四川省德阳市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省德阳市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisiswhereyoucanexploreunknownandthemostinterestingfactsaboutourlivingplanet,theuniverse,andpeople’slifestyles.Herearesometopunmissablefestivalsfromaroundtheworld.RioCarnival,BrazilItisafive-dayfestivalwhichtakesplacefortydaysbeforeEaster.RiodeJaneirohasearneditstitleastheCarnivalcapitaloftheworldwithitsfamoussambadancing,colourfuleye-catchingclothesandlivemusic.HoliFestival,IndiaHoliisaHinduspringfestival,alsoknownasthe“festivalofcolours”.Itisasignofthevictoryofgoodoverevil,theendofwinter,andthearrivalofspring.Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather,singanddance,Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.St.Patrick’sDay,IrelandHeldonMarch17everyyear,itisacelebrationtomarkthedeathofIreland’spatronsaint(守护神)SaintPatrick.Since1996,anentirefestivalofparades,fireworksaswellasfoodanddrinkshassurroundedthecelebration.Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances,watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage(遗产)andculture.BurningManFestival,UnitedStatesAsaweek-longeventattheendofAugustintheBlackRockDesertofNevada,itattractstensofthousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.TicketstoBurningManarenotcheap.Butonceyou’rethere,youwillsurelyhaveanunforgettableexperience.Themaineventisburningalargewoodenstatue(雕像)onSaturdaynight,followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong.21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTpresentedonSt.Patrick’sDay?A.Traditionalsongsanddances. B.Streettheatreperformances.C.Traditionalartshows. D.Greenclothes.22.Whichfestivallaststhelongestincelebration?A.RioCarnival. B.HoliFestival.C.St.Patrick’sDay. D.BurningManFestival.23.Whatdothefestivalshaveincommon?A.Thereisnoneedtobuytickets.B.Peoplearealldressedintraditionalclothes.C.Danceisacommonwaytocelebrate.D.Theycentreonspecificreligiouscustoms.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【语篇解读】文章介绍了世界各地四个特色节日的时间、习俗与独特庆祝方式。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland部分中“Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances,watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage(遗产)andculture.(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街头戏剧表演，并穿上全绿色的衣服来庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化。)”可知，圣帕特里克节的活动包括传统歌舞、街头戏剧表演和穿绿色衣服，文中未提及传统艺术展。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据RioCarnival,Brazil部分中“Itisafive-dayfestival(这是一个为期五天的节日)”可知，里约狂欢节持续5天；根据HoliFestival,India部分中“Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather,singanddance,Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.(洒红节以一个夜间篝火活动开始，人们聚集在一起唱歌跳舞；第二天，人们通过互相抛洒彩色粉末和泼水来庆祝。)”可知，洒红节持续2天；根据St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland部分中“HeldonMarch17everyyear(每年3月17日举行)”可知，圣帕特里克节持续1天；根据BurningManFestival,UnitedStates部分中“Asaweek-longevent(作为一个为期一周的活动)”可知，火人节持续7天。因此火人节持续时间最长。