贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州2026届高三下学期模拟预测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州2026届高三下学期模拟预测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhatwillAndydonext?A.Leaveschool. B.Readabook. C.Buypencils.【答案】A【原文】W:Hello,Andy!Putyourpencildownandcloseyourbook.Nomoreschool,youarefreetogo!It’sFriday.Youdeserveabreak.M:Cheers!MissGlen.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Preparingforaparty. B.Shoppingatastore. C.Havingdinner.【答案】A【原文】W:Jason,thedinnerpartybeginsinfortyminutes.Weshouldgetgoingandyouhaven’tgotdressedyet.M:I’mconsideringwhethertowearasuitandatie.3.Whatisthemanupsetabout?A.Onlineshopping. B.Readingoutside. C.Thenoise.【答案】C【原文】M:Iplannedtodosomereadingtoday,butIjustcan’tconcentrate.Thenoiseoutsideisveryannoying.W:Thencomeandshoponlinewithme!M:OK.Idislikegoingtostores.4.Whenwillthemangoonholidaywithhisparents?A.InJune. B.InJuly. C.InAugust.【答案】B【原文】W:AreyougoingtostartyourholidayinJune?M:No,IamthinkingaboutgoingtoAfricainJulyorinAugust,andmyparentsprefertheformerbecausetheywanttogowithme.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheeventuallywonthegame.B.Sheignoredherqueeninthegame.C.Shedefeatedthemaninthreemoves.【答案】A【原文】M:Thischessgamewillbeoverinthreemoves.Ihaveasecretplan,whichmeansIcannotlose!W:No,thegamewillbeoverinonemove.Look!M:Ohno!Youwin!Ididn’tseeyourqueenbehindmycastle!第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ateachingplan. B.Astudentassignment. C.Anewpieceofsoftware.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Storefiles. B.Takeabreak. C.Askforsupport.【答案】6.C7.C【原文】M:Haveyoustartedusingthenewteachingsoftwareforyourclassesyet?W:Yes,butit’scausingtrouble.It’ssupposedtomakethewholeteachingprocesseasier,butitdoesn’t.M:What’sgoingwrong?W:Thesoftwareorganizesmaterialswell,butIkeeprunningintoproblemswhenstudentstrytosubmittheirassignments.Somefilesgetmessedup,andothersjustdisappear.M:That’sdiscouraging.Youshouldcontacttechsupportduringthebreak.W:Goodidea!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatinspiredProfessorBrowntostudyurbangardens?A.Citypollution. B.Childhoodmemories. C.Neighbors’advice.9.WhatdoesProfessorBrownthinkisthemostattractiveabouturbangardens?A.Theypurifytheair. B.Theybeautifycities. C.Theyunitethecommunity.10.WhatdoesProfessorBrownaimtodo?A.Bondwithneighbors. B.Promoteurbangardens. C.Relievethestressofruralresidents.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【原文】M:Welcometoourprogram,ProfessorBrown.Yourrecentstudyonurbangardenshasachievedremarkableresults.Congratulations!W:Thankyou.I’mhappytosharemyresearchhere.M:Whatinspiredyoutoengageinthestudyofurbangardens?W:Well,asachild,Igrewupinatownsurroundedbybeautifulgardens.Aftermovingtothecity,Imissedthatgreenworld.SoIdecidedtoexplorehowgardenscouldenrichcitylife.M:Amongallaspectsofurbangardens,whatisthemostattractive?W:Thesenseofcommunity.Urbangardensbringneighborstogether,helpingthembond.M:What’syourmaingoalforthisresearch?W:Topromotetheconstructionofpublicgardensinmorecities.Thesegardenspurifytheair,beautifytheenvironment,andrelievethestressofurbanresidents.