湖北宜昌市部分名校2025-2026学年高三下学期4月阶段检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北宜昌市部分名校2025-2026学年高三下学期4月阶段检测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。1.WhywasLisaabsentfromthemeeting?A.Shewasill. B.Shewentforadrive. C.Shevisitedhermother.【答案】C【原文】M:Lisa,whyweren’tyouatthemeetinglastweekend?W:I’mreallysorry.Mymotherwasn’tfeelingverywell,soIdroveuptocheckonherandmakesureshewasokay.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inahotel.【答案】A【原文】M:Ihaven’tseentheservicestaffforages,butIcanhearthemchattinginthekitchen.Thesteakwasn’tjuicytodayeither,andthevegetableswereovercooked.W:Ithinkweneedtotrysomewhereelsenexttime.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’ssuggestion?A.Serious. B.Impractical. C.Simple.【答案】B【原文】M:Ella’sbirthdayiscomingup.Ireallystrugglewiththepressuretogivegifts.W:Ifyouhateshoppingforgiftssomuch,whynotjustgivehermoney?M:Wasthataserioussuggestion?Iwishitwerethatsimple,butit’snot.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adelayedinterview. B.Aterriblerainstorm. C.Aninternationalflight.【答案】A【原文】M:IknowyouwereexpectingtointerviewMr.Catstoday,buthisflightwasdelayed.W:Ohno.Why?M:Therewasaterriblerainstorm.Hehaschangeditandwillbeheretomorrowmorning.5.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Goupstairs. B.Makeaphonecall. C.Turntoareceptionist.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,IhaveadeliveryforMartinAllen.Doyouknowwherehisofficeis?W:Oh,it’supstairs,butIforgetthenumber.Justaskthewomanatthefrontdesk.She’lltellyou.M:Okay,thankyouforyourhelp.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Neighbors. C.Sportsteammates.7.Whatmightthespeakersdotogether?A.Goforawalk. B.Swiminalake. C.Readabook.【答案】6.A7.A【原文】M:Timetogetoffwork.So,anyexcitingplansfortheweekend,Sarah?W:Notreally.Mightwanderaroundthepark,maybereadabookunderthatshadytreethere.It’sanicebreakfromtheoffice.M:Yeah,it’sbeenreallytoughrecently.IthinkI’lltakeawalkaroundthelakeandfeedtheducksthere.Youknow,theusualparkactivities.W:Well,ifyoueverneedawalkingpartner,youknowwheretofindme.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Gotoseeadoctor.B.Handinherpaperlate.C.Gethelpinchoosingasubject.9.Whatwillthewomanoffer?A.Asicknote. B.Adoctor’scertificate. C.Hermedicalrecord.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】M:Howisyouressaygoing?W:I’mabitbehind,I’mafraid.Iwassickalllastweekwiththeflu.I’vegotasubject,butIhaven’tdoneanyworkonityet.IsthereanychanceIcangetanextensiontothesubmissiondate?M:Thepolicyisnottogiveanyextensionsunlesstherearespecialcircumstances.Doyouhaveadoctor’scertificate?W:Iwenttothedoctor’s,butIdidn’tgetanote.Thedoctorshouldhavearecordofme,though.I’llgobackandgetone.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatwasrearrangedabouttheman’sbusinesstour?A.Whattodo. B.Whentogo. C.Wheretogo.11.WhatrelationisJessietotheman?A.Hiscustomer. B.Hiswife. C.Hissecretary.12.WhatisJessiegoingtodonext?A.Dosomeshopping. B.Packthesuitcase. C.Gotothecleaner’s.