江苏省南京市、盐城市2026届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京市、盐城市2026届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Sad. B.Moved. C.Worried.【答案】B【原文】M:Soyoureallyhadnoideaabouttonight?W:No!Ithoughtitwasstrangethateveryonewassosecretive,butnowIrealizetheywereplanningsomethingspecialformybirthday.I’mgonnacry!2.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Eatout. B.Ordertakeout. C.Cookathome.【答案】C【原文】W:I’mstarving!Shouldwecookorgettakeout?M:Yourcall.Whatdoyouthink?W:Mystomachsaystakeout,butmywalletsaysno.Let’scheckthefridge.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Homeownerandgardener. B.Acouple. C.Neighbors.【答案】B【原文】W:Jack,lookatthebushesinthegarden!They’regrowingwild.M:Iknow,honey.Butourgardentoolsarebroken,soIneedtoborrowsomefromtheneighborsfirst.4.WhereisUncleTonyprobably?A.Atthehospital. B.Attheoffice. C.Athome.【答案】C【原文】M:Mom,shallwegotothehospitaltoseeUncleTonytoday?W:I’mafraidnot.Hewasreleasedafteraphysicalexaminationandisdoingmuchbetternow.M:That’sgreat!W:Andhewillgobacktoworknextweek.5.WhatisLilyoccupiedwithrecently?A.Jobhunting. B.Agraduationceremony. C.Collegeapplications.【答案】A【原文】M:Lily,how’syourgraduationproject?W:Actually,I’mbusywithjobapplications.M:Anyinterviewslinedup?W:Acouple!I’vebeenpracticingmyinterviewskills.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredidthespeakersfirstmeet?A.Atameeting. B.Atawedding. C.Inaclinic.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Takethewomantoadoctor. B.Hurrytohiscompany. C.Fixthebike.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Watchout!W:Ouch!M:Sosorryforknockingyouover.Areyouallright?Iwasrushingtoameeting.Mybiketiresuddenlywentflat,andIlostcontrol.W:IthinkI’mokay,justabitshaken.Wait...Didn’twemeetatAaron’sweddingreceptionlastweekend?M:Smallworld!Anyway,sorryaboutyourankle.W:It’sfine!GoaheadtoyourmeetingandIcanstandupbymyself.M:Oh,mymeetingcanwait.We’dbetterheadtotheclinicrightaway.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheinterviewforAnimalDreamland?A.Tosharestoriesbehindthescenes.B.Toshowitsmakingprocess.C.Todiscussitskeymessages.9.Whatistruecouragetotheman?A.Doingrightinspiteoffear.B.Havingnofearineverydaylife.C.Knowingthenewmeaningoffear.10.Whathelpsshapeaperson’strueself?A.Thepursuitofperfection. B.One’sfamilybackground. C.Personalchoice.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】W:Hi!We’refromtheVarietyShowinterviewteam.So,what’sthemessageyouwanttoconveytoyoungaudienceofAnimalDreamland?M:Oh,it’ssimple.Youknow,life’sabitmessy,andweallmessup,butchangealwaysstartswithyou,notothers.W:That’sgreat!Andmanyfanslovethelineaboutcourage.What’struecouragetoyou?M:Courageisn’tnofear.It’sgoingforwhat’sright,evenwhenyou’rescaredinside.W:Perfect!Andtheclassicline“anyonecanbeanything”—anynewmeaninghere?M:Sure!It’snotaboutbeingperfect.It’syourchoice,notyourbackground,thatshapesyourtrueself.That’stherealheartofAnimalDreamland.