2026年江苏省苏教版初中英语第10章语法填空练习试卷测试卷模拟卷

2026年江苏省苏教版初中英语第10章语法填空练习试卷测试卷模拟卷一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithis______busytoattendthemeetingthisafternoonbecausehehastoomanyurgenttaskstodealwith.A.soB.suchC.veryD.too解析：本题考查形容词与副词的固定搭配。too...to...结构表示“太...以至于不能...”，符合句意“史密斯先生太忙，不能参加今天下午的会议”，故选D。A项so...that...表示“如此...以至于...”，需搭配that从句；B项such...that...表示“如此...以至于...”，需搭配that从句；C项very不能与to搭配，均不符合语法结构。2.Thelittlegirloftenhelpsherparents______thehouseworkafterschool,whichherparentsappreciateverymuch.A.doB.doesC.todoD.doing解析：本题考查非谓语动词。helpsb.dosth.为固定用法，意为“帮助某人做某事”，故选A。B项does为动词第三人称单数形式，不符合语法；C项todo表示目的，但此处需动词原形；D项doing为动名词，不符合搭配。3.Ifit______finetomorrow,wewillgototheparkforapicnic.A.isB.willbeC.areD.were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，若表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句需用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，但此处主句省略了would，故从句用were，故选D。A项is表示与现在事实相反；B项willbe表示将来事实，不符合假设；C项are为动词第三人称单数形式，不符合语法。4.______youstudyhard,______youwillsucceedintheexam.A.TheharderB.HarderC.ThemoreD.More解析：本题考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越...越...”，故选A。B项Harder和D项More不符合该结构；C项Themore表示“越...越...”，但需搭配more，不符合句意。5.Mybrother______toplaybasketballafterschooleveryday,butheistootiredtogonow.A.usedtogoB.isusedtogoingC.usedtogoingD.isusedtogo解析：本题考查usedtodo和beusedtodoing的区别。usedtodo表示过去习惯性动作，现在已不存在；beusedtodoing表示习惯于做某事，仍持续存在。根据句意“我哥哥过去每天放学后都去打篮球，但现在太累了不能去”，故选A。B项beusedtodoing和C项usedtogoing搭配错误；D项beusedtogo不符合语法。6.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldbequietinthelibrary.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析：本题考查宾语从句。tellsb.that从句为固定用法，意为“告诉某人某事”，故选A。B项what引导名词性从句，但此处需陈述事实；C项if和D项whether引导条件或选择从句，不符合句意。7.Itisimportantforus______Englishwellbecauseitisthekeytoourfuture.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned解析：本题考查不定式作主语。itisimportant/necessary/strange等形容词后，常接不定式作真正主语，故选B。A项learn为动词原形；C项learning为动名词；D项learned为过去分词，均不符合语法。8.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故选A。B项whom在从句中作宾语；C项whose作定语；D项which指物，均不符合语法。9.Myparentsareproud______Ihavemadegreatprogressinmystudiesthisterm.A.ofB.forC.withD.at解析：本题考查固定搭配。beproudofsth./sb.为固定用法，意为“为...感到骄傲”，故选A。B项beproudforsb.不符合语法；C项beproudwith和D项beproudat均搭配错误。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导，故选B。C项what不能引导定语从句；D项whom指人，不符合语法。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(nothurry),youwillarriveontime.答案don’thurry解析：本题考查祈使句否定形式。if引导的条件状语从句中，若主句为祈使句，从句需用动词原形，故填don’thurry。2.Thestudentsarelookingforwardto______(have)apicnicintheparknextweekend.答案having解析：本题考查lookforwardtodoingsth.结构，意为“期待做某事”，故填having。3.Itisimportant______us______agoodhabit.答案for;todevelop解析：本题考查itisimportantforsb.todosth.结构，故填for和todevelop。4.Mysisterisinterested______(play)thepiano,butshedoesn’thaveenoughtime.答案inplaying解析：本题考查beinterestedindoingsth.结构，故填inplaying。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.答案if解析：本题考查宾语从句。asksb.if/whether从句为固定用法，故填if。6.Theboy______isplayingfootballontheplaygroundismybrother.答案who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填who。7.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothebeach.答案doesn’train解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，若表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句需用一般过去时，故填doesn’train。8.Thegirl______Ispoketoyesterdayisverykind.答案whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom引导，故填whom。9.Myfatherisproud______Ihavepassedtheexam.答案of解析：本题考查beproudofsth./sb.结构，故填of。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryuseful.答案which/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导，故填which或that。