能没有这样的机会)”可知，卡斯认为库尔茨的项目为学生提供了成为环境守护者的机会，因此她对库尔茨的业务持赞赏态度。故选C。CWildcatsshowcaseasurprisingdiversityofeyecolors,provingamysteryforresearchers.Mostwildspeciesareknowntohavenarroweyecolorranges,usuallyblack,brown,oryellow.Eyecolors’evolutionishardtotrack.Fossilsdon’tpreserveit;preservedsampleshaveartificialeyes;mostbooksillustrateonlyoneexampleperspecies.Now,scientistshaveusedabundantonlinephotographsofwildcatstochartthetransitionfrombrowneyestocolorssuchasgreenandblue—andfoundsomethingofagrayarea.Anyanimal’seyecolorisdeterminedbyitslevelsoftwomelaninpigments(黑色素)—eumelanin,whichmakesbrown-black,andpheomelanin,whichmakesred-yellow.Eyecolorsvaryaccordingtotheamountsofeach,withdifferentcombinationsleadingtocolorssuchasblue,green,andgray.Scientists,TabinandKatherine,usedaprocesscalledancestralstatereconstructiontodeterminetheeyecolorsofextinctwildcatspeciesbasedonthoseoftheirlivingdescendants.TheyexaminedtheclearestimagessubmittedtothedatabaseiNaturalist,thenclassifiedeachcat’seyecolor,andmappedthedatatothecatfamilytree,usinganalgorithm(算法)tofindeachcommonancestor’spossibleeyecolors.Thealgorithmaccountedforthelikelihoodofcertainchangesandfiguredinthetimesincespeciesseparatedinordertogeneratethelikeliestcolorsateverysplit.“It’sawaywecanactuallylookintotheeyesofthewildcat’sancestor,”Tabinsays.“Theancestordevelopedgrayeyes,andthentheeyecolordiversityjustexploded.”Onceaneyewithmoderateamountsofbotheumelaninandpheomelaninappeared(producinggrayeyes),blueandgreenwerenotfarbehind.Thescientistsnexttriedtoconnectthediscoveredeyecolorswithnumerousfactors,includinghabitat,furcolor,andhuntingbehavior,tohelpexplainwhythoseshadeshadevolved.Buttheyfoundlittlecorrelation.“Siberiandogshavethosebrightblueeyesbecausewewantedthemtoandbredthemaccordingly,butinwildcats,Ihavenoideawhat’sgoingonhere,”Tabinsays.Perhapscatspreferparticulareyecolorsinmates—butitwouldbechallengingtotest.28.Whydowildcats’eyecolorspuzzleresearchers?A.Theirdiversitycontradictsexpectedpatterns. B.Fossilscannotpreserveeyecolorinformation.C.Toomanyspeciesexisttocompareeffectively. D.Lightingconditionsaltercolorsinonlinephotos.29.Howdidthescientistsconducttheirstudyonwildcats’eyecolors?A.Byobservingfossilrecordsofextinctcats. B.Byanalyzingphotosfromanonlinedatabase.C.Byexaminingmelaninpigmentsinlivingcats. D.Bystudyingartificialeyesofpreservedsamples.30.Whatcanwelearnabouttheevolutionofwildcats’eyecolorsfromTabin’swords?A.Extinctcatshadonlyoneeyecolortype. B.Grayeyesledtodifferenteyecolorslater.C.Blueandgreeneyesappearedbeforegrayeyes. D.Grayeyescamefromhighmelaninpigmentamounts.31.HowdoesTabinfeelabouttheevolutionofwildcats’eyecolors?A.Pleased. B.Relieved. C.Frightened. D.Confused.【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家通过研究野生猫科动物的眼睛颜色，发现其祖先最先演化出灰色眼睛，随后眼睛颜色变得多样化，且目前尚未找到眼睛颜色演化与环境、习性等因素的关联。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Wildcatsshowcaseasurprisingdiversityofeyecolors,provingamysteryforresearchers.Mostwildspeciesareknowntohavenarroweyecolorranges,usuallyblack,brown,oryellow.(野生猫科动物展现出惊人的眼睛颜色多样性，这对研究人员来说是个谜。大多数野生动物的眼睛颜色范围很窄，通常是黑色、棕色或黄色。)”可知，野生猫科动物眼睛颜色的多样性与预期的模式相悖，因此让研究者感到困惑。故选A。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyexaminedtheclearestimagessubmittedtothedatabaseiNaturalist,thenclassifiedeachcat’seyecolor,andmappedthedatatothecatfamilytree.(他们查看了提交到iNaturalist数据库中最清晰的图片，然后对每只猫的眼睛颜色进行分类，并将数据映射到猫科动物的进化树上。)”可知，科学家通过分析在线数据库中的照片开展研究。故选B。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“‘It’sawaywecanactuallylookintotheeyesofthewildcat’sancestor,’Tabinsays.‘Theancestordevelopedgrayeyes,andthentheeyecolordiversityjustexploded.’(‘这是一种我们真正能够窥见野生猫科动物祖先眼睛的方式，’塔宾说，‘祖先演化出了灰色眼睛，之后眼睛颜色的多样性就爆发了。’)”可知，灰色眼睛之后催生了多种多样的眼睛颜色。故选B。