重庆市永川区某中学2026届高三春期第二次调研检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆市永川区某中学2026届高三春期第二次调研检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyouinterestedinhowmarine(海洋的)ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity(BGSU)hasoneofthefewcampsintheMidwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!CampDates:June8-13、2025Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?·FieldtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments·Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(标本)collectionprocedures·Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab·Behind-the-scenestriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals·MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnon-residentialoptions.Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.ApplicationRequirements·Letterofrecommendation·Completetheonlineform·Completeresponsestoshort-answerquestionsNote:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.ApplicationDeadlines·March2,2025—Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.ApplicantswillbeinformedbyMarch14.·April25.2025—GeneralApplicationDeadline.Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.1.Whatdoesthecampoffer?A.Samplegatheringpractice.B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.C.Researchlabmembership.D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.2.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?A.$400. B.$765.C.$1,125. D.$1,250.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant’sdisqualification?A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.D.Failingtorecommendotherapplicants.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了鲍林格林州立大学的夏令营，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?(营员们可以参加哪些活动？)”部分中“Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(标本)collectionprocedures(实践标本收集程序)”可知，该夏令营提供标本收集练习，故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whatdoesthecostcover?(费用包括什么？)”部分中“Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.(非住宿项目的费用为850美元，住宿项目的额外费用为400美元。项目总费用包括食宿费、实验室和活动的所有材料以及实地考察的交通费。提前加入可享受九折优惠)”可知，住宿项目总费用为850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折优惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“ApplicationRequirements(申请要求)”部分中“Note:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.(注：由申请人以外的人提供的问题的答案将取消申请资格)”可知，提供别人给出的答案会导致申请人被取消资格，故选B。BForfifteenyearsasaTorontocorporatelawyer,mylifewasmeasuredinhoursanddeadlines.Efficiencywasnotjustahabit;itwasmyidentity.ThenIjoinedawildernesscanoe(独木舟)tripinnorthernQuebec—adecisionthatwouldchallengeeverythingIbelievedabouttime.Ourguide,aCreekeldernamedJoseph,movedwithadeliberatenessthatinitiallyfrustratedme.Eachmorning,hespentnearlyanhourmakingtea,watchingthelake,readingthesky.Icalculatedhowmuchgroundwecouldcover.Threedayslater,Ifinallyaskedwhywecouldn’tpackupfaster.Helookedatmewithsomethingbetweenamusementandpity.“Whereareyougoingthat’ssoimportant?”Thequestioncaughtmeoffguard.IopenedmymouthandrealizedIhadnothingtosay.Asuddenemptinesswashedoverme,leavingmecompletelyspeechless.Buthisnextwordsstruckdeeper.