黑龙江省哈尔滨2025-2026学年高一下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省哈尔滨2025-2026学年高一下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ARichardHosfordfulfilledanambitionoffoundingamusicfestivalinhishomecountyin1991.Richardsaid,“Atthattime,myaimwastocreateafestivalwithaninformalatmosphereandthehighestpossibleartisticstandards.”ThefestivalwasfirstplannedinCanonRayNichols.TheGaudierEnsemble(乐团),ofwhichRichardisamember,hasreturnedeachyeartoperformawiderangeofchambermusic(室内乐)atthefestival.Richardsaid,“Overmanyyearswehavebuiltaspecialrelationshipwithouraudience.Teachingandencouragingaloveofmusicareimportantelementsofthefestival,whichhasalwaysincludedaconcertforchildren,andnowrunsclassesforpromisingyounglocalmusicians.ArrivingfromacrossEurope,themembersoftheEnsemblestaywithhostsinthevillageandenjoymakingmusicwitholdfriendsinthewonderfulSt.Mary’sChurch.”TheeventisnowanestablishedfavoriteontheSouthWestmusicfestivalsceneandthisyearwillmarkits25thyearwithaprogrammethatincludespiecesbyMozart,Francaix,SchubertandBruchfromDec9toDec12.Therewillalsobealate-nightconcertoflightAmericangemsbyGershwin,afamilyconcertandanewcommissionbypoetandbroadcasterJamesCrowdenandLillieHarrisfromtheRoyalCollegeofMusic.ThefestivalwillalsowelcomeagroupofrecentRoyalCollegeofMusicstudentswhowillperformalongsidetheGaudierEnsembleatsomeconcertsandworkwithtalentedlocalmusicalyoungsters.Formoreinformationaboutthefestival,visitcerneabbasmusicfestival.co.uk.Bookingformsarealsoavailableatlocaltouristinformationcentresorbycalling07527528673.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theinformationaboutthemusicfestival. B.Theinformationaboutmusicians.C.TheinformationaboutRichardHosford. D.Theinformationabouttheconcert.2.WhencanpeopleenjoythemusicofSchubert?A.OnDec3. B.OnDec8. C.OnDec10. D.OnDec16.3.Howcanwegetmoreinformationaboutthefestival?A.Bygoingtothelocaltouristinformationcenters. B.Bycalling07527528673.C.Byvisitingcerneabbasmusicfestival.co.uk. D.Bygoingtothefestivaldirectly.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍RichardHosford于1991年创办的音乐节，氛围轻松、艺术水准高，有室内乐演出与音乐教育活动。今年为25周年，于12月9—12日举办，可通过官网获取详情。【1题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“RichardHosfordfulfilledanambitionoffoundingamusicfestivalinhishomecountyin1991.Richardsaid,“Atthattime,myaimwastocreateafestivalwithaninformalatmosphereandthehighestpossibleartisticstandards.”(理查德·霍斯福德于1991年实现了在自己家乡县举办音乐节的夙愿。理查德说道：“当时，我的目标是打造一个氛围轻松、艺术水准最高的音乐节。”)”结合本文介绍RichardHosford于1991年创办的音乐节，氛围轻松、艺术水准高，有室内乐演出与音乐教育活动。今年为25周年，于12月9—12日举办，可通过官网获取详情。可知，这篇文章主要讲了关于音乐节的信息。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheeventisnowanestablishedfavoriteontheSouthWestmusicfestivalsceneandthisyearwillmarkits25thyearwithaprogrammethatincludespiecesbyMozart,Francaix,SchubertandBruchfromDec9toDec12.(该活动如今已成为西南音乐节上备受喜爱的项目之一。今年将是其举办25周年，届时将上演一系列曲目，包括莫扎特、弗兰卡克斯、舒伯特和布鲁赫的作品，演出时间从12月9日持续至12月12日)”可知，12月10日能欣赏舒伯特的音乐。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Formoreinformationaboutthefestival,visitcerneabbasmusicfestival.co.uk.