湖北省武汉市新洲区某中学2026届高三英语试卷（一模）（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武汉市新洲区某中学2026届高三英语试卷（一模）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebaggageclaim. B.Atthecheck-incounter. C.Attheboardinggate.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme,Sir,Icheckedthebaggagebelt.Butmybagwasn’tthere.W:Don’tworry,justshowmeyourbagticketandboardingpassplease.M:Hereyouare,thankyou.2.Whydoesthemanneedtoprovidehisphonenumber?A.Tocreateanaccount. B.Topaythebill. C.Toreceiveconfirmation.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,howcanIplaceanorder?W:YoucanscantheQRcodeonthetableandfillinyourphonenumber.Wewillsendyouyourorderconfirmationmessage.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesmartwatch?A.It’sexpensive. B.It’shandy. C.It’scomplicated.【答案】B【原文】W:Lookatmynewsmartwatch.Ittracksmysleep,heartrateandevenstresslevels.M:Wow,ithassomanyfunctions.Itmustbereallyexpensive.W:Actually,it’squiteaffordableandisveryeasytouse.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Areturnpolicy. B.Arepairservice. C.Adelayeddelivery.【答案】A【原文】M:Hello,I’dliketomakeareturn.ThisTshirtdoesn’tfitbutIwastoldIhavetopayforshipping.W:Myapologysir.Accordingtoourreturnpolicy,returnshippingisfreeonlyonselecteditems.Forothers,thecustomercoversthecost.M:That’sfrustrating.Theshippingfeeisalmostasmuchastheshirtitself.5.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Updatingthesystem. B.Restartingthecomputer. C.CheckingBluetoothsettings.【答案】C【原文】W:I’mhavingtroubleconnectingmyheadphonestomylaptop.I’vetriedeverything.M:HaveyoucheckedyourBluetoothsettings?SometimesasystemupdatemaymesswiththeBluetoothconnection.W:Yeah,Bluetoothisdefinitelyon,buttheheadphonesjustkeepsaying:searching.M:Allright,trygoingintoyoursettingsandremovinganyunuseddevices.Thatusuallyhelps.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Togreetafriend. B.Tocancelatraining. C.Toaskforafavor.7.Whatdoesthemanoriginallyplantodotomorrow?A.Dothecleaning. B.Walkthedog. C.Seethedoctor.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】M:Hello?W:Hey,David.It’sEmma.I’msorrytobotheryou,butsomething’scomeup.M:Oh,noproblem.What’sgoingon?W:MydogtrainerjustcanceledthetrainingandI’vegotanearlymorningmeetingtomorrow,plusadoctor’sappointment.Wouldyoumindwalkingmaxforme?M:Notatall.I’mstayinghometocleananyway.Whattime?W:Is8:00a.m.,Okay?Everything’sreadybythedoor.You’realifesaver.M:Happytohelp.Seeyouthen.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatdoesBensayabouthisson?A.Hehasfewfriends. B.Hestruggleswithstudies. C.Helackslifeskillpractice.9.Howarethestudentsassessedinlaborcourses?A.Bysubmittingreports. B.Byearningcredits. C.Bytakingexams.【答案】8.C9.B【原文】W:HiBen,how’syoursondoingthesedays?M:Well,he’sdoinggreatinhisschoolwork,buthecanhardlyhandlebasichousework,liketidyinghisroomorfixingsomething.He’sgotalmostnopracticalhandsonlifeexperience.Thatreallyworriesme.W:Youarenotalone.Otherparentsfacethesameproblem,soschoolshavelaunchednewlaborcoursesrecently,requiringkidstodohouseworkandcommunityservicetoearnlaborcredits,evencountingthemintotheirtermgrades.M:I’mcompletelyinfavorofthesepolicies.W:Yeah,ateachertoldmethesecourseshavebroughtreallypositivechangestomanykids.