2026年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及参考答案

2026年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及参考答案I.Phonetics(5points)Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA,B,CandD.Comparetheunderlinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.A.townB.downC.ownD.brown2.A.heatB.headC.breadD.dead3.A.measureB.pleasureC.treasureD.sure4.A.workedB.wantedC.neededD.decided5.A.hearB.bearC.pearD.wearII.VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.6.Thenewbridge___bytheendofnextyear.A.willcompleteB.willhavecompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.hascompleted7.Hardlyhadhearrivedatthestation___thetrainbegantomove.A.whenB.thanC.thenD.that8.Itisessentialthateverychild___equalaccesstoeducation.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.willhave9.___theweatherwasbad,theoutdoorconcertwascancelled.A.BecauseofB.DuetoC.OwingtoD.Because10.Idon’tmind___thewindowifyoufeelhot.A.openB.toopenC.openingD.opened11.Bythetimeyoureceivethisletter,I___abroad.A.willgoB.willhavegoneC.havegoneD.went12.Theprofessor,togetherwithhisstudents,___conductinganexperimentinthelab.A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen13.ShespeaksEnglish___astobemistakenforanativespeaker.A.sowellB.wellenoughC.toowellD.enoughwell14.Nosoonerhadtheystartedthemeeting___thefirealarmwentoff.A.whenB.thanC.thenD.that15.Itwasnotuntilmidnight___hefinishedthereport.A.thatB.whenC.beforeD.after16.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool___increasing.A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen17.Wewereallsurprisedthathemade___rapidprogress.A.soB.suchC.suchaD.soa18.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho___beentoBeijing.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.tohave19.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,I___acake.A.wouldbakeB.wouldhavebakedC.willbakeD.baked20.Notonly___drive,buthealsorepairscars.A.hecanB.canheC.doeshecanD.hedoesIII.Cloze(30points)Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsthecontextandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Manypeoplethinkofreadingasaquietescape,butresearchshowsitismuchmorethanthat.Readingfiction,inparticular,canimproveempathyandhelppeopleunderstandothers.Inonestudy,participantswhoreadliteraryfictionperformedbetterontestsmeasuringemotionalintelligencethanthosewhoreadnonfictionornothingatall.Theresearchersbelievethatbyfollowingcharactersthroughcomplexsituations,readerspractice__21__themselvesinsomeoneelse’sshoes.Thismentalexercisecanmakethemmoresensitivetothefeelingsofpeoplearoundthem.Ofcourse,notallreadingisthesame.Afast-pacedthrillermayentertain,butitmaynotprovidethesamepsychologicalbenefitsasamore__22__novel.Expertssuggestthatbookswithrichcharacterdevelopmentandmoralambiguityareespeciallyvaluablebecausetheyforcereaderstoconsidermultipleperspectives.Inotherwords,thedifficultyofthetextmaybepartofitsvalue.__23__tosolvethepuzzleofacharacter’smotives,readersdeveloppatienceandtoleranceforuncertainty.Readingalsohasphysicalbenefits.AstudyataBritishuniversityfoundthatjustsixminutesofreadingcanreducestressbymorethan60percent.