【答案】10.B11.B12.C【原文】M:Hey,Jessie,IjustheardthatIhavetogoonabusinesstriptoNewYorkthisSunday.W:ThisSunday?YouweresupposedtotakeatraintoNewYorknextweek,weren’tyou?M:Yes,Iwas,buttheschedulehasbeenchanged.AndI’llbehomelatetoday,sinceIhavetopreparethepresentationI’mgoingtomakethere.W:Isee.Whataboutdinner?M:I’llordersomefoodwithmycolleagues,sodon’tworry.W:Okay.SoIguessyou’llpackthingsuponSaturday.Doyouneedmetobuyanythingforyou?M:Idon’tthinkso.Oh,butcanyoutakemynewbusinesssuittobedrycleaned?I’llneedtowearitwhenImeettheclients.W:Sure.I’lldoitrightaway.Seeyoulater.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthefood?A.Thetaste. B.Theprice. C.Theamount.14.Whatistheman’sopinionoftheserviceonboard?A.Slow. B.Efficient. C.Professional.15.Whatpreventedthemanfromsleepingontheplane?A.Thebrokenseat.B.Thepersonnexttohim.C.Theentertainmentfacilities.16.Whatcanthemanget?A.Afreehotelstay.B.Acheapflightticket.C.Discountedaccommodations.【答案】13.C14.A15.A16.C【原文】W:Hello,sir.I’mconductingasurveyaboutyourflightexperience.Wouldyoumindansweringafewquestions?M:Sure.I’dbehappyto.W:Whatdidyouthinkofthefoodduringtheflight,sir?M:Ithoughtthatitwasinexpensiveandquitedelicious.However,Iwasstillveryhungryafterwards,asitwasmoreofasnack.W:Okay.Whatwasyouropinionofthequalityoftheserviceonboard?M:Thestaffwereveryhelpful.However,eachtimeIpressedthebuttontorequestservice,ittookalongtimeforastaffmembertoarrive.W:Okay.Arethereanyotherpartsofyourtravelexperiencethatyouwouldliketocommenton?M:Yes.Ithoughtthattheseatswereinneedofrepair,asIfailedtoadjustmyseatandcouldnotgotosleepforthewholeflight,unlikemyneighbors.Luckily,theentertainmentfacilitieswereverygood,soIwasabletodistractmyselfbywatchingmovies.W:Thankyousomuchforansweringmyquestions.Wewouldliketoofferyou20percentoffthecostofyourhotelstay.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatmakesthetheaterfamousnowadays?A.Thecelebrityartists.B.Thewell-knownmusicals.C.Theancientbuilding.18.WhatcanthevisitorsgetfromtheMarketPlace?A.Drink. B.Food. C.Handiwork.19.WhenwillthevisitorsgototheRegionalFoodCenter?A.Atabout9:40. B.Atabout10:45. C.Atabout11:00.20.WhywillthevisitorsgototheRegionalFoodCenter?A.Tobuycheese.B.Tohavealunchbreak.C.Tolearntomakejuice.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【原文】Hello,everyone.Myname’sDavidEdwards,andI’myourtourguideforyourshoppingtourtoday.Now,we’reparkedjustinfrontofatheater.Althoughthebuildingisverymodern,ithasexistedonthissiteforover200years.Theoriginaltheaterusedtobeverypopularbecauseofthemusicalsputonthere.However,ithadtoberebuiltafterafire.Thesedays,itspopularityismainlyduetothefactthatitattractsalotofwell-knownperformers.Now,we’llbestartingourtourat9:30.First,we’regoingtomakeourwaydowntoMarketplace.Thatshouldtakeusabout15minutes.Marketplacewasthecity’soldfoodmarket.Youwon’tfindanyfoodtherenow,though.Ithinkyou’llfindlotstointerestyou,especiallyifyouwanttotakesomehandmadepresentshome.We’llstopatMarketplaceforanhourandthencontinuethetourwithavisittotheRegionalFoodCenter.Hereyoucanfindover50typesoflocalcheeses.Thereisalsofreshfruitjuicemadeinthevillagesoftheregion.Buttherealreasonforourvisitislunch.Theideaisthatyoubuyfoodanddrinkfromthestandsandeatinthediningarea.Right,ifyou’veallgotyourshoppingbags,let’sgo.