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.WhathappenedtoEmilythismorning?A.Shehadacaraccident. B.Shegotlostontheway. C.Shewasstuckinatrafficjam.12.WheredidEmilystartherschooleducation?A.Inatown. B.Inacity. C.Inthecountryside.13.WhatdidEmilymajorin?A.Law. B.Literature. C.Music.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【原文】W:Hasyourfriend,Emily,reachedtherestaurantthismorning?M:No.Shejustcalledandsaidhercarwashardlymovinginalonglineofvehicleswaiting.Sheshouldbehereinabout15minutes.W:OK.Canyoutellmemoreabouther?M:Sure!Emilybeganprimaryschoolinasmalltownandattendedafamoushighschool.Thenshemovedtothecityforcollegeeducation.W:Whichuniversitydidsheenter?M:ShewenttotheUniversityofNewYorkat17.Shejoinedamusicclubandstartedperforming.W:Soshestudiedmusic?M:Initially,hermotherwantedhertostudylaw.Butshewaspassionateaboutliterature,soshepursuedthatinstead.W:That’sawesome.M:Look,thegirlwalkingtowardsusisEmily.She’swavingatus.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatwasTom’sproblem?A.Hisrobot’smotorfailed. B.Hisrobotwasmissing. C.Thesciencefairwascanceled.15.Whatwastheteam’sfirstresponse?A.Buyingnewparts. B.Quittingthefair. C.Takingtherobotapart.16.Whatistheteamcurrentlydoing?A.Buyingatoolkit. B.Callingateacher. C.Fixingthecircuit.17.WhydoesLucymentionherbackyard?A.ToofferTomaspaceforrunning.B.Toinviteherbrothertoplaythere.C.Toprovideaplaceforrobottesting.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【原文】W:Hey,Tom!Youlookworn-out.What’swrong?M:Hi,Lucy.Theschoolsciencefairisnextweek,andourgroup’srobotprojectisinbigtrouble.Themotorsuddenlystoppedworkingthismorning,andwecan’tfigureoutwhy.W:Ohno!That’sreallyterrible.Whatdidyourteamdoatfirst?M:Weweresofrightenedthatwealmostgaveupandtoldtheteacherwe’ddropout.Butthenwerealizedthatwe’dspentmonthsonthis,sowedecidedtotaketherobotapartandcheckeachpartofit.W:You’resosmart!Doyouneedanytools?Ihaveatoolkitwhichmydadgaveme.M:That’dbeamazing!Rightnow,we’reanalyzingthecircuitboardandrewritingsomeoftheprogrammingcode.It’saraceagainsttime.W:I'msurethatyou’llfixthecircuit.Ifyouneedmorehelp,Icanaskmybrother—he’sgoodatrobotics.Maybewecaneventesttherobotinmybackyardbeforethefair.M:That’sagreatidea!It’ssokindofyou.Wedefinitelyneedtodoatrialrun.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WherewasJimwhenrainstarted?A.Intheroom. B.Inthegarden. C.Onthetree.19.HowdidJimfeelwhenhearinghisnamecalled?A.Strange. B.Joyful. C.Frightened.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthespeech?A.TheladycalledJimonpurpose.B.Jimwassavedthankstothelady.C.Thelady’ssonwasstruckbylightning.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【原文】W:Jimwasateenager.Oneday,hisparentswereout,andhewentoutofhisroomtogatherfallenorangesunderabigtreeinhisgarden.Thenheheardavoicecalling,“Jim.”Hethoughtitwasstrangethatsomeoneknewhisname.Heranouttofindthecaller.Suddenly,rainpoureddown.Frightened,Jimranundertheroofofthegate.Justahundredyardsaway,lightningstruckthetreefromtoptobottom.IfJimhadbeenunderthetree,hewouldhavebeenkilled.Thenhesawaladywithasmallchildpassingby.