湖南省湘潭市湘潭县2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末联考英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省湘潭市湘潭县2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheAdmonitionsScrollisconsideredamilestoneinChinesepaintinghistory.TraditionallyattributedtoGuKaizhi(aboutAD345—406),itprobablydatestobetweenAD400and700.ThismasterpieceshowsapoetictextcomposedbyanofficialZhangHua(aboutAD232—300)aimedatcorrectingthebehaviorofanempress.TheScrollcarriesinscriptions(题字)bylatercollectorsincludingtheQianlongemperor(1736—1795).TheBritishMuseumpurchasedtheScrollfromCaptainClarenceJohnson(1870—1937)whowasinBeijingin1900duringtheBoxerRebellion(1899—1901).Originallyahandscroll,thepaintingandlaterinscriptionswereseparatedandmountedontopanelsin1914.VisitinginformationTheAdmonitionsScrollwillbeondisplayfromMonday,14July—Monday,25August,2025.Duetoconservationprecautions,itcanonlybedisplayedforsixweekseachyear.Non-museumguidedtoursandtourgroups,regardlessofsize,willnotbepermitted.Hand-heldphotographyandvideorecording(withoutflash)isallowedinthegalleryforprivatepurposesonly.IfyouwanttoseetheAdmonitionsScrollthroughouttheyear,adigitalscreenofthescrollisavailableinRoom33;ChinaandSouthAsiaontheFirstFloor.21.WhowrotethepoetictextontheAdmonitionsScroll?A.ZhangHua. B.GuKaizhi.C.Qianlongemperor. D.ClarenceJohnson.22.Whyisthepaintingonlydisplayedforsixweekseachyear?A.ToprotecttheScroll. B.Toreducevisitorflow.C.Toavoidphototaking. D.Toshowadigitalcopy.23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anancientpoetrycollection. B.Amuseumvisitorguideorwebsite.C.Amoralguidebookforwomen. D.Anartist’sbiographyofGuKaizhi.BInSilverSpring,Maryland,ManuelVerafoundasimplewaytoencouragehisneighborstoenjoytheoutdoorsandstayactive—byfixingtheiroldbikes.At74,retiredfromthepowercompany,heofferedtorepairbikesforfree,askingonlytoberepaidforanyparts.Soonherealizedmanybikeswerejustcollectingdustingarages.Heinvitedneighborstodonatethem,thengottoworkinhisworkshop.Vera’sworkshopisnearlyastrickedoutashisbikes.Thegreengardeningworkshop,itsinnerwallslinedwithtools,holdsaworkbenchandrepairstand,andevenhasairconditioningandWi-Fi.You’llknowVeraisatworkwhenclassicrockorfolkmusicfloatsoutitsopendoors.Spaceistight,soVerapreferstoworkalone—thoughnotforlackofvolunteers.WhenmanyAfghanistanrefugees(难民)arrivedin2021,theneedforbikesgrew.Verarepairedanddeliveredthemtoparks,foodbanks,andchurches.Settingupa“FreeBikes”sign,hewaitedaspeoplecameby.“Aretheyreallyfree?”they’dask.“Yes,”he’dreply.“Ifyoulikethisbike,it’syours.”Hisfirsteventgaveawaysixbikesinlessthan30minutes.Neighborsnowcallhimthe“BikeGuy.”Theysupplyhimwithbikes,helmets,andlocks.Heworkswithnonprofitsandresettlementgroups,whosendhimaperson’sageandheight.ThenVeradeliverstheperfectbikerighttotheirdoor.“PeoplecametotheU.S.withnothing,”saysVera,“Theyusedtobeprofessionals—butnowthey’velosteverythingandneedhelpstartingover.”Sofar,Verahasgivenawaymorethan700bikes.OneAfghanmanreceivedabikewithlightsandsafetygearforhisnightjob.SyrianrefugeeAlashegotasportsbikeforexercise—worthupto$800.“Itwasoneofmydreams,”hesaid.