河北保定市某中学2026届下学期二模高三英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北保定市某中学2026届下学期二模高三英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithcarefulurbanplanning,someformerindustrialcentersaremovingtowardamoremodern,andinsomecases,sustainablefutureafterdecadesindecline.LakeCharles,LouisianaThiscityhostsmorethan75festivalsannually,includingMardiGras.The1911HistoricCityHallisthecenterpieceofalivelyartsscene,housinggalleriesandhostingexhibitionsfromlocalartists.HikersoftenspotcrocodilesalongtheCreoleNatureTrail.BirdersfavorSamHoustonJonesStateParktoseeowlsandospreys.St.Louis,MissouriFromtheGatewayArchtotheCityMuseum,adventuresawaitinSt.Louis.ThenewlyrebuiltPowellHallhostsclassical,jazzandbluesconcertseveryday.ForestParkisthecity’sbelovedbackyardandhometotheSt.LouisArtMuseum,MissouriHistoryMuseum,andSt.LouisZoo.Allarefree.TheSt.Louis’culinaryscene,fromBBQtofinedining,issteadilygainingnationalattention.Cominghungryandcurious,you’llleavewithawholenewappreciationforwhatthiscityhastooffer!Birmingham,AlabamaOnceoneofthelargeststeelfactoriesintheUS,SlossFurnacesisnowahands-onmuseumandartsvenue.Greenspaces,includingtheBotanicalGardensandVulcanPark,arefoundthroughoutthecity.FivePointsSouthishometotrendyrestaurantsandshops.Thecity’sroleinthefightforequalitycomestolifeattheCivilRightsNationalMonumentandInstitute.Detroit,MichiganConstantconstructionsignalsthemotorcity’sreturntoglory(繁荣).Guestscancheckinatavarietyofnewhotels,includingthebreathtakingRoostDetroit,partofa$400millionredevelopmentofthehistoricBookTower.VisitorstotheMotownMuseumcanpayavisittoHitsvilleUSA,wherefamousmusiciansincludingDianaRoss,MarvinGayeandStevieWonderrecord.TheHenryFordMuseumhousesartifactsthatofferatimelineoftheinventionoftheautomobileanditshistoricalcontext.1.Whichcityshouldfestivalloversgoto?A.Detroit. B.St.Louis. C.LakeCharles. D.Birmingham.2.WhatisPowellHall?A.Atheater. B.Arestaurant. C.Azoo. D.Amuseum.3.Whatdidthelasttwocitieshaveincommon?A.Theywerehometonicerestaurants. B.Theywerefamousartsvenues.C.Theywerebirthplacesofautomobiles. D.Theywereknownforbigfactories.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍美国几座昔日工业中心经规划转型为现代且可持续发展城市的情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thiscityhostsmorethan75festivalsannually,includingMardiGras.(这座城市每年举办超过75个节日，包括狂欢节)”可知，湖查尔斯每年举办众多节日，是节日爱好者的理想之选。故选C项。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ThenewlyrebuiltPowellHallhostsclassical,jazzandbluesconcertseveryday.(新建的鲍威尔音乐厅每天都举办古典、爵士和蓝调音乐会)”可知，鲍威尔音乐厅每天举办各类音乐会，由此可推知它是一座剧院。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“OnceoneofthelargeststeelfactoriesintheUS,SlossFurnacesisnowahands-onmuseumandartsvenue.(斯洛斯熔炉曾经是美国最大的钢铁厂之一，如今已成为一座互动式博物馆和艺术场所)”以及第五段中的“Constantconstructionsignalsthemotorcity’sreturntoglory(繁荣).(持续的建设标志着这座汽车城重回辉煌)”可知，伯明翰曾有大型钢铁厂，底特律是著名的汽车城，以大型工厂闻名是这两座城市的共同点。故选D项。