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据RioCarnival,Brazil部分中“itsfamoussambadancing(其著名的桑巴舞)”、HoliFestival,India部分中“peoplegather,singanddance(人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞)”、St.Patrick’sDay,Ireland部分中“Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈)”、BurningManFestival,UnitedStates部分中“followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong(随后是一场持续整晚的大型舞会)”可知，跳舞是这些节日共同的庆祝方式。BQuietlysitingtherereading,Ifoundmyselfsuddenlylisteningtothetrainguard’sannouncement.Traintravelerswillsurelyagreethatwhentheguardmakesanannouncement,whetherit’stherecordedmessageortheguard’smessage,fewpeoplelistentoit,becauseit’softenquitedullorhardtounderstand.Thisonewasdifferent.Inoticedthatotherpassengersappearedtobelistening,too.Notonlythat,everyonewassmiling!Whywassomuchattentionbeingpaidtothismessage?AsbestIcanrecall,theguardsaidsomethingalongtheselines,“GoodMorningLadies,GentlemenandChildren,thisisthe7:35a.m.fromPenrithtoCentralandyou’llbepleasedtoknowthatwearerightontime.AndwhatalovelymorningitisinSydneytoday.Thesunisshining,birdsaresinging,andall’srightwiththeworld.Itrustyouhaveagreatdaywhereveryou’regoing.ThanksforcatchingmytrainthismorningandIhopetoseeyouagainsoon.”Quiteafewpeople(obviouslypreviousstrangers)startedtalkingtooneanotherabouttheguard’sexcellentmessageandhowgoodithadmadeeveryonefeel.Istartedthinkingaboutthis,andthenIfoundtheyoungguardandsaid“Wereyoutheguardonthe7:35a.m.fromPenrith?”Theguardseemedabitstunnedatfirst,replying,“Yes,yyyyes.”“Well,Ireallyappreciateyourannouncement.Thankyouforyourextremelygoodmessage,whichgavemeandtheotherpassengerssuchagoodstarttotheday.Pleasekeepdoingit.”Isaid.Therearetwomessagesformeinwhathappenedthatday.Firstly,whenpeoplearehappyintheirworkitshowsinwhattheydoandsay.Secondly,thestoryattachesmuchimportanceto(非常重视)thebenefits(好处)thatgetfromthankingpeopleforsomethingthey’vedone,particularlywhenit’snotexpected.Canyouimaginetheconversationthatguardwouldhavewhenhegothome?24.Whydofewtraintravelerslistentotheannouncements?A.Theyusuallyfeelsleepy. B.Themessagesareunattractive.C.Theguard’svoiceisnotclear. D.Theyareabsorbedinbooks.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”inParagraph3mean?A.Patient. B.Cautious. C.Excited. D.Surprised.26.Whatmighttheguardtalkaboutwithhisfamilywhenhegothome?A.Thebeautifulweather. B.Therecordedmessage.C.ThetrainfromPenrith. D.Theunexpectedappreciation.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ABoringTrainStory B.AnIntelligentGuardC.ADifferentTrainAnnouncement D.ALovelyMorninginSydney【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一次特别的火车广播通知给乘客们带来了愉快的感受。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Traintravelerswillsurelyagreethatwhentheguardmakesanannouncement,whetherit’stherecordedmessageortheguard’smessage,fewpeoplelistentoit,becauseit’softenquitedullorhardtounderstand.(火车旅客一定会同意，当列车员发布通知时，无论是录音信息还是列车员本人的信息，很少有人听，因为它通常很枯燥或难以理解。)”可知，很少有火车旅客听广播通知是因为广播内容没有吸引力。故选B项。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Theguardseemedabitstunnedatfirst,replying,“Yes,yyyyes.”(列车员一开始似乎有点stunned，回答说：“是是是的。”)”可知，列车员一开始显得很惊讶，说话都紧张起来，说明stunned的意思是“惊讶的”。故选D项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Secondly,thestoryattachesmuchimportancetothebenefitsthatgetfromthankingpeopleforsomethingthey’vedone,particularlywhenit’snotexpected.Canyouimaginetheconversationthatguardwouldhavewhenhegothome.