广东省大湾区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末统一测试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省大湾区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末统一测试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcomingthenewyearisauniversalconceptsharedbymanycountries.Everycountryhasaspecialwayofwelcomingtheupcomingyearwithuniquetraditions.Herearesomewayscountriescelebratethenewyeararoundtheworld.HittingbreadonthedoorsandwallsinIrelandInIreland,itisacustomtohitbreadonthedoorsandwallsofone’shousetodriveawaybadluckandspirits.Theyhopethiswillinvitenewspiritsandgoodlucktowelcomethenewyear.Eating12grapesbeforemidnightinSpainAstheclockstrikesmidnight,Spaniardseat12grapes,eachgrapestandingforgoodluckinthewholeyear.Thegoalistoswallowallthegrapesbeforetheclockstopschimingtogainayearfilledwithgoodfortune.DisplayingroundfruitsinthePhilippinesSimilartothetraditionofeatinggrapesinSpain,Filipinosdisplay12typesofroundfruitonthediningtable,symbolizingrichnessforall12monthsoftheyear.Itisalsocommontoweardotsforthesamereason.Interestingly,thesymbolismdatesbacktotheroundshapeofgoldandsilvercoins.WearingwhiteandjumpingthroughsevenwavesinBrazilWhentheclockstrikesmidnight,Braziliansjumpthroughsevenwaveswhilemakingawishwitheachwave.Thenumbersevenisconnectedtothewatergoddesswhoissaidtoguidepeoplethroughdifficultiesinthenewyear.1.WhatdotheIrishdotocelebratethenewyear?A.Cleanthehouse. B.Wearnewcostumes.C.Beatbreadondoors. D.Eatbreadwithfamilies.2.WhydoFilipinospreferroundthingsduringNewYear?A.Becausetheshapeisunique. B.Becausetheshaperepresentswealth.C.Becausetheshapeshowsgratitude. D.Becausetheshapeiseasilyrecognizable.3.Whatdothecelebrationsinthelastthreecountrieshaveincommon?A.Peopleofferupprayerstothewatergoddess.B.Peoplejumpthroughwavesandmakeawish.C.Acertainkindoffruitwillbeeatenontheday.D.Aspecialnumberisconnectedtoeachcelebration.BHuangYahui,a40-year-oldfromUrumqi,Xinjiang,hasbeenattractedbynaturesincechildhood,apassionshedevelopedinher20sbytakingpartinadventurousoutdooractivities.Thenin2011,shechanceduponalife-changingopportunitytovolunteerwitharesearchteamledbyMaMing,aprofessorattheXinjiangInstituteofEcologyandGeography,ChineseAcademyofSciences.Thatbriefexperiencehelpedshapeherfuturecareer.Now,Huangisafull-timeenvironmentalistofanaturepreservationinUrumqi.Eachyear,sheandherteamcrossXinjiang’sforestsandmountains,documentingwildlife—withaspecialfocusonbutterflies.Butterflieshavearelativelysimplebodystructureandarehighlysensitivetoslightclimatechanges.Therefore,changesinpopulationstructure,numbersandhabitsofbutterfliescanreflectregionalclimatechanges.Huangsaid,“That’sthereasonwhyIhavedevelopedastrongpassionforbutterflies.”However,duetothehighdiversityofbutterflyspecies,relyingonlyonscientificresearchersforbutterflyobservationisinsufficient.AccordingtoMa,ecologicalpreservationorganizationsplayavitalroleinestablishingbutterflyobservationnetworks.Overtheyears,Huang’steamhasactivelycontributedtothiseffort.Herteamhasrecordedmorethan200butterflyspecies,providingimportantdatatolocalauthorities.Recently,Huangisworkingonabookaboutbutterflyconservationthatintegrates(结合)thetraditionalcultureofthe24Chinesesolarterms.“Mygoalistohelpmorepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofharmonybetweenhumanandnature,andencourageeffortsinprotectingnatureandbiodiversity,”shesaid.4.WhatinspiredHuang’senvironmentalcareer?A.Herparents’influence. B.Theprofessor’ssuggestion.C.Avolunteerexperience. D.Herpassionforoutdooractivities.5.WhydoesHuangobservebutterflies?A.Becausetheyhavehighmedicalvalue.B.Becausetheyhaveasimplebodystructure.C.Becausetheyareatargetforpreservationefforts.D.Becausetheyareanindicatorofclimatechanges.