河北省唐山市遵化市2025-2026学年高一下学期学业水平测试期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省唐山市遵化市2025-2026学年高一下学期学业水平测试期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节；满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOnlinePlatformsforStudentsPlatform1:SmartStudySmartStudyprovidesprofessionalonlinecoursesformiddleschoolstudents.Ithasliveclasses,recordedvideosandhomeworkreviewservices.Experiencedteacherscananswerquestionsonlineatanytime.Theplatformalsoofferspracticetestsandprogressreportstohelpstudentsknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Price:49yuanpermonth.Service:24-houronlinehelpandfreelearningmaterials.Platform2:E-LibraryE-Libraryhasthousandsoffreee-books,articlesandpoems.Studentscanreadonlineordownloadbookstotheirphones.Italsohelpsreadersrecordtheirreadingtimeandsetreadingplans.Price:Free.Platform3:HobbyClubHobbyClubisanonlinecommunityforstudentswhosharethesameinterests.Userscanjoingroupsforart,music,photographyandsports.Theycancommunicate,shareworksandtakepartinonlineactivities.Price:Free.Platform4:VolunteerOnlineVolunteerOnlineconnectsteenagerswithmeaningfulvolunteerwork.Studentscanhelpwithonlinetutoring,environmentalpromotionandcharityactivities.Timeisflexible.Price:Free.1.HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwomonthsofSmartStudy?A.30yuan. B.49yuan. C.98yuan. D.Free.2.Whichplatformismostsuitableforastudentwholovesreading?A.SmartStudy B.E-Library C.HobbyClub. D.VolunteerOnline3.WhatdoE-Library,HobbyClubandVolunteerOnlinehaveincommon?A.Theyprovide24-hourhelp. B.Theyoffervideocourses.C.Theyneedreal-nameregistration. D.Theyarefreeofcharge.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】主要介绍了四个在线平台，涵盖各平台的功能、价格及服务，为学生提供不同类型的学习、兴趣交流及志愿服务资源。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“SmartStudy”部分“Price:49yuanpermonth.”(价格：每月49元)可知，两个月的费用为49×2=98元。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“E-Library”部分“E-Libraryhasthousandsoffreee-books,articlesandpoems.Studentscanreadonlineordownloadbookstotheirphones.Italsohelpsreadersrecordtheirreadingtimeandsetreadingplans.(电子图书馆有数千本免费电子书、文章和诗歌。学生可以在线阅读或把书下载到手机上。它还帮助读者记录阅读时间并制定阅读计划)”可知，对于热爱阅读的学生，电子图书馆有丰富的阅读资源及辅助阅读的功能，最为合适。【3题详析】细节理解题。从“E-Library”部分“Price:Free.”(价格：免费)、“HobbyClub”部分“Price:Free.”(价格：免费)以及“VolunteerOnline”部分“Price:Free.”(价格：免费)可知，E-Library、HobbyClub和VolunteerOnline这三个平台的共同之处是它们都是免费的。BRobertTaylortalksabouthisartshowLikeallchildren,IwasalwaysgettingmyselfandthekitchentableinamesswhenIfirsttookaninterestinpainting.Unlikemanykids,whogiveupactivitieslikeartforothersubjectswhentheygothroughschool,Icontinuedpaintingthroughoutmychildhood.Now,afteryearsofenjoyment,I’vefinallydecidedtodisplaysomeofmyworksbyholdingashowatGlebeStreetlibrary.I’veneverhadanyformalarttraining.WhenIwastryingtodecidewhatIshouldstudyatuniversity,artasasubjectneverenteredmyhead.IalwaysthoughtmyparentswantedmetofollowasubjectthatwouldbeusefulwhenIwaslookingforajob,soIendeduptakingabusinesscourse.Andduringmytimeatuniversity,Iseldompainted.Itwouldn’thavebeeneasytopaintanywayasIlivedinschoolandhadverylittlespace.Ikeptaninterestinartthoughandvisitedlocalexhibitions(