2027年大学英语四、六级考试模拟500题（含答案解析）

2027年英语四六级原创模拟题库·500题第1页2027年大学英语四、六级考试模拟500题（含答案解析）CET-4/CET-6·原创命题词汇与结构180题选词填空50题仔细阅读100题完形填空60题翻译60题写作50题全部题目原创编写，统一编号1—500，附答案速查与解析精选使用说明本册为原创命题，不收录任何真题原文。500道题按现行四、六级考试的四大能力板块分布：语言基础（词汇与结构）、语篇填空（选词填空、完形填空）、阅读理解、输出能力（翻译、写作），并统一编号1—500，便于按题号检索答案。建议的使用顺序是：先按板块限时训练，再用书末「答案速查表」批改，最后针对错题阅读解析精选，把错误归入语法点、搭配、逻辑或阅读定位四类，形成自己的薄弱清单。难度标记：第一部分前160题覆盖四级至六级过渡区间，第161—180题为六级高阶语义题；第三部分PassageEleven至PassageTwenty的句长与抽象度略高于前篇，可作六级阅读使用。本册题量分布板块题号题量建议用时对应考试部分词汇与结构1—18018045分钟语言基础选词填空181—2305025分钟选词填空仔细阅读231—33010070分钟阅读理解完形填空331—3906030分钟完形填空翻译391—4506050分钟翻译写作451—5005060分钟写作合计1—500500——第一部分词汇与结构（1—180）Directions:ForeachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.一、时态与语态（1—20）1.Bythetimetheexhibitionopensnextmonth,thecurator____everylabelinthreelanguages.A)willtranslateB)hastranslatedC)translatesD)willhavetranslated2.Hardly____theplatformwhenthetrainpulledout.A)hehadreachedB)hereachedC)hadhereachedD)didhereach3.Theoldbridge____fortwoyearsandisexpectedtoreopeninJune.A)hasrepairedB)isrepairingC)repairsD)hasbeenunderrepair4.ThistimenextFridaywe____thefinalrehearsalonthemainstage.A)willrunB)arerunningC)runD)willberunning5.Nosooner____thenewsthanshecalledhermother.A)sheheardB)shehadheardC)didshehearD)hadsheheard6.Thefigures____thatthepolicyhashadlittleeffectsofar.A)suggestsB)suggestC)issuggestingD)hassuggested7.Itisthethirdtimethecompany____itssafetyproceduresthisyear.A)revisedB)hasrevisedC)hadrevisedD)revises8.Themanuscript____tothepublisherbeforetheauthorleftforfieldwork.A)hadbeensubmittedB)wassubmittedC)hasbeensubmittedD)submitted9.Inthecomingdecade,remotesensing____thewaywemonitordeforestation.A)isreshapingB)reshapedC)hasreshapedD)willreshape10.She____inthelaballmorningandhasnothadlunchyet.A)worksB)workedC)isworkingD)hasbeenworking11.Theoldtheatre____downnextspringtomakeroomforapubliclibrary.A)willbepulledB)willpullC)ispullingD)pulls12.Whentheresults____,wewillinformeveryparticipantimmediately.A)willcomeoutB)willhavecomeoutC)comeoutD)cameout13.He____thereportforhourswhenthepowersuddenlywentoff.A)wroteB)hasbeenwritingC)hadbeenwritingD)waswriting14.Thebanonsingle-useplastics____intoforcesinceJanuary,andshopshavealreadyadapted.A)cameB)hadcomeC)comesD)hascome15.Notuntileverysample____twicewilltheresultsbereleased.A)hasbeencheckedB)ischeckedC)willbecheckedD)checked16.Thevillage____itsfirstpavedroadonlyfiveyearsago.A)hasgotB)hadgotC)getsD)got17.Whilethestudents____theexperiment,thesupervisortookdetailednotes.A)performedB)haveperformedC)wereperformingD)perform18.Itwillnotbelongbeforetheapp____availableinruralareas.A)willbecomeB)becomesC)becameD)hasbecome19.Thepainting____toaprivatecollectorforanundisclosedsumlastweek.A)soldB)hassoldC)wassoldD)issold20.By2030,thecity____halfofitsbusestoelectricpower.A)willconvertB)hasconvertedC)willhaveconvertedD)converts二、非谓语动词（21—40）21.