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thetopicoftheirgeographyproject.B.Theresearchmethodsofgeography.C.Thewaystopreservewetlands.12.WhatdoesPeterthinkofthecurrentsituationofwetlands?A.Confusing. B.Alarming. C.Promising.13.AccordingtoRachel,whyarewetlandsimportant?A.Theybringeconomicbenefits.B.Theyofferfoodtofarmers.C.Theyhelppurifywater.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【原文】M:Hi,Rachel.Anyideaforourgeographyproject?W:Hi,Peter.I’dliketodosomethingonwetlands.Youknow,theyareaspecialhabitatforwildlife.M:Icouldn’tagreemore.Unfortunately,moreandmorefarmersandcommercialdevelopersareoverusingthem,endangeringalllivingthingsthere.W:Soweneedtodiscusstheirimportanceinourassignment.M:Whataspectsofimportancedoyouthinkweshouldcover?W:Inmyopinion,wecanstartwithplantandwildlifehabitat,andthenexplaintheimportanceofwetlandsinpurifyingwater.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdoesthemanthinkAIwillserveasinthefuture?A.Anefficientassistant.B.Aproductiveprojectleader.C.Acomplextechnicalsystem.15.WhatwillAIbeusedfor?A.Trainingnewdoctors.B.Designingcitytrafficrules.C.Aidingmedicalimageanalysis.16.Whatdoesthemanadviseyoungpeopletodo?A.Becomeanexpert. B.Learnbydoing. C.Growinteams.【答案】14.A15.C16.B【原文】W:Today,we’rehonoredtohaveProfessorHuanghere.Asweknow,AIischangingeverything.Howdoyouseeitsroleinourdailylivesinfiveyears?M:Thankyou.AIisbecomingthefoundationofthedigitalworld.Inthefuture,itwon’tjustbeanapp—it’llbeapartner.ImaginedoctorsusingAItoanalyzemedicalimagesinseconds,orcitiesusingAItomanagetrafficinrealtime.Itwillbeeverywhere,anditwillbeinvisible,workingquietlytoimproveefficiency.W:Thatsoundstransformative!ManyyoungpeopleareexcitedaboutAIbutfinditcomplex.What’syouradviceforthem?M:Well,startwithcuriosity.Youdon’thavetobeanexpertrightaway.PlaywithAItoolsonline,trywritingsimplecodes,orjoinopen-sourceprojects.Thekeyistotryyourhandsatit.Thefieldisgrowingsofastandthere’sroomforeveryone.W:Thankyouforsharing.ProfessorHuang.M:Mypleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlydisplayedcopies?A.Theyaretruetotheoriginal.B.Theyarethesimplifiedversions.C.Theyareinneedofpreservation.18.WhatwastheinitialpurposeofcreatingtheYongleDadian?A.TogatherallknownknowledgeofChina.B.TorecordthehistoryoftheMingDynasty.C.Toevaluateancienthistoryandphilosophy.19.WhydoscholarscomparetheYongleDadiantoalibrary?A.Toproveitssocialvalue.B.Tohighlightitsrichcontent.C.Toshowitsgrowingpopularity.20.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anartist. B.Avisitor. C.Aguide.【答案】17.A18.A19.B20.C【原文】Hello,everyone!WelcometotheNationalLibraryofChina!BeforeyouisasetofnewlyreproducededitionoftheYongleDadian,buttheyarenotsimplecopies.TheyareproducedusingmodernhandmadeXuanpaperandhigh-qualitycolorprinting,whichcarefullypreservesthesize,weight,andhandwrittennotesoftheoriginalvolumes.Asyouturnthepages,youarenotjustreadinghistory—you’rewitnessingtheactofpreservationitself.Morethan600yearsago,EmperorYongleoftheMingDynastyorderedthecreationoftheYongleDadian.Hisgoalwasambitious:tocollectallknownknowledgeofChinaatthetimeintoonegreatwork.TheYongleDadianbroughttogetherover7,000ancientclassics,coveringhistory,philosophyandsoon,fromthepre-QinperiodtotheearlyMingDynasty.Tohelpvisitorsunderstanditsscale,scholarsoftencomparetheYongleDadiantoalibraryofknowledge,carefullywrittenbyhandandboundintothousandsofvolumes.Nowlet’stakeacloserlook.