“Didyoucallme?”heasked.Theladylookedconfused.“Idon’tevenknowyou.Icalledmyson,Jim,”sheanswered,pointingtotheboybesideher.“Whenyoucalled,Ileftthetree.Lookattheburnttreeoverthere.Thanks,”Jimreplied.“Itmusthavebeenluckthatmademecallsoloudlytomyboy,”theladysaidjoyfully.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACommunityPublicArtAreyouinterestedincreatingapublicartprojectinyourneighbourhood?TheCityofBurlingtonpublicartprogramiscommittedtobackingcommunity-ledprojectsbyprovidingpublicartadviceand,whereapplicable,accesstocity-ownedparksandfacilities.WhatKindsOfProjectsCanBeConsidered?Communityand/orartist-ledprojectstakingplaceinpublicspaces.Communitypublicartprojectscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto:●Murals(壁画)●Free-standingsculptures●Temporaryartequipment●Videoandlight-basedartworkssuchasdigitalprojections(投影)●Artist-designedfunctionalartsuchasparkbenches(长椅),bikeracks(支架),lightstandardsorotherfacilitiesHowDoIApply?Ifyouwouldliketoleadacommunitypublicartproject,thefirststepiscompletingtheonlineapplicationmaterials.Astaffmemberwillthencontactyoutooutlinetheapplicationreviewprocessanddiscussnextsteps.OnlineApplicationTostartyourapplication,clickonthe“ClickheretoSubmit”buttonbelow.Youwillberequiredtosignupforafreeaccounttosubmityourapplication.CommunityInitiatedPublicArtPolicyTheCommunityInitiatedPublicArtPolicyguidesthedevelopmentofcommunityinitiatedpublicartprojects.ThepolicyensuresthatallcommunityprojectsfollowtheidentifiedvisionofthePublicArtPolicy.TheCommunityInitiatedPublicArtPolicyguidescitizensthroughparticipationinthecreativeprocessandthedevelopmentofartthataddscharmtoaneighbourhoodandshowslocalstories.21.WhatistheaimoftheCityofBurlingtonpublicartprogram?A.Tosellartworkscreatedbyartists.B.Tosupportcommunity-ledpublicartprojects.C.Tochooseartistsforcityartevents.D.Toimprovefacilitiesinpublicparks.22.Whichofthefollowingprojectsmeetstheprogram’srequirements?A.Asculpturestandinginapublicopenarea.B.Anindoorartshowheldinaschoolhall.C.Apersonalvideouploadedtosocialmedia.D.Aprivatepaintingkeptinsomeone’shome.23.Whatisthefirststeptoleadacommunitypublicartproject?A.Makingapublicartpolicy. B.Callingthestaffforaninterview.C.Completingonlineapplicationmaterials. D.Signingupforapaidaccount.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目，介绍了该项目可接纳的艺术形式、申请方式以及相关政策指引等内容。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据首段中的“TheCityofBurlingtonpublicartprogramiscommittedtobackingcommunity-ledprojectsbyprovidingpublicartadviceand,whereapplicable,accesstocity-ownedparksandfacilities.(伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目致力于为社区主导的项目提供支持，方式包括提供公共艺术咨询，并在适用情况下开放市属公园及设施)”可知，伯灵顿市公共艺术项目的目的是支持社区主导的公共艺术项目，back与support是同义替换。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据WhatKindsOfProjectsCanBeConsidered?