“Mypeoplehavetraveledthesewatersforthousandsofyears,”hesaid.“Theoneswhohurrymakemistakes.Theymissthesigns.Theytiptheircanoesinrapidstheyshouldhaveseen.Theriverdoesn’tcarehowfastyouwanttogo.”Ibrushedoffhiswordsasromanticwisdomuntilweranasetofrapids.Iwasinthebow,paddlinghard,focusedonspeed.Josephcalledfromthestern(船尾):“Slowdown.Feelthewater.”Iturnedadeafeartohim.Momentslater,wecaughtanedgeIhadn’tnoticed,andthecanoetipped,throwingusbothintofreezingwater.Aswedraggedthecanoeashore,Josephsaidnothing.Hissilencewasmoreoverwhelmingthananylecture.Thatnight,sittingbythefire,Ibegantounderstand.Mywholelifehadbeenaboutconqueringtime.Buthere,speedhadliterallysunkme.IreturnedtoTorontowithsomethingfundamentalshifted.Whencolleaguesracethroughmeetings,checkingemailswhilepretendingtolisten,IfindmyselfthinkingofJoseph.Theriverstillflowsthroughme—aquietreminderthatsomethingscannotberushed.Theunhurriedarenotalwaysslow;sometimes,theyaresimplywiseenoughtorecognizewhatdeservestheirfullattention.4.Whatmadetheauthorspeechlessaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Hislackofcommunicationskills. B.Joseph’srudeattitudetowardshim.C.Joseph’ssimplebutpowerfulquestion. D.Hisembarrassmentathisimpatience.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brushedoff”meaninparagraph4?A.Ignored. B.Rejected. C.Embraced. D.Doubted.6.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Speeditselfisanobstacletorealsuccess.B.Nativewisdomoffersanswerstourbanstress.C.Trueprogressrequiresknowingwhatmatters.D.Wildernesstraveltransformsanyonewhotriesit.7.Whichmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AWiseCreeGuide B.ACanoeAdventureC.TheEfficiencyTrap D.TheRiver’sPace【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者经历独木舟之旅后，领悟到“不要一味求快，要顺应从容的节奏”的道理。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Whereareyougoingthat’ssoimportant?”Thequestioncaughtmeoffguard.IopenedmymouthandrealizedIhadnothingtosay.Asuddenemptinesswashedoverme,leavingmecompletelyspeechless.(“你要去的地方有什么特别的重要之处吗？”这个问题出乎我的意料。我张开嘴，却发现自己无话可说。一种突如其来的空虚感涌上心头，让我完全说不出话来)”可知，约瑟夫那简单却极具力量的问题让作者一下子说不出话来。故选C。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文““Theoneswhohurrymakemistakes.Theymissthesigns.Theytiptheircanoesinrapidstheyshouldhaveseen.Theriverdoesn’tcarehowfastyouwanttogo.”(“那些行动匆忙的人往往会犯错。他们忽视了种种迹象。他们会在本应能预见的急流中把独木舟弄翻。河流可不在乎你想要以多快的速度前行。”)”及所在句“I

brushedoffhiswordsasromanticwisdomuntilweranasetofrapids.(起初，我对他的话_______，认为那是些浪漫的说辞，直到我们经过了一段急流区域，我才开始认真思考他的话)”可知，作者对约瑟夫刚开始说的话不以为然，划线词与ignored意思相近。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ibegantounderstand.Mywholelifehadbeenaboutconqueringtime.Buthere,speedhadliterallysunkme.(我终于明白了。我的一生都在努力与时间赛跑。但在这里，速度却实实在在地将我击垮了)”及最后一段“Theriverstillflowsthroughme—aquietreminderthatsomethingscannotberushed.Theunhurriedarenotalwaysslow;sometimes,theyaresimplywiseenoughtorecognizewhatdeservestheirfullattention.(那条河流依然在我心中流淌——它默默地提醒着我，有些事情是不能匆忙完成的。