展览)wheneverIcould,butthatwasaboutit.ItwaslaterinmythirtieswhileIwasworkingthatIdiscoveredmyloveoftheactivityagain.SincethenI’vemadeapointofspendingatleastoneeveningaweekpainting.However,myworkshaveonlyeverbeenseenbytrustedfriends.They’vealwaysgivenmeplentyofsupportandencouragement.ButI’vealwayswonderedwhatstrangerswouldthink.Maybetheycouldgivemeanhonestopinionofmyability.Thelibraryhasofferedmearoomfortheshow.They’veaskedmetosupplyquestionnairesabouttheeventandI’veincludedasectionforvisitors’commentsabouttheworks.I’mverymuchlookingforwardtoreadingtheseopinions.4.Whatcanweknowaboutthewriterfromparagraph1?A.Hekeptpaintinginhischildhood.B.Hehasheldseveralgreatartshows.C.Helikedcookingwhenhewasachild.D.Hegaveupothersubjectsforartinschool.5.Whydidthewriterchooseabusinesscourseinsteadofartinuniversity?A.Hehadnoformalarttraining.B.Hisparentsforcedhimtodoso.C.Thebusinesscoursehelpsinjob-hunting.D.Jobsinbusinesswerewell-paid.6.Whatdidthewriterdoaboutartinuniversity?A.Hepaintedalotinschool. B.Hevisitedartexhibitions.C.Heorganizedartactivities. D.Hedidpart-timejobsaboutart.7.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribethewriter?A.Hardworkingbutshy. B.Creativebutunlucky.C.Positiveandwarm-hearted. D.Determinedandtalented.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了RobertTaylor讲述自己举办艺术展的经历，包括他童年绘画的经历、大学未选择艺术专业的原因、大学期间与艺术的接触以及举办艺术展的过程。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Unlikemanykids,whogiveupactivitieslikeartforothersubjectswhentheygothroughschool,Icontinuedpaintingthroughoutmychildhood.(不像许多孩子在学校时放弃艺术等活动选择其他科目，我在整个童年时期都一直在画画)”可知，作者在整个童年时期持续绘画。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据原文第二段“IalwaysthoughtmyparentswantedmetofollowasubjectthatwouldbeusefulwhenIwaslookingforajob,soIendeduptakingabusinesscourse.(我一直认为我父母希望我选择一个对未来找工作有用的专业，所以我最终选择了一门商科课程)”可知，作者一直认为父母希望作者选择一个对未来找工作有用的专业，所以最终选择了一门商科课程，可推理出作者选择商科的原因是他认为这对将来找工作有帮助。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Ikeptaninterestinartthoughandvisitedlocalexhibitions(展览)wheneverIcould,butthatwasaboutit.(不过我对艺术一直保持着兴趣，并尽可能地参观当地的艺术展览，除此之外就没有别的了)”可知，作者在大学期间会参观艺术展览。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Likeallchildren,IwasalwaysgettingmyselfandthekitchentableinamesswhenIfirsttookaninterestinpainting.Unlikemanykids,whogiveupactivitieslikeartforothersubjectswhentheygothroughschool,Icontinuedpaintingthroughoutmychildhood.Now,afteryearsofenjoyment,I’vefinallydecidedtodisplaysomeofmyworksbyholdinganshowatGlebeStreetlibrary(就像所有的孩子一样，当我第一次对绘画感兴趣时，总会把厨房桌子和我自己弄得一团糟。与许多孩子不同，他们在上学时会因为其他科目而放弃艺术等活动，我整个童年都在继续画画。现在，经过多年的享受，我终于决定在格莱比街图书馆举办一场展览来展示我的一些作品)”可知，作者童年一直绘画，说明他有毅力；从文章最后一段“However,myworkshaveonlyeverbeenseenbytrustedfriends.They’vealwaysgivenmeplentyofsupportandencouragement.ButI’vealwayswonderedwhatstrangerswouldthink.Maybetheycouldgivemeanhonestopinionofmyability.Thelibraryhasofferedmearoomfortheshow.They’veaskedmetosupplyquestionnairesabouttheeventandI’veincludedasectionforvisitors’commentsabouttheworks.I’mverymuchlookingforwardtoreadingtheseopinions(然而，我的作品只被信任的朋友看过。他们总是给我很多支持和鼓励。但我一直想知道陌生人会怎么看。也许他们能对我的能力给出一个诚实的评价。图书馆给了我一个房间来办展览。他们让我提供关于活动的问卷，我包括了一个部分供参观者对作品发表评论。我非常期待阅读这些意见)”可知，作者想要展示自己的作品并且期待陌生人的看法，这体现出他很有决心；同时作者能够举办艺术展也说明他有一定才华，可以推断出作者是一个有决心的人，而且是一个有天赋的人。故选D项。CFoodwasteisagrowingglobalproblem.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBathrecentlyfocusedononespecificexampleoffoodwaste:singlebananas.Theyconductedwhattheycalledthe“singlebananaexperiment”inamajorGermansupermarket.First,theyputsignsnexttothesinglebananas.Onesignhadapictureofasadbanana,andtheotherhadapictureofahappyone.Then,theyobservedthebuyingbehaviorof3,810customersover192hours.Theresultswerestriking.Onaverage,thenumberofsinglebananaswiththesadsignsoldperhourincreasedby58%.Incomparison,thehappybananasignincreasedhourlysalesofsinglebananasbyonly5.4%.Shoppersoftenleavesinglebananasbehind.Thispickybehaviorisabigreasonwhy131milliontonsoffoodarethrownawaybystoreseachyear.Wantingtobelongcomesnaturallytopeople.Thesadsignsonthesinglebananasmadecustomerscare,leadingthemtopickupthesinglebananas.“Iwasn’tawareofhowsinglebananasadduptosuchabigfoodwasteproblem,andnowIalwayslookoutforsinglebananaswhenI’mshopping,”onecustomersaid.Theeffectofthesadbananasdidnotoutweigh(胜过)adropinprice—pricereductionwasmoreeffectiveatdrivingpeopletochoosesinglebananas.“However,foodretailers(零售商)couldapplyastep-by-stepapproach.Theycouldfirsttryemotionalmarketingasawaytoenticecustomersbeforeturningtopricereduction,”saidDrEckmannfromtheBathRetailLabattheUniversityofBath.“Wedon’tknowwhethercustomerswillremainconcernedaboutsadbananasinthelongrun,butit’sanideathatcertainlydrawspeoplein,andiseasytoactonnow.”8.Whatwasthepurposeofthesadbananasign?A.Topromotehealthyeatinghabits.B.Tohelptoprotecttheenvironment.C.Toincreasesalesofsinglebananas.D.Tocreateafunshoppingexperience.9.Whatdoesthecustomer’scommentinparagraph3mainlyshow?A.Signsstillneedtobeimproved. B.Awarenessisofgreatimportance.C.Singlebananastastedmuchbetter. D.Storesareresponsibleforfoodwaste.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“entice”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Challenge. B.Aid. C.Attract. D.Understand.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acreativeapproachtoreducingbananawaste.B.AstudyonthefoodwasteprobleminGermany.C.Theinspirationforthesinglebananaexperiment.D.Theimportanceofmarketingstrategiesinretail.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文主要介绍的是巴斯大学研究人员在德国一家超市进行的一项“单根香蕉实验”，通过放置带有悲伤表情的香蕉标识来减少食物浪费。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onaverage,thenumberofsinglebananaswiththesadsignsoldperhourincreasedby58%.(平均而言，带有悲伤标识的单根香蕉每小时销量增加了58%。)”可知，悲伤香蕉标识的目的是增加单根香蕉的销量。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段““Iwasn’tawareofhowsinglebananasadduptosuchabigfoodwasteproblem,andnowIalwayslookoutforsinglebananaswhenI’mshopping,”onecustomersaid.(一位顾客说：‘我之前没有意识到单根香蕉会累积成如此严重的食物浪费问题，现在我在购物时总会留意单根香蕉。’)”可知，这位顾客的评论表明，提高人们对食物浪费问题的意识非常重要，悲伤标识让顾客开始关注并改变购买行为。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段““However,foodretailers(零售商)couldapplyastep-by-stepapproach.Theycouldfirsttryemotionalmarketingasawaytoenticecustomersbeforeturningtopricereduction,”saidDrEckmannfromtheBathRetailLabattheUniversityofBath.