BIsatinmyteacher’soffice,red-facedandanxious,speakingfasterthanIcouldcontrol:thestress,thesenseofnotbelonging,thesuspicionthatIwasnotcutoutforacademicwork.Insteadofbeingdisappointed,myteacherlistenedpatiently,andcalmlyreplied,“Youareheretolearntorideabicycle,nottoinventone.”Thatsentencelandedsoftly,butitcracked(砸开)somethingopen.Asafirst-generationuniversitygraduate,Ihadalwaysfeltthepressuretoleadtheway.Togetintograduateschool,Ifocusedonpresentingmyselfnotasatraineereadytolearn,butasanalreadysuccessful,skillfulresearcher.Ihadinternalizedthismindset.ButafterstartingmyPhD,Iwashitbywavesofacademicchallenges:Ibarelypassedmyfirst-yearclasses.Myresearchgroupwasfullofproductivememberswhowerepublishingqualitypaperssteadily,whilemyattemptstogeneratefresh,innovativeideashitonewallafteranother.IfeltIwasrunninganendlessracewithalatestart,leftfarbehind.Ihesitatedtosharemystruggleswithmyteacheratfirst.Ididn’twanthimtoseemeasafailure.Butaftermonthsofquietlycarryingthatweight,Ifinallyspokeup.Hiswordsredefinedgraduateschoolforme.Irealizedthatmyfocusonpursuingproductivityandgroundbreakingprojectswasmisguided.Theintensecompetitionhaddistracted(使分心)mefromtherealreasonIbecameaPhDcandidate:tolearnhowtodoresearchandhowtodevelop.Acceptingthatmindset,Ibegantoleanmoreonmyteacherandseniorteammembers,whichhelpedmemakeprogress.Iworriedlessaboutpublishingandproductivity,andeveryproject,whetheritfailedorsucceeded,becameameaningfulstepforward.Twoyearslater,IcompletedmyPhDandmasteredmyridingskillswhilealsograduallygatheringthetoolstoinventmyownbicycle.Now,I’mabouttoestablishmyownresearchgroup.I’llsurelyremindmytraineesthattheirjob,firstandforemost,istolearnhowtoride.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Hewasplanningtogiveup.B.Hewasreflectinguponhislife.C.Hewassufferingfromself-doubt.D.Hewascomplainingofhisstudies.5.WhydidtheauthorstruggleinhisPhDstudy?A.Herefusedtogettrained.B.Hestartedlaterthanothers.C.Hefailedhisfirst-yearclass.D.Hepushedhimselftoomuch.6.Whatdidtheteacher’swordsremindtheauthorof?A.Hisdesiretomakeprogress.B.Hismotiveforstudyingfurther.C.Hisambitionofleadingprojects.D.Histalentforacademicresearch.7.Whichsuggestionwilltheauthormostlikelygivetohistrainees?A.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Wellbegunishalfdone.D.Walkbeforeyoucanrun.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者攻读博士期间遭遇困境，在老师的点拨下转变心态，最终完成学业并获得成长的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Isatinmyteacher’soffice,red-facedandanxious,speakingfasterthanIcouldcontrol:thestress,thesenseofnotbelonging,thesuspicionthatIwasnotcutoutforacademicwork.(我坐在老师的办公室里，满脸通红，内心焦虑，说话快得无法控制：压力、那种格格不入的感觉，以及怀疑自己不适合学术工作的想法)”可知，作者当时正遭受自我怀疑的困扰，怀疑自己无法胜任学术工作。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Togetintograduateschool,Ifocusedonpresentingmyselfnotasatraineereadytolearn,butasanalreadysuccessful,skillfulresearcher.(为了进入研究生院，我一心想把自己塑造成一个已经成功、技艺娴熟的研究者，而不是一个准备学习的初学者)”和第三段、第四段的内容可知，作者在博士学习中挣扎，是因为他给自己施加了太大压力，一味追求高效和突破性成果，忽视了学习本身的意义，对自己要求过高。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Irealizedthatmyfocusonpursuingproductivityandgroundbreakingprojectswasmisguided.