那些不慌不忙的人并不总是行动迟缓；有时，他们只是足够明智，能够意识到哪些事情值得他们全神贯注地去对待)”可知，作者在这次旅行中，感受到了自己一直重视的速度却将自己击垮，那些不慌不忙的人能够认识到哪些事情才是真正重要的，因此，作者的经历展示了“真正的进步需要明确知道什么才是重要的事情”。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ThenIjoinedawildernesscanoe(独木舟)tripinnorthernQuebec—adecisionthatwouldchallengeeverythingIbelievedabouttime.(随后，我参加了在魁北克北部进行的野外独木舟之旅——这个决定彻底改变了我对时间的认知)”及全文内容可知，本文围绕作者在河流独木舟旅行中获得的感悟展开：不要一味求快，要顺应从容的节奏；结尾也点明“Theriverstillflowsthroughme(河流始终在我心中提醒我这个道理)”，TheRiver’sPace（河流的节奏）既贯穿了旅行线索，也贴合核心主旨，为最佳标题。故选D。CMiddleagehasbecomeacriticalbreakingpointintheUS.Thoseborninthe1960sandearly1970sreporthigherleveloflonelinessanddepression,alongwithdecliningmemoryandphysicalstrength—anunusualtrendwhencomparedwithotherwealthynations,wheremidlifehealthandwell-beinghaveimproved,especiallyinNordicEurope.Tofigureouttherootcause,ArizonaStateUniversitypsychologistFrankJ.Infurnaandhiscolleaguesanalyzedsurveydatafrom17countries.TheyconcludedthatAmerica’srealmidlifecrisisstemsfrombalancingwork,finances,familyandhealthamidweakeningsocialsupports,ratherthanpersonallifestylechoices.Theirfindings,publishedinCurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalScience,pointtomultiplecontributingfactorsandofferdirectionsforchange.FamilypolicydifferencesmarkakeygapbetweentheUSandEurope.Europeancountrieshaveincreasedfamilywelfareexpenditure(支出)sincetheearly2000s,whileUSspendinghasstayedlargelyunchanged,lackingcashtransfers,parentalleavesupportandfundedchildcare.ThisleavesUSmiddle-agedadults,whobalancework,child-raisingandeldercare,facingsteadilyrisinglonelinessacrossgenerations.Healthcareaffordabilityandincomeinequalityworsenthesituation.TheUSspendsthemostonhealthcareglobally,yetindividualsfacelimitedaccessandhighout-of-pocketcosts,leadingtostress,anxietyandmedicaldebt.IncomeinequalityhasalsogrownintheUS,unlikeinEurope,andislinkedtopoorerhealthandgreaterloneliness,asitrestrictseducation,employmentandsocialserviceaccess.Culturalpatternsandweaksocialsafetynetsalsocontributetotheissue.Americansmovefrequentlyandlivefarfromextendedfamilies,weakeningsocialties.LaterUSgenerationsalsofacefinancialinsecurity,whileEurope’sstrongersafetynetsprotectitsmiddle-agedpopulation.Notably,educationislosingitsprotectivepower:despitehighereducationalattainment,USmiddle-agedadultsshowepisodicmemorydecline,weakenedbyongoingstressandhealthrisks.Theresearchersstresstheseoutcomesarenotunavoidable.Personalsocialengagementcanlessenstress,butindividualeffortsareinsufficient—strongpolicy-backedsafetynetsareessentialtoreversethetroublingmidlifehealthtrendsintheUS.8.WhatledtoAmerica’smidlifecrisisaccordingtoInfurna’sresearch?A.Closelivingspacebutloosesocialbonds.B.Heavylifepressuresbutweaksocialsupports.C.Insufficienteducationandunfairworkopportunities.D.Unhealthylifestyleandlimitedaccesstomedicalcare.9.WhatisamajordifferenceinfamilypoliciesbetweentheUSandEurope?A.Europehascaredlessaboutsocialties. B.TheUShasadjustedcashtransferpolicies.C.TheUShasbroadenedparentalleavesupport. D.Europehasincreasedfamilybenefitsspending.10.