____withtheearliermodel,thenewdeviceislighterandfarfaster.A)ComparingB)TocompareC)ComparedD)Havingcompared22.Thescientistdevotedherwholecareerto____themysteryofmigratingbirds.A)solveB)solvingC)besolvedD)havesolved23.Hewouldrather____thetruththanbekeptinthedark.A)knowingB)toknowC)knownD)know24.Theproposal,____bytheboardyesterday,willtakeeffectinMay.A)approvingB)toapproveC)approvedD)approve25.____theinstructionscarefully,shestillmadeamistake.A)ReadingB)ToreadC)HavingreadD)Read26.Theresidentsobjectto____withoutpriornotice.A)treatB)betreatedC)havingtreatedD)beingtreated27.Thereisnothing____about;thestormwasquiteexceptional.A)worryingB)toworryC)worriedD)worry28.Themanagerhadthedraft____beforetheclientarrived.A)reviseB)revisingC)revisedD)torevise29.____in1905,thetheoryisstillbeingtestedtoday.A)PublishingB)PublishedC)TopublishD)Havingpublished30.Sheissaid____inthreedifferentcountriesbeforesheturnedten.A)toliveB)livingC)tobelivingD)tohavelived31.Ratherthan____thecriticism,theteamreviseditsmethod.A)ignoreB)ignoringC)toignoreD)ignored32.Thestudentsweremade____thesafetyvideotwice.A)towatchB)watchC)watchingD)watched33.____thedoor,herealizedhehadleftthekeysinside.A)LockingB)HavinglockedC)TolockD)Lock34.Thereisnopoint____overadecisionthatcannotbechanged.A)toargueB)argueC)arguingD)argued35.Thereportisexpected____nextMonday.A)tobereleasedB)releasingC)toreleaseD)release36.Iclearlyremember____thefile,butIcannotfinditnow.A)tosaveB)saveC)savedD)saving37.Pleaseremember____thelightsbeforeyouleavetheoffice.A)turningoffB)turnoffC)turnedoffD)toturnoff38.____fromtheair,thericefieldslooklikeagiantquilt.A)SeeingB)ToseeC)SeeD)Seen39.Hekeptsilent____interruptthespeaker.A)soastonotB)soasnottoC)inordertonotD)notto40.Withthedeadline____,thestaffworkedthroughtheweekend.A)approachedB)approachingC)toapproachD)approach三、虚拟语气与情态（41—60）41.IfI____yourposition,Iwouldaccepttheofferwithouthesitation.A)amB)wereC)hadbeenD)wouldbe42.____itnotbeenforthevolunteers,theeventwouldhavecollapsed.A)IfB)WereC)ShouldD)Had43.Theboardrecommendedthatthecontract____untilalegalreviewiscompleted.A)besuspendedB)issuspendedC)wassuspendedD)willbesuspended44.Itisessentialthateveryapplicant____avalididentitydocument.A)bringsB)bringC)broughtD)isbringing45.____thedeadlinebeextended,wecouldfinishtheanalysisproperly.A)IfB)ShouldC)HadD)Were46.IwishI____moreattentiontothelectureyesterday.A)hadpaidB)paidC)payD)wouldpay47.Hetalksabouttheexpeditionasifhe____ithimself.A)witnessedB)witnessesC)hadwitnessedD)willwitness48.Withoutyourtimelywarning,we____straightintothetrap.A)wouldwalkB)wouldhavewalkedC)walkedD)willwalk49.Itishightimethatthegovernment____theloopholeinthetaxcode.A)closesB)willcloseC)closedD)hasclosed50.Themanagerwouldratherhisassistant____himofthechangeearlier.A)informedB)informsC)wouldinformD)hadinformed51.