“NowIcanride,stayhealthy,andfeelfree.”24.WhatwasVera’soriginalpurposeofrepairingoldbikes?A.Tocollectrarebicycleparts. B.Topromoteoutdooractivities.C.Toclearouthisdustygarage. D.Toearnextraretirementincome.25.WhatbestdescribesVera’sworkshop?A.Tinybutwell-equipped. B.Spaciousbutrarelyused.C.Noisyandpoorlyorganized. D.Sharedandfrequentlyvisited.26.WhydidVeraaskforaperson’sageandheight?A.Toarrangeabikepickup.B.Todeliveratailoredbike.C.Totrackrefugeeinformation.D.Tocooperatewithlocalgroups.27.What’sthesignificanceofIbrahimAlashe’swords?A.Theydescribeacostlygift.B.Theyrevealsafetyconcerns.C.Theyshowsinceregratitude.D.Theysuggestahopefuldream.CScientistswarnthatthewaypeoplestorefatintheirbodiescouldinfluencetheirriskofdevelopingcertaintypesofcancer,particularlycolorectal(结直肠的)cancer.Colorectalcancerisoneoftheleadingcausesofcancer-relateddeathsworldwide.IntheU.S.alone,around150,000newcasesareexpectedin2024.Whileunhealthydiet,smoking,heavydrinking,andgeneralobesityhavelongbeenrecognizedasmajorriskfactors,recentresearchisfocusingonhowfatisdistributedinthebody.Acommonwaytodescribefatdistributionisbybodyshape—suchas“apple-shaped”(fatmainlyaroundthewaist)and“pear-shaped”(fatmainlyaroundthehips).Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewithapple-shapedbodiesfacehigherrisksofheartdisease.Now,evidencesuggeststhatthisbodytypemayalsoraisetheriskofcolorectalcancer,eveninthosewithanormalBodyMassIndex(BMI).Thestudy,publishedinScienceAdvances,analyzeddatafrom329,828UKBiobankparticipantstoinvestigatethisrelationshipbetweenbodytypeandcancerrisk.Itfoundthattallerindividualswithcentralobesity(anapple-shapedbody)facedahigherriskofcolorectalcancer,asdidthosewithgeneralobesity.Theteamalsoexploredgeneticdatafrom460,198participantsandfoundthatcertaingenesassociatedwithbodyfatdistributionmightaffectcancerriskindifferentways.Forexample,generalobesitywaslinkedtogeneshighlyexpressedinthebrain,whilecentralobesitywasrelatedtogenesactiveinfattissue.“Thesefindingssuggestthatdigestive(消化的)healthmaypartlyoriginateinthebrainandfattissue,”saidleadresearcherHeinzFreisling.Althoughmoreresearchisneeded,scientistsbelievethatrecognizingbodyshapeandfatdistributioncanimproveourunderstandingofcancerrisk.Inthemeantime,stayingphysicallyactiveandmaintainingabalanceddietremainimportantstepsinreducingcancerrisk.28.Tobetterunderstandtheriskfactors,therecentresearchchangeditsfocusto________.A.fatstoredaroundwaist. B.harmsofheavydrinking.C.fatdistributionpatterns. D.numberofcancercases.29.Whatdothegeneticdatareveal?A.Thebraincontrolsdigestion. B.Fattissuesaffectbrainhealth.C.Genesdeterminesfatdistribution. D.Fat-relatedgenesinfluencecancerrisk.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthestudy’sfindings?A.Partlysupportive. B.Stronglydoubtful.C.Generallyoptimistic. D.completelyconvinced.31.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AppleorPear?YourCancerRiskMayDiffer.B.WhyFatStorageAffectsCancerTreatment.C.HowGenesShapeBothYourBodyandMind.D.DietorGenes?TheCausesofColorectalCancer.DGlobally,twobillionpeopleuse5Gwirelessnetworks.Theseusersbenefitfromfasteruploadanddownloadspeeds,lowerdelays,andimprovedreliability.Butthisprogresscomeswithacost—5Gnetworksusefarmoreenergythanpreviousgenerations.Toaddressthis,researchersattheUniversityofNotreDame,withsupportfromtheU.S.Army,areworkingonasolution.Theyaimtocreateanenergy-efficientantenna(天线)thatstilldelivers5G-levelperformance.Theteamwillbuildontheirearlierresearchinlow-powerantennasandworkwithindustrypartnerstocompletethedesign.TheeffortisledbyJonathanChisum,anassociateprofessorofelectricalengineering.Histeamisdevelopinganewtypeofantennausingman-madematerialscreatedinhislab.Traditionalcelltowersrequireseparateantennasandpower-hungrychipsforeachfrequencyband.Chisum’sideaistoreplacemanyofthesewithonewidebandantennathatusesthephysicsofmaterialstoguideandfocusradiowaves—justlikealens(透镜)bendslight—removingtheneedformultipleactivechips.Theresultisamillimeter-wavegradientindex(GRIN)lensantenna.ThoughGRINlenseshavebeenknownforoveracentury,usingthemfor5Gnetworkswasonceseenasunrealistic.However,yearsofworkinwidebandbeamsteering(波束控制)haveallowedChisum’slabtocreateoneantennathatworksacrossall5Gbands.ThisbreakthroughisespeciallyvaluabletotheU.S.Army,whichdependson5Gforsecurecommunication,trackingequipment,andmonitoringsoldierhealthinremoteareas.Theantenna’slowpoweruseandsmallsizemakeitperfectformobileoperations.Lookingahead,Chisumhopesthistechnologywillalsobenefitcommercialusers.Many5Gbasestationsetupshavestalledduetothehighcostofusingmultipleantennas.ThewidebandGRINantennamaychangethatbyloweringbothcostsandenergydemands.Chisum’slabisworkingwithpartnerstoimprovethedesignusingadvanced3Dprinting.Withfurthertesting,thisinnovationcouldpowerbothmilitaryandciviliannetworks—bringingefficient“5G-on-the-move”totheworld.32.Whatisthemaindrawbackof5Gnetworks?A.Higherenergyuse. B.Weaksignalreliability.C.Sloweruploadspeeds. D.Limitedfrequencybands.33.WhatisthekeyideaofChisum’splan?A.Buildmorecelltowers. B.Useoneantennaforall.C.Employlens-likematerials. D.increasesfrequencybands.34.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A.DifficultyinadaptingGRINlenses. B.GRINlenses’historicaldevelopment.C.Challengesin5Gmilitaryapplications. D.Abreakthroughinmulti-bandantenna.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stalled”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Continued. B.Expanded. C.Stopped. D.Simplified.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Choosingnewtechnologyforschoolscanbeexciting,butpoorplanningoftenleadstowastedtimeandmoney.____36____Herearethreethatmattermost.Timelineforimplementation(实施)Weoftenplantechadoptiononaschool-yearcycle,startinginAugustorSeptember.Butthattimingcanbackfire.Instead,thebesttimetobegintestcasesisduringthespringoftheyearbeforefullimplementation.____37____Schoolsshouldseekcompaniesthatsupportmulti-yearplanswithfairprices,startingearlytolowertherisk.ProfessionalLearningNewcontractsoftenincludeinitialtraining.Butwhathappensinlateryearswithnewteachers,deeperimplementation,orrefresherneeds?____38____Iftwoproductsoffersimilarfeatures,knowingwhichoneincludeslong-termprofessionallearning—andwhichonechargesextra—canmakeorbreakadecision.WorkingwitholdsystemsNewtoolsdon’tworkalone.Schoolsalreadyhavesystemsinplace,likelearningmanagementplatformsandstudentdatabases.____39____Educatorsandstudentsbenefitwhensystemsareconnectedandsimpletouse.____40____Bycarefullyconsideringimplementationtiming,ongoingtrainingneeds,andsystemintegration,schoolscanturntechnologyinvestmentsfrompotentialwastesintolastingeducationalresources.Thoughtfulplanninginthesethreeareasensuresnewtoolstrulyimproveteachingandlearning.A.Newtoolsmustworkwellwiththosealreadyinuse.B.Noteverynewtoolneedstointeractwithexistingones.C.However,poorsystemintegrationcanwasteteachers’time.D.Butproblemscanariseifcertainquestionsaren’tconsidered.E.Tryingouttoolsduringspringmakesfulluseeasierinthefall.F.Somecompaniesaregenerousatfirstbutlaterbecomehardtoreach.G.Toavoidfailure,schoolsshouldaskkeyquestionsbeforemakingapurchase.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MybusinesscardhadthetitleVicePresidentwrittenjustbelowmyname.Foryears,mywork____41____me—confirmationIwasvalued.Untilonedaymy____42____brokewiththephrase,“Yourpositionisbeingremoved.”I____43____aroundtheclockfortwoweeks,barelyeating.Thenonemorning,Iwokeup____44____andwentinsearchofmyhusband.Asusual,hewashavingcoffeeinthegarden.