(然而，巴斯大学巴斯零售实验室的埃克曼博士说：“食品零售商可以采取循序渐进的方法。在采取降价措施之前，他们可以首先尝试情感营销作为一种方式来entice顾客”)”可知，情感营销是吸引顾客的一种方式。entice意为“吸引”，与attract意思相近。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBathrecentlyfocusedononespecificexampleoffoodwaste:singlebananas.Theyconductedwhattheycalledthe‘singlebananaexperiment’inamajorGermansupermarket.(巴斯大学的研究人员最近关注了一个具体的食物浪费例子：单根香蕉。他们在德国一家大型超市进行了他们所谓的”单根香蕉实验”。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种减少香蕉浪费的创新方法。DNomatterwheretheyliveintheworld,ingeneral,womenarebetteratempathizing(产生共鸣)withotherpeoplethanmen,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPNAS.Cognitive(认知的)empathyisthatapersonisabletounderstandwhatsomeoneelsemightbethinkingorfeeling.Soif,forinstance,apersonissayinghehadabadtimewithhisfamilyovertheholiday,apersonwithcognitiveempathywouldunderstandhowthatbadtimemakesthepersonfeelbyputtinghimself/herselfinthatperson’sshoes.It’sdifferentfromemotionalempathy:apersonfeelsanotherperson’semotionsandrespondswithaproperreactionoremotion.Forinstance,ifsomeoneiscryingaboutabrokenrelationship,apersonwithemotionalempathywouldstarttofeelsadtoo,andtakepityonthatperson.There’satestontheUniversityofCambridge’swebsitethattestsbothformsofempathy.Toconductthisnewstudy,researchersusedthe“EyesTest”.Thetestaskssubjectstolookatphotosoftheareaaroundaperson’seyes.Thepersonismakingaparticularkindoffacialexpression,andthestudysubjectmustidentifywhatthatpersonisthinkingorfeelingfromasetofpossibilities.Theauthorsofthestudymixedtheirresultswithlargeonlinedata,gettingresultsfromnearly306,000peopleacross57countriesincludingArgentina,Croatia,Egypt,India,JapanandNorway.In36countries,womenscoredonaveragesignificantlyhigherintheircognitiveempathythanmendid.In21ofthecountries,women’sandmen’sscoresweresimilar.Therewasn’tasinglecountryinwhichmenscoredbetter,onaverage,thanwomen.Theresultsheldacrosseightlanguagesandwerethesameacrossthelifespan,frompeopleaged16to70.Insomeoftheearlierstudies,sexdifferencesinempathyweresometimesputdowntobiologicalandsocialfactors.Understandingsexdifferencesinempathycouldhelpscientistsbetterunderstandwhycertainmentalhealthproblemsimpactmorementhanwomen,theresearcherssaid.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbeclassifiedasemotionalempathy?A.Apersonunderstandsthedilemmaofanotherperson.B.Afriendhelpsagirlrelievesadnessofmissinghermother.C.Anurseshowsconcernforpatientsbymanylittleattentions.D.Astudentishappyabouthisgradesandhisfriendishappytoo.13.Whatdidtheresearchersdofortheirstudy?A.Theycollecteddatafromaroundtheglobe.B.Theytravelledgloballytomeetrelatedexperts.C.Theyinterviewedmillionsofpeopleworldwide.D.Theytookvariousapproachestochoosingsubjects.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthesexdifferencesinempathyfromthestudy?A.Theywillremainwithpeopleaging.B.Theyarerelatedtoculturaldifferences.C.Theyarecommonindevelopedcountries.D.Theycancausementalhealthproblems.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Menshouldmakeuseofempathy.B.Newresearchonmentalhealth.C.Womenarebetterempathizersthanmen.D.Waysofimprovingempathywithothers.