Theintensecompetitionhaddistracted(使分心)mefromtherealreasonIbecameaPhDcandidate:tolearnhowtodoresearchandhowtodevelop.(我意识到，我一味追求产出效率和开创性项目，这种想法是错误的。激烈的竞争让我忘记了自己成为博士生的真正原因：学习如何做研究、如何成长)”可知，老师的话让作者想起了自己继续深造的动机——学习做研究、提升自己，而不是一味追求成果。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’llsurelyremindmytraineesthattheirjob,firstandforemost,istolearnhowtoride.(我一定会提醒我的学员们，他们的首要任务是学会如何“骑车”)”结合全文，作者从老师“先学骑车，再学发明车”的点拨中醒悟，明白学习要循序渐进，先打好基础再追求突破。故选D项。CThedoor-in-the-face(DITF)techniqueisapersuasionskilloftenusedbysalespeople.Apersonusingthistechniquefirstmakesonelargerrequestthattheyconsiderlikelytogetrejected.Oncethatdoorgetsclosedtothem,theyfollowitupwithasmallerrequest,askingforwhattheyreallywant.Ingeneral,DITFispotentinsituationswheretherequestsareforagoodcauseandthere’salogicalconnectionbetweentherequests.Itmightnotworkifitisarequestmakingthetargetfeeloffendedorpressured,orhavingnothingtodowiththefollowingone.Toexplorethetrick,ateamofresearchersledbyOliverGenschowattheUniversityofCologneconductedastudy.Inthestudy,theresearchteamtested391passersbywhowalkedaloneacrosscampus.Inthesmaller-request-onlycondition,passers-bywereaskedtovolunteerasaguideinazoofor2hours,and34percentofthepassersbyagreedtotakeupthejob.Inthelarge-then-smallrequestcondition,passersbywereaskedtoworkasanunpaidanimalcaretakerinazoofor2hoursaweekforatleast2years.Ifthepersonsaidno,theresearcheraskediftheywouldworkasavolunteerguideinthezoofor2hours.Inthiscondition,51percentofthepassersbyagreed.Theagreementrateincreasedby50percent!Somesayit’sbecausepeoplehavefeelingsofguiltafterrefusingthefirstrequest.Inessence,thetargetsseethesecondrequestascompromise(折中).Thankstotheuniversallawofmutualbenefit,whichsayswhenothersdosomethinggoodforyou,itshouldberepaid,thetargetsfeelsomewhatduty-boundtoagreetothesecondrequest,accordingtotheresearchers.Theyseethatotherstakeastepbackandfeeltheyshoulddoso,too.“Whilethismethodcomesintoplayinfieldslikepoliticalelectionsandnegotiationsbeyondtheretail(零售)business,itisnotwithoutrisks,”OliverGenschownoted.“Ifanindividualfeelsthatarequestisunreasonable,theymaybecomelessagreeabletosubsequentoffers.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Common. B.Obvious.C.Effective. D.Flexible.9.HowdidtheresearchteamexploreDITFintheirstudy?A.Bypredictingresponsestorequests.B.Byaskingprofessionalsquestions.C.Bysurveyingthesamepeopletwice.D.Bycomparingtworequeststrategies.10.Whydidtheagreementrateimproveaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Peopletendtoreturnkindness.B.Peoplefeelguiltyattherefusal.C.Rejectingothersfurtherishard.D.Thesecondrequestisreasonable.11.WhatdoOliverGenschow’swordsimplyaboutDITF?A.Itsexpansionisatrisk.B.Itmayhaveoppositeeffects.C.Itsfutureusageisuncertain.D.Itsuitsthebusinessfieldbest.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“拒门效应”这一说服技巧的定义、研究过程、作用原理及潜在风险。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Ingeneral,DITFispotentinsituationswheretherequestsareforagoodcauseandthere’salogicalconnectionbetweentherequests.Itmightnotworkifitisarequestmakingthetargetfeeloffendedorpressured,orhavingnothingtodowiththefollowingone.