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnaboutUShealthcarefromthetext?A.Peoplelackaccessibleandaffordablecare.B.Itlaysemphasisonpeople’smentalhealth.C.Thegovernmentcutsdownhealthcarespending.D.Medicaldebtispeople’sbiggestfinancialburden.11.WhatisthekeytothesolutionofUSmidlifecrisis?A.Individualsocialinvolvement. B.Experts’long-termprofessionalguidance.C.Gradualtransformationofculturalpatterns. D.Stronggovernment-supportedsocialprotections.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。美国中年人孤独抑郁、健康下滑，研究发现源于生活压力大且社会支持弱，与欧洲福利政策差距明显，需政策完善社会保障。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyconcludedthatAmerica’srealmidlifecrisisstemsfrombalancingwork,finances,familyandhealthamidweakeningsocialsupports,ratherthanpersonallifestylechoices.(他们得出结论称，美国真正的中年危机并非源于个人的生活方式选择，而是由于在社会支持不断减弱的情况下，人们需要平衡工作、财务、家庭和健康等方面的关系)”可知，根据英弗纳的研究，导致美国出现“中年危机”的原因是重大的生活压力但缺乏有效的社会支持。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Europeancountrieshaveincreasedfamilywelfareexpenditure(支出)sincetheearly2000s,whileUSspendinghasstayedlargelyunchanged,lackingcashtransfers,parentalleavesupportandfundedchildcare.(自21世纪初以来，欧洲各国大幅增加了家庭福利支出，而美国的此类支出则基本保持不变，缺乏现金补助、父母假政策支持以及有资金保障的儿童保育服务)”可知，美国和欧洲在家庭政策方面的主要区别是欧洲增加了对家庭的补贴支出。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheUSspendsthemostonhealthcareglobally,yetindividualsfacelimitedaccessandhighout-of-pocketcosts,leadingtostress,anxietyandmedicaldebt.(美国在全球范围内在医疗保健方面的投入最多，但个人却面临着有限的就医渠道和高昂的自付费用，这导致了压力、焦虑以及医疗债务等问题的产生)”可知，人们难以获得便捷且价格合理的医疗服务。故选A。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Personalsocialengagementcanlessenstress,butindividualeffortsareinsufficient—strongpolicy-backedsafetynetsareessentialtoreversethetroublingmidlifehealthtrendsintheUS.(个人的社交活动能够减轻压力，但单靠个人努力是不够的——强有力的、有政策支持的保障体系对于扭转美国中年时期令人担忧的健康状况趋势至关重要)”可知，解决美国中年危机的关键是强大的政府支持下的社会保障体系。故选D。DWhenspringarrives,keepingwarmbecomeslessofanissue.However,scientistsremindusitisnotjustaseasonalnecessity—heatisalsoavaluableenergyresourcethatcanbestored.ResearchersatKaunasUniversityofTechnology(KTU)havediscoveredaninnovativesolutionbeneathourfeet:usingsoilasanefficientthermalenergy(热能)storagesystem.KTUprofessorDrTadasŽdankusandhisteamhavebeeninvestigatinghowthegroundcanserveasamediumforheatstorage.Atthecoreoftheirresearchisaground-basedheataccumulatorthatwouldstoreleftenergyundergroundandmakeitavailablewhendemandpeaks.Initially,theteamexploredhowtousewindenergytoproduceheatviaahydraulicsystem(液压系统).Theyfoundthatso-calledhydrauliclosses,typicallyseenasinefficiencies,wereactuallygeneratingusableheat.However,partofheatwaslostbeforereachingbuildings.Thequestionbecamehowtonotonlydecreaseheatlossbutalsostoreit.Totestthisidea,theresearchersconductedexperimentsusinganartificialheatsourceplacedinsurfacesoillayers.Theymeasuredhowheatspreadsandpersistsintheground.Inonetest,whenthesoilwasheatedtotheboilingpoint,itcausedaphasechange(相变),inwhichliquidwaterbecomesvapor.“Phasechangecanbeanefficientway.Wenoticedasharptemperaturerisewhereverthevapourflowreached.Thismeanstheenergyismovingandcanbecontrolled.”saysProf.