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文主要介绍的是一项发表在《美国科学院院刊》上的关于全球范围内女性比男性更擅长认知共情的研究，以及该研究的方法和发现。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sdifferentfromemotionalempathy:apersonfeelsanotherperson’semotionsandrespondswithaproperreactionoremotion.Forinstance,ifsomeoneiscryingaboutabrokenrelationship,apersonwithemotionalempathywouldstarttofeelsadtoo,andtakepityonthatperson.(这与情感共情不同：情感共情是指一个人感受到他人的情绪，并以适当的反应或情绪作出回应。例如，如果有人因为一段破裂的关系而哭泣，具有情感共情能力的人也会开始感到悲伤，并对那个人产生同情。)”可知，情感共情的关键是”感受到他人的情绪并产生相同的情绪反应”。D选项”一个学生为自己的成绩感到高兴，他的朋友也感到高兴”正是情感共情的体现。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theauthorsofthestudymixedtheirresultswithlargeonlinedata,gettingresultsfromnearly306,000peopleacross57countriesincludingArgentina,Croatia,Egypt,India,JapanandNorway.(该研究的作者将他们的结果与大量在线数据相结合，获得了来自57个国家近30.6万人的结果，这些国家包括阿根廷、克罗地亚、埃及、印度、日本和挪威。)”可知，研究人员从全球范围内收集了数据进行研究。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theresultsheldacrosseightlanguagesandwerethesameacrossthelifespan,frompeopleaged16to70.(这些结果在八种语言中均成立，并且在人的一生中都是如此，从16岁到70岁的人都是这样。)”可知，共情方面的性别差异会伴随人们衰老而一直存在。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nomatterwheretheyliveintheworld,ingeneral,womenarebetteratempathizingwithotherpeoplethanmen,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPNAS.(根据发表在《美国科学院院刊》上的一项研究，无论她们生活在世界何处，总体而言，女性比男性更擅长与他人产生共情。)”可知，文章开篇即点明主旨——女性比男性更擅长共情，全文围绕这一研究发现展开，因此C选项最能概括文章主旨。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areadinglog(日志)isprettymuchexactlywhatitsoundslike—aplaceforyoutologyourreading.Inareadinglog,yourecordthebooksyou’vereadandyourthoughts,reactions,andresponsestothem.____16____Hereareafewofthemthatyoushouldconsider.____17____Writingdowntitlesofbooksandnotesofyourthoughtswhilereadingcanhelpyoukeepmoreaboutwhatyou’vereadinmind.Readinglogscanactasasecondbrainandrememberdetailsyoumightforgetlateron.Thereisnodoubtthatreadinglogscanimproveyourreadingcomprehension(理解力).____18____Asaresult,youcanimproveyourcomprehensionofthetextaswellasyourprocessingofitanditsmeaning.Whenyouarekeepingareadinglog,youkeeptrackofyourprogresstowardyourreadinggoals.Lookingthroughwhatyouhaveputdown,you’llhaveclearevidenceoftheachievementyou’remakingtowardthegoalsyouset.Thelogalsomakessureyourecordallofyourreading“wins”soastocelebrateyourprogress.____19____Duringthecourseofstickingtoyourreadinglog,yourwritingskillswillcertainlybeimproved.Ifyou’reregularlyreadingbooksandwritingreportsaboutwhatyouread,you’llbedoinglotsoflittlewritingprojectsandgettingachancetopracticeanddevelopyourwritingskills.____20____You’llnoticeadifferenceinyourwritingandmaybeeveninyourcriticalthinking!A.Readinglogsvaryfrompersontoperson.B.Youradvanceiseasytoseeafterawhile.C.Keepingareadinglogoffersmanybenefits.D.Readinglogscanhelpyouremembermore.E.Butwhatarethebasicstepsofkeepingareadinglog?F.Andthenyouwillfeelencouragedtocontinuereading,G.Whenkeepinglogs,youslowuptodealwithwhatyou’rereading.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.F20.B【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了写阅读日志的多种好处。【16题详析】由下文“Hereareafewofthemthatyoushouldconsider.(以下是一些你应该考虑的它们中的一些)”和介绍的四个好处可知，本空要说写阅读日志有很多好处，C选项“Keepingareadinglogoffersmanybenefits.