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AComforting,healthy,speedyorfresh?Whatevertypeofrecipeyou’relookingfor,theFeastapphasgotyoucovered.Withacollectionof7,000recipes,it’syourgo-topartnerforayearofcooking.Beyonditsrecipelibrary,Feastcomespackedwithsmart,uniquefeaturesdesignedtotakethestressoutofmakingnewdishes.SmartSearchPastaandtomato,curryandvegan(素食),dinnerandquick—Ifyoufancycookingsomethingspecific,oursearchandsuggestedoptionscanhelpyoufindwhatyou’relookingforsuperquick.CookModeWhenyou’rereadytorollupyoursleeves,cookmodegivesyoustep-by-stepinstructionsandkeepsyourscreenlive.Ifcookmodeisn’tforyou,youcanalsoprintoutallyourfavoriterecipes.RecipeCollectionsWhetheryou’vediscoveredanewfavoriteinChefEbuehi’sselectionofsweettreats,orgotinspirationinChefSodha’svegantips,youcansavethoserecipestoyourcollections,readyforwhenyouwanttogiveitago.ShoppingListNeedtoheadtotheshopsbeforeyoucookyourfavoriterecipe?Addingredientsfromanyrecipetoyourshoppinglist,thencrossthemoffasyoushop.Needtoshareorclearit?Tapthethreedotsfromtheshoppinglistandyou’resorted.TheFeastappcomeswitha14-dayfreetrial-followingthetrial,newsubscriberspayjust£0.99fortheirfirstmonth,thenthesubscriptionauto-renewsat£2.99permonthforallusers.Anannualsubscriptionispricedat£28.94,andincludesa15%discountforsubscriberswhosignupnow.21.WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheFeastapp?A.Itdeliversingredientstousers’homes. B.Itoffersreal-timeguidancefromchefs.C.Itspecificallytargetsfastfoodlovers. D.Itshowsusersdetailedcookingsteps.22.Howmuchwillanewuserpayfora6-monthFeastappsubscription?A.£12.30. B.£14.47. C.£15.94. D.£17.94.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducepopularrecipes. B.Topromoteasmartapp.C.Torecommendhealthydiets. D.Toadvertiseinstantfood.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Feast的智能烹饪应用程序，详细说明了其核心功能、订阅价格及优惠信息。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withacollectionof7,000recipes,it’syourgo-topartnerforayearofcooking.(拥有7000个食谱，它是你全年烹饪的首选伙伴。)”以及“CookMode”部分中“cookmodegivesyoustep-by-stepinstructions(烹饪模式为你提供分步说明)”可知，该应用程序能向用户展示详细的烹饪步骤。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据价格部分“newsubscriberspayjust£0.99fortheirfirstmonth,thenthesubscriptionauto-renewsat£2.99permonth(新用户第一个月仅需支付0.99英镑，之后订阅自动续费，每月2.99英镑)”可知，一个新用户订阅6个月的总费用为：第一个月0.99英镑+后续5个月×2.99英镑/月=0.99+14.95=15.94英镑。故选C项。【23题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章开篇引出Feast应用能满足各种食谱需求，接着详细介绍了其智能搜索、烹饪模式、食谱收藏和购物清单等独特功能，最后说明了订阅价格和优惠。整篇文章旨在详细介绍和推广这款智能烹饪应用。故选B项。