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothepark.(√)解析：虚拟语气正确，if引导的假设条件句中，若表示与将来事实相反的情况，主句需用would/could/might+动词原形，此处省略了would。3.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。4.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。5.MyparentsareproudofmebecauseIhavemadegreatprogressinmystudies.(√)解析：固定搭配正确，beproudofsth./sb.意为“为...感到骄傲”。6.Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。7.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.(×)解析：缺少主句谓语动词，应为Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.8.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。9.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryuseful.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。10.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Whatdoesthephrase"usedtodo"mean?参考答案Thephrase"usedtodo"isusedtodescribeahabitoractionthatwastrueinthepastbutisnolongertrueinthepresent.Forexample,"Iusedtoplaybasketballeveryday,butnowIdon’thavetime."Here,"usedtoplay"indicatesthatthepersonplayedbasketballregularlyinthepast,butthehabithasstopped.2.Howdoyouformasentenceusing"the+比较级,the+比较级"?参考答案Thestructure"the+comparativeadjective,the+comparativeadjective"isusedtoshowarelationshipbetweentwothings,indicatingthatasonethingincreasesordecreases,theotherthingdoestoo.Forexample,"Theharderyoustudy,thebetteryourgradeswillbe."Here,"theharder"and"thebetter"showthatasthestudyeffortincreases,thegradesimprove.3.Whatisthedifferencebetween"tellsb.that"and"asksb.if/whether"?参考答案"Tellsb.that"isusedtoconveyinformationorinstructionstosomeone.Forexample,"Theteachertoldusthatweshouldfinishourhomework."Ontheotherhand,"asksb.if/whether"isusedtoinquireaboutsomething.Forexample,"Theteacheraskedusifwehadfinishedourhomework."Thekeydifferenceisthat"tell"isusedforgivinginformation,while"ask"isusedforquestioning.4.Whydoweuse"itisimportant/necessary/strange+todosth."?参考答案Thestructure"itisimportant/necessary/strange+todosth."isusedtoemphasizetheimportanceornecessityofanaction.Theword"it"isthesubject,andtherealsubjectistheinfinitivephrase"todosth."Forexample,"ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell."Here,"tolearnEnglishwell"istherealsubject,and"it"isaplaceholder.5.Howdoyouuse"beproudof"?参考答案"Beproudof"isusedtoexpressfeelingsofprideorsatisfactionaboutsomethingorsomeone.Thestructureis"beproudof+sth./sb."Forexample,"MyparentsareproudofmebecauseIpassedtheexam."Here,"myparents"areproudof"me,"and"me"istheobjectofthepreposition"of."6.Whatisarelativeclause?参考答案Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatmodifiesanounornounphrase.Itisintroducedbyrelativepronouns(who,whom,whose,which,that)orrelativeadverbs(when,where,why).Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."Here,"whoiswearingareddress"istherelativeclausemodifying"thegirl."7.Howdoyouformasentenceusing"lookforwardtodoingsth."?参考答案"Lookforwardtodoingsth."isusedtoexpressanticipationorexcitementaboutdoingsomething.Thestructureis"lookforwardto+gerund(doing)."Forexample,"Thestudentsarelookingforwardtohavingapicnicinthepark."Here,"havingapicnic"isthegerund,and"lookforwardto"expressesthestudents'anticipation.8.Whydoweuse"if"or"whether"inconditionalsentences?参考答案"If"and"whether"arebothusedtointroduceconditionalclauses,buttheyhaveslightlydifferentuses."If"isusedforrealorpossibleconditions,while"whether"isusedforchoicesoruncertainty.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."(realcondition)vs."Wewillgotothepicnictomorrowwhetheritrainsornot."(choice).五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）CaseStudy1Background:Lilyisa14-year-oldstudent.Shelovesreadingandoftengoestothelibrary.Lastweek,sheborrowedabookfromthelibrary,andshefounditveryinteresting.ShewantstotellherfriendTomaboutthebook.Task:Writeasentenceusingarelativeclausetodescribethebook.