____45____,hepouredmeacup,waitingformeto____46____theworld.Wesatinsilence,listeningtobirdssingandleavesmovegently.Ifeltsomethinginsidemebeginto____47____again.Weekspassed.Ifoundcomfortinthisdailyroutine.Weconnectedontopicsotherthan____48____andwhoseturnitwastopickupthedrycleaning.Isharedwithhimmylong-holddream—aflowergarden.____49____myfingersintotherichsoilandwatchingtheflowersbloomwerenewsensualexperiencesthatremindedmethatsmall____50____matter.Ialso____51____mychildren.“Ireallylikethe____52____mom—you’resofunny,”mydaughtersaid.Ilaughedmore,listenedbetter,andallowedmyselfto____53____.ThenIunderstood:Lifeismulti-dimensional.Myworthisn’tjusta____54____—it’sinlaughterwithfamily,____55____undermynails,andcherishingeachmoment.41.A.described B.pushed C.directed D.defined42.A.ambition B.confidence C.courage D.opinion43.A.stayed B.closed C.slept D.worked44.A.confused B.restless C.uncertain D.guilty45.A.Calmly B.Cheerfully C.Surprisingly D.Unbelievably46.A.refresh B.explore C.forgive D.rejoin47.A.survive B.remove C.breathe D.happen48.A.work B.goals C.tasks D.nature49.A.Planting B.Digging C.Touching D.Forcing50.A.events B.efforts C.challenges D.joys51.A.reconnectedwith B.learntfrom C.prayedfor D.dependedon52.A.free B.passionate C.unemployed D.supportive53.A.play B.relax C.trust D.wander54.A.role B.garden C.number D.title55.A.success B.paint C.dirt D.regret第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On17March,476studentsand36teachersatFalmontPrimarySchoolmiraculouslyescaped____56____earthquakethathitthecountyat2:27p.m.Only5studentssufferedslightinjuries,despitethecurrentfiguresof7killedandover200____57____(injure)inthedisasterareaatlarge.AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,wasteaching____58____thefloorbegantoshake.Herstudents’reactionwasquickandcorrect—theymoved____59____theirdesks,headfirst,andheldontothelegsofthedesks.Atthesametime,MissBrownquicklyopenedtheclassroomdoor,incaseit____60____(jam)duringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthings____61____(fall)totheground,butthestudentsremainedstillandwaitedcalmly.Themomenttheshakingstopped,MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclasstomake____62____(they)escape.Shesignaledtoherstudentstoexitinan____63____(order)line,coveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.Within80seconds,thewholeclassevacuatedtotheplayground.Withthe____64____(confirm)ofeveryone’ssafetythroughrollcall,theyfinallyrelaxed,laughingandhuggingeachother.“Wepracticeearthquake____65____(drill)twiceayear,”saidMissBrown.“Thetrainingsavedtheirlives.”第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假设你是某国际学校的学生李华。你发现最近学校食堂在提供一次性餐具（single-useplastictableware）给学生使用，这不利于环保。请给校长Mr.Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：1.描述现象及危害；2.提出具体建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itallstartedwithasimplequestion,“CanIpaintyourportrait(肖像)?”Inthesummerof2024,BrianPetersonandhiswife,Vanessa,hadjustmovedintoasmallapartmentinSantaAna,California.Theneighborhoodwasunfamiliar,thestreetsquietandstill.Butonesoundstoodout—everymorningandevening,aman’sshoutingcamefromthecorner.Dirtyclothes,wildhair,longfingernails—themanlookedlikehehadn’tshoweredinayear.Brianpassedhimonthewaytoworkeveryday.Buttheyneverspoke.Onequietafternoon,Briansatonhiscouch,readingLoveDoes,abookfilledwithstoriesabout