(其次，这个故事非常重视感谢别人所做事情带来的好处，特别是当这是意想不到的时候。你能想象那个列车员到家后会和家人进行的对话吗？)”可知，当列车员到家后，他可能会和家人谈论的是意想不到的赞赏。故选D项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Quietlysitingtherereading,Ifoundmyselfsuddenlylisteningtothetrainguard’sannouncement.(静静地坐在那里看书，我突然发现自己正在听列车员的广播通知。)”和“Thisonewasdifferent.(这个不一样。)”可知，主要围绕一次特别的火车广播通知展开，讲述了这个通知给乘客们带来的愉快感受。由此可知，C项“一个不同的火车广播通知”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。CThepupilsinPaulaMerrigan’skindergarten(幼儿园)classoftencallherMom,orsometimesevenGrandma,partlybecauseMerriganensuresallthechildrenaregreetedwithabigsmilewhentheyentertheclassroominthemorning.Sheworkswitheverysingleoneofthemone-on-oneatsomepointduringtheday,andshe’sgenerouswithpraise,hugs,andaffection.“Whensmallchildrentellyoutheyloveyou,sayitbacktothem,”saidtheteacher.“It’simportantforeverychildtofeeltheirteachercaresaboutthemandthatschoolisalwaysasecure(安全的)placetostay.Whentheyknowyoutrulycareaboutthem,theywanttodotheirbestforyou,becausethey’reseekingyourapproval.”Merriganalsoletsthechildrentellhertheirstoriestolearnwhatthey’repassionate(热情的)about.“Whenyoulearnaboutcertainthingstheylikeandtiethemtoyourtopic,theyloveit,”shesaid.“Maybethechildrentoldyouthattheyreallylikedinosaurssowhenyou’reteachingtheletter‘D’,youcreateadinosaurartprojecttogowithit.”Consideringseparationanxietyhitsmanyyoungstershardwhentheyenterthekindergartenclassroom,howchildrenfeelatthebeginningoftheirschoolingcansetthetonefortherestoftheiracademiclife,expertssay.“Thisisimportantforlittleonesbecausethisisoftenthefirsttimethatthey’reexperiencingformaleducation,”saidHedyChang,executivedirectorofAttendanceWorks,anonprofitworkingtoboost(促进)studentattendance.“Whathappensduringthistimecanhelplaythefoundationforsocialandacademicsuccess.”Researchersfoundstudentsofallageswhomissanexcessiveamountofschooloftensufferfrommentalissues:Theymayneedtofeelnurtured,expertssay.“Tothedegreethatparentskeepkidshomefromschoolbecausethekidssaytheydon’twanttogo,”saidDeborahStipek,anexpertfromStanfordUniversity,“children’srelationshipwiththeteachershouldbeanimportantfactor.”Merrigan,whoherselfremembersfakingbeingsickafewtimesasachild,couldn’tagreemore.28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawayMerriganusestoconnectwithchildren?A.Workingone-on-onewitheachchild. B.Givingpraise,hugs,andaffection.C.Lettingchildrensharetheirstories. D.Givinglotsofhomeworktokeepthembusy.29.WhatisMerrigan’sclasslike?A.Warm,supportive,andengaging. B.Comfortable,quietandtest-score-driven.C.Lovingandteacher-centered. D.Caringandfocusedonpersonalwork.30.WhydoesMerriganlistentoherstudents’personalstories?A.Tolearnaboutchildren’sbehaviorpatterns.B.Tohelpwithexactgradingandassessments(评价).C.Toeasilymanagepossibleclassroomdifferences.D.Tomakeherstudentsmorefocusedonherlessons.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ManagingParentalSeparationAnxiety. B.attendanceandAcademic(学业的)Achievement.C.CreativeKindergartenTeachingMethods. D.DevelopingEmotionalConnectionsinKindergartens.【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PaulaMerrigan老师通过亲切互动、情感关怀以及结合学生兴趣教学等方式，在幼儿园与孩子们建立深厚情感联系。