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thiseffort”meaninparagraph4?A.Identifyingrarespeciesinthewild. B.Cooperatingwithgovernmentofficials.C.Creatingsystemstomonitorbutterfly. D.Studyingregionalvariabilityofbutterflies.7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeHuang?A.Committedandresponsible. B.Intelligentandadaptable.C.Observantandindependent. D.Adventurousandpioneering.CThethreatoflanguageextinctionisn’tnew.Buttherearewaystosaveat-risklanguages,aswell.Forthepasttwodecades,Garifunaartistshaveusedaculturalfoundation—dancemusic—toinspireyoungGarifunapeopletolearnandsharetheirnativelanguage.MuchoftheGarifunapeople’shistoryispasseddownnotjustbywords,butbysonganddance,suchasthejankunu.ElementsoftheGarifunaculture—includingmusic,dance,andlanguage—werelistedasaUNESCOMasterpieceofOralandIntangibleHeritageofHumanityin2001.Aroundthesametime,Garifunamusiciansandculturalactivistsputforwardaplan:tocreatesongsentirelyinGarifunatouniteyoungGarifunapeopletolearnthelanguage.Palacio,aleaderintheculturalmovement,gatheredGarifunamusiciansacrossCentralAmericatoformtheGarifunaCollectivebandin2007.TheirGarifunalyricssentapowerfulmessage:it’stimetodefendourculture.Aftermultipleworldtoursandinternationalmusicawards,“TheGarifunaCollectiveputGarifunaontheinternationalmap,andweareoptimisticaboutit,”saidPalacio.AlthoughPalaciopassedawayin2008,hissongs,andtheworksofGarifunamusicalactivistsacrossCentralAmerica,litaculturalflameforGarifunapeopleworldwide.MusicianLovelladoptedthelanguageattheageof16tofollowinthefootstepsofhisfavoriteGarifunamusicianandculturalrevivalist.Lovellbecamepartofalargergrassroots(基层)efforttoteachthelanguageinNewYork.Increasingly,manyGarifunalanguagelessonsarenowavailableonline.AnothersetofmusicianswereinspiredbyPalacio’smessage,suchasthefoundersofBattleoftheDrums,aninternationalmusiccompetitioninBelize.ThisfamousstaffhelpselementaryandhighschoolsinBelizeteachtheGarifunacultureandlanguagethroughmusic—astrategyborrowedbyotherlanguageprofessorswhoteachGarifunathroughsongs.WillmusicsavetheGarifunalanguage?GarifunaremainsonUNESCO’sendangeredlanguagelistwhichwaslastupdatedin2010.Itseemsthatthiskindofrevivalisalong,multi-generationalroad.8.WhydidartistsplantocreatesongsentirelyinGarifuna?A.Tosavetheirlanguage. B.Torefreshtheirdance.C.Togaininternationalfame. D.Topromotetheirmusic.9.WhatcanweinferaboutPalaciofromparagraph3?A.Hesavedtheirlanguagesuccessfully.B.Hecontributedtodefendinghiscountry.C.Heplayedacrucialroleinthemovement.D.Hefoundedthemostpopularbandatthattime.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplesinparagraphs4and5?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Musicgoesbeyondboundaries. D.Onepersoncanmakeadifferencetoanother.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofGarifunalanguage?A.Uncertain. B.Optimistic. C.Pessimistic. D.Unconcerned.DWithitsredcolor,Marshaslongbeencalledtheredplanet.Now,scientistsmayhavediscoveredthepotentialsourceofthatredcolor,overturningapopulartheoryintheprocess.PreviousanalysesofthesubstancesonMars,basedonlyonobservationsbyspacecraft,didn’tdiscoveranyevidenceofwater,whichledresearcherstobelievethattheironoxidemustbehematite(赤铁矿)whichtypicallyformsinadryenvironmentoverbillionsofyears.However,ateamledbyValantinasfromBrownUniversityanalyzeddatafromMarsmissionsandsuggestedferrihydrite(水铁矿)whichformsquicklyincoolwatermayberesponsiblefortherednessratherthanhematite.Thenewstudyhascombinedlabmethodswithobservationaldataforthefirsttimetoofferevidence.ThescientistsrecreatedMartiandustinalaboratory.Theteamanalyzedthedustusingtechniquessimilartothoseemployedbyorbiters.Then,thescientistscomparedthelabdatawithspacecraftdata.ItissuggestedthateventhedustiestpartsofMarsholdevidenceofwater-richsubstances,andthepresenceofferrihydriteisthebestmatchfordustonMars,ratherthanhematite,whencomparedwiththelabsamples.Thestudywasn’tfocusedondeterminingwhenexactlythesubstanceformed.However,sinceferrihydriteformsincoolwater,it’spossiblethatitwascreatedabout3billionyearsago,asopposedtowhentheplanetwaswarmerandwettermillionsofyearsbefore.“ThiswasatimeofvolcanicactivityonMarsthatlikelycausedice-meltingevents,providingconditionsfavorableforferrihydriteformation,”Valantinassaid.“ThetimingmatcheswithaperiodwhenMarswaschangingfromitsearlier,wetterstatetoitscurrentdesertenvironment.”NowresearchersarewaitingforthesamplesonMarstobebroughtbacktoearth.“Oncewegetthesesamplesintothelab,we’llbeabletomeasurehowmuchferrihydritethedustcontains,andwhatthismeansforourunderstandingofthehistoryofwater,”saidValantinas.12.What’sthepopulartheory?A.Marsisaredplanet. B.HematiteaccountsforMars’redcolor.C.WaterexistedonMars. D.Ferrihydritewasformedwithoutwater.13.Howdoestheexperimentinparagraph3challengethepreviousidea?A.ByobservingtheactivitiesonMars.B.ByanalyzingdustcollectedfromMars.C.Bycomparinghematiteandferrihydrite.D.Byindicatingtheexistenceofferrihydrite.14.WhatmakestheformationofferrihydritepossibleonMars?A.Highpressure. B.Volcaniceruption.C.Thelackofice. D.Thedryenvironment.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ARedPlanetWithoutWater B.WhyIsMarsRed?C.VolcanoesShapedMars’Surface D.WhatIsMars’TrueColor?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhileAItoolscanbehelpfulinourpersonalandprofessionallives,theycanalsobeusedagainstus.____16____Herearefourspecifictipsforyoutoprotectyourselfagainstscams(诈骗)ingeneral.Don’ttrustthevoiceeasily.AI-clonedvoicescamsareontherise.Familyemergencyscamsinvolvecallingatarget,creatinganextremesenseofurgencybypretendingtobealovedoneindistress,andaskingformoneytogetthemoutofabadsituation.____17____Ifsomeonecallsclaimingtobeintrouble,askforthecodewordandthenhangupandcalltheirrealnumberbacktocheck.Learntoreduceyourdigitalfootprint.Leavingyoursocialmediaprofilespublicmakesiteasierforscammerstogetabetterpictureofwhoyouare,andtheycanusethatagainstyou.____18____Carefullycheckthewebaddress.AIcanbeusedbyscammerstomakefake(假的)websitesthatseemreal.ScammershavealsobeenreportedtouseAI-poweredchatbotsinthesewebsitesinanefforttourgepeopletoclickonillegallinks.____19____Makesurethatyou’reonatrustedsitewhichnormallystartswithhttps://.____20____AItoolshavebeenusedtocreatephotosorvideosoffamouspeopletotrickyouintospendingmoney.Whenitcomestocreatingphotos,AIgeneratorscanstrugglewithcreatingrealistichands,teethandaccessorieslikeglassesandjewelry.Theyoftenlacksubtlebodymovementsthatrealpeoplemake.A.Rememberthatimagesmaylie.B.Createacodewordwithyourlovedones.C.Don’tbecheatedbyascammadewithAItools.D.Limitwhatpersonalinformationyousharepublicly.E.Nevertrustanyphonecallsfromunknownnumbers.F.Alwayscheckpaymentrequeststhroughvarioussources.G.SoitissuggestedthatyoushouldalwayscheckyourInternetExplorerwindow.