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Siberiandogshavethosebrightblueeyesbecausewewantedthemtoandbredthemaccordingly,butinwildcats,Ihavenoideawhat’sgoingonhere,’Tabinsays.(‘西伯利亚犬拥有明亮的蓝眼睛是因为人类刻意选育，但对于野生猫科动物，我完全不知道背后的原因。’塔宾说。)”可知，塔宾对野生猫科动物眼睛颜色的演化感到困惑。故选D。DOursolarsystemorbitstheMilkyWaygalaxy’scenteronceaboutevery210millionyears,travelingalongataround240kilometerspersecond—anastonishingratewedon’tfeelbecausetheentiresystemmovesatthesameconstantspeed.Butanewstudysuggestsoursolarsystemisalaggardintheuniversecomparedwithonesysteminourgalaxythatwassomehowacceleratedtoaspeedof541kilometersasecond,makingittheswiftestplanetarysystemeverfound.“Thisspeedwasextremelyhighandkindofshocking,”saysastrophysicistTerry.Itintroducesaseriesofquestionsaboutthesurvivabilityofthesetypesofsystems.Thisgalacticspeed“monster”appearstocenteronareddwarfstar(红矮星)whichissmallerandlessbrightthanoursun.It’sabout24,500lightyearsfromEarthandsome1,500lightyearsawayfromourgalaxy’scenter.Astronomersdiscoveredthestarandasuspectedaccompanyingplanetaftera2011“microlensing”eventcalledMOA-2011-BLG-262,whenthesystempassedinfrontofabackgroundstarandbentthelatter’slight.Terryandhiscolleaguesobservedthesystemagainin2021.Theyfoundthatitsknownplanetismostlikelyagasgiantwithabout29timesEarth’smassthatorbitsitsstaratadistancebetweenthoseatwhichVenusandEarthorbitoursun.Theresearchersalsomappedthesystem’spositioninthe2021datarelativetowhereitwasaboutadecadeprior,revealinghowfastittraveled.Itmightbeahyper-speedstarsystem,anexampleofarareclassofastronomicalobjectsthathavebeenspedupbypastencounterswithotherstars’gravity—orevenbyagravitationalslingshot(弹弓)fromthesupermassiveblackholeatthecenterofourgalaxy.Theseobjectstravelfasterthan500kilometersasecond,andthespeediestknownonetravelsatover2,000kilometersasecond.“It’sanextraordinarycategoryofstars,”Terrysays,estimatingthatthesysteminthisstudymorethandoubleditsspeedafteritsowndramaticencounter.“Noprevioushyper-speedstarshavebeenfoundwithplanets.Thismightopenupanewstudyoftheoriginandevolutionofplanetsaroundveryhigh-speedstars,”headds.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“laggard”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Somethingmovingslowly. B.Somethingbecomingfamous.C.Somethingtravelingendlessly. D.Somethinglookingincomparable.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“monster”fromparagraph2?A.Itsstarismuchbrighterthanoursun.B.Itsplanet’smassisidenticaltoVenus’s.C.It’sasystemdiscoveredthroughitsownlight.D.It’sclosertothegalacticcenterthanEarth.34.WhatdoesTerrythinkofthediscovery?A.Itisaccidental. B.Itiscommon. C.Itispioneering. D.Itisstrange.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMilkyWayGalaxy’sCenterB.TheSolarSystem’sBrightStarsC.TheFastestAstronomicalObjectsD.ThePlanetarySystemSpeedRecord【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天文学家发现了银河系中速度最快的行星系统，该系统的运行速度远超太阳系，引发了关于此类系统生存性、行星起源与演化的一系列新研究。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“OursolarsystemorbitstheMilkyWaygalaxy’scenteronceaboutevery210millionyears,travelingalongataround240kilometerspersecond—anastonishingratewedon’tfeelbecausetheentiresystemmovesatthesameconstantspeed.Butanewstudysuggestsoursolarsystemisalaggardintheuniversecomparedwithonesysteminourgalaxythatwassomehowacceleratedtoaspeedof541kilometersasecond,makingittheswiftestplanetarysystemeverfound.(太阳系绕银河系中心运行一周约需2.1亿年，运行速度约为每秒240公里——这一惊人速度我们无法感知，因为整个系统以相同的恒定速度运动。但一项新研究表明，与银河系中一个被加速到每秒541公里的行星系统相比，我们的太阳系是宇宙中的laggard，该系统是迄今为止发现的速度最快的行星系统。)”可知，太阳系速度约240公里/秒，新发现系统速度达541公里/秒，二者对比能看出“laggard”表示“移动缓慢的事物”。故选A。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“It’sabout24,500lightyearsfromEarthandsome1,500lightyearsawayfromourgalaxy’scenter.(它距离地球约24500光年，距离银河系中心约1500光年。)”结合地球距离银河系中心约26000光年的常识，可知该系统比地球更靠近银河系中心。故选D。