部分中的“Communityand/orartist-ledprojectstakingplaceinpublicspaces.Communitypublicartprojectscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto:●Free-standingsculptures(在公共空间开展的由社区和/或艺术家主导的项目。社区公共艺术项目包括但不限于：独立式雕塑)”可知，在公共开放区域的一座雕塑符合该项目的要求，publicopenarea与publicspaces为同义替换，free-standingsculptures对应asculpturestanding。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据HowDoIApply?部分中的“Ifyouwouldliketoleadacommunitypublicartproject,thefirststepiscompletingtheonlineapplicationmaterials.(如果你想主导一个社区公共艺术项目，第一步是完成线上申请材料)”可知，主导社区公共艺术项目的第一步是完成线上申请材料。故选C。BPlasticpollutionhaslongthreatenedthebeachesandrichsealifeofLamu,slowlydamagingfishinggrounds,tourism,andtheecosystem.Amongthepilesofbottles,nets,andabandonedboats,onemanchosetoactratherthanlookaway.MansoorAthman,a47-year-oldresidentofMkomani,hasspentmuchofhislifeontheIndianOcean.In2009,troubledbythegrowingtideofplasticwastecoveringtheshoreline,hebegancollectingwastejerrycans,bottles,andnetsfrombeachesandshallowwaters.Whatstartedasasingleeffortsoonturnedintoanextraordinaryvision.Usingrawplasticwaste,MansoorbuiltafloatinghouseandboatsstayedneartheLamuIslandForestOffice,provingthatrubbishcouldbetransformedintosomethinguseful.Thefloatinghome,madefromover1,000jerrycans,hasbecomebothhisshelterandhisworkshop.Livingonthewaterallowshimtointeractdailywithfishermenandseausers,andsharehismessageaboutprotectingtheocean,notingthatplasticsnotonlyenmeshsealifeorpreventtheirdigestivesystemsfromfunctioningnormally,butalsocarryharmfulsubstancestohigher-levelcreatures,eventuallyendangeringthebalanceofthewholeocean’secosystems.Atfirst,hisroutineofwalkingaroundbeacheswithabagofplasticcausedpeopletolaughathim.Somepeoplethoughthewasmadorhomeless.Yethispersistence(坚持)slowlyreplaceddoubtwithrespect.Mansoor’smissiononcestrained(使受到压力)hisfamilylife,buttodayhiswifeFatmaOmarandtheirthreechildrenfullysupporthim.Theyunderstandthathisnightsspentatseaserveagreaterpurpose.Localsnowbringplasticwastedirectlytohim,confidentthatitwillneverreturntotheocean.ThoughMansoorislimitedtoaprimaryeducation,hiscreativityisendless.Inspiredbyhislatefather,ashipengineer,hebelievesinnovationcanriseevenfromhardship.Hisfloatinghomestandsasaquietbutpowerfulreminderthatchangeoftenbeginswithonepersonshowinggreatdetermination.24.WhatfirstmotivatedMansoortocollectplasticwaste?A.Thetroublecausedbytheoceanplasticpollution.B.Hisfamily’sencouragementtorecycleplastic.C.Hisinterestinbuildingfloatingplastichouses.D.Agovernmentprogramaboutplasticwastelaunchedin2009.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enmesh”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Adapt. B.Defend. C.Ignore. D.Trap.26.Whatwaspeople’sattitudetowardsMansoor’sactsintheend?A.Theyremaineddoubtfulaboutthem.B.Theyhadnoconcernforthem.C.Theywerecuriousaboutthem.D.Theyshowedadmirationandsupportforthem.27.WhatdoesMansoor’sstorymainlyshow?A.Adeterminedpersoncanfuelchange.B.Formaleducationisnecessaryforsuccess.C.Plastichousesareexcellentinsomeaspects.D.Governmentpoliciesaretheidealsolutiontopollution.