BImprovingfitnesswasDionLeonard’sinspirationforstartingmarathonrecreationallytogetherwithhiswifeLucja,andthenasracecompetitors.AfterfinishingsixthinaSouthAfricanrace,hetraveledtoChinatocompeteina155-mileraceacrosstheGobiDesert.Onthefirstday,henoticedasmallstray(流浪的)dogwanderingaroundthecampsite,whereamusedcompetitorsfedherwiththeirownlimitedsupplies.Ondaytwo,Dionandthedogtooksometimetowarmuptoeachother,andsheeventriedtochewhisrunningequipment.DionsoonnamedherGobi.Besideshavingcompletedaracerequiringremarkablephysicalstrengthtogether,theyalsoovercameemotionallytryingcircumstanceswhentaskedwithsavingaseverelyworn-outcompetitor,ultimatelycostingthemfirstplaceintherace.Throughthickandthin,DionandGobisurvivedtogetherandhadnointentionsofpartingwaysatthefinishline.DeterminedtoadoptGobiandtakeherbacktohishomeinScotland,Dionlaunchedacrowdfundingcampaignthatprovedwildlysuccessful.Helaterdonatedallextrafundstostraydogrescueorganizations.However,disasterstruck:GobiwentmissinginUrumqiwhileawaitinganofficialapprovaltoleaveChina.Despitethelanguagebarrierandthecity’s3millionpopulation,Dionimmediatelyflewbacktosearchforher.Bythen,theirheartwarmingstoryhadgainedinternationalmediacoverage,inspiringhundredsofChinesevolunteerstojoininhissearch.Thankfully,Gobiwasfound.Thereuniondidmorethanbringthembacktogether;ithelpedpeopleofdifferentculturesgrowclosertogetheraswell.ThepairnowlivehappilyinTucson.DionhaswrittenandpublishedbooksdocumentinghisandGobi’sstory—thechildren’sbooktellsavisualstorythroughGobi’seyeswhiletheadultbook(aNewYorkTimesbestsellercalledFindingGobi)addressesthemessuchasDion’supbringingthatdrovehimnottoleaveGobibehind.Thedifferentangleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalueofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercomingobstacles.24.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.DionquicklyformedabondwithGobi.B.Theorganizersprovidedlimitedsupplies.C.Gobiamusedrunnersbychewingequipment.D.Dogswereencouragedtoaccompanyrunners.25.WhydidDionlaunchacrowdfundingcampaign?A.TofinancehissearchforGobi.B.Tohelprescueotherstraydogs.C.TocoverthecostofbringingGobibackhome.D.ToobtainanapprovalforGobitoleaveChina.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDion’sbooks?A.Criticalandcross-cultural. B.Motivationalandtime-honored.C.Innovativeandfantasy-rooted. D.Heartfeltandmulti-dimensional.27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Animalprotectionisalwaysontheway.B.Afriendshipcangobeyondboundaries.C.Travelingathousandmilesmakesaman.D.Differencescanbebridgedwithjointefforts.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马拉松选手迪翁·伦纳德在中国戈壁沙漠比赛中偶遇并收养流浪狗戈壁的感人故事，以及他们之间超越物种和文化的深厚友谊。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ondaytwo,Dionandthedogtooksometimetowarmuptoeachother,andsheeventriedtochewhisrunningequipment.DionsoonnamedherGobi.(第二天，迪翁和这只狗花了一些时间来熟悉彼此，她甚至试图咀嚼他的跑步装备。迪翁很快给她取名为戈壁)”可知，迪翁很快就和戈壁建立了感情联系。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“DeterminedtoadoptGobiandtakeherbacktohishomeinScotland,Dionlaunchedacrowdfundingcampaignthatprovedwildlysuccessful.(迪翁决心收养戈壁，并把她带回他在苏格兰的家，他发起了一场众筹活动，取得了巨大的成功)”可知，迪翁发起众筹活动是为了支付带戈壁回家的费用。故选C。