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Noprevioushyper-speedstarshavebeenfoundwithplanets.Thismightopenupanewstudyoftheoriginandevolutionofplanetsaroundveryhigh-speedstars,”headds.(“此前从未发现过带有行星的超高速恒星。这可能会开启对超高速恒星周围行星起源与演化的新研究。”他补充道。)”可知，Terry认为该发现是首次发现带有行星的超高速恒星系统，能开辟新的研究方向，属于开创性的发现。故选C。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butanewstudysuggestsoursolarsystemisalaggardintheuniversecomparedwithonesysteminourgalaxythatwassomehowacceleratedtoaspeedof541kilometersasecond,makingittheswiftestplanetarysystemeverfound.(但一项新研究表明，与银河系中一个被加速到每秒541公里的行星系统相比，我们的太阳系是宇宙中的移动缓慢的事物，该系统是迄今为止发现的速度最快的行星系统。)”以及全文围绕该速度最快的行星系统展开介绍其特征、发现过程、研究意义等内容，可知本文核心是介绍这一打破速度纪录的行星系统，D选项“ThePlanetarySystemSpeedRecord(行星系统速度纪录)”最能概括全文主旨。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Switchingfromhighschooltocollegecanbeabigchangeforstudents,withmanymovingawayfromfamilyandfriendsforthefirsttime.____36____.BepreparedtobetreatedasanadultThetransitionfromhighschooltocollegeismorethanjustamovetoahigherlevelofeducation.____37____.Andalthoughstudentsmaynotfeelquitelikeadults,that’showcollegesanduniversitieswilltreatthem.Mailandinformationsurroundinggradesandfinancialaidwillgotostudentsinsteadofparents.Embracetime-managementtoolsCollegeoffersasenseofindependencethatmanystudentsdidn’thaveintheirhighschoolyears.____38____.Butthereareplentyofdigitaltoolsdesignedforstudents,andalittleorganizationcangoalongwayinmakingsuretimeisusedwisely.Smartphoneappsandtoolscanhelpstudentslimittimeonentertainmentandsocialmediaandmaintaintheirstudyschedules.____39____Collegepushesstudentstodevelopstrongcommunication.Fromgroupprojectstocommunicatingwithprofessors,anabilitytoconveyideasclearlyandworkcollaborativelywillservestudentswell.Thatincludesdealingwithsocialissues.Partoflearningasanadultislearningtohaverelationshipsandconversationswithpeoplethataredifferentfromyou.Makeaplanformanagingyourmoney____40____.Theyshouldspeakwiththeirparentsaboutfinancesandcreateabudget.Becauseexpensescanaddup,it’swisetolookforwaystosavemoney.Bemindfulofspendingandplantobemoreselectiveabouthowandwheretospend.A.PolishyourpeopleskillsB.ResearchwaystogetinvolvedC.StudentsshouldstartgettingusedtotheincreasedworkloadD.UniversitystudentsmayfindthemselvesinfinancialdifficultiesE.Inmanyways,itrepresentsthechangefromchildhoodintoadulthoodF.Forthosestressingoverthisnewlifechapter,therearewaystoprepareG.Balancingtheacademicandsocialdemandsofcollegecanbeachallenge【答案】36.F37.E38.G39.A40.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为从高中过渡到大学的学生提供了五条实用的适应建议，帮助学生顺利应对这一人生新阶段的变化。【36题详析】由上文“Switchingfromhighschooltocollegecanbeabigchangeforstudents,withmanymovingawayfromfamilyandfriendsforthefirsttime.(从高中过渡到大学对学生来说是一个巨大的变化，许多人第一次远离家人和朋友。)”可知，本句引出了“高中到大学的转变”这一话题，空处需要承接上文，引出下文的具体建议。F选项“Forthosestressingoverthisnewlifechapter,therearewaystoprepare(对于那些为这个人生新篇章感到压力的人来说，有一些准备的方法)”承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“thisnewlifechapter”指代上文的“Switchingfromhighschooltocollege”，且“thereareways”引出下文的五条建议。故选F。【37题详析】由上文“Thetransitionfromhighschooltocollegeismorethanjustamovetoahigherlevelofeducation.(从高中到大学的转变不仅仅是进入更高层次的教育。)”以及下文“Andalthoughstudentsmaynotfeelquitelikeadults,that’showcollegesanduniversitieswilltreatthem.(尽管学生可能还不太觉得自己是成年人，但大学就是这样对待他们的。)”可知，本空要表达高中到大学的转变的深层含义，且与“成年”相关。E选项“Inmanyways,itrepresentsthechangefromchildhoodintoadulthood(在很多方面，它代表着从童年到成年的转变)”承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“it”指代上文的“Thetransitionfromhighschooltocollege”，且“adulthood”与下文的“adults”相呼应。故选E。【38题详析】由上文“Collegeoffersasenseofindependencethatmanystudentsdidn’thaveintheirhighschoolyears.(大学提供了许多学生在高中时期没有的独立感。)”以及下文“Butthereareplentyofdigitaltoolsdesignedforstudents,andalittleorganizationcangoalongwayinmakingsuretimeisusedwisely.(但是有很多为学生设计的数字工具，一点条理就能在确保明智地利用时间方面大有帮助。)”可知，本空要表达大学独