(欲了解更多关于该音乐节的信息，请访问cerneabbasmusicfestival.co.uk)”可知，通过访问cerneabbasmusicfestival.co.uk这个网站能获取更多关于这个音乐节的信息。故选C。BJeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily. B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents. D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney. B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。CWhenbabiesareexposedtoavarietyoffaces,theybecomemoreadeptinrecognizingandappreciatingdiversity,whichcanhelpreducebiasesandprejudicesastheygrow.ThisisaccordingtoneuroscientistSaskiaKochoftheDondersInstituteandRadboudUniversity.KochconductedherresearchusingdatafromtheNijmegenlongitudinalstudy.Thisstudyfollowsyoungpeoplefrominfancy(婴儿期).First,theresearcherslookedathowfrequentlytheteenagershadattendeddaycareasbabies.Then,thesameyoungsterswereassignedthedutyofplayingagamewhentheyreachedtheageof17.Inthegame,theyhadtoworkwithanotherpersontheycouldn’tsee.Bothplayershadthesamegoal:findanobjectonagameboard.Onlythe17-year-oldknewwheretheitemwas.The17-year-oldshadtocommunicatethislocationtoeachotherwithoutusingwords.Theyhadtodesigncommunicativepatternsthatwouldassisttheotherpersoninlocatingtheobject.Thiscouldbeaccomplished,forexample,byperformingspecificmovements.The17-year-oldswereinformedtheywereplayingwitha5-year-oldinonegameandanadultinanother,despitethefactthatitwasthesameindividualeachtime.Initially,the17-year-oldsadjustedtheircommunicativepatternswhentheythoughttheywereinteractingwiththechildbyplacingmoreemphasisontheirmovements.Howquicklytheyabandonedthispatterndependedonhowmuchtimetheyspentindaycare.17-year-oldswhohadcomeintocontactwithmanydifferentpeopleasinfantsweremorelikelytogetoverastereotype(刻板印象).Theyfoundoutintheinteractionthatthe“child”wasalsoverygoodandthenbasedtheirplayonthat.Accordingtotheresearcherthismeansthatbabieswhohavehadmorediversesocialinteractionscanmoreeasilyletgoofastereotypelaterinlife.Theyaremoresensitivetosocialinteractionandcanmorequicklyletgooftheimagetheyhaveintheirmindsoftheirpeers.Kochsays,“Gainingmanydiversesocialexperiencesearlyinlifeallowsustoadaptbettertotheneedsofourpartnersinsocialinteraction.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adept”inparagraph1mean?A.Forgetful. B.Skillful. C.Interested. D.Disappointed.9.Whatwasthepurposeofthegameinthestudy?A.ToconfirmthedatafromtheNijmegenstudy.B.Totesttheimpactsofearlysocialinteractions.C.Toenhancetheyoungsters’cooperativeability.D.Toassesstheeffectsofcommunicativepatterns.10.Howdidthe17-year-oldsfirstrespondtothe“child”inthegame?A.Theychangedtheirfixedideaofachild. B.Theyadjustedthetimespentonthegame.C.Theyperformedmorespecificmovements. D.Theyemployedverbalinteractivepatterns.11.WhathelpsbabieswithfuturesocialcontactsaccordingtoKoch?A.Interactingwithvariouspeople. B.Engagingwithdiversepeers.C.Adaptingtotheneedsofpartners. D.Lettinggooftheoldimages.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了神经科学家科赫通过研究证明婴儿期接触多样面孔和社交互动有助于减少偏见，并在17岁青少年游戏测试中得到验证，多样社交经验利于未来社交适应。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Whenbabiesareexposedtoavarietyoffaces,theybecomemoreadeptinrecognizingandappreciatingdiversity,whichcanhelpreducebiasesandprejudicesastheygrow.