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sheworkswitheverysingleoneofthemone-on-oneatsomepointduringtheday,andshe’sgenerouswithpraise,hugs,andaffection.(她每天都会在某个时间点和每个孩子一对一地交流，而且她很慷慨地给予表扬、拥抱和关爱。)”以及第三段中“Merriganalsoletsthechildrentellhertheirstoriestolearnwhatthey’repassionate(热情的)about.(Merrigan还让孩子们给她讲他们的故事，以了解他们热衷于什么。)”可知，Merrigan用来与孩子们建立联系的方法有：与每个孩子一对一地工作；给予赞美、拥抱和关爱；让孩子们分享他们的故事。而在文中并未提及布置大量作业让他们忙起来。故选D。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Sheworkswitheverysingleoneofthemone-on-oneatsomepointduringtheday,andshe’sgenerouswithpraise,hugs,andaffection.(她每天都会在某个时间点和每个孩子一对一地交流，而且她很慷慨地给予表扬、拥抱和关爱。)”以及第三段“Merriganalsoletsthechildrentellhertheirstoriestolearnwhatthey’repassionate(热情的)about.“Whenyoulearnaboutcertainthingstheylikeandtiethemtoyourtopic,theyloveit,”shesaid.“Maybethechildrentoldyouthattheyreallylikedinosaurssowhenyou’reteachingtheletter‘D’,youcreateadinosaurartprojecttogowithit.”(Merrigan还会让孩子们给她讲故事，借此了解他们热衷的事物。她说道：“当你知道了孩子们喜欢的东西，再把这些东西和教学主题结合起来，他们会特别感兴趣。比如，如果孩子跟你说他们很喜欢恐龙，那你教字母‘D’的时候，就可以设计一个恐龙主题的美术活动来配合教学。”)”可推知，Merrigan的课堂是温暖、支持性和吸引人的。故选A。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Merriganalsoletsthechildrentellhertheirstoriestolearnwhatthey’repassionate(热情的)about.“Whenyoulearnaboutcertainthingstheylikeandtiethemtoyourtopic,theyloveit,”shesaid.“Maybethechildrentoldyouthattheyreallylikedinosaurssowhenyou’reteachingtheletter‘D’,youcreateadinosaurartprojecttogowithit.”(Merrigan还会让孩子们给她讲故事，借此了解他们热衷的事物。她说道：“当你知道了孩子们喜欢的东西，再把这些东西和教学主题结合起来，他们会特别感兴趣。比如，如果孩子跟你说他们很喜欢恐龙，那你教字母‘D’的时候，就可以设计一个恐龙主题的美术活动来配合教学。”)”可知，Merrigan听学生们讲个人故事是为了让她的学生更专注于她的课程。故选D。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“ThepupilsinPaulaMerrigan’skindergarten(幼儿园)classoftencallherMom,orsometimesevenGrandma,partlybecauseMerriganensuresallthechildrenaregreetedwithabigsmilewhentheyentertheclassroominthemorning.(PaulaMerrigan幼儿园班上的孩子们经常叫她妈妈，有时甚至叫奶奶，部分原因是Merrigan确保所有孩子早上进入教室时都能得到一个大大的微笑。)”可知，本文主要讲述了PaulaMerrigan老师如何通过亲切互动、情感关怀以及结合学生兴趣教学等方式，在幼儿园与孩子们建立深厚情感联系。因此，最佳标题为“DevelopingEmotionalConnectionsinKindergartens.(在幼儿园建立情感联系。)”。故选D。DImagineachameleon(变色龙)standingonarainbow.Witheverystep,itchangescolor,tryingtomatchitssurroundings.Butthemoreittries,themoreconfuseditgets.Isitred,blue,orgreen?Thisisthedilemma(困境)manyteenagersfacetoday—shiftingidentitiesinanattempttobelong.PsychologistErikEriksondescribedadolescenceasastageof“identityvs.roleconfusion.”It’satimewhenyoungpeoplestrugglewithquestionsabouttheirvalues,purpose,andself-worth.Takeagirlforexample,a16-year-oldstudentnamedWanjikuinNairobi.Athome,herparentsremindhertomaintainculturalvalues—dressmodestly,respectelders,andpursuea“practical”careerlikemedicineorlaw.Atschool,herpeerslaughatherfornotbeing“cool”enoughbecauseshedoesn’tfollowthelatestTikToktrendsorweardesignersneakers.Wanjikufeelslikeachameleon,constantlychangingtofitintospaceswheresheneverfeelstrulyaccepted.Thistug-of-war(拔河)betweenculturalexpectationsandglobalinfluencesisadefiningaspectoftheidentitycrisisformanyteenagers.Urbanteensstrugglewithbalancingtraditionandmodernity,whilethoseinruralareasfeelleftbehindinadigitalagetheycanbarelyaccess.Addpeerpressureandacademicexpectationstothemix,andthesearchforidentitybecomesevenmorechallenging.Thegoodnewsisthateveryteenagerhasthepotentialtoovercomethiscrisisandfindtheirtrueself.Likeatreebendinginthewind,theymayshakeunderpressurebutcangrowstrongerwiththerightsupport.Teensneedtounderstandthattheirworthisn’tdeterminedbyothers’opinions.Activitieslikejournalingcanhelpthemreflectontheirvalues,passionsandstrengths.Parentsandteacherscanguideteenagerstowarddiscoveringtheirtrueselves.Teachingteenagerstocriticallyanalyzesocialmediacanprotectthemfromfallingintothetrapofcomparison.32.Whydoestheauthormentionachameleoninthebeginning?A.Toraiseaquestion.B.Topresentanargument.C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Tochallengeapopularbelief.33.WhathascausedconfusionforWanjiku?A.Thechangingvaluesincultureandsociety.B.Theburningdesiretofollowthelatesttrend.C.Theconflictingexpectationsfromdifferentgroups.D.Theongoingpressuretoachieveacademicsuccess.34.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theidentitycrisisfacingteenagers.B.Thenegativeimpactofglobalization.C.Thechallengepresentedbyadigitalage.D.Thestrugglebetweentraditionandmodernity.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdealingwiththeproblem?A.Doubtful. B.Uncertain.C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.【答案】32.C33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过变色龙的例子引出青少年的身份认同危机，并详细描述了造成这种危机的各种因素，最后提出了克服这种危机的方法和建议。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Imagineachameleon(变色龙)standingonarainbow.Witheverystep,itchangescolor,tryingtomatchitssurroundings.Butthemoreittries,themoreconfuseditgets.Isitred,blue,orgreen?Thisisthedilemma(困境)manyteenagersfacetoday—shiftingidentitiesinanattempttobelong.(想象一只变色龙站在彩虹上。每走一步，它都会变色，试图与周围的环境相匹配。但它越努力，就越困惑。它是红色、蓝色还是绿色？这是许多青少年今天面临的困境——为了融入而不断改变自己的身份。)”可知，作者通过描述变色龙不断改变颜色以适应环境却愈发困惑的情景，引出了青少年在身份认同上的困境这一话题。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Athome,herparentsremindhertomaintainculturalvalues—dressmodestly,respectelders,andpursuea“practical”careerlikemedicineorlaw.Atschool,herpeerslaughatherfornotbeing“cool”enoughbecauseshedoesn’tfollowthelatestTikToktrendsorweardesignersneakers.(在家里，她的父母提醒她要保持文化价值观——穿着要朴素，要尊重长辈，要追求像医学或法律这样的“实用”职业。在学校，她的同龄人嘲笑她不够“酷”，因为她不追赶最新的TikTok潮流，也不穿名牌运动鞋。)”可知，Wanjiku的困惑来自于家庭和学校中不同群体对她的期望产生了冲突。故选C项。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thistug-of-war(拔河)betweenculturalexpectationsandglobalinfluencesisadefiningaspectoftheidentitycrisisformanyteenagers.Urbanteensstrugglewithbalancingtraditionandmodernity,whilethoseinruralareasfeelleftbehindinadigitalagetheycanbarelyaccess.Addpeerpressureandacademicexpectationstothemix,andthesearchforidentitybecomesevenmorechallenging.(这种文化期望和全球影响之间的拉锯战是许多青少年身份危机的决定性方面。城市青少年在传统与现代之间挣扎，而农村青少年则在这个他们几乎无法接触到的数字时代感到被落下。再加上同伴压力和学业期望，寻找身份变得更加具有挑战性。)”可知，第三段主要讨论了青少年面临的身份认同危机，包括文化期望与全球影响的冲突、城乡青少年在传统与现代之间的挣扎，以及同伴压力和学业期望对身份认同的影响。故选A项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thegoodnewsisthateveryteenagerhasthepotentialtoovercomethiscrisisandfindtheirtrueself.Likeatreebendinginthewind,theymayshakeunderpressurebutcangrowstrongerwiththerightsupport.(好消息是，每个青少年都有潜力克服这场危机，找到真正的自我。就像一棵在风中弯曲的树，它们可能会在压力下摇晃，但在适当的支持下可以变得更强大。)”