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“DionhaswrittenandpublishedbooksdocumentinghisandGobi’sstory—thechildren’sbooktellsavisualstorythroughGobi’seyeswhiletheadultbook(aNewYorkTimesbestsellercalledFindingGobi)addressesthemessuchasDion’supbringingthatdrovehimnottoleaveGobibehind.Thedifferentangleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalueofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercomingobstacles.(迪翁撰写并出版了记录他和戈壁的故事的书籍——儿童读物通过戈壁的眼睛讲述了一个视觉故事，而成人读物（纽约时报畅销书《寻找戈壁》）则涉及了迪翁的成长经历等主题，这些主题驱使他不会抛弃戈壁。不同的角度涵盖了从锻炼的价值到动物福利再到克服障碍等方方面面)”可推知，迪翁的书是发自内心且多维度的。故选D。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Thedifferentangleseducateabouteverythingfromthevalueofexercisetoanimalwelfaretoovercomingobstacles.(不同的角度涵盖了从锻炼的价值到动物福利再到克服障碍等方方面面)”可知，文章讲述了迪翁和戈壁在极端环境中结下的友谊，迪翁不惜一切代价寻找走失的戈壁，以及他们的故事如何感动了不同文化背景的人们。他们的友谊跨越了物种和国界，因此B选项“Afriendshipcangobeyondboundaries.(友谊可以超越界限)”最符合文章主旨。故选B。COursolarsystemispepperedwithlargerocks,calledasteroids.IfabigasteroidstrikesEarth,therearemanypossibleoutcomes.Thespacerockcoulddropintotheoceanandnotharmanyone.Oritcouldwipeoutacity.Peoplehaveahardtimeunderstandingthechancesofanasteroidstrike.Soaresearchteamcalculatedthelikelihoodandcompareditwithotherevents—withsomesurprisingresults.“AlargeormediumasteroidhittingEarthwouldbenoticedworldwide,”saysCarrieNugent,aplanetaryscientistatOlinCollege.Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore,suchastheonethatfinishedoffthedinosaurs66millionyearsago,Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnotexpectedtooccurinthefuture.“Wetrytoputthisevent,whichisactuallyapreventableevent,incontextwithotherpreventableevents,”sheadds.Usingacomputerprogram,Nugentandherteammodeledagroupofasteroidssimilartorealnear-Earthobjects(NEOs).TheyfedthemintoaprogramcalledJPLHorizons.Anyonecanusethatprogramtolookuppredictedlocationsforobjectsinthesolarsystem.Forthisproject,herteamdeterminedwhethereachmodeledasteroidwouldcrosspathswithEarth.Thatallowedtheteamtoestimatethefrequencyofasteroidsbiggerthan140metersacross,whichisaroundthesizeofalargeship,Nugentsays.AnasteroidofthissizewouldhitEarthroughlyevery11,000years.However,thatnumberisstillhardtounderstand.SoNugentcomparedthechancesofanasteroidhittingEarthwithothereventsthatpeoplemayexperienceasfollows.One-In-XChanceEventHappenstoanIndividual,orthePlanet,OveraHumanLifetimeBooksandmoviesoftendescribeasteroidrun-insasunstoppableevents.“Thetruthisactuallyentirelytheopposite,”shesays.NASA’sDARTMissionin2022hitanasteroidthatwasn’tindangerofhittingEarth.Thetestchangedtheasteroid’spath.Thisshowedthatpeoplemightbeabletoavoidsuchacrashoneday.So,it’simportanttodoresearch,suchasskysurveys,thatlocatetheseobjects.28.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdoesNugentthinkofasteroidsstrikingEarth?A.It’shardtopredictit. B.It’surgenttopreventit.C.There’snoneedtoworryaboutit. D.There’llbedisastrousoutcomes.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inparagraph4referto?A.Computermodeling. B.Frequencyestimate.C.Systemoperation. D.Projectassessment.30.Whichofthefollowingeventsisleastlikelytohappen?A.Coyoteattack. B.Elephantattack.C.Carbonmonoxidepoisoning. D.Asteroidimpact.