(当婴儿接触到各种各样的面孔时，他们在识别和欣赏多样性方面变得更加____，这有助于在他们成长过程中减少偏见和歧视)”以及最后一段“Accordingtotheresearcherthismeansthatbabieswhohavehadmorediversesocialinteractionscanmoreeasilyletgoofastereotypelaterinlife.Theyaremoresensitivetosocialinteractionandcanmorequicklyletgooftheimagetheyhaveintheirmindsoftheirpeers.(根据研究人员的说法，这意味着那些有更多样化社交互动的婴儿在以后的生活中更容易摆脱刻板印象。他们对社交互动更敏感，能更快地放下他们脑海中对同龄人的印象)”可知，婴儿接触多种面孔时，在识别和欣赏多样性方面会变得更熟练，划线单词表示“熟练的，擅长的”，与Skillful意义相近。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“KochconductedherresearchusingdatafromtheNijmegenlongitudinalstudy.Thisstudyfollowsyoungpeoplefrominfancy(婴儿期).First,theresearcherslookedathowfrequentlytheteenagershadattendeddaycareasbabies.Then,thesameyoungsterswereassignedthedutyofplayingagamewhentheyreachedtheageof17.(科赫利用奈梅亨纵向研究的数据进行了她的研究。这项研究从婴儿期开始跟踪年轻人。首先，研究人员调查了这些青少年婴儿时期上日托所的频率。然后，当这些年轻人长到17岁时，他们被安排玩一个游戏)”以及后文对游戏过程中不同婴儿期经历对17岁青少年行为影响的描述可知，游戏的目的是测试早期社会互动的影响。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Initially,the17-year-oldsadjustedtheircommunicativepatternswhentheythoughttheywereinteractingwiththechildbyplacingmoreemphasisontheirmovements.(起初，17岁的青少年在认为自己在与孩子互动时，会通过更强调自己的动作来调整他们的交流模式)”可知，17岁的青少年最初认为在和孩子互动时，会更强调自己的特定动作。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Accordingtotheresearcherthismeansthatbabieswhohavehadmorediversesocialinteractionscanmoreeasilyletgoofastereotypelaterinlife.Theyaremoresensitivetosocialinteractionandcanmorequicklyletgooftheimagetheyhaveintheirmindsoftheirpeers.Kochsays,“Gainingmanydiversesocialexperiencesearlyinlifeallowsustoadaptbettertotheneedsofourpartnersinsocialinteraction.”(根据研究人员的说法，这意味着在婴儿时期有更多样化社交互动的孩子在以后的生活中更容易摆脱刻板印象。他们对社交互动更敏感，能更快地摆脱心中对同龄人的固有印象。科赫说：“在生命早期获得许多不同的社交经验，能让我们在社交互动中更好地适应伴侣的需求。”)”可知，根据科赫的说法，婴儿与各种各样的人互动有助于他们未来的社交。故选A项。DEachyear,over1.2billionnewsmartphonesareproducedworldwide.Thisnotonlyconsumessignificantenergyandnaturalresourcesbutalsoresultsinlargeamountsofelectronicwaste,asusersoftenreplacefunctionaldeviceseveryfewyears.Toaddressthisissue,researchershavedevelopedanewapproach-transformingoldphonesintosmall-scaledatacentersforpracticalapplications.“Innovationoftenbeginsnotwithsomethingnew,butwithanewwayofthinkingabouttheold,”saidHuber,anassociateprofessor.Theresearchteamdemonstratedthatoutdatedsmartphonescanbetransformedintotinydatacenterscapableofprocessingandstoringdataforreal-worldapplications.Theyalsofoundthatbuildingsuchadatacenteronlycostsaround8eurosperdevice,makingitaneconomicalsolution.Intheirexperiment,thescientistscarefullyremovedthebatteriestopreventchemicalleakageandconnectedfouroldphonesusing3D-printedcases.Thesystemwaspoweredexternallyandtestedinpracticalenvironments.Onesuccessfultrialofthenewapproachinvolvedunderwatersealifemonitoring,wherethedeviceautomaticallyrecordedandanalyzedseaspecies.Tasksthatoncerequireddiverscannowbehandleddirectlybythedeviceunderwater.Thesereuseddevicesshowpromiseinotherareasaswell.Forexample,theycouldbeappliedatbusstopstomonitorpassengerflowpatternsandhelpurbanplannersadjustpublictransportationschedulesandroutes.Thisapproachnotonlyreducese-wastebutalsosupportssustainabledigitalsolutionsformoderncommunities.