(一般来说，在请求是为了正当理由且请求之间存在逻辑联系的情况下，拒门效应是potent的。如果请求让目标感到冒犯或有压力，或者与接下来的请求无关，它可能就不起作用了)”可知，前后句形成对比，后文说“不起作用”，前文应是说“有效”，由此猜测potent意为“有效的”，与effective意思相近。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inthesmaller-request-onlycondition,passers-bywereaskedtovolunteerasaguideinazoofor2hours,and34percentofthepassersbyagreedtotakeupthejob.Inthelarge-then-smallrequestcondition,passersbywereaskedtoworkasanunpaidanimalcaretakerinazoofor2hoursaweekforatleast2years.Ifthepersonsaidno,theresearcheraskediftheywouldworkasavolunteerguideinthezoofor2hours.(在仅提出小请求的情况下，研究人员请路人自愿在动物园做2小时导游，34%的路人同意接受这份工作。在先提出大请求再提出小请求的情况下，研究人员请路人每周在动物园做2小时无薪动物饲养员，至少坚持2年。如果对方说不，研究人员就会问他们是否愿意在动物园做2小时志愿者导游)”可知，研究团队通过对比两种请求策略（仅小请求、先大后小请求）来探索拒门效应。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thankstotheuniversallawofmutualbenefit,whichsayswhenothersdosomethinggoodforyou,itshouldberepaid,thetargetsfeelsomewhatduty-boundtoagreetothesecondrequest,accordingtotheresearchers.(研究人员表示，这得益于普遍的互惠法则——当别人为你做了好事，你应该回报，因此目标会觉得有义务同意第二个请求)”可知，研究人员认为同意率提高的原因是人们倾向于回报善意。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whilethismethodcomesintoplayinfieldslikepoliticalelectionsandnegotiationsbeyondtheretail(零售)business,itisnotwithoutrisks,”OliverGenschownoted.“Ifanindividualfeelsthatarequestisunreasonable,theymaybecomelessagreeabletosubsequentoffers.”(奥利弗·根肖指出：“虽然这种方法在零售业之外的政治选举和谈判等领域发挥作用，但它并非没有风险。如果一个人觉得某个请求不合理，他们可能会对后续的提议变得不那么愿意接受。”)”可推断，奥利弗·根肖的话暗示拒门效应可能会产生相反的效果（即如果请求不合理，可能会让目标不愿接受后续提议）。故选B项。DMITscientistshavecreatedakindofhigh-tech“wrap”capableofcollectingsafedrinkingwaterdirectlyfromtheaireveninextremeenvironments.Thewaterharvesterismadefromhydrogel(水凝胶)thatiswrappedbetweentwolayersofglass.Atnight,thedeviceabsorbswatervapor(蒸气)fromtheatmosphere.Duringtheday,thevaporbecomeswaterontheglassthankstoacoatingthatkeepstheglasscool.Theliquidwaterthenflowsdowntheglassandiscollectedinasystemoftubes.Thehydrogelcomesinaspecialshape—aseriesofroundroofswithacircularbase,whicharelikeasheetofwrapthatexpandswhenabsorbingwatervapor.Theshapeincreasesthematerial’ssurfacearea,whichincreasestheamountofvaporitcanhold.Thisprocessrequiresnoelectricity,enhancingitssustainabilityandsuitability.ScientiststestedthenewdeviceforaweekinDeathValley,thehottestanddriestplaceinNorthAmerica.Itcouldevengenerateabout1/4to2/3ofacupofwater(57ml-161.5ml)everyday.Inotherareas,thedeviceshouldgeneratemore.Onechallengewiththehydrogelhadbeentheleakageofharmfulsaltsintothecollectedwater,buttheteamovercamethisbyusingasaltstabilizer,reducingharmfulsaltleakagetoconcentrationswellbelowsafetylimitsforgroundwater.Whileonepanelmightnotproduceenoughwatertosustainanentirehousehold,itdoesn’ttakeupmuchspace,whichmeansmultiplepanelscouldbesetupforasinglehousehold.Thescientistsestimatethateightpanelscouldbeenoughtosupplyahouseboldinplaceswherethereisn’teasyaccesstosafedrinkingwater.Comparedtothecostsofbottledwater,thedevicecouldpayforitselfinlessthanamonthandlastatleastoneyear.Thenewwaterharvesterisamajorsteptowardsprovidingsafe,accessibledrinkingwaterforpeopleacrosstheglobe,andworkswhereveryoumayfindwatervaporintheair.Theteamplanstotestthepanelsinmoreresource-limitedenvironmentstolearnmoreaboutthedevice’sperformanceunderdifferentconditions.12.Whatdeterminestheamountofthehydrogel’swaterharvest?A.Thequalityofthecoolcoating.B.Thenumberoftheglasslayers.C.Thespeciallydesignedstructure.D.Thevapor-absorbingfrequency.13.Whatadvantageofthedeviceisstressedinparagraph3?A.Itissustainable. B.Itishigh-tech.C.Itisproductive. D.Itisheat-resistant.