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whoisthemangoingtovisit?A.Hisneighbor. B.Hisfriend. C.Hiscolleague.11.Whydidthewomanmovetothecity?A.Forjobhunting. B.Forsightseeing. C.Forschooling.12.WhatwillthespeakersprobablydothisSaturday?A.Unpacktheboxes. B.Dotheshopping. C.Cookfoodtogether.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【原文】M:Waitasecond,Sarah.Isthatreallyyou?W:Tom?Ohmygosh,Ican’tbelieveit’syou!Whatbringsyoutothisneighborhood?M:Icameheretovisitafriend.Iliveinanothercommunity.Whataboutyou?W:Iactuallycameheretolookforajob.Therearemoreopportunitiesinthiscity.Ijustmovedherelastweek.M:Goodlucktoyou!Haveyousettledintoyournewplaceyet?W:Notevenclose.I’mstilllivingbesidestonsofboxes.It’stotallyamessathome.M:Ugh,movingistheworst.Ifyou’refreeonSaturday,let’sgogroceryshopping.There’sagreatfarmersmarketnearby.W:I’dlovethat.It’sbeenwaytoolongandIdesperatelyneedtostoresomefreshfood.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatistheprojectabout?A.Sellingpottedflowers. B.Writingresearchpapers. C.Teachingplantcare.14.Whatwillthewinningclassreceive?A.Giftcards. B.Agardenparty. C.Gametime.15.Whatwillthewomandotohelp?A.Waterdaily. B.Checkthesoil. C.Talktoplants.16.Whatshouldthewomanbringtotheactivity?A.Awateringcan. B.Labequipment. C.Alogbook.【答案】13.C14.B15.B16.C【原文】W:Hey,Tom.You’vebeenbusylately.Whatkeepsyousooccupied?M:I’minthegreenlivingclub.We’restartingaplantadoptionprojecttoteachstudentstotakecareofplants.W:Plantadoption？Howdoesitwork?M:Eachclassgetsthreesmallpottedplants.Studentstaketurnswateringandeventalkingtothem.W:Talkingtoplants?Seriously?M:Iknowitsoundscrazy,butstudiesshowithelpsthemgrow.Thegoalistoteachresponsibilityandbrightenuptheclassroom.W:That’snice.Haveallclassesjoined?M:Notyet,sowe’rehavingacompetition.Theclasswiththehealthiestplantsafteronemonthwinsagardenparty.W:Countmein!WhatcanIdotohelp?M:YoucanhelpmecheckthesoileveryFridayandteachkidshowtowaterproperly.Ireallyneedanextrahand.W:Noproblem.Whenandwhere?M:EveryFridayat12:15duringlunchbreakinthesciencelab.W:Gotit.DoIneedtobringsomething？M:Justbringalogbookforobservations.I’llprintoutthescheduleforyou.W:Perfect.SeeyouonFriday!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhowillsignupforCommunityFitnessChallenge?A.Professionalathletes. B.Localresidents. C.Visitingtourists.18.Whichactivityismeantforbeginners?A.Morningyogasession. B.Weekendcyclingtour. C.Eveningrunningclub.19.Whatisamustfortheweekendcyclists?A.Personalequipment. B.Amembershipcard. C.Previousexperience.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Preparebottles. B.Showavideo. C.Writeanewsletter.