“Thissmart,greenapproachrethinksourthrowawaytechculture.Sustainabilityisnotjustaboutpreservingthefuturebutalsoaboutreimaginingthepresent,turningyesterday’sdevicesintotomorrow’ssolutions,”addedUlrich,anAssociateProfessorofSoftwareEngineering.Withminimalinvestmentandcreativethinking,outdatedtechnologycanservenewpurposes,contributingtoagreenerdigitalsocietywhileeffectivelyaddressingthegrowingproblemofelectronicwaste.12.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenewapproachinparagraph2?A.Time-saving. B.Cost-effective C.User-friendly. D.Labor-intensive.13.Whatwasasuccessfulapplicationofthenewapproach?A.Assistingdiversinrecordingseaanimals. B.Producing3D-printedcasesforoceanuseC.Monitoringunderwaterlifeindependently. D.Supplyingpowertounderwaterequipment.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthereuseddevicesfromparagraph4?A.Theypredictthecitytrafficpatterns. B.Theyinformpassengersofbusarrivals.C.Theyhelpwithsmartcitymanagement D.Theyassesstheworkofurbanplanners.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGlobalSmartphoneWasteProblem B.AGreenSolution:RepurposingOldPhonesC.AnEco-DigitalGuide:ElectronicEngineering D.TheSustainabilityofSmartCityDevelopment【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究人员为解决智能手机电子垃圾问题，将旧手机改造为小型数据中心，并介绍其应用及环保意义。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theresearchteamdemonstratedthatoutdatedsmartphonescanbetransformedintotinydatacenterscapableofprocessingandstoringdataforreal-worldapplications.Theyalsofoundthatbuildingsuchadatacenteronlycostsaround8eurosperdevice,makingitaneconomicalsolution.(研究团队证明，过时的智能手机可以被改造成小型数据中心，能够处理和存储现实应用中的数据。他们还发现，建造这样一个数据中心每台设备仅需花费约8欧元，使其成为一种经济实惠的解决方案)”可知，这种新方法将旧手机改造为小型数据中心，每台设备成本仅约8欧元，非常经济实惠。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Onesuccessfultrialofthenewapproachinvolvedunderwatersealifemonitoring,wherethedeviceautomaticallyrecordedandanalyzedseaspecies.Tasksthatoncerequireddiverscannowbehandleddirectlybythedeviceunderwater.(这种新方法的一次成功试验涉及水下海洋生物监测，该设备能自动记录和分析海洋物种。曾经需要潜水员完成的任务，现在可以由水下设备直接处理)”可知，这种新方法的一个成功应用是水下海洋生物监测，设备可独立完成记录和分析工作，无需潜水员协助。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Forexample,theycouldbeappliedatbusstopstomonitorpassengerflowpatternsandhelpurbanplannersadjustpublictransportationschedulesandroutes.Thisapproachnotonlyreducese-wastebutalsosupportssustainabledigitalsolutionsformoderncommunities.(例如，它们可以应用于公交车站，监测客流模式，帮助城市规划者调整公共交通时刻表和路线。这种方法不仅减少了电子垃圾，还为现代社区提供了可持续的数字解决方案)”可推断，这些被再利用的设备能够应用于公交站监测客流，帮助城市规划者优化交通，助力智慧城市管理。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Eachyear,over1.2billionnewsmartphonesareproducedworldwide.Thisnotonlyconsumessignificantenergyandnaturalresourcesbutalsoresultsinlargeamountsofelectronicwaste,asusersoftenreplacefunctionaldeviceseveryfewyears.Toaddressthisissue,researchershavedevelopedanewapproach-transformingoldphonesintosmall-scaledatacentersforpracticalapplications.(全球每年生产超过12亿部新智能手机。这不仅消耗大量能源和自然资源，还会产生大量电子垃圾，因为用户往往每隔几年就更换尚能使用的设备。