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJoinusforthethirdannualBrainFest,adayofbrainyfunforallages.Explorehands-onactivities,learnaboutcutting-edgeneuroscience)神经科学)research,andeventoucharealbrain!10:00-10:45a.m.LiveScienceStageBrainTriviaChallenge:InteractiveTriviaGameLearnfascinatingfactsaboutthemostincredibleorganinyourbodywiththisinteractivetriviagame)知识问答游戏)forallages!11:00a.m.-12:00p.m.PACCARIMAXTheaterGuidedTouroftheBrain:HumanBrainDissectionJoinlocalneuroscientiststoexplorethestructuresofthebrain,featuringarealhumanbraindonatedtotheUniversityofWashingtonforeducationaluse.Recommendedforages10+.2:00-3:00p.m.LaserDomeLaserShow:Pre-showTalkonLasersinNeuroscienceBeforeyourlaser)激光)show,enjoyashorttalkbyaneuroscientistfromtheAllenInstituteexploringhowweuselasertechnologytobetterunderstandthebrain.3:00-4:00p.m.LiveScienceStageFutureBrainTech:TheGreatDebateHowcouldfuturisticbraintechnologieschangeoursociety?JoinUniversityofWashingtonstudentsinamind-expandingtournamenttoexplorethesocialimpactsofemergingbraintechnologies.3:30-4:30p.m.WillardSmithPlanetariumTheUniverseInsideYourHead:AJourneythroughtheBrainWhathappensinyourbrainwhenyouseeastar?Learnhowyoureyesandbraininterpretvisualinformationwhileenjoyingstunningimageryofrealneurons.Alimitedquantityoffreeticketsareavailableonsite.Firstcome,firstserved.GuestsmayalsopurchaseaGeneralAdmissionticketonlineinadvance.Whetheryou’renewtothisfieldorsimplyfascinatedbyhowthemindworks,BrainFest2026promisesafulldayofdiscovery,inspiration,andwonder.21.Wherecanparticipantsobserveagenuinebrainfirsthand?A.LiveScienceStage. B.PACCARIMAXTheater.C.LaserDome. D.WillardSmithPlanetarium.22.Whatcanparticipantsdoat3:10p.m.?A.Engageinastimulatingevent. B.Appreciateagrandlasershow.C.VisitUniversityofWashington. D.Listentoabraintechnologyspeech.23.WhoisBrainFestintendedfor?A.Scienceexperts. B.Lasershowgoers.C.Neuroscienceenthusiasts. D.Science-fictionfans.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了BrainFest这一活动的相关信息，包括活动内容、时间安排以及适合人群等。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“11:00a.m.-12:00p.m.”部分“PACCARIMAXTheaterGuidedTouroftheBrain:HumanBrainDissection(PACCARIMAX剧院脑部导览：人体大脑解剖)”以及“Joinlocalneuroscientiststoexplorethestructuresofthebrain,featuringarealhumanbraindonatedtotheUniversityofWashingtonforeducationaluse.(加入当地的神经科学家，一起探索大脑的结构，其中有一个捐赠给华盛顿大学用于教育用途的真实人脑。)”可知，参与者可以在PACCARIMAX剧院亲自观察一个真实的大脑。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“3:00-4:00p.m.”部分“LiveScienceStageFutureBrainTech:TheGreatDebate(现场科学舞台未来脑科技：大辩论)”以及“Howcouldfuturisticbraintechnologieschangeoursociety?JoinUniversityofWashingtonstudentsinamind-expandingtournamenttoexplorethesocialimpactsofemergingbraintechnologies.(未来的脑科技将如何改变我们的社会？