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍Mansoor因塑料污染困扰，坚持收集塑料垃圾并将其变废为宝，最终获得人们支持的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In2009,troubledbythegrowingtideofplasticwastecoveringtheshoreline,hebegancollectingwastejerrycans,bottles,andnetsfrombeachesandshallowwaters.(2009年，被越来越多覆盖海岸线的塑料垃圾所困扰，他开始从海滩和浅水区收集废弃的油桶、瓶子和渔网)”可知，塑料污染带来的困扰是Mansoor最初开始收集塑料垃圾的动机。故选A项。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Livingonthewaterallowshimtointeractdailywithfishermenandseausers,andsharehismessageaboutprotectingtheocean,notingthatplasticsnotonlyenmeshsealifeorpreventtheirdigestivesystemsfromfunctioningnormally,butalsocarryharmfulsubstancestohigher-levelcreatures,eventuallyendangeringthebalanceofthewholeocean’secosystems.(住在水上让他每天都能和渔民以及海上作业者交流，并传递他保护海洋的理念，他指出，塑料不仅会enmesh海洋生物、阻碍它们的消化系统正常运作，还会将有害物质传递给更高层次的生物，最终危及整个海洋生态系统的平衡)”可知，塑料对海洋生物有危害，结合语境可推测，enmesh应是与“伤害、阻碍”相关的含义，与Trap（困住）意思相近。故选D项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Yethispersistence(坚持)slowlyreplaceddoubtwithrespect.(然而，他的坚持慢慢将人们的怀疑转化为尊重)”以及第四段中的“Localsnowbringplasticwastedirectlytohim,confidentthatitwillneverreturntotheocean.(现在当地人会直接把塑料垃圾带给他，相信这些垃圾永远不会再回到海洋中)”可知，人们最终对Mansoor的行为表现出赞赏和支持。故选D项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hisfloatinghomestandsasaquietbutpowerfulreminderthatchangeoftenbeginswithonepersonshowinggreatdetermination.(他的浮屋无声却有力地提醒着人们，改变往往始于一个拥有强大决心的人)”可知，Mansoor的故事主要体现了一个有决心的人能够推动改变。故选A项。CScientistshavediscoveredsixspeciesofcushion(垫)plantsgrowingatarecord-breakingheightonMountShukuleⅡintheLadakhregionofIndia.Theseplantswerefoundonasmall,rockyareanolargerthanafootballfield,andtheyaremoreresistanttocoldanddryconditionsthanmostplants.Theresearchteam,ledbyJiriDolezalfromtheCzechAcademyofSciences,studiedhowplantsrespondtoclimatewarminginthisremotearea.Reachingthesiterequiredafive-dayjourneyfromthenearestroad,andthescientistssufferedfromsicknessandextremetiredness.Incontrast,theplantsthemselveswerewelladaptedtothecoldanddryenvironment.Eachplantwasverysmall,aboutthesizeofacoin,andcontainedahighamountofsugarthatactedlikenaturalantifreeze.Theirleavesgrewinacircularshape,helpingthemtrapwarmairandsurvivelong,freezingwinters.Althoughtheirrootsweretiny,onerootshowedabout20growthrings,suggestingthattheplanthadsurvivedtherefornearlytwodecades.ClimatechangehaswarmedtheHimalayas,allowingplantstogrowhigherasglaciers(冰川)retreat.Dolezalestimatesthatduringtheshortgrowingseason,temperaturesinthisareahaverisenbyabout6℃overthepastdecade.Plantsneedatleast40frost-freedayseachyeartogrow,andsuchconditionsarenowappearingintheHimalayas.“I’msurprisedattheelevation—it’sveryhigh,”saysJanSalick,abotanistatMissouriBotanicalGardeninStLouis.Butsheisencouragedthatplantsmaybeabletomovetohigheraltitudesthanpreviouslythought,andkeepupwithclimatechange.Aspartoftheresearch,shehasfoundalpine(高山的)plantsintheHimalayasmovingupwardsat0.06metresayear,whilethetemperaturebandtheyusuallyoccupyisoutpacingthembyrisingat6metresayear.Thefearisthatthetemperatureincreaseisencouragingthetreelinetorisetoo,whichcouldreducethespaceavailableforalpineplants.28.Whatisafeatureofthecushionplants?A.Theydependonthefairlyfertilesoil. B.Theyspreadwidelyacrossthemountain.C.Theycantoleratecoldanddryness. D.Theygrowfasterthanotheralpineplants.29.