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.B【原文】Goodeveningeveryone.Thankyouforcomingtotonight’sinformationsessionabouttheRiversideCommunityFitnessChallenge.Thissix-weekprogramisdesignedforresidentsfromkidstoseniors.Eachweekweofferavarietyofactivitiestokeepyoumoving.Forbeginners,wehavelowimpactmorningyogasessionsintheparkeveryTuesdayandThursday.Perfectifyou’rejuststartingout.Forthoselookingforsomethingmorechallenging,ourweekendcyclingtoursarearrangedtoexplorethecountrysidetrails.Wealsohaveeveningrunningclubsfordifferentskilllevels.Ifyou’reinterestedintheweekendcycling,pleasenotethatyou’llneedtobringpropershoes,ahelmet,sunscreenandasmallbackpack.Allparticipantswillreceiveafreewaterbottleandaweeklynewsletterwithfitnesstips.NowI’llplayashortvideohighlightinglastyear’schallengesoyoucanseewhatit’sallabout.Afterthat,Iwillbehappytotakeyourquestionsandwelcometosignupforourmembership.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMangroves(红树林)arecriticalecosystemsthatbridgeland,freshwater,andsea.Hometovariousspecies,theyprotectandsupportcountlesscoastalcommunitiesworldwide.Yettheycontinuetofacethreatsfrombothhumanactivitiesandnaturalprocesses.Thereport,TheStateoftheWorld’sMangroves2024,examinesglobalchangesinmangroveecosystemsoverthepasttwodecades.Agriculturalactivities,includingaquaculture(水产养殖),oilpalmplantationsandricecultivation,accountedforthelargestshareofglobalmangrovelossbetween2000and2020.Thereportalsohighlightstheimpactof“naturalretraction,”atermusedtodescribemangrovelossdrivenbychangesinriverbedsorsealevels.TheglobaldriversofmangrovelossNonetheless,changesinthedriversofmangrovelosshaveledtoencouragingresults.Therateofnetmangrovelossdecreasedby44%,fallingfrom181.5km2peryearin2000—2010to102.4km2peryearin2010—2020.Mangrovegainsarealsorecordedinseveralregions,whererestorationeffortsaccountedfor25%—33%ofmangroveexpansioninSouthandSoutheastAsiaandAfrica.Protectingmangrovesrequiresactionateverylevel.Governmentscanexpandprotectedareasandimprovemonitoringsystems,whileconservationprojectteamsrestoredamagedwetlands.Scientistsdevelopreal-timemonitoringtoolstodetectmangroveloss.Thereportalsostressestheimportanceofcooperationwithlocalcommunities.Insomeprojects,communitymemberscontributeknowledgebydescribingthehistoricaldistributionofmangroves,causesofloss,andseasonalcoastalchangestheyhaveobserved.TheyalsoprovidedatathroughcitizenscienceplatformslikeiNaturalist,helpingresearchersplanmoreeffectiverestorationprojects.21.Whatwasthetotalpercentageofmangrovelosscausedbyagriculturalactivitiesin2010-2020?A.38%. B.47%. C.49%. D.62%.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutmangrovelossbetweenthetwodecades?A.Itworsenedclimatechange. B.Itdamagedlocaleconomy.C.Itexpandedonaglobalscale. D.Itshowedadownwardtrend.23.Whatcanlocalcommunitymembersdotosupportmangroverestoration?A.Makerestorationplans. B.Shareecologicalinformation.C.Establishprotectedareas. D.Updatemonitoringequipment.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【语篇解读】文章围绕红树林生态系统展开，介绍了2000-2020年红树林减少的驱动因素变化、减少速率的改善趋势，并阐述了政府、科研团队及当地社区在红树林保护与修复中的作用。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Agriculturalactivities,includingaquaculture(水产养殖),oilpalmplantationsandricecultivation,accountedforthelargestshareofglobalmangrovelossbetween2000and2020.