为解决这一问题，研究人员开发出一种新方法：将旧手机改造成小型数据中心，用于实际应用)”可知，文章开篇提出智能手机产生大量电子垃圾的问题，随后重点介绍研究人员提出的绿色解决方案——将旧手机改造为小型数据中心，接着介绍其应用场景和环保意义，核心是“旧手机再利用这一绿色解决方案”。B项“一种绿色解决方案：旧手机再利用”，精准概括文章核心内容，可以作本文最佳标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。JointheFriendsandfindtheplacethat’srightforyou●WhoaretheFriendsoftheUniversityArtMuseum?Friendsareourneighborsfromthelocalcommunitiesandbeyond.Theyarefamilies,students,scholars,andalumni(校友).___16___.Friendsareunitedbyasharedlovefortheartsandfortheuniversity,andbyadesiretobepartofaculturalcommunity.FriendsareinterestedandactiveinthelifeoftheArtMuseum.Friendsareartlovers-justlikeyou.●___17___?AsaFriend,yourmembershipprovidesessentialannualsupporttohelpsustainthecontinuedexcellenceanddiversityoftheMuseum’seducationalprograms.ByjoiningtheFriends,youhelptoguaranteethattheMuseumremainsawelcomingplaceofsharedenrichmentforallvisitorstoexperience,toenjoy,andtolove.●WhatbenefitsdomembersoftheFriendsenjoy?___18___.WhenyoubecomeaFriendoftheUniversityArtMuseum,youalsobecomepartofagreattradition.NotonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginthelifeoftheMuseum,butyoualsowillreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveofartwithotherlike-mindedindividuals.___19___,andtheygetinvitationstoexhibitionopenings,lectures,travelopportunities,andlivelysocialgatherings.●HowdoIjointheFriends?BecomingaFriendiseasy.___20___,returnitwithyourannualmembershipfeeintheattachedenvelope,andbeginenjoyingyourbenefitsimmediately.Ifyouprefer,youmayjoinonlineatartmuseum.edu/support/become-a-member,orwhenyouvisittheMuseumStore.A.WhydoesmembershipmatterB.HowcanIlearnabouttheFriendsC.SimplycompletethemembershipformD.YoucanthenseethefullrangeofFriendsbenefitsE.FriendsmembershipisyourentrytomanyopportunitiesF.FriendsreceiveasubscriptiontotheMuseum’squarterlymagazineG.Friendsarepeopleofallages,interests,abilities,andculturalbackgrounds【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的成员构成、会员意义、福利待遇及加入方式，鼓励公众参与。【16题详析】由上文“Friendsareourneighborsfromthelocalcommunitiesandbeyond.Theyarefamilies,students,scholars,andalumni(校友).(Friends是来自当地社区和其他地方的邻居。他们是家庭、学生、学者和校友)”可知，上文介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的身份，强调其成员身份的多样性。这里需要一个句子来补充说明朋友群体的多样性。选项G“Friendsarepeopleofallages,interests,abilities,andculturalbackgrounds(Friends是所有年龄、兴趣、能力和文化背景的人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【17题详析】由下文“AsaFriend,yourmembershipprovidesessentialannualsupporttohelpsustainthecontinuedexcellenceanddiversityoftheMuseum’seducationalprograms.ByjoiningtheFriends,youhelptoguaranteethattheMuseumremainsawelcomingplaceofsharedenrichmentforallvisitorstoexperience,toenjoy,andtolove.(作为一名Friend，你的会员资格将提供必要的年度支持，以帮助保持博物馆教育项目的持续卓越和多样性。通过加入Friends，你可以帮助确保博物馆仍然是一个欢迎所有游客体验、享受和热爱的共享丰富的地方)”可知，这里需要一个问句来引出会员身份的重要性。选项A“Whydoesmembershipmatter(为什么会员资格很重要)”直接提出了会员身份的重要性问题，引出了下文对会员支持博物馆教育项目的解释，符合题意。故选A。【18题详析】由上文“WhatbenefitsdomembersoftheFriendsenjoy?(Friends会员享有什么福利？)”及下文“WhenyoubecomeaFriendoftheUniversityArtMuseum,youalsobecomepartofagreattradition.(当你成为大学艺术博物馆一员时，你也成为了一项伟大传统的一部分。