加入华盛顿大学的学生，参加一场拓展思维的比赛，探索新兴脑科技的社会影响。)”可知，下午3点10分，参与者可以参加一个刺激的活动，即未来脑科技大辩论。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“JoinusforthethirdannualBrainFest,adayofbrainyfunforallages.Explorehands-onactivities,learnaboutcutting-edgeneuroscience(神经科学)research,andeventoucharealbrain!(加入我们第三届年度BrainFest，这是一个适合所有年龄段的充满智慧乐趣的一天。探索实践活动，了解前沿的神经科学研究，甚至触摸真实的大脑！)”以及最后一段“Whetheryou’renewtothisfieldorsimplyfascinatedbyhowthemindworks,BrainFest2026promisesafulldayofdiscovery,inspiration,andwonder.(无论你是这个领域的新手，还是只是对大脑的工作原理着迷，BrainFest2026都承诺会带来一整天的发现、灵感和惊奇。)”可推测，BrainFest是为神经科学爱好者举办的。故选C项。BInkindergarten,myteacherhandedmechild-safescissors.AsIsqueezedmyfingersintothehandles,thepaperturnedintoamess.Shesighed,“Tryharder.”Whatshedidn’tknowwasthatIhadjustbegunmylifelongfightagainstaworldbuiltfortherighthand.Thatfightfollowsmeeverywhere.Lectureseatswithdesksontherighttwistmybodylikeaknotandleavehandwritingthatlookslikeadoctor’snotes.Scissors,zippers,notebooksandevendoorhandlesseemtoworkagainstus.WhenItookupguitarincollege,myinstructorlookedatmeasifIhaddonesomethingstrange.Apparently,left-handedguitarsare“specialorder”—codefortwicetheprice,halfthesympathy.You’dthinkafewlegendswouldchangethings.PaulMcCartneyflippedhisbassandchangedmusicforever.RafaelNadaltrainedhislefthandtobecomeatennischampion.EvenIsaacNewtonwasleft-handed.Butno.Despiteallthesefamouslefties,theworldstilltreatsuslikesomekindofoddity.Mygrandmother,forinstance,oncetiedmylefthandbehindmyback.“Useyourright,”sheordered.Itried—andspilledawholebowlofsouponthefloor.Shegaveup,muttering,“Maybeshe’sspecial.”Ithinkshemeant“hopeless.”Science,ofcourse,hasmyback.Researcherssayleftiesaremorecreativeandbetteratproblem-solving.It’snosurprisewe’recommonamongartists,musicians,andathletes.Whenyou’vespentyourlifewrestlingwithscissorsanddoorknobsthatdon’tfit,ablankpageoratennisracketfeelslikechild’splay.Evenso,thedailycomedycontinues.Atrestaurants,I’vedevelopedasixthsensefortablepositioning—alwaystotheleftofright-handers.Peoplestillstaresometimes,butI’vecometoenjoyit.Beingleft-handedisn’tjustaboutusingadifferenthand—it’saboutthinkingdifferently,adaptingconstantly,andlaughingthroughthechaos.Afterall,inaright-handedworld,beingleftisn’twrong—it’sjustbrilliantlyinconvenient.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sguitarinstructor?A.Hethoughtherplayingodd. B.Heplacedaspecialguitarorder.C.Hesuggestedchangingherhabit. D.Hefeltsympathyforleft-handers.25.Whydoestheauthormentionseveralcelebrities?A.Tocelebrateinfluentialfigures. B.Toshowfamefailstoendbias.C.Toinspiredisadvantagedgroups. D.Toproveabilityearnsrecognition.26.Whatstrengthdoleft-handerspossessaccordingtoresearchers?A.Naturaltalentforchildren’sgames. B.Smoothadaptationtosurroundings.C.Goodcommandofregularly-usedtools. D.Exceptionalcompetenceinsolvingproblems.27.Whatistheauthor’spresentattitudetowardsbeingleft-handed?A.Proudandcasual. B.Relievedandoptimistic.C.Confusedandhesitant. D.Resignedandunconcerned.