(在2000年至2020年期间，包括水产养殖、油棕种植园和水稻种植在内的农业活动是造成全球红树林损失的主要原因。)”以及饼状图2010-2020年的数据，农业活动相关的红树林减少驱动因素包括：水产养殖（Aquaculture）21%、油棕种植（Oilpalm）14%、水稻种植（Rice）3%。将三者相加：21%+14%+3%=38%。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Therateofnetmangrovelossdecreasedby44%,fallingfrom181.5km²peryearin2000—2010to102.4km²peryearin2010—2020.(红树林净减少率下降了44%，从2000-2010年的每年181.5平方公里降至2010-2020年的每年102.4平方公里。)”可知，红树林减少速率呈现明显下降趋势。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Insomeprojects,communitymemberscontributeknowledgebydescribingthehistoricaldistributionofmangroves,causesofloss,andseasonalcoastalchangestheyhaveobserved.TheyalsoprovidedatathroughcitizenscienceplatformslikeiNaturalist,helpingresearchersplanmoreeffectiverestorationprojects.(在一些项目中，社区成员通过描述红树林的历史分布、减少原因和他们观察到的季节性海岸变化来贡献知识，还通过公民科学平台如iNaturalist提供数据，帮助研究人员制定更有效的修复计划。)”可知，当地社区成员可通过分享生态相关信息与数据来支持红树林修复工作。BAtdinnertime,ifI’manywherenearmyfavouriterestaurant,there’snotachanceyoucantalkmeintogoingsomewhereelse—IwanttoeatatChinaFun.Actually,Ihavebeeneatingatthisrestaurantfor17years.Don’tgetmewrong,tryingnewthingsisgreat,andIloveexploring.Butthepressuretoalwayskeeptryingnewthingsignoresthesatisfactionoffindingourlovesandkeepingonlovingthem.That’swhyIdislikepop-uprestaurants.I’dmuchratherinvestmytimeandmoneyinaplacethatwillstillbeherenextmonth,workingmywaythroughthemenutofindmyfavouritedishes,andfiguringoutwhichisthebesttable.Inachaoticworld,beingaregularmakesmefeelthattherearealwaysplaceswherethingsstaythesame.Inmymentalmapofthecity,Imarkallmyfavourites—cutebookshops,hiddengardens,andthehotdogstandthat’sopenonlyatweekends.Tobearegularistoletaplacebecomeacharacterinyourlife.Theactofreturningbuildsconnection,andasenseofbeingathomeasyousettleinandshareanodwiththewaiterbeforeheasksifyou’llbehavingtheusual.Somethingsjustgetbetterthemoreyoudothem.Whilerelaxingweekendsofferthepromiseoffindingcountrypathsforawander,Iwouldpreferrevisitingabelovedwalkingrouteastheseasonsturn,noticingthesubtle(微妙的)changesinthesameplace.I’vewalkedalongtheThamesahundredtimes,butthebankslookdifferenteachtimeasthetidesmovetorevealorconceal(隐藏).Itfeelslikespendingtimewithafriend.Theriverisalive,andeachtimewemeet,wegrowcloser.Idiscoveredalittlelocalcaférecently.Afterseveralvisits,Kirsty,theresidentcafécat,hasfinallystartedacknowledgingmypresence.Theotherrepeatcustomershavealsostartednoddingatme.Theywereherefirstandthisistheircafé.Nowtheyseemtobesaying,“Haveaseat,stayawhile,andcomebacksoon.”24.Whatdoestheauthor’srestaurantpreferenceshow?A.Heisacreatureofhabit. B.Heisstrictlyself-disciplined.C.Helovesexploringnewthings. D.HefavoursAsiancuisinemost.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“character”inparagraph3referto?A.Reward. B.Souvenir. C.Symbol. D.Companion.26.HowdoestheauthorfindthewalkingroutealongtheThames?A.Crowdedbutcomforting. B.Familiarbutrefreshing.C.Windingbutapproachable. D.Exhaustingbutadventurous.27.Whatmessagedoesthistextmainlyconvey?A.Satisfactionexistsinthepresent. B.Sharedexperiencesbuildbonds.C.Possibilitieshideintheunknown. D.Repeatvisitsdeepenappreciation.