Ždankus.Oncethepossibilityofundergroundheatstoragewasconfirmed,researchersbeganexploringitspracticalapplications.Theydevelopedapilotmodelgroundenergycelltostudyhowheatspreadthroughsoil.Theyear-longmeasurementsrevealedthesoilbeneathbuildingscouldpassivelystoreheat,makinguseofthenaturaldownwardflowofheatfrombuildingsintotheground.Toputtheseground-basedstoragesystemsintowidespreaduse,researchersarenowdevelopingscaled-downpilotmodelsandrefiningheatdistributioncontrolmethods.“Ourimmediategoalistointegrateexistingsolutionsintoasystemthatcanbenefitbothindustryandresidentialsectors.”Ždankusconcludes.12.WhatisthemaingoaloftheKTUresearchproject?A.Toreducewinterheatingcosts. B.Tocapturethermalenergyfromsoil.C.Tostoreundergroundheatforlateruse. D.Topromotehydraulicsystemefficiency.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs3-4?A.Phasechangemakesheatcontrolpossible. B.Hydrauliclossescanbeavoidedbyheattransfer.C.Vapourflowcontributestobigtemperaturedrops. D.Heatproductionposesagreatchallengetoexperts.14.Whatareresearchersdoingforthepracticaluseofthesystems?A.Buildinglarge-scaleindustrialheatingsystems. B.Developingtestmodelswithimprovedcontrol.C.Applyingthetechnologytoresidentialsectors. D.Reducingtheenergyconsumptionofbuildings.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromWindtoWarmth:anUnexpectedPathB.FutureSystem:UnitingIndustryandHomeHeatingC.ANewDiscovery:TurningHydraulicLossintoGainD.TheGroundBeneath:ANewFrontierinHeatStorage【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了考纳斯理工大学(KTU)的研究人员发现可以利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统，介绍了该研究的背景、过程、实际应用以及未来的发展方向。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Atthecoreoftheirresearchisaground-basedheataccumulatorthatwouldstoreleftenergyundergroundandmakeitavailablewhendemandpeaks.(他们研究的核心是一个基于地面的热蓄能器，它可以将剩余的能量储存在地下，并在需求高峰时提供能量。)”可知，KTU研究项目的主要目标是将地下的热量储存起来以备后用。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inonetest,whenthesoilwasheatedtotheboilingpoint,itcausedaphasechange(相变),inwhichliquidwaterbecomesvapor.“Phasechangecanbeanefficientway.Wenoticedasharptemperaturerisewhereverthevapourflowreached.Thismeanstheenergyismovingandcanbecontrolled.”saysProf.Ždankus.(在一次测试中，当土壤被加热到沸点时，会引起相变，即液态水变成蒸汽。“相变可以是一种有效的方式。我们注意到，蒸汽流到达的任何地方，温度都会急剧上升。这意味着能量在移动，是可以控制的。”Ždankus教授说。)”可知，相变使热量控制成为可能。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Toputtheseground-basedstoragesystemsintowidespreaduse,researchersarenowdevelopingscaled-downpilotmodelsandrefiningheatdistributioncontrolmethods.(为了使这些基于地面的存储系统得到广泛应用，研究人员目前正在开发缩小的试点模型，并改进热量分配控制方法。)”可知，研究人员正在开发具有改进控制的测试模型，以实现该系统的实际应用。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersatKaunasUniversityofTechnology(KTU)havediscoveredaninnovativesolutionbeneathourfeet:usingsoilasanefficientthermalenergy(热能)storagesystem.