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述身为左撇子在生活、学习中遭遇诸多不便与偏见，科研表明左撇子更具创造力，作者最终乐观接纳自身不同。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenItookupguitarincollege,myinstructorlookedatmeasifIhaddonesomethingstrange.(在大学里我开始学习吉他时，我的老师看着我，仿佛我在做一件很奇怪的事情)”可知，作者的吉他老师觉得她的演奏很奇怪。故选A。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“You’dthinkafewlegendswouldchangethings.PaulMcCartneyflippedhisbassandchangedmusicforever.RafaelNadaltrainedhislefthandtobecomeatennischampion.EvenIsaacNewtonwasleft-handed.Butno.Despiteallthesefamouslefties,theworldstilltreatsuslikesomekindofoddity.(你可能会认为一些传奇人物的出现能够改变一切。保罗·麦卡特尼把贝司翻转过来演奏，从而彻底改变了音乐的走向。拉斐尔·纳达尔通过训练左手成为了网球冠军。就连艾萨克·牛顿也是左撇子。但事实并非如此。尽管有这么多著名的左撇子，这个世界却仍然把我们当作某种怪异的存在来对待)”可知，作者提及几位名人是为了表明名声无法消除偏见。故选B。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Science,ofcourse,hasmyback.Researcherssayleftiesaremorecreativeandbetteratproblem-solving.(当然，科学是站在我们这边的。研究人员表示，左撇子更具创造力，也更擅长解决问题)”可知，研究人员称左撇子具有解决问题的非凡能力。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Beingleft-handedisn’tjustaboutusingadifferenthand—it’saboutthinkingdifferently,adaptingconstantly,andlaughingthroughthechaos.Afterall,inaright-handedworld,beingleftisn’twrong—it’sjustbrilliantlyinconvenient.(左撇子并非仅仅意味着使用不同的手——它还意味着思维方式的差异、不断适应变化以及在混乱中保持乐观。毕竟，在一个以右手为主的世界里，左撇子并非错误——只是极其不便罢了)”可知，作者对于自己是左撇子这一事实如释重负且乐观。故选B。C“Haveyouraisedalobster(龙虾)yet?”ThisquestionhasbeenheardfrequentlyacrossChinarecently.“Lobster”isthenicknameforOpenClaw,amulti-purposeAIagentwhoselogoresemblesalobster.Unliketraditionalchatbotsthatonlyprovideanswers,OpenClawcanopenapplications,searchforinformation,compareprices,generatedocumentsandcompletemulti-steptaskswithminimalsupervision.Thousandshavelineduptotryit,andtechgiantsarerushingtooffersetupservices.However,thesepowerfuldigitalassistantsareturningontheirowners,raisingurgentconcernsaboutAIsafety.Thecoreproblemof“OpenClaw”liesinadangerouscapabilitymismatch.AccordingtoresearchersfromHarvardandStanford,today’sAIagentspossessLevel4autonomy,meaningtheycanindependentlycompletecomplex,multi-steptasks.YettheirsecurityjudgmentremainsatbasicLevel2,roughlyequaltoayoungkid’sunderstandingofconsequences.Securityexpertscallthisthe“judgment-actiongap,”whichresultsinthe“fataltrifecta(三连击)”:agentshavesystemaccess,processuntrustedinputs,andstealorleakdata—allwithoutproperboundaries.Toinvestigatetheserisks,researchersconductedcontrolledexperimentswithsixOpenClawinstances,eachgivenemailaccessandmaximumsystempermissions.Theresultswerealarming.Inoneexperiment,anagentaskedtodeleteasingleemailinsteadresettheentireaccount.Inanother,asimpledisplaynamechangetrickedanagentintodeletingitsowncorefiles.Perhapsthemostdisturbingwasa“constitutionattack,”wherehiddeninstructionssecretlyplacedintoabehaviorguidecausedtheagenttodisableothersystemswithoutquestion.Thesearenothypothetical—real-worldincidentshavealreadyoccurred.Theimplicationsareobviousandpressing.Ascybersecurityexpertswarn,OpenClaw’s“blurredtrustboundaries”andautonomoussystemaccesscreateunacceptablerisksforaverageusers.Thetechnologyitselfisneithergoodnorbad—itcanreducestressandsparkcreativitywhenusedproperly.Andexpertsrecommendstrictsafetymeasures:limitpermissions,runagentsinseparateenvironments,requirehumanconfirmationfordestructiveactions,andmaintaininaccessiblebackups.Ultimately,withbalancedusageandfundamentalsafetyredesign,the“lobster-raising”trendcanbecomeasafeandmeaningfulpartofmodernlife.