__24__listeningtomusicortakingawalk,readingslowedparticipants’heartratesandrelaxedtheirmuscles.Thismakessense:whenweread,wemustconcentrateenoughtofollowthestory,butnotsomuchthatwebecomeanxious.Therhythmofthelanguageandthequietfocuscreateastatesimilartomeditation.Moreover,establishingareadingroutinebeforebedcansignalthebrainthatitistimeto__25__down.Forchildren,thebenefitsbeginearly.Readingaloudtoyoungchildrenexposesthemtoawidervocabularythaneverydayconversationdoes.Picturebookscontainmanywordsthatadultsrarelyuseindailyspeech,andthesewords__26__thefoundationforlaterreadingskills.Childrenwhoarereadtoregularlyalsodevelopstrongerattentionspansandbetterlisteningskills.Bythetimetheyenterschool,theyareoftenmorepreparedtolearn.Thisearlyadvantagecanshapetheirentireeducation.Manyparentswonderhowtoencouragereadinghabits.Themosteffectivemethodissimple:letchildrenseeyoureading.Whenachildnoticesthataparentchoosesabookoveraphone,thechildreceivesapowerfulmessageaboutthevalueofreading.Anotherstrategyistoletchildrenchoosetheirownbooks.Evenifachildselectsacomicbookoramagazine,theactofreadingisstillvaluable.__27__banningcertainbooks,parentscandiscussthemopenlyandsharetheirownopinions.Someadultssaytheycannotfindtimetoread.Yetstudiesshowthattheaveragepersonspendsnearlytwoandahalfhoursadayonsocialmedia.Replacingeventhirtyminutesofthattimewithabookwould__28__toabouttwentybooksayear.Theproblemisnotalackoftimebutalackofpriority.Settingasmallgoal,suchasreadingtenpagesbeforebed,canmakethehabitmanageable.Oncereadingbecomespartofadailyroutine,itnolongerfeelslikea__29__.Librariesremainessentialinstitutionsformakingreadingaccessible.Theyprovidefreeaccesstobooks,newspapers,anddigitalresources.Inmanycommunities,librariesalsoofferreadingprogramsforchildrenandadults.Theseprograms__30__peopletogetheraroundsharedstoriesandideas.Withoutsuchpublicspaces,manypeoplewouldhavenoaffordablewaytoexploreliterature.Libraries,therefore,arenotmerelybuildingsfullofbooks;theyarecentersoflifelonglearning.Inthedigitalage,theformofreadingischanging.E-booksandaudiobooksallowpeopletoconsumeliteraturewhilecommutingordoinghouseholdchores.Someworrythattheseformatsarelessseriousthanprint,butresearchsuggeststhatthebrainprocessesthecontentinsimilarways.Whatmattersmostisnotthemediumbutthe__31__withwhichpeopleread.Afocusedreaderofane-bookmaygainasmuchasadistractedreaderofaprintednovel.Readingacrossculturesalsoexpandsourworldview.Anovelsetinanothercountrycanteachusabouthistory,food,andsocialcustomsinawaythatatextbookmaynot.Becausefictionappealstoouremotions,itcanmakedistanteventsfeelimmediateandpersonal.Thisemotionalconnectioniswhatleadstoreal__32__.Asinglenovelcanchangethewayapersonthinksaboutagroupofpeopleorapoliticalissue.Teachersoftenreportthatstudentswhoreadwidelywritebetter.Thisisbecausereadingprovidesmodelsofsentencestructure,organization,andargument.Themorestudentsread,themorenaturalgoodwritingbecomes.Theyabsorbtherulesofgrammarandstylewithoutneedingtomemorizethem.Forthisreason,manyeducatorsarguethatthebestwaytoimprovewritingisnottodrillgrammarexercisesbuttoread__33__.Ofcourse,readingisnotacureforallproblems.Itcannotreplacehumanrelationshipsorprofessionalhelpwhenitisneeded.Butitcanprovidecomfort,insight,andasenseofconnectionthatfewotheractivitiesoffer.Abookcanbeafaithfulcompanionduringdifficulttimes.Itcanofferhopewhentheworldseemsdarkand__34__usthatothershavefacedsimilarstruggles.Inconclusion,readingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystogrowintellectuallyandemotionally.Itcostslittle,requiresnospecialequipment,andcanbedonealmostanywhere.Thehabitofreadingisagiftthatkeepsgivingthroughoutlife.Whetherwereadforpleasure,forknowledge,orforconnection,weareenrichingourlivesandthelivesofthosearoundus.Weshouldthereforemakereadinga__35__partofourdailyexistence,notanoccasionalluxury.21.A.puttingB.placingC.takingD.setting22.A.demandingB.simpleC.popularD.humorous23.A.TryB.TotryC.TryingD.Tried24.A.ComparedwithB.InsteadofC.InspiteofD.Becauseof25.A.putB.slowC.sitD.lie26.A.lieB.buildC.makeD.lay27.A.InsteadofB.EventhoughC.IncaseofD.Asaresultof28.A.amountB.equalC.comeD.lead29.A.habitB.burdenC.rewardD.pleasure30.A.bringB.putC.carryD.take31.A.speedB.purposeC.attentionD.interest32.A.understandingB.confusionC.argumentD.distance33.A.widelyB.quicklyC.silentlyD.rarely34.A.remindB.warnC.convinceD.inform35.A.regularB.formalC.temporaryD.extraIV.ReadingComprehension(60points)Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneScientistshavelongknownthatsleepplaysanimportantroleinhealth,butrecentresearchhasrevealedexactlyhowsleepstrengthensmemory.Duringdeepsleep,thebrainreplaystheday’sexperiencesatahighspeed,transferringinformationfromshort-termtolong-termstorage.Inexperiments,ratstaughttorunamazeshowedthesamepatternsofbrainactivityduringsleepastheydidwhilerunningthemaze,suggestingthatthebrainwaspracticingthetask.Humanstudieshaveproducedsimilarresults.Studentswhosleptafterlearningalistofwordsrememberedmorewordsthenextdaythanthosewhostayedawakeforthesameamountoftime.Thetimingofsleepalsomatters.Ashortnapafterstudyingcanimproverecall,butonlyifitincludesdeepsleep.Caffeineandalcohol,whichinterferewithdeepsleep,canreducethesebenefits.Researchersadvisestudentstoavoidstayingupallnightbeforeanexam,becausesleepdeprivationimpairsattentionandtheabilitytoretrieveinformation.Interestingly,notallmemoriesarestrengthenedequally.Emotionalmemories,suchasfrighteningorjoyfulevents,areprioritized.Thismayexplainwhypeoplerememberwheretheywereduringimportantlifeeventsbutforgetordinarydailydetails.Thebrainseemstodecidewhatisworthkeeping,usingemotionalsignalsasaguide.36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Sleephelpsimprovephysicalhealthonly.B.Sleepstrengthensmemorybyreplayingexperiences.C.Caffeineandalcoholimprovestudyefficiency.D.Emotionalmemoriesarequicklyforgotten.37.Theexperimentwithratssuggeststhatduringsleep,thebrain___.A.stopsallactivityB.dreamsaboutfoodC.repeatspatternsrelatedtoataskD.learnsnewtasks38.Accordingtothepassage,whydoesstayingupallnightbeforeanexamhurtperformance?A.Itimprovesmemoryretrieval.B.Itallowsmoretimetostudy.C.Itincreasesemotionalmemories.D.Itreducesattentionandrecallability.39.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutemotionalmemories?A.Theyarenodifferentfromothermemories.B.Theyarestrengthenedmorethanordinaryones.C.Theyarestoredinshort-termmemoryonly.D.Theyareusuallyinaccurate.40.Theword“retrieve”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto___.A.loseB.recoverC.storeD.ignorePassageTwoUrbanfarmingisgrowinginpopularityascityresidentslookforwaystoeatfreshfoodandreducetransportationcosts.Incitiesaroundtheworld,vacantlots,rooftops,andevenshippingcontainersarebeingturnedintogardens.Someurbanfarmsoperateasnonprofitorganizationsthatprovidevegetablestolow-incomefamilies.Othersarecommercialbusinessesthatsellproducetorestaurantsandmarkets.Supporterssayurbanfarminghasseveralbenefits.Itshortensthedistancefoodtravelsfromfarmtotable,reducingfueluseandpollution.Italsoprovidesjobsandeducationalprogramsforyoungpeople.Inaddition,communitygardenscantransformemptyspacesintopleasantgreenareasandbringneighborstogether.However,urbanfarmingfaceschallenges.Soilincitiesmaycontainleadorotherharmfulsubstances,sofarmersoftenneedtotestthesoiloruseraisedbedswithcleansoil.Wateraccesscanalsobedifficultandexpensive.Moreover,urbanlandisvaluable,andfarmersmustcompetewithdevelopersforspace.Somecitieshaverespondedbycreatingpoliciesthatprotectcommunitygardensandofferfinancialsupporttourbanfarmers.Despitetheseobstacles,manyexpertsbelieveurbanfarmingwillcontinuetoexpand.Newtechnologies,suchashydroponicsandverticalfarming,allowcropstobegrownindoorswithoutsoil.Thesesystemsuselesswaterthantraditionalfarmingandcanoperateyear-round.Whiletheyrequireenergy,improvementsinsolarpowermaymakethemmoresustainableinthefuture.41.Whatisonebenefitofurbanfarmingmentionedinthepassage?A.Itincreasesfueluse.B.Itcreatesjobsandgreenspaces.C.Itremovesallsoilpollution.D.Itreplacesalltraditionalfarms.42.Whymighturbanfarmersneedtotestthesoil?A.Tomakethesoillighter.B.Tocheckforharmfulsubstances.C.Toreducewateruse.D.Toattractdevelopers.43.Whatchallengedourbanfarmersface?A.Lackofinterestfromresidents.B.Competitionwithdevelopersforland.C.Toomuchgovernmentsupport.D.Cropsgrowtooquickly.44.Hydroponicsismentionedasamethodofgrowingcrops___.A.withoutsoilB.withoutwaterC.onlyinsummerD.onlyonrooftops45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofurbanfarming?A.Stronglynegative.B.Hopefulbutawareofdifficulties.C.Completelyindifferent.D.Doubtfulthatitcancontinue.PassageThreeSignlanguagesarecompletelanguageswiththeirowngrammar,vocabulary,andsentencestructure.Theyarenotsimplygesturesorrepresentationsofspokenwords.AmericanSignLanguage(ASL),forexample,isdistinctfromBritishSignLanguage,eventhoughbothareusedinEnglish-speakingcountries.ApersonwhousesASLmaynotunderstandBritishSignLanguageanybetterthanaspeakerofEnglishunderstandsJapanese.Researchhasshownthatsignlanguagesareprocessedinthesameareasofthebrainthatprocessspokenlanguages.Deafchildrenwhoareexposedtosignlanguagefrombirthlearnitjustasnaturallyashearingchildrenlearnspeech.Theybabblewiththeirhands,producetheirfirstsignsataboutthesameageashearingchildrenproducefirstwords,anddevelopcomplexgrammarlater.Thesefindingssupporttheideathatthehumancapacityforlanguagedoesnotdependonspeech.Despitethis,signlanguageswerehistoricallydismissedasinferiorformsofcommunication.Manyeducatorsinthepastforceddeafchildrentospeakandforbadetheuseofsigns.Thisapproach,knownasoralism,oftendelayedlanguagedevelopmentandleftmanydeafstudentswithoutfullaccesstoeducation.Inrecentdecades,attitudeshavechanged.Countrieshaverecognizedsignlanguagesasofficiallanguages,andschoolsincreasinglyuseabilingualapproachthatcombinessignlanguageandwrittenlanguage.Today,signlanguageinterpretersareinhighdemandineducation,medicine,andthelegalsystem.Videotechnologyhasalsomadeiteasierfordeafpeopletocommunicateoverlongdistancesbyusingsignlanguage.Thesedevelopmentsreflectagrowingunderstandingthatlanguagediversitybenefitssocietyasawhole.46.Accordingtothepassage,signlanguagesare___.A.simplemimesofspokenwordsB.completelanguageswiththeirowngrammarC.universalaroundtheworldD.easierthanspokenlanguages47.TheexampleofASLandBritishSignLanguageshowsthat___.A.allEnglishspeakersunderstandthesamesignsB.signlanguagesvarylikespokenlanguagesC.BritishSignLanguageisbasedonASLD.Japanesesignlanguageisimpossibletolearn48.Researchondeafchildrenexposedtosignlanguagefrombirthsuggeststhat___.A.theycannotlearnlanguageB.theylearnsignlanguagemoreslowlythanspeechC.thebraintreatssignlanguagelikespokenlanguageD.theyprefertousewrittenlanguage49.Whatwastheeffectoforalismmentionedinthepassage?A.Itimprovededucationfordeafstudents.B.Itencouragedtheuseofsignlanguage.C.Itoftenslowedlanguagedevelopment.D.Ithadnoeffectondeafstudents.50.Whatisonereasonsignlanguageinterpretersareinhighdemand?A.Videotechnologyisrarelyused.B.Deafpeopleavoidprofessionalservices.C.Schoolsnolongerteachsignlanguage.D.Moresectorsrecognizetheneedforcommunicationaccess.PassageFourBoredomhasabadreputation.Itisoftentreatedasaproblemtobeavoidedatallcosts.Yetpsychologistsarguethatboredomcanbebeneficial.Whenthemindisnotbusywithentertainmentortasks,itentersastatethatallowscreativethinkingandself-reflection.Manypeoplereportthattheirbestideascomewhentheyarewalking,showering,ordoingnothinginparticular.Thisisbecausethebrain’sdefaultmodenetworkbecomesactivewhenwearenotfocusedonexternaldemands.Historically,peopleexperiencedmuchmoreidletimethantheydotoday.Beforesmartphones,waitingforabusorstandinginlinemeantsimplylookingaroundorthinking.Now,thosemomentsarefilledwithscrollingandnotifications.Someresearchersworrythatbyconstantlyavoidingboredom,welosetheopportunitytoimagine,plan,andsolveproblems.Theysuggestthatchildrenespeciallyneedunstructuredtimetodevelopindependenceandcreativity.Thatdoesnotmeanallboredomisgood.Chronicboredomcanbeasignofdepressionoralackofmeaning.Butordinary,temporaryboredomisnotasignaltoreachforascreen.Itisaninvitationtofindsomethingabsorbingfromwithin.Inoneexperiment,participantswhowereaskedtositquietlyforfifteenminutesbeforeaproblem-solvingtaskgeneratedmorenovelsolutionsthanthosewhohadwatchedavideo.Thequietgroupreportedfeelingbored,buttheirperformanceimproved.Thechallengeistoresisttheurgeforconstantstimulation.Expertsrecommendstartingwithshortperiodsofunstructuredtime,suchasadailywalkwithoutaphone.Overtime,peoplemayrediscoverthepleasuresofnoticingtheirsurroundingsandallowingtheirthoughtstowander.51.Whatisthetraditionalviewofboredommentionedinthepassage?A.Itisasignofcreativity.B.Itissomethingtoavoid.C.Itimprovesproblemsolving.D.Itisnecessaryforchildren.52.Accordingtopsychologists,whydogoodideasoftencomeduringboringactivities?A.Thebrainbecomeslessactive.B.Thebrain’sdefaultmodenetworkisactive.C.Externaltaskssharpenfocus.D.Phonesprovideinspiration.53.Whyareresearchersconcernedaboutsmartphones?A.Theymakepeopletooidle.B.Theyreduceopportunitiesforunstructuredthinking.C.Theycausechronicdepressiondirectly.D.Theyimprovechildren’screativity.54.Intheexperimentdescribed,participantswhosatquietlybeforeatask___.A.feltmoreenergizedB.generatedmorenovelsolutionsC.performedworsethanthevideogroupD.couldnotcompletethetask55.Whatdoexpertsrecommendtorediscoverunstructuredtime?A.Avoidalltechnologyforever.B.Takeshortphone-freewalksdaily.C.Watchentertainingvideosdaily.D.Filleverysparemomentwithtasks.V.DailyConversation(15points)Directions:Pickoutappropriateexpressionsfromthesevenchoicesbelowandcomple