参考答案ThebookwhichLilyborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.解析：先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。句子结构正确，符合语法要求。CaseStudy2Background:Jackisa15-year-oldstudent.Heusedtoplaybasketballeveryday,butnowhedoesn’thavetimebecauseheispreparingfortheexam.HisfriendMikeaskshimabouthispasthabits.Task:Writeasentenceusing"usedtodo"todescribeJack’spasthabit.参考答案Jackusedtoplaybasketballeveryday,butnowhedoesn’thavetime.解析：句子正确使用了"usedtodo"结构，表达了Jack过去每天打篮球的习惯，但现在已经没有时间了。CaseStudy3Background:Sarahisa13-year-oldstudent.ShewantstoimproveherEnglish.Herteachertellsherthatitisimportanttopracticeeveryday.Sarahdecidestofollowherteacher’sadvice.Task:Writeasentenceusing"itisimportant+todosth."todescribeSarah’splan.参考答案ItisimportantforSarahtopracticeEnglisheveryday.解析：句子正确使用了"itisimportant+todosth."结构，表达了Sarah每天练习英语的重要性。CaseStudy4Background:Tomisa14-year-oldstudent.Heisproudofhisachievements.Hewantstotellhisparentsabouthisprogressintheexam.Task:Writeasentenceusing"beproudof"todescribeTom’sfeelings.参考答案Tomisproudofhisprogressintheexam.解析：句子正确使用了"beproudof"结构，表达了Tom对他的考试成绩感到骄傲。CaseStudy5Background:Lilyandherfriendsareplanningapicnic.Theyarelookingforwardtohavingagoodtimetogether.Theywanttowriteanotetoinvitetheirclassmates.Task:Writeasentenceusing"lookforwardtodoingsth."todescribetheirplan.参考答案Lilyandherfriendsarelookingforwardtohavingapicnicinthepark.解析：句子正确使用了"lookforwardtodoingsth."结构，表达了Lily和她的朋友们期待在公园里野餐。CaseStudy6Background:Jackandhisclassmatesarestudyingfortheexam.Theyneedtodecidewhethertostudytogetherorindividually.Task:Writeasentenceusing"if"or"whether"todescribetheirdecision.参考答案Jackandhisclassmateswillstudytogetheriftheyhaveenoughtime.解析：句子正确使用了"if"结构，表达了Jack和他的同学们如果有足够的时间会一起学习。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.A3.D4.A5.A6.A7.B8.A9.A10.B二、填空题1.don’thurry2.having3.for;todevelop4.inplaying5.if6.who7.doesn’train8.whom9.of10.which/that三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.√6.√7.×8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.Thephrase"usedtodo"isusedtodescribeahabitoractionthatwastrueinthepastbutisnolongertrueinthepresent.Forexample,"Iusedtoplaybasketballeveryday,butnowIdon’thavetime."Here,"usedtoplay"indicatesthatthepersonplayedbasketballregularlyinthepast,butthehabithasstopped.2.Thestructure"the+comparativeadjective,the+comparativeadjective"isusedtoshowarelationshipbetweentwothings,indicatingthatasonethingincreasesordecreases,theotherthingdoestoo.Forexample,"Theharderyoustudy,thebetteryourgradeswillbe."Here,"theharder"and"thebetter"showthatasthestudyeffortincreases,thegradesimprove.3."Tellsb.that"isusedtoconveyinformationorinstructionstosomeone.Forexample,"Theteachertoldusthatweshouldfinishourhomework."Ontheotherhand,"asksb.if/whether"isusedtoinquireaboutsomething.Forexample,"Theteacheraskedusifwehadfinishedourhomework."Thekeydifferenceisthat"tell"isusedforgivinginformation,while"ask"isusedforquestioning.4.Thestructure"itisimportant/necessary/strange+todosth."isusedtoemphasizetheimportanceornecessityofanaction.Theword"it"isthesubject,andtherealsubjectistheinfinitivephrase"todosth."Forexample,"ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell."Here,"tolearnEnglishwell"istherealsubject,and"it"isaplaceholder.5."Beproudof"isusedtoexpressfeelingsofprideorsatisfactionaboutsomethingorsomeone.Thestructureis"beproudof+sth./sb."Forexample,"MyparentsareproudofmebecauseIpassedtheexam."Here,"myparents"areproudof"me,"and"me"istheobjectofthepreposition"of."6.Arelativeclauseisatype