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thedevice’spotentialforhomeuse.B.Thedevice’slowcostforhouseholds.C.Thepanel’ssuitabilityfortinyspaces.D.Thepanel’scapacityforwatersupply.15.Whatistheteam’snextfocusconcerningthedevice?A.Doingglobaltestsonit.B.Exploringitsadaptability.C.Enhancingitseffectiveness.D.Introducingittootherfields.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍MIT科学家发明的高科技水收集器的工作原理、测试情况、优势及未来研究计划。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thehydrogelcomesinaspecialshape—aseriesofroundroofswithacircularbase,whicharelikeasheetofwrapthatexpandswhenabsorbingwatervapor.Theshapeincreasesthematerial’ssurfacearea,whichincreasestheamountofvaporitcanhold.(这种水凝胶具有特殊的形状——一系列带有圆形底座的圆顶，就像一张吸水蒸气时会膨胀的包裹膜。这种形状增加了材料的表面积，从而增加了它能容纳的蒸气量)”可知，水凝胶收集水量的多少取决于其特殊的设计结构。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ScientiststestedthenewdeviceforaweekinDeathValley,thehottestanddriestplaceinNorthAmerica.Itcouldevengenerateabout1/4to2/3ofacupofwater(57ml-161.5ml)everyday.Inotherareas,thedeviceshouldgeneratemore.(科学家们在北美最热、最干燥的地方——死亡谷对这种新设备进行了一周的测试。它每天甚至能产生约1/4到2/3杯的水（57毫升-161.5毫升）。在其他地区，该设备应该能产生更多水)”可知，第三段重点强调了该设备的产水性，即生产力优势。故选C项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Whileonepanelmightnotproduceenoughwatertosustainanentirehousehold,itdoesn’ttakeupmuchspace,whichmeansmultiplepanelscouldbesetupforasinglehousehold.Thescientistsestimatethateightpanelscouldbeenoughtosupplyahouseholdinplaceswherethereisn’teasyaccesstosafedrinkingwater.(虽然一块面板可能无法产生足够的水来维持整个家庭的需求，但它占地面积不大，这意味着一个家庭可以安装多个面板。科学家估计，在难以获得安全饮用水的地方，八块面板就足以供应一个家庭)”可知，第四段主要介绍了该设备在家庭使用中的潜力。故选A项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theteamplanstotestthepanelsinmoreresource-limitedenvironmentstolearnmoreaboutthedevice’sperformanceunderdifferentconditions.(该团队计划在更多资源有限的环境中测试这些面板，以了解该设备在不同条件下的性能)”可知，该团队接下来的重点是探索该设备的适应性。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youentertheworldwhereyouareboundtoencounteradversity(逆境).___16___However,it’stheoneyouhavetoengagein,believingthatyoucangettotheotherside.Youneedstrategiesthatcanhelpyoupullthroughmoreeasily.Findingrolemodelsisdefinitelyconstructive.It’salwayscomfortingtoknowthatsomeoneelsehasexperiencedthesamechallengeyouhave.It’sevenmorehelpfultoknowthattheygotthroughit,andhow.___17___Nomatterwhotheyare,theyprovidetheinspirationandproofthatit’spossibletoovercomeadversity.Humansarebuiltforsocialconnections;individualswouldsuffermentallyandphysicallywithoutthem.Therefore,youshouldseeksocialsupportactively.Apositivesocialconnectionshoresupself-respect,lowersbloodpressureandbenefitstheheart.