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“turningon”mostprobablymean?A.Keepingoff. B.Goingagainst. C.Appealingto. D.Caringfor.29.AccordingtoParagraph2,thereisamismatchbetween________.A.highrequirementandlowcapability B.massivedataandlimitedstoragespaceC.strongautonomyandlowsafetyassessment D.fullsystemfunctionandpoorhumansupervision30.WhatwasthemostworryingfindingaboutOpenClaw?A.Deletingitsowncorefilesonpurpose.B.Resettingthewholeaccountbymistake.C.Hidingitsownbehaviorinstructionssecretly.D.Shuttingdownothersystemsunquestioningly.31.Whichofthefollowingisrecommendedasasafetymeasure?A.StoringbackupsbeyondAI’sreach.B.Runningagentsinshareddigitalspaces.C.PreventingAIfromdangerousoperations.D.GrantingAIagentsunrestrictedsystemaccess.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多用途人工智能代理OpenClaw(“龙虾”)的强大功能，以及其存在的安全隐患，并提出了相应的安全措施建议。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“However,thesepowerfuldigitalassistantsareturningontheirowners,raisingurgentconcernsaboutAIsafety.(然而，这些强大的数字助手正在“turningon”它们的主人，引发了人们对人工智能安全的迫切担忧。)”以及后文描述的AI可能带来的安全风险，如自主系统访问、处理不可信输入、窃取或泄露数据等，可推测出“turningon”在此处意为“对……不利”或“与……对抗”，即“goingagainst”。A.Keepingoff远离；B.Goingagainst反对，对抗；C.Appealingto吸引；D.Caringfor关心。故选B项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtoresearchersfromHarvardandStanford,today’sAIagentspossessLevel4autonomy,meaningtheycanindependentlycompletecomplex,multi-steptasks.YettheirsecurityjudgmentremainsatbasicLevel2,roughlyequaltoayoungkid’sunderstandingofconsequences.(根据哈佛大学和斯坦福大学的研究人员的说法，如今的人工智能代理拥有4级自主性，这意味着它们可以独立完成复杂的多步骤任务。然而，它们的安全判断仍处于基本的2级水平，大致相当于一个小孩对后果的理解。)”可知，存在强自主性和低安全评估之间的不匹配。故选C项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Perhapsthemostdisturbingwasa“constitutionattack,”wherehiddeninstructionssecretlyplacedintoabehaviorguidecausedtheagenttodisableothersystemswithoutquestion.(也许最令人不安的是“宪法攻击”，即隐藏在行为指南中的指令会毫无疑问地使代理禁用其他系统。)”可知，最令人担忧的是OpenClaw会毫无疑问地关闭其他系统。故选D项。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Andexpertsrecommendstrictsafetymeasures:limitpermissions,runagentsinseparateenvironments,requirehumanconfirmationfordestructiveactions,andmaintaininaccessiblebackups.(专家建议采取严格的安全措施：限制权限，在独立环境中运行代理，要求对破坏性行为进行人工确认，并保留对AI不可访问的备份。)”可知，专家建议将备份存储在人工智能无法访问的地方。故选A项。