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tointroducevariousasteroidresearchmethods.B.ToapplaudNASA’sasteroidresearchfindings.C.Todrawmediaattentiontoasteroidresearch.D.Tostresstheimportanceofasteroidresearch.【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家CarrieNugent及其团队通过计算机模拟计算小行星撞击地球的可能性，并将其与其他日常事件进行比较，以消除人们对小行星撞击的过度恐惧，同时强调了小行星研究的重要性。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore,suchastheonethatfinishedoffthedinosaurs66millionyearsago,Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnotexpectedtooccurinthefuture.(虽然致命的小行星以前曾撞击过地球，比如6600万年前导致恐龙灭绝的那颗，但Nugent表示，未来预计不会发生类似的情况)”可推知，Nugent认为未来不太可能发生类似恐龙灭绝那样的小行星撞击事件，因此人们不必过于担心。故选C。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Usingacomputerprogram,Nugentandherteammodeledagroupofasteroidssimilartorealnear-Earthobjects(NEOs).TheyfedthemintoaprogramcalledJPLHorizons.Anyonecanusethatprogramtolookuppredictedlocationsforobjectsinthesolarsystem.Forthisproject,herteamdeterminedwhethereachmodeledasteroidwouldcrosspathswithEarth.(利用计算机程序，Nugent及其团队构建了一组与真实近地天体（NEO）类似的小行星模型。他们将这些模型输入名为“JPLHorizons”的程序中。任何人都可以使用该程序来查询太阳系中物体的预计位置。在此次项目中，她的团队确定了每颗模型小行星是否会与地球相撞)”及第四段“Thatallowedtheteamtoestimatethefrequencyofasteroidsbiggerthan140metersacross,whichisaroundthesizeofalargeship,Nugentsays.(Nugent说，这使得研究团队能够估算出直径超过140米（相当于一艘大型船只的大小）的小行星出现的频率)”可推知，That指代的是前文提到的“computermodeling(计算机模拟)”这一过程，正是通过计算机模拟，团队才能估算小行星撞击的频率。故选A。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据文中关于概率的表格（One-In-XChance）可知，各事件发生的概率分别为：A.Coyoteattack(土狼袭击)1in1,000,000；B.Elephantattack(大象袭击)1in10,000；C.Carbonmonoxidepoisoning(一氧化碳中毒)1in100；D.Asteroidimpact(小行星撞击)1in1,000。注意：对数坐标的特点：坐标轴是10倍递增的（1→10→100→1000），所以视觉上的距离不代表线性比例，比如X从1到100，概率差了100倍，而不是100倍的视觉长度。概率越小，事件发生的可能性越低，土狼袭击的概率为百万分之一，是四个选项中最小的，因此最不可能发生。故选A。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Booksandmoviesoftendescribeasteroidrun-insasunstoppableevents.“Thetruthisactuallyentirelytheopposite,”shesays.NASA’sDARTMissionin2022hitanasteroidthatwasn’tindangerofhittingEarth.Thetestchangedtheasteroid’spath.Thisshowedthatpeoplemightbeabletoavoidsuchacrashoneday.So,it’simportanttodoresearch,suchasskysurveys,thatlocatetheseobjects.(书籍和电影常常将小行星碰撞事件描述为无法阻止的灾难性事件。但她表示：“事实恰恰相反。”美国宇航局2022年的DART任务击中了一颗没有撞击地球危险的小行星。这次测试改变了这颗小行星的轨道。这表明，或许有一天人类能够避免此类碰撞。因此，开展研究工作，比如进行天空普查，以定位这些天体，是非常重要的)”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是强调小行星研究的重要性。故选D。DIntheearlyhoursofMarch13,1964,KittyGenovesewasattackedviolentlynearherNewYorkapartmentdespiteneighborshearingherscreams.ThecasemadeheadlinesinTheNewYorkTimes,whichreportedthat38witnessesheardtheattackbuttooknoaction.Tofigureoutthereason,socialpsychologistsJohnDarleyandBibbLatanéconductedtwoclassicexperiments.Theirfirstexperimentshowedthatthemorebystanderstherewere,themoreanindividual’ssenseofresponsibilitydiffused—85%ofparticipantshelpedinaone-on-onesituation,whileonly31%didsoinagroupofsix.Intheirsecondsmokeexperiment,75%ofpeoplealonesoughthelpwhensmokefilledtheroom,butjust10%didsowithpassivebystandersaround.Theypointedoutthatthebystandereffectmainlyspringsfrompeople’sfailuretointerpretasituationasanemergencyduetoothers’inaction.Thesecondreasonforthebystandereffectisthatwhenmultiplebystandersarepresent,eachpersonfeelslesspersonalcommitmenttoact,astheyassumeothers(especiallythosewithprofessionalskillslikedoctorsorpolice)willintervene.Thisphenomenonismorecommoninurbanareaswithmanystrangers,unlikeinsmallcommunitieswherepeoplefeelaclearsenseofresponsibilitytohelpotherstheyknow.RecentresearchhascastdoubtontheuniversalityofDarleyandLatané’sclassicbystandereffecttheory.Usingreal-worldCCTVfootagefromthreepairsofculturallydiversecities—Lancaster,Amsterdam,andCapeTown—Dr,RichardPhilpotofLancasterUniversityandhisteamanalyzed212violentincidents.Theirfindingsshowedthatbystandersintervenedin91%ofcases,andindirectcontradictiontotheoriginaltheory,thepresenceofmorebystandersactuallyincreasedthelikelihoodofintervention,withmultiplepeopleoftensteppingintogether.Theconsistenttypesofinterventionacrossdifferentcitiessuggestwearebornwiththewishtohelpothers,drivenbysocialconventionsandadesiretounderstand,protect,andassistothers.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diffused”‘inparagraph2mean?A.Weakened. B.Shifted. C.Continued. D.Increased.33.Thebystandereffectoccursprimarilybecausepeople_________.A.areunwillingtohelpstrangersB.areinfluencedbyurbanizationC.arediscouragedbyprofessionalsD.areunabletorecognizeanemergency34.WhichstatementdoesPhilpotprobablyagreewith?A.Protectingothersshouldbeadvocated.B.Bystanderresponsesrelyoninterventiontypes.C.Thetendencytohelpisrootedinhumannature.D.Culturaldifferencesleadtothebystandereffect.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheColdShoulder B.TheBlindEyeC.AWillingHeart D.AStillTongue【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍旁观者效应的经典理论与实验，以及最新研究对该理论的反驳，探讨人们面对突发事件时的旁观现象。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Theirfirstexperimentshowedthatthemorebystanderstherewere,themoreanindividual’ssenseofresponsibilitydiffused—85%ofparticipantshelpedinaone-on-onesituation,whileonly31%didsoinagroupofsix.(他们的第一个实验表明，旁观者越多，个人的责任感就越分散diffused——一对一情境下有85%的参与者会提供帮助，而六人小组中仅有31%的人会这样做。)”可知，旁观者数量增加，个人责任感随之降低，因此diffused意为“减弱、削弱”，与A项“Weakened”意思一致。故选A项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theypointedoutthatthebystandereffectmainlyspringsfrompeople’sfailuretointerpretasituationasanemergencyduetoothers’inaction.(他们指出，旁观者效应主要源于人们因他人的不作为而无法将当下情况判定为紧急事件。)”可知，旁观者效应出现的主要原因是人们无法识别出紧急情况。故选D项。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theconsistenttypesofinterventionacrossdifferentcitiessuggestwearebornwiththewishtohelpothers,drivenbysocialconventionsandadesiretounderstand,protect,andassistothers.(不同城市中一致的干预行为表明，我们天生就拥有帮助他人的意愿，这受社会习俗以及理解、保护和帮助他人的渴望所驱动。)”可知，菲尔波特认同帮助他人的倾向根植于人性之中。故选C项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“KittyGenovesewasattackedviolentlynearherNewYorkapartmentdespiteneighborshearingherscreams.ThecasemadeheadlinesinTheNewYorkTimes,whichreportedthat38witnessesheardtheattackbuttooknoaction.