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sometimes,life-changingmomentsbeginwiththesimplestencounters.As18,000-plusmoviefansfiledintothecinemaforthelatest____21____,Hanker,thecleaner,wasbusyclearingtrash____22____bythepreviousaudience.Hedidn’tnoticeNancy,whohadtakenaseatnearby.Nordidshenoticehim.Thatwould____23____soonenough.Whilewaiting,Nancy’seyeslockedontosomething____24____onHanker.She____25____anirregular-shapedmole(痣)onhisneck.Asa____26____volunteer,sherecognizeditasapotentialcancerousmelanoma(黑素瘤).Nervousabout____27____astrangerandnotwantingtoembarrassHankerinpublic,Nancyquickly____28____amessageonherphoneandshowedittohim:“Themoleonyourneckseemscancerous.Youmightwanttogotoseea____29____!”Hankerglancedatthemessage,feeling____30____.Afewdayslater,hevisitedadoctor,who____31____itwasastageIImalignant(恶性的)melanoma.____32____Nancy’stimelywarning,hehadit____33____andisnowrecoveringwell.“Shesavedmy____34____,”Hankersaid.“IfI’dignoreditforyears,Iwouldn’tbehere.”Thetwometagainatthecinema,whereHankerthankedNancyinperson.“Itwasjustonemomentwhenwecrossedpathsatthe____35____time,”Nancyreplied.21.A.bestseller B.hit C.concert D.news22.A.brought B.collected C.left D.recycled23.A.happen B.disappear C.change D.improve24.A.strange B.significant C.interesting D.valuable25.A.overlooked B.spotted C.watched D.described26.A.competition B.stadium C.hospital D.theater27.A.treating B.approaching C.introducing D.avoiding28.A.received B.searched C.sent D.typed29.A.doctor B.scientist C.professor D.volunteer30.A.delighted B.unconcerned C.curious D.uneasy31.A.confirmed B.argued C.questioned D.guessed32.A.Regardlessof B.Thanksto C.Inspiteof D.Accordingto33.A.rechecked B.remarked C.repaired D.removed34.A.life B.neck C.work D.mole35.A.busy B.spare C.right D.precious第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThesixtheditionoftheChineseSpellingBeeCompetitionwasheldinKenya,on17March.TheUnitedStatesInternationalUniversity-Africa,aprivateuniversity____36____(locate)inthecapitalofKenya,hostedtheCompetition.Over100students____37____variousschoolsanduniversitiescompeted,____38____(show)theirskillsinwrittenandspokenMandarin.SupportedbyKenyanConfuciusInstitutesandprivateorganizations,theevent,themed“SimpleWords:BigConnections,”featuredspeeches,martialarts,____39____danceperformances.Sinceit____40____(establish)in2020bytwoKenyanChineselanguageteachers,WanjikuMbuguaandFaithMworia,theannualcompetitionhasgainedgreat____41____(popular).Now,ithasbecomeanimportantplatform____42____localyouthcanexploretherichcultureofChina.“Thespellingbee,asafascinatingactivity,____43____(help)uslearnalotaboutChineseandallowsustohavefunatthesametime.IthasbroughttheKenyanandChinesecommunities____44____(close)thanbefore.”saidWanjiku.Mworia,whoisalsothechairpersonoftheChineseLanguageTeachersAssociationofKenya,said____45____numberoflocalchildrenandyouthkeentoparticipateinthecompetitionhasgrown,withmanyinterestedinvariousaspectsofChineseculture,includingcuisineandcostumes.第三部分写作（共四节，满分40分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）分析下列句子成分，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。46.Thefourcountries/thatbelongtotheUnitedKingdom/work/together.A.主+谓+宾+宾补 B.主+定从+谓+宾C.主+谓+宾+状 D.主+定从+谓+状47.Circumstances/changed/in1933,/whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.A.主+谓+状+宾从 B.主+谓+状+定从C.主+谓+宾+定从 D.主+谓+宾+状从48.ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChina/saw/Dr.LinQiaozhi/playingakeyrole.A.主+谓+宾+状 B.主+谓+间宾+直宾C.主+谓+宾+定 D.主+谓+宾+宾补49.They/allow/visitors/whohaveneverbeentoChina/toexperiencetraditionalChineseculturefirsthand.A.主+谓+宾+定从+宾补 B.主+谓+宾+状从+宾补C.主+谓+宾+定从+状 D.主+谓+宾+宾从+状50.China/became/thethirdcountryinthe