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoillustrateaboutthecushionplantsinparagraph3?A.Howscientistsdiscoveredtheirhabitat. B.Howtheysurviveinthetoughconditions.C.Howclimatechangeimpactstheirdistribution. D.Howtheyposeathreattolocalspecies.30.WhyareplantslikelytogrowevenhigherintheHimalayas?A.Seedsarespreadingmoreeasily.B.Mountainsoilsarebecomingricher.C.Theirfrost-freegrowingperiodsareextending.D.Glaciersattheheightareappearinginlargenumbers.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ClimateChangeHelpsPlantsGrowHigherB.Record-breakingPlantsWereFoundintheHimalayasC.CushionPlantsAretheMostResistantPlantsintheWorldD.AlpinePlantsFaceaSeriousSurvivalProblemintheHimalayas【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家在喜马拉雅地区发现了6种生长在破纪录高海拔的垫状植物，介绍了这些植物的特性，分析气候变化对植物高海拔迁徙的影响以及科学家对此现象的看法。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theseplantswerefoundonasmall,rockyareanolargerthanafootballfield,andtheyaremoreresistanttocoldanddryconditionsthanmostplants.(这些植物被发现长在一个不比足球场大的小岩石区域，它们比大多数植物更能抵抗寒冷和干燥的条件。)”可知，垫状植物比多数植物更耐受寒冷干旱环境。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Incontrast,theplantsthemselveswerewelladaptedtothecoldanddryenvironment.Eachplantwasverysmall,aboutthesizeofacoin,andcontainedahighamountofsugarthatactedlikenaturalantifreeze.Theirleavesgrewinacircularshape,helpingthemtrapwarmairandsurvivelong,freezingwinters.Althoughtheirrootsweretiny,onerootshowedabout20growthrings,suggestingthattheplanthadsurvivedtherefornearlytwodecades.(相比之下，这些植物本身很好地适应了寒冷干燥的环境。每株植物都很小，大约有一枚硬币那么大，含有大量的糖，这些糖就像天然防冻剂一样。它们的叶子呈圆形生长，有助于它们捕获温暖的空气，在漫长而寒冷的冬天生存下来。尽管它们的根很小，但其中一根显示出大约20个生长轮，这表明这种植物在那里存活了近二十年。)”可知，本段开头说这些植物能够很好地适应寒冷干燥的环境，随后从植株大小、天然防冻的高糖分、聚热的叶片形态、长期存活的根系特点等多个方面，介绍了垫状植物如何适应恶劣的高海拔环境，即说明它们如何在艰苦条件存活。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ClimatechangehaswarmedtheHimalayas,allowingplantstogrowhigherasglaciers(冰川)retreat.(气候变化使喜马拉雅山脉变暖，随着冰川的退缩，植物得以生长得更高。)”和“Plantsneedatleast40frost-freedayseachyeartogrow,andsuchconditionsarenowappearingintheHimalayas.(植物每年至少需要40天的无霜期才能生长，喜马拉雅山脉现在也出现了这种情况。)”可知，植物每年至少需要40天的无霜期才能生长，而气候变暖让喜马拉雅山脉气温升高，高海拔地区的无霜生长期变长，满足了植物生长的需求，因此植物才能在更高的地方生长。故选C。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Scientistshavediscoveredsixspeciesofcushion(垫)plantsgrowingatarecord-breakingheightonMountShukuleⅡintheLadakhregionofIndia.(科学家在印度拉达克地区的ShukuleⅡ山上发现了六种生长在破纪录高度的垫状植物。)”可知，本文主要围绕科学家在破纪录高海拔地区发现的垫状植物展开，介绍了这些植物的特性，分析气候变化对植物高海拔迁徙的影响以及科学家对此现象的看法。因此B项“喜马拉雅山脉发现了破纪录植物”最适合作本文标题。故选B。