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.D【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者对常去熟悉地方的喜爱，强调重复到访能加深对事物的欣赏。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Actually,Ihavebeeneatingatthisrestaurantfor17years.(事实上，我在这家餐厅吃了17年了)”以及第二段“Inachaoticworld,beingaregularmakesmefeelthattherearealwaysplaceswherethingsstaythesame.(在这个混乱的世界里，经常去一个地方让我觉得总有一些地方是一成不变的)”可知，作者喜欢去常去的餐厅，这表明他是一个习惯于常规的人。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Tobearegularistoletaplacebecomeacharacterinyourlife.Theactofreturningbuildsconnection,andasenseofbeingathomeasyousettleinandshareanodwiththewaiterbeforeheasksifyou’llbehavingtheusual.(经常去一个地方就是让这个地方成为你生活中的character。回来的行为建立了联系，让你有一种宾至如归的感觉，在你安顿下来，和服务员点头示意之后，他才会问你是否还像往常一样)”可知，作者认为经常去一个地方会让这个地方成为生活中的一个陪伴者，character在此处指“陪伴者，同伴”，与companion意义相近。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whilerelaxingweekendsofferthepromiseoffindingcountrypathsforawander,Iwouldpreferrevisitingabelovedwalkingrouteastheseasonsturn,noticingthesubtle(微妙的)changesinthesameplace.I’vewalkedalongtheThamesahundredtimes,butthebankslookdifferenteachtimeasthetidesmovetorevealorconceal(隐藏).(虽然放松的周末提供了找到乡间小路漫步的希望，但随着季节的变化，我更愿意重新审视一条心爱的步行路线，注意到同一个地方微妙的变化。我沿着泰晤士河走了一百次，但每次潮汐移动时，河岸看起来都不一样)”可知，作者认为泰晤士河沿岸的步行路线既熟悉又每次都有新发现，即熟悉但令人耳目一新。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Afterseveralvisits,Kirsty,theresidentcafécat,hasfinallystartedacknowledgingmypresence.Theotherrepeatcustomershavealsostartednoddingatme.Theywereherefirstandthisistheircafé.Nowtheyseemtobesaying,“Haveaseat,stayawhile,andcomebacksoon.”(经过几次拜访，咖啡馆的常客猫咪Kirsty终于开始注意到我的存在了。其他常客也开始向我点头。他们先来的，这是他们的咖啡馆。现在他们似乎在说:“请坐，待一会儿，很快就回来。”)”以及文章内容可知，本文围绕反复回访喜爱的餐馆、步道、小店展开，主要传达的信息是重复到访能加深对事物的欣赏。CIt’sMondaymorningagain.Likemanyothers,youspendyourweekendresting,say,scrollingonyourphone,butsomehowwhentheworkweekarrives,youneverfeelasrefreshedasyouhoped.Youwonder:Isthereabetterwaytorecharge?Nowresearchsuggeststheansweris“yes”anditliesinleisurecrafting.Leisurecraftingisnotaboutwhatyoudoinyourfreetime,buthowyoudoit.Itinvolvesstructuringthingsyoualreadyenjoydoingwithintentionalitysothattheyhelpyousetindividualgoals,promotesocialconnections,andbuildskills.Theideaisnottocompletelyshiftyourapproachtofreetime—orevenpickupnewpursuits-asmuchasitistointegrateafewspecificgoals.Liketorun?Trytrainingforarace.Enjoyreading?Aimtoreadacertainnumberofbookseverymonth.Settinggoalsinoff-hourslookslikeanotherexampleoflettingwork-brainlogicinchitswayintopersonallives.Butdoneright,itcanhelpyoufeelasenseofpurpose,confidence,andaccomplishment,saysAlexHamrick,amanagementprofessorattheUniversityofRichmond.Researchersdid11fieldstudieswithmorethan2,400workingprofessionalsandfoundthatindividualsreportedhigherenergylevels,morepositivemoods,andstrongeroverallwell-beingafterengaginginleisurecrafting.Whileleisurecraftingrequirescommitmentandgoal-setting,itisstillsimplythat:leisure.Thegoalisnottoturnhobbiesintoasecondjob.Researchhasshownthatpeople’sproductivitytendstostopincreasingat60hoursaweek.Expandingthehoursspentmaximizingoutput,eveninpursuitofperfectingyourcookingtechniquesorreadingdetectivenovels,couldmakeyoumoretired.Hamrickagreesthatifpurposefulpursuitsstarttofeellikework,itmightbetimetostop.Leisurecraftingshouldenhance-notreplace-otherformsofrelaxation.Arecentgovernmentguidetogettingoffyourphoneincludedthesuggestionofsettingarecreationalgoalasadiversionfromthescreen.Beyondallthegranderreasonstoleisurecraft,thatsimpleonemaybeamongthemostrelevant.28.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Lackofeffectivewaystorest. B.Workingthroughtheweekend.C.Addictiontoplayingonphones. D.Feelingworriedaboutthefuture.29.Whichofthefollowingisthemainfeatureofleisurecrafting?A.Shiftingyourlifefocus. B.Extendingyourfreetime.C.Actingwithapurpose. D.Takingupnewhobbies.30.Whatisparagraph3mainlyaboutconcerningleisurecrafting?A.Itsapproaches. B.Itspurposes. C.Itsbenefits. D.Itsexamples.31.Whydoestheauthormentiontheresearchinparagraph4?A.Toargueagainstsettingunrealisticgoals.B.Towarnagainstoverdoingleisurecrafting.C.Toexplainwhycommitmentisvitalforsuccess.D.Toprovehowleisurecraftingimprovesefficiency.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.B【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了休闲规划这一概念，包括其定义、特点、益处以及实施时的注意事项。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Likemanyothers,youspendyourweekendresting,say,scrollingonyourphone,butsomehowwhentheworkweekarrives,youneverfeelasrefreshedasyouhoped.Youwonder:Isthereabetterwaytorecharge?(和许多人一样，你周末休息，比如刷手机，但不知为何，当工作日到来时，你从未感到像自己希望的那样精神焕发。你想知道：有没有更好的恢复精力的方法？)”可知，第一段描述的现象是缺乏有效的休息方式。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Leisurecraftingisnotaboutwhatyoudoinyourfreetime,buthowyoudoit.Itinvolvesstructuringthingsyoualreadyenjoydoingwithintentionalitysothattheyhelpyousetindividualgoals,promotesocialconnections,andbuildskills.(休闲规划不在于你在空闲时间做什么，而在于你如何做。它涉及以有意图的方式构建你已经喜欢做的事情，以便它们帮助你设定个人目标、促进社交联系和培养技能。)”可知，休闲规划的主要特点是有目的地行动。【30题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Researchersdid11fieldstudieswithmorethan2,400workingprofessionalsandfoundthatindividualsreportedhigherenergylevels,morepositivemoods,andstrongeroverallwell-beingafterengaginginleisurecrafting.(研究人员对2400多名职场人士进行了11项实地研究，发现参与休闲规划后，个人的能量水平更高、情绪更积极、整体幸福感更强。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是休闲规划的益处。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whileleisurecraftingrequirescommitmentandgoal-setting,itisstillsimplythat:leisure.Thegoalisnottoturnhobbiesintoasecondjob.Researchhasshownthatpeople’sproductivitytendstostopincreasingat60hoursaweek.Expandingthehoursspentmaximizingoutput,eveninpursuitofperfectingyourcookingtechniquesorreadingdetectivenovels,couldmakeyoumoretired.(虽然休闲规划需要投入和设定目标，但它仍然只是休闲。目标不是把爱好变成第二份工作。研究表明，人们的工作效率在一周60小时后往往会停止增长。即使是为了完善烹饪技巧或阅读侦探小说而延长工作时间，也可能会让你更累。)”可知，作者提到第四段的研究是为了警告不要过度进行休闲规划。