(考纳斯理工大学(KTU)的研究人员在我们脚下发现了一个创新的解决方案：利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发现可以利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统，所以“脚下的土地：热能储存的新前沿”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheBenefitsofPowerNapsWinstonChurchillsworebythem.AfterpolishingoffaboozylunchandacigartheformerBritishprimeministerwouldclimbintobedforanafternoonnap.Thelastpartofhisregimemaybeworthimitating.____16____Arandomizedcontrolledtrialin2023foundthatnapperswokeupwithimprovementstomood,alertnessandmemory.Nappinghabituallymightalsobewise.Astudyfrom2007foundthathealthyadultswhotookregularnapshada37%lowerriskofdyingfromheartdisease.____17____Sleepscientiststendtoagreethatashort“power”nap,somewherebetweentenand30minutes,isbest.Forexample,in1994NASAfoundthata26-minutepowernapenhancedpilots’performance.Sleepfortoolongandyouenterdeepersleepphasesandwakeupfeelinggroggy.____18____Ameta-analysisin2016concludedthatdailynapslastingmorethananhourincreasedtheriskofdevelopingdiabetes.Somesleepexpertscontendthathumansarebiologicallydisposedtonap.Theypointtoanaturaldipinalertnessaftermidday.____19____Buteventhoughadaytimerestfitsthisnaturalbodyrhythm,peoplestillneedtogetsevenhoursofsoundsleepatnight.Coffeeisapopularantidotetomiddaydrowsiness.____20____Astudypublishedin2008foundpowernapstobemoreeffectivethancaffeineatimprovingalertnessandmemory.“Therestinthemiddleoftheday”,Churchillwrote,“refreshthehumanframefarmorethanalongnight.”Modernsleepexpertsmightnotgosofar.Butifyouhavetimeforacatnap,itcoulddoyousomegood.Justremembertosetanalarm.A.However,thedurationofyournapiscritical.B.Sleepingduringthedayisnotjustforshiftworkersandcats.C.Thisnaturaldipinalertnessmakesabriefdaytimesleepappealing.D.Butresearchsuggestsashortnapmightbeamoreeffectivesolution.E.Moreover,studiesshowsuchshortnapsdonotharmnighttimesleepquality.F.Takinglongernapsonaregularbasiscouldevenhavenegativehealtheffects.G.Therefore,officeworkersshouldbeencouragedtotakenapsduringlunchbreaks.【答案】16.B17.A18.F19.C20.D【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了小睡的好处、最佳时长以及科学依据，并引用丘吉尔的习惯和现代研究来论证午睡对健康和工作效率的积极影响。【16题详析】根据第一段“WinstonChurchillsworebythem.AfterpolishingoffaboozylunchandacigartheformerBritishprimeministerwouldclimbintobedforanafternoonnap.(温斯顿·丘吉尔非常推崇午睡。这位英国前首相在吃完一顿酒足饭饱的午餐、抽完雪茄后，会爬上床午睡)”可推知，此处是在引出午睡并非某些特定群体的专属行为，而是普通人也可以做的事情。Sleepingduringthedayisnotjustforshiftworkersandcats.(白天睡觉不仅仅是轮班工人和猫的专利)符合语境与下文2023年随机对照试验的研究结果形成顺承关系，引出午睡的普遍益处。【17题详析】根据下文“Sleepscientiststendtoagreethatashort“power”nap,somewherebetweentenand30minutes,isbest.(睡眠科学家普遍认为，一次持续10到30分钟的“短暂”小睡最为适宜)”可推知，此处是在强调午睡时长的重要性。However,thedurationofyournapiscritical.(然而，午睡的时长至关重要)承上启下，上文讲午睡的好处，此处转折引出时长问题，与下文科学家对最佳时长的建议相衔接。根据上文“Sleepfortoolongandyouenterdeepersleepphasesandwakeupfeelinggroggy.(睡太久会进入更深的睡眠阶段，醒来会感到昏昏沉沉)”以及下文“Ameta-analysisin2016concludedthatdailynapslastingmorethananhourincreasedtheriskofdevelopingdiabetes.(2016年的一项荟萃分析得出结论，每天午睡超过一小时会增加患糖尿病的风险)”可推知，此处是在说明午睡过长的负面影响。Takinglongernapsonaregularbasiscouldevenhavenegativehealtheffects.(经常长时间午睡甚至可能对健康产生负面影响)与下文关于糖尿病风险的研究结果直接对应。【18题详析】根据上文“Theypointtoanaturaldipinalertnessaftermidday.(他们指出午后警觉性会自然下降)”可推知，此处应承接上文，说明这种自然下降带来的结果。