你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得与其他志同道合者分享你对艺术的热爱的特别机会)”可知，这里需要一个句子来概括会员可以享受的各种福利。选项E“Friendsmembershipisyourentrytomanyopportunities(朋友会员资格是你获得许多机会的入口)”概述了会员资格带来的多种机会，为下文的具体福利做了铺垫，符合题意。故选E。【19题详析】由上文“NotonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginthelifeoftheMuseum,butyoualsowillreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveofartwithotherlike-mindedindividuals.(你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得特别的机会，与其他志同道合的人一起分享你对艺术的热爱)”及下文“andtheygetinvitationstoexhibitionopenings,lectures,travelopportunities,andlivelysocialgatherings.(并且，他们会收到展览开幕式、讲座、旅行活动以及热闹的社交聚会的邀请函)”可知，这里需要一个句子来列举具体的会员福利。选项F“FriendsreceiveasubscriptiontotheMuseum’squarterlymagazine(会员们可以订阅博物馆的季刊)”具体提到了会员可以收到博物馆的季刊杂志，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“HowdoIjointheFriends?(我如何加入Friends？)”及下文“returnitwithyourannualmembershipfeeintheattachedenvelope,andbeginenjoyingyourbenefitsimmediately.(请将它与你的年度会员费一同放入随附的信封中寄回，然后立即开始享受你的会员福利)”可知，这里需要一个句子来介绍加入Friends的方式。选项C“Simplycompletethemembershipform(只需填写会员表格)”直接告诉读者如何加入Friends，且C选项中的themembershipform与下文的it相对应，符合题意。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满55分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WeliveinCleveland,Ohio,nearahighwayexit.Overtheyears,manytiredtravelershavestoppedatourdoor,askingforsmall____21____:aphonecall,aglassofwater,orsimplydirections.Allhavebeen____22____tome.Eachtime,I’vehadtoweighthe____23____.Onesummereveningafewyearsago,astheskydarkened,an____24____womanstoodweaklyatourdoorway.Sheleanedagainstthescreendoor(纱窗门)to____25____itopen.Throughthewindow,Icouldseetheoutlineofherhead.Sheclearlyneeded____26____.Thequestionfilledmymind:“WhatshouldIdo?”Thiswasn’tthefirsttimeI’dfacedsuchadifficult____27____.Intoday’sworld,we’reoftentoldtobecautious.Itisbelievedthathelpingstrangersis____28____andmayriskterribleconsequences.Newsstories____29____thatkindpeopleoftenendupasvictims.Thereisnodoubtthatthosearetruestories,butthelesson_____30_____withmyheart.Sometimesdoingtherightthingrequires_____31_____.Shouldwefeareveryonewedon’tknow?Ispersonal_____32_____alwaystheonlythingthat_____33_____?Ourhome’slocationoftenforcesmetomakedifficultchoices._____34_____thetravelersinneedhasitsowncost-notjusttothem,buttome.I’dratherriskalittlethanlivewith_____35_____.I’dratherchoosekindnessthanletfearruleme.SowhenIsawthewomantremblingonmystep,Iknewmyanswer.Iopenedthedoor.21.A.gestures B.kindnesses C.chances D.changes22.A.strangers B.drivers C.friends D.guides23.A.advantages B.strengths C.risks D.evidence24.A.unfamiliar B.optimistic C.elegant D.intelligent25.A.force B.blow C.knock D.hold26.A.water B.help C.love D.rescue27.A.passenger B.opportunity C.answer D.choice28.A.unwise B.unbearable C.safe D.odd29.A.comment B.mean C.warn D.inform30.A.clicks B.mixes C.sinks D.conflicts31.A.patience B.reward C.courage D.luck32.A.happiness B.health C.achievement D.safety33.A.matters B.applies C.favors D.occurs34.A.Bringingup B.Turningaway C.Reachingfor D.Cheeringup35.A.disability B.illness C.guilt D.curiosity【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.D31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家住在高速公路出口附近，常有疲惫的旅行者前来寻求诸如打电话、喝水或问路等小帮助，作者面对是否帮助这些陌生人，内心需权衡风险，最终选择以善良回应的故事，展现了作者在面对此类情况时的思考与抉择。