DNitrogenfertiliser(氮肥)isessentialformodernagriculturebutcarriesaheavyenvironmentalprice,contributingtowaterpollutionandsoildegradation.However,simplyreducingitsuseisnotasolution.Cropstypicallyrespondtonitrogenshortagebyinvestingmoreinrootgrowthtosearchfornutrients,oftenattheexpenseofshoot(茎叶)developmentandgrainproduction.Whileadaptiveinthewild,thisroot-shoottrade-offlimitsagriculturalproductivity.Fordecades,thegenebehindthistrade-offhasbeenunknown.Inanewstudy,researchersfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversity,theUniversityofOxford,andtheChineseAcademyofSciencesnotonlyidentifiedthegeneresponsible,butdemonstratedthatmodifyingitinricecanensurestableshootgrowthandyieldsevenwhennitrogenlevelsarelow.Thebreakthroughcouldultimatelyreducedependenceonartificialfertilisers.Inexperiments,theteamfoundthatageneinricecalledWRINKLED1ahasdistinctrolesintheshootandroot.Intheshoot,itswitchesonNGR5,akeygenethatpromotesbranching.Intheroots,WRINKLED1asupportsnitrogenuptake,butalsopreventstheformationofaproteincomplexthatwouldotherwiselimitrootgrowth.Interestingly,WRINKLED1adoesnotpreventthisproteincomplexintheshoot,showingthatitsrolesaretissue-specific.Fromover3,000ricevarieties,theteamidentifiedanaturallystrongerversionofthegeneandusedtraditionalplantbreeding(育种)tocrossitintovarietiescarryingaweakerform.OverthreefieldtrialsinHainanandAnhuiprovinces,China,riceplantswiththisimprovedversionmaintainedamorestableroot-to-shootbalanceacrossdifferentnitrogenconditions,resultingina23.7%yieldincreaseunderlowfertiliseruseanda19.9%increaseunderhighfertiliseruse.LeadauthorDr.ShanLinotedthatWRINKLED1ahelpsriceavoidtheusual“moreroots,lessshoot”situationundernitrogenlimitation,supportingstableyieldswithlowernitrogeninputs.“Thenextstepistoinvestigatewhethersimilargenesinothercrops,suchaswheatandcorn,canbeusedtoachievethesameoutcomes,”sheadded.32.Whichaspectoftheroot-shoottrade-offdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Itseconomiccost. B.Itsnutritionaldemand.C.Itsgeneticmechanism. D.Itsenvironmentalimpact.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutWRINKLED1a?A.Itsfunctionvariesindifferenttissues.B.Itseffectisrestrictedtotheshoot.C.Itpromotesproteincomplexformation.D.Itreducesnitrogenlevelsintheroots.34.Whatmightthestudyhelptodoaccordingtothetext?A.Contributetofooddiversity. B.Facilitatesustainablefarming.C.Justifynitrogenfertiliseruse. D.Advancericebreedingmethods.35.WhatdoDr.ShanLi’swordssuggest?A.Thelimitationoftheresearch. B.Achallengeinapplyingthefindings.C.Theneedtotesttheoutcomes. D.Apossibledirectionforfurtherstudy.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文围绕农作物在缺氮环境下的根冠权衡现象展开，介绍科研团队成功锁定调控该现象的关键基因，改良水稻品种实现减肥增产，并展望该研究在其他农作物上的后续应用前景。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fordecades,thegenebehindthistrade-offhasbeenunknown.Inanewstudy,researchersnotonlyidentifiedthegeneresponsible,butdemonstratedthatmodifyingitinricecanensurestableshootgrowthandyieldsevenwhennitrogenlevelsarelow.(几十年来，控制这种根冠权衡的基因一直不为人知。在一项新研究中，研究人员不仅找到了关键基因，还证实改良水稻中的该基因，能让水稻在低氮环境下依旧维持茎叶正常生长与产量稳定。)”可知，这项新研究聚焦根冠权衡背后的基因运作机制。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly,WRINKLED1adoesnotpreventthisproteincomplexintheshoot,showingthatitsrolesaretissue-specific.