Thisnaturaldipinalertnessmakesabriefdaytimesleepappealing.(这种警觉性的自然下降使短暂的白天睡眠变得有吸引力)中的“Thisnaturaldip”与上文原句形成指代关系，逻辑连贯。【19题详析】根据上文“Coffeeisapopularantidotetomiddaydrowsiness.(咖啡是缓解午后困倦的常用方法)”以及下文“Astudypublishedin2008foundpowernapstobemoreeffectivethancaffeineatimprovingalertnessandmemory.(2008年发表的一项研究发现，小睡比咖啡因在提高警觉性和记忆力方面更有效)”可推知，此处是在对比咖啡和小睡的效果，引出小睡是更好的选择。Butresearchsuggestsashortnapmightbeamoreeffectivesolution.(但研究表明，短暂的小睡可能是更有效的解决方案)与上文咖啡的流行形成转折，并与下文研究结果相呼应。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasfifty-three,theideaofwillinglyimmersingmyselfinmudwasunimaginable.However,a____21____Ijoinedinsixmonthsearlierchangedmyperspective.Thetraineratmygymannouncedshewas____22____fortheMudGirlRun,a5Kobstaclerace____23____towomen,withmoneygoingto____24____cancerresearch.Sheaskedifanyonewantedtojoinherteam.Seeingnobodyrespond,she____25____meout,directlyaskingifIwouldtakepart.“I’llcheckmy____26____,”Isaid.Sheseemedto____27____metoowellandreplied,“Youdon’thaveanythingonyourschedulesixmonthsfromnow.And...Didn’tyoujusttellmeyouwereworkingonabookaboutgettingoutofyourcomfortzoneandsaying‘yes’tonewopportunities?”Corneredbyher____28____,Iagreed.Tomentally____29____,Iwatchedonlinevideosoftheevent,learningthe_____30_____ofseventeenmud-basedobstacles,includingmudpits,steephills,andsandbagstocarry.Onthedayoftherace,Inoticedcountlesspostersandpinkbadgesaroundthesite,supportingbreastcancerresearch.Despitemynerves,Icouldn’thelpbutfeelthe_____31_____ofbeingapartofagroupofwomeninpinkshirtsandcrazywigs(假发).Peoplewereso_____32_____,andthereweremanyothercostumesrepresentingparticulargroups.Hearingtheannouncementsfromtheloudspeakeraboutthestarttime,I_____33_____toconquereachobstacle.Asscheduled,Ihandledeachchallenge,appearingcompletelycakedin_____34_____butsmiling.IhadsomuchfunthatIstartedlookingforother_____35_____inmyarea.21.A.club B.discussion C.conversation D.run22.A.showingoff B.signingup C.takingup D.holdingup23.A.referred B.related C.dedicated D.exposed24.A.lung B.breast C.skin D.blood25.A.singled B.turned C.ruled D.weeded26.A.record B.calendar C.diary D.brochure27.A.blame B.approach C.support D.know28.A.ambition B.anxiety C.favor D.logic29.A.prepare B.slide C.bend D.battle30.A.symbol B.advantage C.details D.significance31.A.regret B.embarrassment C.horror D.honor32.A.creative B.optimistic C.diligent D.courageous33.A.referred B.agreed C.resolved D.offered34.A.dust B.mud C.sand D.soil35.A.resources B.methods C.events D.platforms【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.C【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了作者在五十三岁时，在健身房教练的鼓励下参加了“泥浆女孩跑”这一5公里障碍赛的经历。文章描述了作者从最初对泥浆的抗拒，到最终克服困难、享受比赛并寻找更多类似活动的心路历程。【21题详析】考查名词。句意：然而，我六个月前参加的一场跑步改变了我的看法。A.club俱乐部；B.discussion讨论；C.conversation对话；D.run跑步。根据下文“theMudGirlRun,a5Kobstaclerace(泥浆女孩跑，一场5公里障碍赛)”可推知，作者参加的是一场跑步活动。【22题详析】考查动词短语。句意：我健身房的教练宣布她要报名参加“泥浆女孩跑”比赛，这是一项专为女性举办的5公里障碍赛，所得款项将用于乳腺癌研究。A.showingoff炫耀；B.signingup报名；C.takingup开始从事；D.holdingup举起。根据下文“Sheaskedifanyonewantedtojoinherteam.