(基蒂·吉诺维斯在纽约公寓附近遭到暴力袭击，尽管邻居们听到了她的尖叫。这起案件登上了《纽约时报》头条，报道称有38名目击者听到了袭击却没有采取任何行动。)”以及后文对旁观者效应的阐释，文章核心围绕人们面对紧急事件视而不见、不予干预的现象展开，因此“TheBlindEye(视而不见)”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneearlymorning,asIwalkedaroundtheblock,afriend’s“hi”frommyphonenearlystoppedmeinmytracks.____36____Shetalkedmethroughalifeupdatefromtheoppositesideofthecountry.Itfeltlikethesurpriseofanunexpectedletterbecausewenormallydidn’tcommunicatethatway.Atthetime,Ionlysentvoicemessagesoccasionally.Stagefrightwouldkickin.IworriedthatI’dsaythewrongthing,orthatotherswouldexperiencethesamecringe(局促不安)uponhearingmyvoicethatIdo.____37____Butrecently,I’vefoundmyselfrecallinghowmyfriend’svoicebrokethroughloneliness.Particularlyduringaseasonthat’ssupposedtobeallaboutlove,Ithinkaboutallthewaysthatcanlook-specifically,howwereachoutandconnect.AsI’vesentmorerandomvoicemessagestolovedones,it’sbecomeobvioushowmuchIwaslongingforthispointofconnectionwiththem._____38_____There’salevelofclosenessthatcomeswiththiskindoflistening.____39____Itallowsyoutotakeyourtimeandspeakwithoutthepressureofanimmediateresponse.Youcanfillitwithlaughter,pauses,andtonethatatextmessagecan’tconvey.It’sasmallactofpresence,awaytosay,“I’mthinkingofyou,andIwanttoconnectinawaythatfeelshuman.”Inaworldwheresomuchofourcommunicationisquick,instrumental,andscreen-based,voicemessagesarearebellion(反抗).They’reachoicetobeunpolished,tobereal,andtoinvesttimeinsomeoneelse.____40____It’sjustafriend’s“hi”inyourpocket,waitingforyoutohitplay.A.Infact,I’malateadopterofvoicemessaging.B.IfindcomfortintheirvoicesevenifIcan’tseetheirfaces.C.ItwasthefirstvoicemessageIrememberclickingplayon.D.Whenwereachout,wecanbetterunderstandothers’difficulties.E.Sometimes,connectiondoesn’thavetobegrandtobemeaningful.F.Ithinkbetterinwriting,I’dtellmyself,holdingontomytextmessagesG.Avoicemessageisaconsciouschoiceforthoughtful,heartfeltconnection.【答案】36.C37.F38.B39.G40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过回忆朋友发来的一条语音信息带来的温暖，反思了语音消息在快节奏、屏幕化的现代沟通中，作为一种真实、人性化连接方式的价值。【36题详析】根据上文“Oneearlymorning,asIwalkedaroundtheblock,afriend’s“hi”frommyphonenearlystoppedmeinmytracks.(一天清晨，当我漫步在小区里时，手机传来朋友的“hi”声差点让我停下脚步。)”可知，作者提到了手机里朋友发来的“hi”，空格后描述了这个语音消息的内容和感受。C项“ItwasthefirstvoicemessageIrememberclickingplayon.(这是我记得我点开的第一个语音消息。)”承接上文，具体说明了这条消息的性质，并引出下文的感受。故选C项。【37题详析】上文“Atthetime,Ionlysentvoicemessagesoccasionally.Stagefrightwouldkickin.IworriedthatI’dsaythewrongthing,orthatotherswouldexperiencethesamecringe(局促不安)uponhearingmyvoicethatIdo.(当时，我只是偶尔会发送语音消息。我会感到紧张不安。我担心自己会说错话，或者别人听到我的声音时会像我一样感到局促不安。)”提到作者过去很少发语音，因为会有“舞台恐惧”，担心说错话或自己的声音让人尴尬。F项“Ithinkbetterinwriting,I’dtellmyself,holdingontomytextmessages.(我告诉自己，我更擅长文字表达，并坚持发文字消息。)”解释了作者之前偏爱文字消息的原因，是对上文stagefright和cringe的进一步说明。故选F项。【38题详析】空格位于段落开头。下文提到“There’salevelofclosenessthatcomeswiththiskindoflistening.(这种倾听带来了一种亲近感。)这种closeness是一种慰藉。B项“IfindcomfortintheirvoicesevenifIcan’tseetheirfaces.(即使我看不到他们的脸，我也能从他们的声音中找到安慰。)”与下文的“亲近感”逻辑一致，且theirvoices与段