DPsychologistshavelongbelievedwillpoweristhetickettoagoodlife.Soparentingexpertsadvocateteachingchildrentousewillpowertoresistmoderntemptations(诱惑).Itisthoughtthatyoucanbuildachild’swillpowerthewayathletesbuildupmuscles,throughpractice.Forexample,exposingchildrentojunkfoodmore,theyclaim,helpsthemlearntoresistit.However,thisassumptionhasafatalflaw:itdoesn’tworkforverylong.Infact,tryingtobuildupkids’willpowercanhavetheoppositeeffect.Humansarebiologicallyprogrammedtopreferfattyandsweetfoods,soregularlyofferingthesetemptationsonlystrengthenschildren’sdesireforthem.Ratherthanteachingself-control,thisapproachactuallymakesresistingsuchfoodsmoredifficult.Newstudiesobservewhatpeopledoinreallifetomeettheirlong-termgoals,andtheyrevealsomethingsurprising:themoresuccessfulpeopledon’thavebetterwillpowercomparedtothosewhoarelesssuccessful.Instead,successfulpeopleexposethemselvestofewertemptationssotheydon’tneedtousewillpowerfrequently.Inessence,parentsdon’tneedtoteachkidshowtosay“no”tothemarshmallow(棉花糖)sittinginfrontofthem,butrather,howtoavoidbeinginaroomwithmarshmallowsaltogether.Thisprincipleappliesbeyondfood.Forexample,parentscanteachkidstoleavetheirphoneinanotherroomwhenstudyingortouseappsthatblockdistractingwebsitesandgames.Avoidingtemptationisonlyhalfthestrategy.Thegreatthingisthatparentscanhelpkidsfallinlovewithhealthieralternatives.Toshapetheirpreferences,giveyourkidsloadsofopportunitiestoexperiencethepleasureofthesehealthyoptions.Besides,payattentiontohowyoutalkabouthealthyfoodsandactivities.Don’tpresentthemasburdens,sacrifices,orpunishments.Aboveall,whetherit’seatinghealthierfood,doingphysicalexercise,orreadinggoodbooks,ifyoumaketheexperiencemorefunforyourkids,thentheyaremorelikelytodoitagain.32.Whatisacommonpracticetobuildupwillpower?A.Stayingawayfromjunkfood. B.Engaginginmoreathleticactivities.C.Puttingoneselfintemptingsituations. D.Exposingoneselftotheirinnerdesire.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudies?A.Willpowerensureslifelongsuccess. B.Willpowerdropswithfrequentuse.C.Successrequireslong-termplanning. D.Successfulpeopleavoidtemptations.34.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetoparentsinthelastparagraph?A.Punishforgivingintodesires. B.Reinforcewillpowerstrategies.C.Makehealthyexperiencesenjoyable. D.Offermorehealthyoptionsasrewards.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BuildWillpower,FormGoodHabits B.ResistTemptation,PracticeSelf-ControlC.ChangeParenting,StrengthenWillpower D.AvoidTemptation,LoveHealthierChoices【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章指出靠接触诱惑锻炼孩子意志力效果短暂且有害，新研究主张主动避开诱惑，同时建议家长引导孩子感受健康事物的乐趣。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Forexample,exposingchildrentojunkfoodmore,theyclaim,helpsthemlearntoresistit.(例如，他们声称，让孩子更多地接触垃圾食品，有助于培养他们抵制这种食物的能力)”可知，增强意志力的常见方法是置身于诱惑情境之中。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead,successfulpeopleexposethemselvestofewertemptationssotheydon’tneedtousewillpowerfrequently.