(她问是否有人想加入她的队伍)可推知，教练是在为比赛报名招募队员。【23题详析】考查动词。句意：我健身房的教练宣布她要报名参加“泥浆女孩跑”比赛，这是一项专为女性举办的5公里障碍赛，所得款项将用于乳腺癌研究。A.referred提及；B.related相关；C.dedicated致力于；D.exposed暴露。根据上文“theMudGirlRun(泥浆女孩跑)”的名称以及下文“beingapartofagroupofwomeninpinkshirts(成为一群穿粉色衬衫女性的一员)”可推知，该比赛是专门为女性举办的。dedicatedto意为“专为……而设”。【24题详析】考查名词。句意：我健身房的教练宣布她要报名参加“泥浆女孩跑”比赛，这是一项专为女性举办的5公里障碍赛，所得款项将用于乳腺癌研究。A.lung肺；B.breast乳房；C.skin皮肤；D.blood血液。根据下文“Inoticedcountlesspostersandpinkbadgesaroundthesite,supportingbreastcancerresearch.(我注意到场地周围无数支持乳腺癌研究的海报和粉色徽章)”可推知，比赛筹集的资金用于乳腺癌研究。【25题详析】考查动词析。句意：看到没有人回应，她把我挑了出来，直接问我是否愿意参加。A.singled挑选；B.turned转变；C.ruled统治；D.weeded除草。根据下文“directlyaskingifIwouldtakepart(直接问我是否愿意参加)”可推知，教练是从人群中挑出了作者。singleout为固定搭配，意为“挑出，选中”。【26题详析】考查名词。句意：“我查一下我的日程安排，”我说。A.record记录；B.calendar日程表；C.diary日记；D.brochure手册。根据下文“Youdon’thaveanythingonyourschedulesixmonthsfromnow.(从现在起六个月你的日程上没有任何安排)”可推知，作者说的是要查看日程安排。【27题详析】考查动词。句意：她似乎对我非常了解，然后回答道：“从现在起六个月你的日程上没有任何安排。而且……你不是刚刚跟我说过，你刚才不是告诉我你正在写一本书，讲的是如何走出舒适区，对新机会说‘是’吗？”A.blame责备；B.approach接近；C.support支持；D.know了解。根据下文“Youdon’thaveanythingonyourschedulesixmonthsfromnow.And...Didn’tyoujusttellmeyouwereworkingonabookaboutgettingoutofyourcomfortzoneandsaying‘yes’tonewopportunities?”可推知，教练非常了解作者的情况。【28题详析】考查名词。句意：被她的逻辑逼到墙角，我同意了。A.ambition雄心；B.anxiety焦虑；C.favor恩惠；D.logic逻辑。根据上文“Youdon’thaveanythingonyourschedulesixmonthsfromnow.And...Didn’tyoujusttellmeyouwereworkingonabookaboutgettingoutofyourcomfortzoneandsaying‘yes’tonewopportunities?”可推知，教练用作者自己的逻辑（写书倡导走出舒适区）来反驳作者的犹豫，逻辑严密让作者无法反驳。【29题详析】考查动词。句意：为了做好心理准备，我观看了该活动的相关视频，了解了包括泥坑、陡峭的山坡和需要搬运沙袋在内的17个泥地障碍的具体细节。A.prepare准备；B.slide滑动；C.bend弯曲；D.battle战斗。根据下文“Iwatchedonlinevideosoftheevent,learningthe____ofseventeenmud-basedobstacles,includingmudpits,steephills,andsandbagstocarry”可推知，作者观看视频是为了心理上做好准备。【30题详析】考查名词析。句意：为了做好心理准备，我观看了该活动的相关视频，了解了包括泥坑、陡峭的山坡和需要搬运沙袋在内的17个泥地障碍的具体细节。A.symbol象征；B.advantage优势；C.details细节；D.significance意义。根据下文“includingmudpits,steephills,andsandbagstocarry(包括泥浆坑、陡坡和要搬运的沙袋)”可推知，作者了解的是各个障碍的具体细节。【31题详析】考查名词析。句意：尽管我内心有些紧张，但还是禁不住为能成为这群身着粉色衬衫、头戴奇形怪状假发的女性中的一员而感到荣幸。A.regret后悔；B.embarrassment尴尬；C.horror恐惧；D.honor荣耀。根据上文“Inoticedcountlesspostersandpinkbadgesaroundthesite,supportingbreastcancerresearch.(我注意到场地周围无数支持乳腺癌研究的海报和粉色徽章)”以及作者参与公益活动的语境可推知，作者感到的是一种荣誉感和使命感。【32题详析】考查形容词。句意：人们非常有创意，还有许多其他代表特定团体的服装。A.creative有创意的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.diligent勤奋的；D.courageous勇敢的。根据下文“thereweremanyothercostumesrepresentingparticulargroups(还有许多其他代表特定团体的服装)”可推知，人们的穿着打扮很有创意。【33题详析】考查动词。句意：听到扩音器里关于开始时间的通知，我决心克服每一个障碍。A.referred提及；B.agreed同意；C.resolved决心；D.offered提供。根据下文“Asscheduled,Ihandledeachchallenge(按计划，我应对了每一个挑战)”可推知，作者在赛前下定决心要完成比赛。resolvetodosth.意为“决心做某事”。【34题详析】考查名词。句意：按照计划，我一一应对了每一个挑战，浑身沾满了泥巴，但脸上却始终挂着微笑。A.dust灰尘；B.mud泥浆；C.sand沙子；D.soil土壤。根据上文“theMudGirlRun(泥浆女孩跑)”以及全文围绕泥浆障碍赛的主题可推知，作者身上沾满的是泥浆。【35题详析】考查名词。句意：我玩得非常开心，于是就开始寻找我所在地区其他的活动了。A.resources资源；B.methods方法；C.events活动；D.platforms平台。根据上文“Ihadsomuchfun(我玩得非常开心)”可推知，作者因为享受这次比赛经历，所以想寻找更多类似的活动。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正