DWhenhumanssearchforfood—whetherbygathering,huntingorfishing—theyrelynotonlyonpersonalexperiencebutalsooninformationgainedfromobservingothers.Alarge-scalefieldstudyhasexploredhowsocialinformationshapessuchdecisions,usingice-fishingcompetitionsinFinlandasanaturalresearchsetting.Thestudy,publishedinScience,wasconductedbyaninternationalresearchteamthatobserved74experiencedicefishersduringcompetitionsineasternFinland.UsingGPSwatchesandwearablecameras,theresearchersrecordedmorethan16,000decisionsacross477fishingtripsontenlakes,trackingwheretheparticipantschosetofishandwhentheydecidedtomoveon.Basedonthesedetailedmovementandcontextualdata,thescientistsdevelopedcomputationalmodelstouncoverthedecision-makingstrategiesbehindthefishers’behavior.Theiranalysisshowedthattheparticipantscombinedthreemainsourcesofinformation:personalcatchexperience,theactionsofotheranglers(垂钓者),andecologicalfeaturessuchasthestructureofthelakebed.Thestudyfoundthatsuccessinfluencedhowmuchpeoplereliedonsocialinformation.Thefisherswhocaughtfishtendedtotrusttheirownexperience,whilethosewhowereunsuccessfulpaidcloserattentiontowhereotherswerefishing.Aftercatchingafish,theparticipantsoftenfocusedtheirsearchinnearbyareas,apatternknownas“area-restrictedsearch”,whichbecamestrongerincrowdedlocations.Thedecisionstoleaveaspotwererelativelysimple:Thosewhowentalongtimewithoutacatchweremorelikelytomoveelsewhere.Thedifferencesalsoemergedacrossageandgender.Womenreliedmoreonsocialcuesthanmen,whileolderparticipantstendedtostaylongerinoneplaceandwerelesslikelytoavoidunproductiveareas.Inlakeswithmorefish,anglerschangedlocationsmorefrequently.Beyondfishing,thestudydemonstratesthevalueofcombiningreal-worlddatawiththedecisionmodelstostudyhumanbehavioroutsidelaboratorysettings.Theresearcherssuggestthatthisapproachcouldinformresourceandconservationmanagement,helpingexplainhowhotspotsformandhowoveruse,suchasoverfishing,mightbeprevented.32.Howdidtheresearcherscollectinformationabouttheicefishers’behavior?A.ByreviewingreportspublishedinScience.B.Byinterviewing74experiencedparticipants.C.Byrecordingthemovementsandactionsusingwearabledevices.D.Byobservingtheparticipantsincontrolledlaboratoryexperiments.33.Whendidthefishersrelymoreonsocialinformationaccordingtothestudy?A.Whenthefishingareaswerelesscrowded.B.Whentheicefishingcompetitionsreachedthefinal.C.Whentheywereconfidentintheirownfishingskills.D.Whentheyfailedtoachievegoodresultsbythemselves.34.Whydoestheauthormentionageandgenderinparagraph5?A.Toconductafurtheranalysis. B.Todescribeadetailedprocess.C.Toproposeapracticalsolution. D.Toconfirmareasonableassumption.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itslimitations. B.Itssignificance.C.Itsscientificprinciples. D.Itssamplingmethods.【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项关于人类在冰上捕鱼时如何结合个人经验与社会信息做决策的实地研究及其发现和意义。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“UsingGPSwatchesandwearablecameras,theresearchersrecordedmorethan16,000decisionsacross477fishingtripsontenlakes,trackingwheretheparticipantschosetofishandwhentheydecidedtomoveon.(研究人员使用GPS手表和可穿戴相机，在10个湖泊的477次捕鱼行程中记录了超过16000个决策，追踪参与者选择在哪里捕鱼以及何时决定离开。)”可知，研究人员通过可穿戴设备记录渔民的行动和行为来收集信息。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thefisherswhocaughtfishtendedtotrusttheirownexperience,whilethosewhowereunsuccessfulpaidcloserattentiontowhereotherswerefishing.(捕到鱼的渔民倾向于相信自己的经验，而那些没有成功的渔民则更关注其他人在哪里捕鱼。)”