___18___Providingsupportforothersprovidesasenseofpurposeandreducesyourowndiscomfort.ViktorFranklwroteinMan’sSearchforMeaning,“___19___”It’snotcircumstancesbutthelackofasenseofpurposethatmakeslifeunbearable.Havingasenseofpurposeandstickingtovaluesthatsupportitprovidethestructureforsomethingpositive.Itisamotivationalforcethatoperateseveninthefaceofdifficulties,pullingpeopleforward.___20___Thereisanotherway,whichthescientistRichardDavidsoncallsthe“quietpath”:Insteadofdefeatingunhappiness,buildtheskillsofwell-being,andmakefriendswithyourmind.Then,whenadversitystrikes,recoveryisfast.That’simportantbecausefastrecoverypreventspeoplefromalwaysthinkingaboutthenegativepast.A.searchingforpurposetakeseffort.B.Therefore,understandingthemischallenging.C.Inthefaceofadversity,beingtoughisanoption.D.Butremember,givingisjustasimportantasgetting.E.Sufferingceasestobesufferingwhenitfindsameaning.F.Theycouldbepeopleintheflesh,orfictionalcharacters.G.Undoubtedly,gettingthroughadversityistypicallyastruggle.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.E20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。人生难免遭遇逆境，本文介绍应对方法：借鉴榜样力量，寻求并给予社交支持，找寻生活意义，也可培养平和心态以快速走出困境。【16题详析】根据上文“Youentertheworldwhereyouareboundtoencounteradversity(逆境).(你踏入这个世界后，必然会遭遇种种逆境)”以及后文“However,it’stheoneyouhavetoengagein,believingthatyoucangettotheotherside.Youneedstrategiesthatcanhelpyoupullthroughmoreeasily.(然而，你必须投身其中，坚信自己能够度过难关。你需要一些策略来帮助自己更顺利地度过这段时期)”可知，空前讲述人注定会遭遇逆境，空后转折“但这是你必须面对的”。故G选项“毫无疑问，熬过逆境往往是一场挣扎”衔接上下文，逻辑通顺。故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Findingrolemodelsisdefinitelyconstructive.It’salwayscomfortingtoknowthatsomeoneelsehasexperiencedthesamechallengeyouhave.It’sevenmorehelpfultoknowthattheygotthroughit,andhow.(寻找榜样确实是有益的。知道自己有这样的人作为榜样，会让人感到很安心，因为他们肯定也曾经历过与你相同的困难。而如果还能了解到他们是如何克服这些困难的，那就更是很有帮助了)”以及后文“Nomatterwhotheyare,theyprovidetheinspirationandproofthatit’spossibletoovercomeadversity.(无论他们是谁，他们都为我们提供了鼓舞人心的榜样，并证明了战胜逆境是完全有可能的)”可知，本段围绕寻找榜样展开，空后提到“无论他们是谁”，故F选项“他们可以是现实中的人，也可以是虚构人物”和下文关于榜样的身份呼应，F项中“They”指代前文rolemodels，前后呼应。故选F。【18题详析】根据上文“Humansarebuiltforsocialconnections;individualswouldsuffermentallyandphysicallywithoutthem.Therefore,youshouldseeksocialsupportactively.Apositivesocialconnectionshoresupself-respect,lowersbloodpressureandbenefitstheheart.(人类天生就倾向于建立社交联系；没有这些联系，个人的精神和身体都会受到损害。因此，你应该积极寻求社会支持。积极的社交关系能够增强自尊、降低血压并有益于心脏健康)”以及后文“Providingsupportforothersprovidesasenseofpurposeandreducesyourowndiscomfort.(为他人提供帮助会给你带来一种目标感，并且还能减轻你自身的不适感)”可知，前文讲寻求社会支持、人际关系的好处，后文讲述为他人提供支持的意义。故D选项“但要记住，付出和索取同样重要”承上启下，衔接获得帮助与付出帮助。故选D。【19题详析】根据后文“It’snotcircumstancesbutthelackofasenseofpurposethatmakeslifeunbearable.Havingasenseofpurposeandstickingtovaluesthatsupportitprovidethestructureforsomethingpositive.Itisamotivationalforcethatoperateseveninthefaceofdifficulties,pullingpeopleforward.(造成生活难以忍受的，并非具体的情况，而是缺乏目标感。拥有明确的目标并坚守支撑这一目标的价值观，能为生活构建起积极的框架。这是一种激励力量，即便在面临困难时也能发挥作用，推动人们不断前进)”可知，此处引用名言，后文核心围绕“人生目标、意义”展开。故E选项“痛苦找到意义之时，便不再是痛苦”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据后文“Thereisanotherway,whichthescientistRichardDavidsoncallsthe“quietpath”:Insteadofdefeatingunhappiness,buildtheskillsofwell-being,andmakefriendswithyourmind.Then,whenadversitystrikes,recoveryisfast.That’simportantbecausefastrecoverypreventspeoplefromalwaysthinkingaboutthenegativepast.