可知，作者认为每个青少年都有潜力克服身份认同危机，找到真正的自我，并在适当的支持下变得更强大。由此可推知，作者对于青少年克服身份认同危机持乐观态度。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Knowinghowtouseafireextinguisher(灭火器)couldsavelivesinanemergency.Inthisarticle,we’llteachyouhowtofollowthePASSmethodofputtingoutafireaswellasothersafetyprecautionsandmeasures.Directsomeonetocall911orcallthemyourself____36____.Then,tellsomebodytocallthefiredepartmentoncethatpersonissafelyoutside.Evenifyou’reabletoextinguishthefireonyourown,it’sbesttohavethefiredepartmentonthewayincasesomethinghappens.LocatethenearestexitandstandwithyourbacktoitBeforeusingafireextinguisher,it’simportanttotakesomesafetyprecautions.Locatetheclosestexitandpositionyourselfsoyourbackistowardit.____37____.UsethePASSstrategyEveryfireextinguisherhasapinpressedinthehandlethatpreventsthefireextinguisherfrombeingdischarged(排放)byaccident.Pullthepinoutfromthesideofthehandle.Holdthelowerhandlewithonehandandgrabthehose(软管)withtheother.____38____.Squeezethehandlestogether,applyingslowandevenpressure.Sweepthehosefromsidetosideoverthebaseofthefirewhilesqueezingthehandles.Moveclosertothefireastheflamesdiedown.____39____.Thisincludesanysignthatcanrestartthefire.____40____Theaverageextinguisherwillhaveenoughagentinsideforabout10secondsofuse.Backawayandleaveimmediatelyifthefireisn’toutwhentheextinguisherisfullydischarged.A.GeteverybodyoutoftheareafirstB.ContinuedischarginguntilthefiregoesoutC.AimthehosedirectlyatthebaseofthefireD.BackawayslightlyiftheflamesstartedburningagainE.Leaveimmediatelyifyou’reunabletoextinguishthefireF.FireextinguishersarenotmeanttofightlargeorgrowingfiresG.Thiswillmakeiteasiertoescapeifyouhavetoleavequicklyinanemergency【答案】36.A37.G38.C39.B40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何使用灭火器灭火的方法及在灭火过程中应注意的安全事项。【36题详析】根据下文“Then,tellsomebodytocallthefiredepartmentoncethatpersonissafelyoutside.Evenifyou’reabletoextinguishthefireonyourown,it’sbesttohavethefiredepartmentonthewayincasesomethinghappens.(然后，一旦那个人安全到达室外，就让他/她打电话给消防部门。即使你自己能够扑灭火灾，最好也让消防部门赶来，以防发生意外。)”可知，本段强调在灭火前要确保人员安全，A选项“Geteverybodyoutoftheareafirst(首先让所有人都离开该区域)”中“Geteverybodyout”对应下文“safelyoutside”，强调首先要确保人员安全，是下文“告诉某人在安全出去后拨打消防部门电话”的前提。故选A项。【37题详析】根据上文“Beforeusingafireextinguisher,it’simportanttotakesomesafetyprecautions.Locatetheclosestexitandpositionyourselfsoyourbackistowardit.(使用灭火器前，采取一些安全预防措施很重要。找到最近的出口，并将自己置于背靠出口的位置。)”可知，本段强调在使用灭火器前要找到最近的出口并背对出口，G选项“Thiswillmakeiteasiertoescapeifyouhavetoleavequicklyinanemergency(这样在紧急情况下需要快速离开时会更容易逃生)”承接上文，解释了为什么要背对出口，即为了在紧急情况下快速逃生。故选G项。【38题详析】根据上文“Pullthepinoutfromthesideofthehandle.Holdthelowerhandlewithonehandandgrabthehosewiththeother.(从手柄侧面拔出插销。一只手握住下方的手柄，另一只手抓住软管。)”以及下文“Squeezethehandlestogether,applyingslowandevenpressure.(一起挤压把手，施加缓慢而均匀的压力。)”可知，本段在介绍使用灭火器的步骤，C选项“Aimthehosedirectlyatthebaseofthefire(将软管直接对准火源底部)”承上启下，是拔出插销、握住把手和软管后的下一步操作，即对准火源底部，且与下文“挤压把手”的动作相衔接。故选C项。【39题详析】根据上文“Sweepthehosefromsidetosideoverthebaseofthefirewhilesqueezingthehandles.Moveclosertothefireastheflamesdiedown.(在挤压把手的同时，将软管在火源底部左右扫动。随着火焰减弱，靠近火源。)”以及下文“Thisincludesanysignthatcanrestartthefire.(这包括任何可能导致复燃的迹象。)”