可知，当渔民自己没能取得好成果时，会更依赖社会信息。故选D项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Thedifferencesalsoemergedacrossageandgender.Womenreliedmoreonsocialcuesthanmen,whileolderparticipantstendedtostaylongerinoneplaceandwerelesslikelytoavoidunproductiveareas.(年龄和性别方面也出现了差异。女性比男性更依赖社会线索，而年长的参与者往往在一个地方待得更久，也不太会避开无收获的区域。)”可知，作者提到年龄和性别是为了进行进一步的分析。故选A项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Beyondfishing,thestudydemonstratesthevalueofcombiningreal-worlddatawiththedecisionmodelstostudyhumanbehavioroutsidelaboratorysettings.Theresearcherssuggestthatthisapproachcouldinformresourceandconservationmanagement,helpingexplainhowhotspotsformandhowoveruse,suchasoverfishing,mightbeprevented.(除了捕鱼之外，这项研究证明了将真实世界数据与决策模型相结合来研究实验室环境之外的人类行为的价值。研究人员表示，这种方法可以为资源和保护管理提供参考，有助于解释热点区域如何形成，以及如何防止过度捕捞等过度使用行为。)”可知，最后一段主要讲这项研究的意义。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BestWaystoIncorporateHobbiesintoaBusyScheduleSetRealisticGoalsandExpectationsUnrealisticgoalsoftenleadtofrustrationandeventuallygivingup.____36____.Insteadoffocusingonperfectresults,enjoythelearningprocessitself.Acceptthatsomedayswillbelessproductive,andthatinconsistencydoesnotmeanfailure.Realisticexpectationsreducepressureandhelpmaintainlong-termmotivation.UseTechnologyandOnlineResources____37____.Appsforlanguagelearning,fitnesstracking,orcreativeskillsallowpracticeinshort,flexiblesessions.Onlinecommunitiesofferinspiration,responsibility,andsharedexperiences,whilevirtualclassesremovecommuting(通勤)time.Thesetoolsmakeiteasiertostayengagedregardlessoflocationorschedule.InvolveFamilyandFriendsSharinghobbieswithotherscanstrengthenrelationshipsandincreasecommitment.Groupactivitiessuchascookingnights,hikes,orgameeveningscombineleisurewithsocialconnection.____38____.Teachingotherswhatyouknowcanstrengthenyourskillswhilemakingtheexperiencemorerewarding.Declutter(清理)YourScheduleCreatingtimeforhobbiesoftenmeanscuttingbackinotherareasoflife.Reducingexcessivescreentime,limitingsocialmediause,andsayingnotonon-essentialcommitmentscanquicklyfreeupvaluablehours.Assigningtasksathomeorworkalsohelps.Youaresupposedtosimplifydailyroutines.____39____.CreateaDedicatedHobbySpaceHavingadedicatedspaceforyourhobbyencouragesconsistencyandfocus.____40____.Keepingtoolsandmaterialseasilyaccessiblereducestheeffortneededtobegin.Personalizingthespacewithinspiringitemssignalsthatyourhobbyisimportantandworthregulartimeandattention.A.Nowadays,hobbiesaremoreaccessiblethaneverB.SmallinvestmentsaddupoverweeksandmonthsC.Evenasmall,well-organizedcornercanmakeadifferenceD.JoiningclubsbasedonmutualinterestsalsoaddsasenseofbelongingE.SoyoucancreatementalandphysicalspaceforactivitiesthattrulymatterF.YouareadvisedtolookforopportunitiestocombinehobbieswithroutineactivitiesG.Breakinglargehobbyprojectsintosmaller,manageabletasksmakesprogressfeelachievable【答案】36.G37.A38.D39.E40.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在繁忙的日程中融入爱好的几种最佳方法，包括设定现实目标、利用技术资源、邀请家人朋友参与、清理日程以及打造专属空间等。【36题详析】根据本段小标题“SetRealisticGoalsandExpectations(设定现实的目标和期望)”可