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，许多疲惫的旅行者在我们家门口停下，请求一些小小的善举：打个电话、喝杯水，或者仅仅是问路。A.gestures手势；B.kindnesses善举；C.chances机会；D.changes改变。从下文列举的“aphonecall,aglassofwater,orsimplydirections”可知，这些都是旅行者希望得到的善意行为，所以是小小的善举，故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，他们都是陌生人。A.strangers陌生人；B.drivers司机；C.friends朋友；D.guides导游。根据上文“manytiredtravelershavestoppedatourdoor”可知，这些旅行者对于作者来说是不认识的，即为陌生人，故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次，我都得权衡风险。A.advantages优势；B.strengths长处；C.risks风险；D.evidence证据。结合下文提到当今世界人们被告知要谨慎，帮助陌生人可能有可怕后果等内容可知，作者每次面对陌生人的求助都要权衡帮助他们的风险，故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年前的一个夏夜，天渐渐黑了，一个陌生的女人虚弱地站在我们家门口。A.unfamiliar不熟悉的，陌生的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.elegant优雅的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据上文“Allhavebeen...tome”可知，提到是陌生人来求助，这里描述这个女人，unfamiliar符合语境，表明作者不认识她，故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她靠在纱门上，使门开着。A.force强迫；B.blow吹；C.knock敲；D.hold保持，使……处于（特定状态）。根据上文“Sheleanedagainstthescreendoor(纱窗门)”可知，这里指女人靠在纱门上让门保持开着的状态，故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她显然需要帮助。A.water水；B.help帮助；C.love爱；D.rescue营救。根据上文“womanstoodweaklyatourdoorway.”可知，女人虚弱地站在门口以及前文旅行者常来求助可知，她显然是需要帮助，故选B项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是我第一次面临这样艰难的选择。A.passenger乘客；B.opportunity机会；C.answer答案；D.choice选择。根据上文作者思考“WhatshouldIdo?”可知，作者面临是否帮助这个女人的艰难选择，故选D项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们认为帮助陌生人是不明智的，可能会带来可怕的后果。A.unwise不明智的；B.unbearable难以忍受的；C.safe安全的；D.odd奇怪的。根据下文“mayriskterribleconsequences”可知，人们觉得帮助陌生人可能带来不好后果，所以认为这是不明智的，故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：新闻报道警示说善良的人往往最终成为受害者。A.comment评论；B.mean意味着；C.warn警告；D.inform通知。根据下文“kindpeopleoftenendupasvictims”可知，新闻报道这类事是对人们的一种警示，warn符合语境，故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，那些都是真实的故事，但这个教训与我的内心相冲突。A.clicks点击；B.mixes混合；C.sinks下沉；D.conflicts冲突。根据下文“I’dratherchoosekindnessthanletfearruleme.”可知，作者还是选择帮助陌生人可知，社会上认为帮助陌生人有风险这个观念与作者内心想法冲突，故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候做正确的事需要勇气。A.patience耐心；B.reward回报；C.courage勇气；D.luck运气。根据上文“mayrisk”提到帮助陌生人有风险，但作者又觉得要做正确的事，所以这里是说需要勇气，故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人安全总是唯一重要的事情吗？A.happiness幸福；B.health健康；C.achievement成就；D.safety安全。根据上文“mayrisk”提到帮助陌生人可能有风险，所以这里讨论个人安全是否是唯一重要的，故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：个人安全总是唯一重要的事情吗？A.matters要紧，重要；B.applies应用；C.favors偏爱；D.occurs发生。前文提到帮助陌生人可能有风险，所以这里讨论个人安全是否是唯一重要的，根据常识也可知，人身安全是重要的。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：拒绝需要帮助的旅行者有它自身的代价——不仅对他们，对我也是。A.Bringingup抚养，提出；B.Turningaway拒绝，把……打发走；C.Reachingfor伸手去够；D.Cheeringup使高兴起来。根据上文“Shouldwefeareveryonewedon’tknow?Ispersonal...alwaystheonlythingthat...?”可知，作者面临是否帮助陌生人的选择，这里说的是拒绝帮助旅行者会有代价，turnaway符合语境，故选B项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿冒一点险，也不愿带着愧疚生活。A.disability残疾；B.