(有趣的是，WRINKLED1a基因不会在茎叶组织中抑制该蛋白质复合体的形成，这表明它的功能具有组织特异性。)”可知，该基因在不同植物组织中作用不同。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thebreakthroughcouldultimatelyreducedependenceonartificialfertilisers.(这一突破最终有望减少农业对人工化肥的依赖。)”以及第四段“OverthreefieldtrialsinHainanandAnhuiprovinces,China,riceplantswiththisimprovedversionmaintainedamorestableroot-to-shootbalanceacrossdifferentnitrogenconditions,resultingina23.7%yieldincreaseunderlowfertiliseruseanda19.9%increaseunderhighfertiliseruse.(在中国海南省和安徽省的三次田间试验中，使用这种改进版本的水稻在不同的氮肥条件下保持了更稳定的根冠平衡，在低化肥使用下产量增加了23.7%，在高化肥使用下增加了19.9%。)”可知，该研究能够减少化肥使用、兼顾增产与生态保护，助力可持续农业发展。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenextstepistoinvestigatewhethersimilargenesinothercrops,suchaswheatandcorn,canbeusedtoachievethesameoutcomes.(下一步我们将研究小麦、玉米等其他农作物中是否存在同类基因，能否复刻相同的增产效果。)”可知，ShanLi博士的话指明了后续进一步研究的发展方向。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foryears,Ikeptacarefuldistancefromthepeoplearoundme.Livinginabusycityapartment,Ilearnedtomovethroughsharedspacesquietly.____36____Itwasn’tthatIdislikedothers;keepingtomyselfjustseemedeasier.Independencematteredtome,andneedingnoonefeltlikepartofbeingagrown-up.____37____Withoutwarning,thepowerwentout.Thebuildingfellintocompletedarkness.Isataloneinmyapartment,thecoldairpressinginasmyphonewentdead.Thesilencewasfamiliar.Yetthistime,itseemeddifferent.Lesscomforting.Moreexposed.Asoftknockbrokethestillness.Itwasmyneighbourfrom3B,someoneIrecognisedbuthardlyknew.Sheheldacandleandmentionedthatafewresidentsweregatheringinthehallwayandinvitedmetojointhem.Ihesitated.Stayingalonefeltsafe,butsomethingfeltunsettled.____38____Peoplesatonthefloor,sharingblankets,tea,andquietconversation.IlistenedmorethanIspoke.ThemanIhadonceassumedwasunfriendlyturnedouttobearetireddoctorwithadrysenseofhumour.____39____Irealizedhoweasilydistancecanturnintodetachment(疏离).Whenthelightsfinallyreturned,thehallwaylookedthesame,butitfeltdifferent.Ididn’tsuddenlybecomeoutgoing,nordidIabandonmyneedforspace.____40____It’saboutknowingwhentoletthemin.Now,whenIstepintotheelevator,Idon’tautomaticallylowermyeyes.Sometimes,Ilookup.A.Afteramoment,Isteppedoutside.B.Iavoidedeyecontactandunnecessaryconversation.C.Ibegantoquestionmydecisiontojointheconversation.D.Mostneighboursinthebuildingkepttothemselvesaswell.E.Asthenightprogressed,mylong-heldbeliefbegantoloosen.F.ButIunderstoodsomethingnew:maturityisn’taboutshuttingothersout.G.Thatbeliefwaschallengedonenightwhenaviolentstormsweptthroughthecity.【答案】36.B37.G38.A39.E40.F【语篇解读】本文主要讲述作者长期刻意疏远身边邻居，一场暴风雨停电的经历，让其打破隔阂，领悟到成熟并非封闭自我。【36题详析】上文“Foryears,Ikeptacarefuldistancefromthepeoplearoundme.Livinginabusycityapartment,Ilearnedtomovethroughsharedspacesquietly.(多年来，我与周围的人保持着谨慎的距离。住在繁华的城市公寓里，我学会安静穿行于公共区域)”讲述作者刻意与人保持距离，B选项“Iavoidedeyecontactandunnecessaryconversation.(我避免眼神交流和多余交谈)”承接上文，具体说明作者疏远他人的表现，语境连贯。【37题详析】上文“Independencematteredtome,andneedingnoonefeltlikepartofbeingagrown-up.(独立对我来说很重要，不需要任何人感觉像是成年人的一部分)”说明作者的想法，下文“Withoutwarning,thepowerwentout.(毫无征兆地