可知，本段在介绍灭火时的具体操作，B选项“Continuedischarginguntilthefiregoesout(继续喷射直到火完全熄灭)”承接上文“扫射灭火”的动作，强调“灭火彻底”的要求，“untilthefiregoesout”与下文“防止复燃”相呼应，说明持续喷射是为了避免火灾重启。故选B项。【40题详析】根据下文“Theaverageextinguisherwillhaveenoughagentinsideforabout10secondsofuse.Backawayandleaveimmediatelyifthefireisn’toutwhentheextinguisherisfullydischarged.(普通灭火器内部的灭火剂足够使用约10秒。若灭火剂用完后火仍未扑灭，需立即后退并撤离。)”可知，本段强调如果灭火器喷完后火还没有熄灭，要立即离开，E选项“Leaveimmediatelyifyou’reunabletoextinguishthefire(如果你无法灭火，立即离开)”概括了本段主旨，明确灭火失败后的应急措施，即无法灭火时要立即离开，适合作为段落小标题。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节；满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Weweresittinginthedoctor’swaitingroomwhenmyfathersaidsomethingthat___41___me,“Areyoumydaughterormysister?”MyheartbrokeasIstaredathim.ThedoctortoldusmyfatherhadAlzheimer’sdisease(老年性失智症).Itwasabig___42___forme.Iwasfacingabattleontwofronts,emotionalandphysical,andIwas___43___forit.Thediseasedidn’ttakehimawaysuddenly.Instead,itslowly___44___him.Itmademesadtowatchmyfatherhidehis___45___toreadtheclock.Asthediseasecontinuedtodevelop,hisbehaviorsbecame___46___.Wehadtofaceanotherpainfulfact—wecouldnolongerprovidemyfatherwiththelevelof___47___tokeephimsafeathome.He___48___tomovetoaskillednursinghome.Babiesarebornhelpless;parentskeepon___49___.Childrengrowupandlearnthatrelationshipsarereciprocal(相互的).However,theparent-childrelationshipisn’t____50____.Theparentsremainthegiver,andthechildrenremainthetaker.Thatisthenaturalorderoftheworld—____51____thechildbecomestheparents’caregiver.Whena(n)____52____appears,wecandosomethingtochangethefact.____53____,myfatherisaliveandtakengoodcareofinthenursinghome.Ifhecangetthroughtheillness,thenIcan____54____it.Iwillgivehimeverythinghedeserves(应得)tohaveasagreatfather.Andwewillbeawarded(奖励)a(n)____55____futurebydoingourbest.41.A.satisfied B.cheated C.excited D.saddened42.A.chance B.goal C.plan D.challenge43.A.ready B.brave C.unprepared D.fit44.A.gotusedto B.makeuseof C.tookholdof D.paidattentionto45.A.happiness B.inability C.courage D.power46.A.normal B.strange C.pleasant D.secret47.A.love B.advice C.trust D.care48.A.expected B.refused C.needed D.feared49.A.giving B.lying C.guessing D.explaining50.A.following B.changing C.connecting D.passing51.A.since B.if C.although D.until52.A.mistake B.problem C.help D.idea53.A.Easily B.Clearly C.Fortunately D.Quickly54.A.make B.forget C.have D.recognize55.A.uncertain B.safe C.interesting D.bright【答案】41.D42.D43.C44.C45.B46.B47.D48.C49.A50.B51.D52.B53.C54.A55.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲得了老年痴呆症，行为变得怪异，不得不把父亲送往专门的疗养院。作者承诺如果父亲能挺过这场疾病，一定给他作为一位伟大的父亲应得的一切。【41题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们坐在医生的候诊室里，父亲说了一些让我难过的话。A.satisfied使满意；B.cheated欺骗；C.excited使激动；D.saddened使难过。根据下文“Areyoumydaughterormysister?(你是我女儿还是我妹妹？)”以及“MyheartbrokeasIstaredathim(我看着他，心碎了)”可知，作者的父亲说了让作者感到难过的话，故选D项。【42题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一个很大的挑战。A.chance机会；B.goal目标；C.plan计划；D.challenge挑战。根据上文“ThedoctortoldusmyfatherhadAlzheimer’sdisease(医生告诉我们我父亲患有老年痴呆症)”以及下文“Iwasfacingabattleontwofronts,emotionalandphysical(我面临着两条战线的战斗，情感和身体)”可知，作者的父亲得了老年痴呆症，作者面临着情感上和身体上的双重折磨，对作者来说，这是一个很大的挑战，故选D项。【43题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我面临着一场情感和身体两方面的战斗，对此我毫无准备。