(还有另一种方法，科学家理查德·戴维森将其称为“宁静之路”：不要试图消除不快情绪，而是培养实现幸福所需的技能，并与自己的内心建立联系。这样，在遭遇逆境时，就能迅速恢复。这一点很重要，因为快速恢复能避免人们总是纠结于过去的消极经历)”可知，后文介绍另一种面对困境的温和方式（平静之路），与之对应，此处先提出一种应对选择。故C选项“面对逆境，坚强抗压是一种选择”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Irentedthebanquet(宴会)hallofahoteltoholdaseriesoflectures.Onenight,Iwassuddenly____21____thatIhadtopaythreetimesasmuchastherentwehad____22____negotiated.Changewouldbe____23____,asthisnewsreachedmeaftertheticketshadbeendistributed.Naturally,Ididn’twanttopaythe____24____,buttherewasnousetalkingtothehotelaboutmy“want”.They____25____theirowninterests.“Idon’t____26____youthoughIwasshocked,”Isaidtothemanager,keepingcalm.“Afterall,it’syourduty.”ThenItookapieceofpaper,ranalinethroughthecenterandtitledonecolumn“Advantage”,andtheother“Disadvantage”.Iwrote“Banquethallstill____27____”underthetitle“Advantage”.Icouldchooseanotherspaceandthehotelcouldrentthehallforaffairs____28____more,gainingmoreprofits.ThenIwrote“____29____chancelost”under“Disadvantage”.Mylectureswould____30____crowdsofwell-educatedpeoplefromalloverthecountry.Theyweregoodchancestopublicizethehotel,whichwasmore____31____thanaffairslikeparties.Ihandedthepapertothemanagerandtoldhimtogivecareful____32____beforethefinaldecision.Theresult?Thehotel____33____myrent,butthepricewasmuchlessthanthreetimestheoriginalone.I____34____togetthiswithoutsayinganythingaboutmydemand,butbyfocusingonothers’____35____.21.A.convinced B.promised C.assured D.informed22.A.hopefully B.secretly C.initially D.immediately23.A.doubtful B.tricky C.lasting D.acceptable24.A.ticket B.increase C.rent D.hotel25.A.defended B.confirmed C.explained D.expressed26.A.judge B.disappoint C.blame D.offend27.A.clean B.popular C.spacious D.available28.A.paying B.requiring C.sacrificing D.modifying29.A.Educating B.Advertising C.Socializing D.Renewing30.A.engagewith B.agreewith C.relateto D.appealto31.A.valuable B.reliable C.fascinating D.encouraging32.A.direction B.attention C.consideration D.preparation33.A.raised B.rejected C.calculated D.covered34.A.arranged B.happened C.desired D.managed35.A.motivation B.concern C.response D.challenge【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者租赁酒店宴会厅办讲座时，被告知租金需涨三倍，最终通过换位思考说服酒店，以远低于三倍的价格解决问题的经历。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我突然被告知，我必须支付比我们最初协商的租金多三倍的费用。A.convinced说服；B.promised承诺；C.assured保证；D.informed告知。结合后文“thisnewsreachedme”可知，作者是被酒店告知租金上涨的消息。故选D。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我突然被告知，我必须支付比我们最初协商的租金多三倍的费用。A.hopefully有希望地；B.secretly秘密地；C.initially最初；D.immediately立刻。根据上文“suddenly”和“Ihadtopaythreetimesasmuchastherent

”可知，租金上涨是临时通知，与之前“最初”协商的价格形成对比。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：改变会很棘手，因为这个消息是在门票已经分发出去之后才传到我耳朵里的。A.doubtful可疑的；B.tricky棘手的；C.lasting持久的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据下文“theticketshadbeendistributed”可知，门票已分发，此时更换场地或取消讲座都很麻烦，情况棘手。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我不想支付这笔增长的费用，但和酒店谈我的“想法”是没用的。A.ticket门票；B.increase增长的部分；C.rent租金；D.hotel酒店。结合前文“paythreetimesasmuchastherent”可知，作者不想支付的是租金中上涨的部分。