(相反，成功人士会让自己少接触诱惑，这样他们就不必频繁动用意志力)”可知，成功人士避免诱惑。故选D。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Aboveall,whetherit’seatinghealthierfood,doingphysicalexercise,orreadinggoodbooks,ifyoumaketheexperiencemorefunforyourkids,thentheyaremorelikelytodoitagain.(最重要的是，无论是让孩子吃更健康的食品、进行体育锻炼，还是阅读好书，只要能让这一过程变得更有趣，那么孩子就更有可能再次参与其中)”可知，作者建议家长们让健康的经历变得有趣。故选C。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Psychologistshavelongbelievedwillpoweristhetickettoagoodlife.Soparentingexpertsadvocateteachingchildrentousewillpowertoresistmoderntemptations(诱惑).Itisthoughtthatyoucanbuildachild’swillpowerthewayathletesbuildupmuscles,throughpractice.Forexample,exposingchildrentojunkfoodmore,theyclaim,helpsthemlearntoresistit.However,thisassumptionhasafatalflaw:itdoesn’tworkforverylong.(长期以来，心理学家认为意志力是美好生活的关键。因此育儿专家提倡教导孩子用意志力抵制现代诱惑。人们认为，可以像运动员锻炼肌肉那样，通过练习培养孩子的意志力。例如，专家称，多让孩子接触垃圾食品，能帮助他们学会克制欲望。然而，这种观点存在致命缺陷：效果难以长久维持)”结合文章指出靠接触诱惑锻炼孩子意志力效果短暂且有害，新研究主张主动避开诱惑，同时建议家长引导孩子感受健康事物的乐趣可知，D选项“避免诱惑，爱上更健康的选择”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Elevatorscantrickyoursenseofgravity.Youractualweightdoesn’tchange,yetthenumberonthescaletellsadifferentstory.Whentheelevatorstartsgoingup,thenumberjumps.Whenitstops,thenumberfalls.Goingdowndoestheopposite.____36____Theanswerliesinhowphysicistsdefine“weight.”Yourmassremainsconstant.GravitynearEarth’ssurfacestaysessentiallyunchanged.____37____Thatupwardpush—calledthenormalforce—iswhatascaleactuallymeasures.Thisdistinctionrevealssomethingsurprising:youcannotfeelgravity.Astronautsaboardthespacestationprovethis.Earth’sgravityupthereisstillabout90%asstrongasatthesurface.____38____Thisisbecausetheyarefallingtogetherwiththestationatthesamerate,sothefloorneverpushesuponthem.Withoutthatsupportingforce,theyexperiencethesensationofweightlessness.Anelevatorbrieflychangeshowhardthefloorpushesback.Whenitstartsrising,itmustaccelerate(加速)youupward.Thefloorpushesharderthannormal.____39____Thatextrapushmightaddabout10%tothescalereading.Oncetheelevatorreachesasteadyspeed,accelerationstopsandthereadingreturnstonormal.Whenitslowsatthetop,theoppositehappens—thefloorpushesless,soyoufeellighter.Thesamepatternplaysoutonthewaydown.____40____ItconnectstooneofEinstein’smostimportantideas.Herealizedthatgravityandaccelerationarefundamentallylinked—aninsightthathelpedhimdevelopgeneralrelativity.A.Buttheyfeelweightless.B.Forasecond,youfeelheavier.C.Still,isthiseffectpermanent,orjustafeeling?D.Thiseverydayexperienceturnsouttobeprofound.E.Whatchangesishowhardthefloorpushesupward.F.Thatisbecausethescalereadingjumpswhenyougoup.G.Sowhydoyoufeelheavierorlighteratcertainmoments?【答案】36.G37.E38.A39.B40.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。电梯升降会改变体重秤读数，使人体感轻重变化，根源是地板支持力的改变，失重也源于此，这一日常现象还关联着重要物理理论。【36题详析】根据上文“Elevatorscantrickyoursenseofgravity.Youractualweightdoesn’tchange,yetthenumberonthescaletellsadifferentstory.Whentheelevatorstartsgoingup,thenumberjumps.Whenitstops,thenumberfalls.Goingdowndoestheopposite.(电梯会扰乱你的重力感知。你的实际体重并未改变，但秤上的数字却会呈现出不同的情况。电梯上升时，数字会上升；电梯停止时，数字会下降。电梯下降时则正好相反)”可知，前文讲述电梯升降时体重秤数值会发生变化，上升数值变大、下降数值变小；结合第二段开头“Theanswerliesin...(答案在于……)”可知空格处提出对应问题。故G选项“那么为什么你会在某些时刻感觉更重或更轻呢？”承上启下，衔接现象与答案。故选G。【37题详析】根据上文“Theanswerliesinhowphysicistsdefine“weight.”Yourmassremainsconstant.GravitynearEarth’ssurfacestaysessentiallyunchanged.(答案在于物理学家是如何定义“重量”的的。你的质量是恒定不变的。在地球表面附近的重力基本上也是不变的)”以及后文“Thatu