(写阅读日志有很多好处)”符合题意，该选项中的“manybenefits”与下文的“afewofthem”相呼应。【17题详析】由下文“Writingdowntitlesofbooksandnotesofyourthoughtswhilereadingcanhelpyoukeepmoreaboutwhatyou’vereadinmind.Readinglogscanactasasecondbrainandrememberdetailsyoumightforgetlateron.(阅读时写下书名和想法笔记可以帮助你记住更多读过的内容。阅读日志可以充当第二个大脑，记住你以后可能忘记的细节)”可知，本段主要讲阅读日志帮助记忆的功能，D选项“Readinglogscanhelpyouremembermore.(阅读日志可以帮助你记住更多。)”能引出下文，该选项中的“remembermore”与下文的“keepmoreaboutwhatyou’vereadinmind”和“rememberdetails”相呼应。【18题详析】由上文“Thereisnodoubtthatreadinglogscanimproveyourreadingcomprehension(理解力).(毫无疑问，阅读日志可以提高你的阅读理解力)”以及下文“Asaresult,youcanimproveyourcomprehensionofthetextaswellasyourprocessingofitanditsmeaning.(因此，你可以提高对文本的理解以及对文本及其意义的处理能力)”可知，本空要说阅读日志如何帮助提高理解力，G选项“Whenkeepinglogs,youslowuptodealwithwhatyou’rereading.(写日志时，你会放慢速度来处理你正在阅读的内容。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“slowuptodealwithwhatyou’rereading”解释了为什么能提高理解力，且与下文的“Asaresult”形成因果关系。【19题详析】由上文“Whenyouarekeepingareadinglog,youkeeptrackofyourprogresstowardyourreadinggoals.Lookingthroughwhatyouhaveputdown,you’llhaveclearevidenceoftheachievementyou’remakingtowardthegoalsyouset.Thelogalsomakessureyourecordallofyourreading“wins”soastocelebrateyourprogress.(当你写阅读日志时，你可以追踪阅读目标的进展。回顾你记录的内容，你会清楚看到自己朝着设定目标取得的成就。日志还能确保你记录所有阅读的‘胜利’，以便庆祝你的进步)”可知，本段主要讲追踪进展、看到成就，B选项“Youradvanceiseasytoseeafterawhile.(一段时间后你的进步很容易看到。)”能总结上文，该选项中的“Youradvanceiseasytosee”与上文的“clearevidenceoftheachievement”和“celebrateyourprogress”相呼应。【20题详析】由上文“Duringthecourseofstickingtoyourreadinglog,yourwritingskillswillcertainlybeimproved.Ifyou’reregularlyreadingbooksandwritingreportsaboutwhatyouread,you’llbedoinglotsoflittlewritingprojectsandgettingachancetopracticeanddevelopyourwritingskills.(在坚持写阅读日志的过程中，你的写作技能肯定会提高。如果你定期读书并写阅读报告，你会做很多小型写作项目，有机会练习和发展写作技能)”以及下文“You’llnoticeadifferenceinyourwritingandmaybeeveninyourcriticalthinking!(你会注意到写作甚至批判性思维的变化)”可知，本空要说坚持写日志带来的积极结果，F选项“Andthenyouwillfeelencouragedtocontinuereading.(然后你会受到鼓舞继续阅读。)”能承上启下，该选项中的“Andthen”表示递进关系，承接上文的写作技能提升，引出下文写作和思维的变化，形成持续进步的良性循环。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节；满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AtacafeinscenicAugsburg,PaulBlachut,awaiterisbusyatwork.It’sawarmSundayafternoonandmanypeoplehavecomeherefor____21____besidetheLechRiver.Themeltwater(融化成的水)fromtheAlpsmeansthewaterintheriverisvery____22____atthistimeofyear,andit____23____quickly.AlongtheS-shapedshore,peoplearepicnickingandchildrenareplaying.Amongthoseareamotherandhertwodaughters.They’restandingonthe____24____oftheriverbank,playingwithaninflatable(充气的)tube.Suddenly,thegirls____25____balanceandfallintotheriver.____26____still,thegirlsdesperatelyholdontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin,____27____herintotheriver,too.Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver’scurrent.Blachut____28____fromhisworkwhenhehearssomeoneshouting,“ThreepeoplearedrowningintheLech!”Blachut____29____thethreewomenashortdistanceaway,wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan.Havingtakenlifesavingtrainingcourses,hehurriestotheriverbankandjumpsintotheriver.Despitethecold,whathecaresaboutis____30____butsavinglives.AsBlachut____31____them,hecantellthemotherisinthemosttrouble.Blachutimmediatelydivesunderthedrowningwoman,liftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore.____32____,anonlookeriscloseenoughto____33____thewoman’shand,pullinghertoshore.Without____34____Blachutjumpsintothecurrentagain,savingthedaughtersinthesamewayhedidtheirmother.Themotherexpressesher____35____appreciationforBlachut,andheishappytoseetheyaresafeandsound.21.A.business B.study C.leisure D.research22.A.warm B.pure C.dirty D.cold23.A.covers B.flows C.winds D.dries24.A.edge B.top C.bottom D.entrance25.A.keep B.break C.lose D.find26.A.Better B.Worse C.Further D.Longer27.A.pulling B.exposing C.directing D.following28.A.turnsup B.looksup C.passesout D.bringsout29.A.helps B.greets C.assumes D.notices30.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing31.A.departs B.follows C.figures D.approaches32.A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise33.A.hold B.offer C.loose D.tie34.A.delay B.permission C.exception D.doubt35.A.breathtaking B.heartfelt C.heart-warming D.good-natured【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.D31.D32.C33.A34.A35.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了在德国奥格斯堡的一家咖啡馆工作的服务员PaulBlachut，在温暖的周日下午听到有人溺水呼救后，毫不犹豫地跳入冰冷的Lech河中，成功救起一位母亲和她的两个女儿的故事。【21题详析】考查名词。句意：这是一个温暖的周日下午，许多人来到Lech河边休闲。A.business生意；B.study学习；C.leisure休闲；D.research研究。根据上文“It’sawarmSundayafternoon”可知，温暖的周日下午人们通常外出休闲放松。【22题详析】考查形容词。句意：来自阿尔卑斯山的融水意味着每年这个时候河水非常冰冷，并且水流得很快。A.warm温暖的；B.pure纯净的；C.dirty肮脏的；D.cold寒冷的。根据下文“Despitethecold”可知，河水很冷。【23题详析】考查动词。句意：来自阿尔卑斯山的融水意味着每年这个时候河水非常冰冷，并且水流得很快。A.covers覆盖；B.flows流动；C.winds蜿蜒；D.dries变干。根据上文“ThemeltwaterfromtheAlps”和常识可知，融雪会导致河水流速加快。【24题详析】考查名词。句意：她们站在河岸的边缘，玩着一个充气游泳圈。A.edge边缘；B.top顶部；C.bottom底部；D.entrance入口。根据下文“fallintotheriver”可知，她们站在河边，edgeoftheriverbank表示“河岸边缘”。【25题详析】考查动词。句意：突然，女孩们失去平衡，掉进了河里。A.keep保持；B.break打破；C.lose失去；D.find找到。根据上文“They’restandingonthe________oftheriverbank”以及下文“fallintotheriver”可知，女孩们站在河岸边缘，突然失去平衡掉入水中，固定搭配losebalance意为“失去平衡”。【26题详析】考查副词。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩们拼命抓住游泳圈，而她们的母亲正坐在里面，把她也拉进了河里。A.Better更好；B.Worse更糟；C.Further更远；D.Longer更长。根据下文“herintotheriver,too.Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver’scurrent.”可知，情况变得更糟。【27题详析】考查动词。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩们拼命抓住游泳圈，而她们的母亲正坐在里面，把她也拉进了河里。A.pulling拉；B.exposing暴露；C.directing指导；D.following跟随。根据上文“girlsdesperatelyholdontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin”可知，女孩们抓住母亲坐的游泳圈，把她也拉下了水。【28题详析】考查动词短语。句意：Blachut听到有人喊“Lech河里有三个人溺水了！”时，他从工作中抬起头。A.turnsup调大（音量）；B.looksup抬头看；C.passesout昏迷；D.bringsout拿出。根据上文“PaulBlachut,awaiterisbusyatwork”可知，他正忙于工作，听到喊声后抬头查看。【29题详析】考查动词。句意：Blachut注意到不远处的三个女人正在挥动手臂，试图抓住任何她们能抓住的东西。A.helps帮助；B.greets问候；C.assumes假设；D.notices注意到。根据下文“wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan”可知，他注意到了这一幕。【30题详析】考查代词。句意：尽管很冷，他关心的只有救人。A.something某事；B.everything一切；C.anything任何事；D.nothing没有什么。根据上文“Despitethecold”以及下文“butsavinglives”可知，尽管河水冰冷，但Blachut什么都不在乎，只在乎救人，固定搭配nothingbut意为“只有，仅仅”，表示排除其他一切，唯一关注的是拯救生命。