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只维护自己的利益。A.defended维护；B.confirmed确认；C.explained解释；D.expressed表达。根据上文“ Ihadtopaythreetimesasmuchastherent”可知，他们只考虑、维护自己的利益。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我很震惊，但我不怪你，”我冷静地对经理说。A.judge判断；B.disappoint使失望；C.blame责怪；D.offend冒犯。结合后文“keepingcalm”和“it’syourduty”可知，作者虽震惊，但没有责怪经理。故选C。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在“优势”一栏写下“宴会厅仍然可用”。A.clean干净的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.spacious宽敞的；D.available可用的。结合后文“Icouldchooseanotherspaceandthehotelcouldrentthehall”可知，宴会厅仍可使用，可租给他人。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以选择另一个场地，酒店可以把大厅租给支付更多费用的活动，获得更多利润。A.paying支付；B.requiring要求；C.sacrificing牺牲；D.modifying修改。结合下文“gainingmoreprofits”可知，酒店可将大厅租给愿意支付更高费用的活动。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我在“劣势”一栏写下“失去广告机会”。A.Educating教育；B.Advertising广告；C.Socializing社交；D.Renewing更新。结合后文“Theyweregoodchancestopublicizethehotel”可知，作者的讲座能为酒店宣传，此处指酒店会失去这个广告机会。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的讲座会吸引来自全国各地的大批受过良好教育的人。A.engagewith参与；B.agreewith同意；C.relateto与……相关；D.appealto吸引。结合下文“crowdsofwell-educatedpeople”可知，讲座会吸引很多人。故选D。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是宣传酒店的好机会，这比派对之类的活动更有价值。A.valuable有价值的；B.reliable可靠的；C.fascinating迷人的；D.encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据上文“Mylectureswould

____crowdsofwell-educatedpeoplefromalloverthecountry.Theyweregoodchancestopublicizethehotel”可知，吸引受过良好教育的人宣传酒店，比普通派对更有价值。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把纸递给经理，告诉他在做最终决定前仔细考虑。A.direction方向；B.attention注意力；C.consideration考虑；D.preparation准备。结合下文“beforethefinaldecision”可知，作者让经理仔细考虑，givecarefulconsideration为固定搭配，意为“仔细考虑”。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果呢？酒店提高了我的租金，但价格远低于原来的三倍。A.raised提高；B.rejected拒绝；C.calculated计算；D.covered覆盖。结合前文酒店要求涨租金和后文“butthepricewasmuchlessthanthreetimes”可知，酒店最终还是提高了租金，但幅度降低了。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有说任何关于我的要求，而是通过关注别人的关注点，设法做到了这一点。A.arranged安排；B.happened发生；C.desired渴望；D.managed设法做到。结合前文“Thehotel

____myrent,butthepricewasmuchlessthanthreetimestheoriginalone.

”可知，此处指设法做到，managetodosth为固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有说任何关于我的要求，而是通过关注别人的关注点，设法做到了这一点。A.motivation动机；B.concern关注点，关心的事；C.response回应；D.challenge挑战。结合前文作者从酒店的利益（盈利、宣传）出发分析，可知是关注了酒店的关注点。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AChineseballetdramaimpressedaudiencesoverseas.Theoriginalballet,ADreamofRedMansions,designedbytheNationalBalletofChina,___36___(present)abroadforthefirsttime.Theballetwasadapted___37___theclassicnovelADreamofRedMansions,writtenduringtheQingDynasty.Notably,___38___(interpret)thisclassicalnovelwithballet,thedancersoftheNationalBalletofChina___39___(stick)totheprinciplethateachcharactershouldberootedintraditionalChineseculture,buttheirpersonalitywouldbeillustratedthroughthelanguageofballet.Theballettechnique___40___(emphasize)astraightback,anopenchestandanupwardextensionwentagainstthetraditionalChineseexpression—moreimplicit(含蓄的).PrincipaldancerQiuYunting,whoperformedtheleadingfemaleroleofLinDaiyu,saidshe’dreviewedthewor