A.ready准备好的；B.brave勇敢的；C.unprepared没有准备的；D.fit健壮的。根据上文“MyheartbrokeasIstaredathim(我看着他，心碎了)”可知，作者对父亲的病毫无准备，故选C项。【44题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，它慢慢地控制住了他。A.gotusedto适应；B.makeuseof利用；C.tookholdof控制住；D.paidattentionto注意。根据下文“Asthediseasecontinuedtodevelop(随着疾病的持续恶化)”可知，父亲的病持续恶化，慢慢地控制住了它，故选C项。【45题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着父亲掩饰自己看不懂钟表的事实，我很难过。A.happiness幸福；B.inability无能；C.courage勇气；D.power权力。根据上文“Itmademesad(这让我很难过)”以及下文“readtheclock(读钟表)”可推理出，作者的父亲因病失去了读懂钟表的能力，这让作者感到很难过，故选B项。【46题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着疾病的持续发展，他的行为变得奇怪。A.normal正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.pleasant令人愉快的；D.secret秘密的。根据下文“movetoaskillednursinghome(搬到专门的疗养院)”以及“wecouldnolongerprovidemyfatherwiththelevelof…tokeephimsafeathome(我们再也无法为我父亲提供足够的……来保证他在家的安全)”可知，此处上下文说的是随着父亲的疾病恶化，他的行为也开始变化，导致需要搬到专门的疗养院以确保父亲的安全，分析选项，B项“strange奇怪的”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不面对另一个痛苦的事实——我们再也无法为我父亲提供足够的护理来保证他在家的安全。A.love爱；B.advice建议；C.trust信任；D.care护理。根据上文“Asthediseasecontinuedtodevelop,hisbehaviorsbecamestrange(随着疾病的持续恶化，他的行为变得奇怪)”以及下文“movetoaskillednursinghome(搬到专门的疗养院)”可推理出随着父亲的疾病恶化，他的行为也开始变化，作者不得不把父亲送到专门的疗养院以确保父亲的安全，可推理出，作者认为自己的护理水平不够，故选D项。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要搬到一家技术娴熟的疗养院。A.expected期待；B.refused拒绝；C.needed需要；D.feared害怕。根据上文“wecouldnolongerprovidemyfatherwiththelevelofcaretokeephimsafeathome(我们再也无法为我父亲提供足够的护理来保证他在家的安全)”可知，随着父亲的疾病恶化，作者认为父亲的病情需要到专门的疗养院以确保安全，故选C项。【49题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：婴儿生来无助；父母不断给予。A.giving给予；B.lying撒谎；C.guessing猜；D.explaining解释。根据下文“Theparentsremainthegiver,andthechildrenremainthetaker.(父母仍然是给予者，孩子仍然是接受者。)”可知，此处上下文说的是父母一直在给予，故选A项。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，亲子关系并没有改变。A.following跟随；B.changing改变；C.connecting连接；D.passing通过。根据下文“Theparentsremainthegiver,andthechildrenremainthetaker.(父母仍然是给予者，孩子仍然是接受者。)”可知此处上下文说的是亲子关系没有改变，故选B项。【51题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是世界的自然秩序——直到孩子成为父母的照顾者。A.since自从；B.if如果；C.although尽管；D.until到……为止。分析句子结构，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，根据上文“Theparentsremainthegiver,andthechildrenremainthetaker.Thatisthenaturalorderoftheworld(父母仍然是给予者，孩子仍然是接受者。这是世界的自然秩序)”以及下文“thechildbecomestheparents’caregiver(孩子成为父母的照顾者)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“到……为止”含义的连词，故选D项。【52题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当问题出现时，我们可以采取措施来改变事实。A.mistake错误；B.problem问题；C.help帮助；D.idea观点。根据上文“Asthediseasecontinuedtodevelop,hisbehaviorsbecamestrange(随着疾病的持续恶化，他的行为变得奇怪)”以及“movetoaskillednursinghome(搬到专门的疗养院)”可知作者的父亲病情恶化，问题出现后，作者找到了专门的疗养院给父亲治病，可推理出，此处上下文说的是当问题出现的时候，我们可以采取措施来改变事实，故选B项。【53题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我父亲还活着，在疗养院受到了很好的照顾。A.Easily容易地；B.Clearly清晰地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Quickly快速地。根据下文“myfatherisaliveandtakengoodcareofinthenursinghome(我父亲还活着，在疗养院受到了很好的照顾)”可知，作者认为自己的父亲依然活着，而且在疗养院得到了很好地照顾，认为很幸运，故选C项。【54题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他能挺过去，那么我说到做到。A.make使成功；B.forget忘记；C.have有；D.recognize认出。根据下文“Iwillgivehimeverythinghedeservesto