【31题详析】考查动词。句意：当Blachut接近她们时，他能看出母亲情况最危急。A.departs离开；B.follows跟随；C.figures认为；D.approaches接近。根据下文“hecantellthemotherisinthemosttrouble”可知，他靠近后才能判断情况。【32题详析】考查副词。句意：与此同时，一位旁观者足够近，能够抓住那位女士的手，把她拉上岸。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile与此同时；D.Otherwise否则。根据上文“Blachutimmediatelydivesunderthedrowningwoman,liftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore.”以及下文“anonlookeriscloseenoughto________thewoman’shand,pullinghertoshore”可知，Blachut在水下托举母亲推向岸边，与此同时岸上的旁观者抓住她的手拉上岸，两个动作同时发生，meanwhile表示两个场景同步进行。【33题详析】考查动词。句意：与此同时，一位旁观者足够近，能够抓住那位女士的手，把她拉上岸。A.hold握住；B.offer提供；C.loose松开；D.tie系。根据下文“pullinghertoshore”可知，旁观者抓住了女士的手。【34题详析】考查名词。句意：Blachut没有耽搁，再次跳入激流中，用同样的方式救了女儿们。A.delay耽搁；B.permission允许；C.exception例外；D.doubt怀疑。根据上文“anonlookeriscloseenoughto________thewoman’shand,pullinghertoshore”以及下文“Blachutjumpsintothecurrentagain,savingthedaughters”可知，母亲刚被救上岸，Blachut立刻再次入水救女儿们，中间没有任何停顿，withoutdelay意为“毫不耽搁”，体现救人的紧迫性。【35题详析】考查形容词。句意：这位母亲向Blachut表达了由衷的感激，而他很高兴看到她们安然无恙。A.breathtaking令人惊叹的；B.heartfelt衷心的；由衷的；C.heart-warming暖心的；D.good-natured和善的。根据上文“Blachutjumpsintothecurrentagain,savingthedaughtersinthesamewayhedidtheirmother.”以及常识可知，Blachut冒着生命危险两次跳入冰冷的激流中救下母女三人，母亲对此应表达最深切的感激之情，heartfeltappreciation为固定搭配，意为“由衷的感谢”，最能体现被救者对救命恩人的真挚情感。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。TheAnalectsofConfucius(《论语》)recordsthewordsanddeedsoftheancientChinesephilosopherConfucius,____36____(write)somewherebetweentheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriodmorethan2,000yearsago.____37____highlightsthepoliticalandmoralideasofConfuciusandConfucianism.RenisacoreconceptinthebookadoptedbyConfuciuswiththeoriginalmeaningoflovingothers.____38____(represent)ahighmoralstandard,itincludesallvirtues.Confuciusstressesthatself-disciplineis____39____mustforpractisingtherulesofpropriety(礼)andachievingren.Societyhasdevelopedgreatlyandhugechanges____40____(occur)aswellafterthebirthofTheAnalectsofConfucius.Nevertheless,itcontainslotsofideasbeyondthepassageoftime,someof____41____arestillrelevanttoday.Forexample,Confuciusanalysestherelationshipbetweenlearningandthinkingbysayingthatlearningwithoutthinkingleadstoconfusionwhilethinkingwithoutlearningendsindanger.Besides,TheAnalectsofConfuciusalso____42____(vivid)showsthe____43____(image)ofConfucius’students.ZiLuisstraightforward.ZiGongissmart,andYanHuiismildandcapable.Confuciusinsistsontreatingstudents____44____individualstoachievefullpotential,whichisconsistentwithsomeofthemoderneducationalthoughts.TheAnalectsofConfuciusisafineexampleofworldliterature,andthepublicationofitsversionsinvariouslanguageswill____45____(far)enhanceculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheworld.【答案】36.written37.It38.Representing39.a40.haveoccurred41.which42.vividly43.images44.as45.further【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了《论语》的成书背景、核心思想“仁”的内涵、书中体现的教育理念，以及其在当代的价值和世界意义。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：《论语》记录了古代中国哲学家孔子的言行，写于两千多年前的春秋战国时期。句中已有谓语动词records，空格处用非谓语动词，《论语》与write之间为被动关系，用过去分词written作后置定语。【37题详析】考查代词。句意：它强调了孔子和儒家的政治与道德思想。本句缺少主语，空格处用代词It指代前文提到的TheAnalectsofConfucius，句首单词首