____yousucceedornot,youmustkeeplearning.A)IfB)UnlessC)HoweverD)Whether52.Butforthescholarship,she____herstudieslongago.A)wouldhaveabandonedB)wouldabandonC)abandonedD)hadabandoned53.Theprofessordemandedthatthethesis____byFriday.A)beresubmittedB)isresubmittedC)wasresubmittedD)willberesubmitted54.Ifthevaccine____earlier,thousandsoflivescouldhavebeensaved.A)arrivedB)hadarrivedC)wouldarriveD)arrives55.Supposethedata____flawed;whatwouldthatmeanfortheconclusion?A)wereB)isC)hasbeenD)willbe56.Wereitnotfortherain,thematch____stillgoingon.A)isB)willbeC)hadbeenD)wouldbe57.Sheinsistedthatshe____nothingaboutthemissingfiles.A)knowB)knewC)knowsD)hadknown58.Thedoctorinsistedthathe____inbedforanotherweek.A)stayedB)staysC)stayD)isstaying59.____morecareful,youwouldnothavebrokentheinstrument.A)BeingB)YouhadbeenC)IfyouareD)Hadyoubeen60.Itisnecessarythatthereport____alltherawdataasanappendix.A)attachesB)attachC)attachedD)isattaching四、从句与连接（61—80）61.Thereason____hegaveforthedelaysoundedthoroughlyunconvincing.A)thatB)whyC)whatD)when62.Thisisthevillage____thepoetspenthischildhood.A)whichB)thatC)whenD)where63.____surprisedmemostwasthecalmnessoftheresidents.A)ThatB)ItC)WhichD)What64.Thecompanywillhire____hastherightmixofskillsandpatience.A)whoeverB)whomeverC)whoD)whom65.Wehadnoidea____theshipmenthadbeendelayedforsolong.A)thatB)whichC)whyD)what66.Itwasnotuntilmidnight____therescueteamarrivedatthesite.A)whenB)whichC)thenD)that67.Theday____wefirstmetremainsvividinmymemory.A)whenB)whichC)thatD)what68.Suchwasthedemand____ticketssoldoutwithinminutes.A)asB)whichC)thatD)what69.Heisnolongertheman____hewastenyearsago.A)whoB)whichC)whatD)that70.____hardhetried,hecouldnotopenthejar.A)HoweverB)WhateverC)NomatterD)Although71.Thelabisequippedwith____isneededforgenesequencing.A)allwhatB)whatC)thatD)which72.Therearethirtystudentsintheclass,____comefromruralareas.A)two-thirdsofthemB)two-thirdsofwhichC)two-thirdsofwhoD)two-thirdsofwhom73.Hefailedtheexam,____wasagreatdisappointmenttohisparents.A)thatB)whichC)whatD)it74.____yougo,remembertotakethechargerwithyou.A)WhateverB)WhoeverC)HoweverD)Wherever75.Thequestionis____theplancanbecarriedoutwithinbudget.A)thatB)whatC)whetherD)if76.Itisinthesmalldetails____qualityreallyshows.A)thatB)whereC)whichD)when77.Shespokeinatone____suggestedshewasthoroughlybored.A)asB)whatC)whoD)which78.____theprojectfails,wewillstillhavelearnedagreatdeal.A)EvensoB)AsifC)EvenifD)Onlyif79.Hardlyadaypasses____hedoesnotcheckthemailbox.A)thatB)whenC)whichD)where80.Themorewepractise,____confidentwebecome.A)themostB)themoreC)moreD)muchmore五、动词与短语辨析（81—110）81.Thetwostudies____strikinglydifferentconclusions.A)reachB)arriveC)getD)achieve82.Thecharityhopesto____publicawarenessofthedisease.A)riseB)ariseC)arouseD)raise83.She____theinvitationpolitely,sayingshewasalreadybookedthatevening.A)declinedB)refusedC)rejectedD)denied84.Thenewevidencemay____thepreviousverdict.A)overcomeB)overlookC)overturnD)overtake85.Themedicine____thepainalmostimmediately.A)releasedB)relaxedC)removedD)relieved86.Heavyrain____therescueoperationfortwowholedays.A)heldupB)heldbackC)heldonD)heldout87.Thecouncilagreedto____thecomplaintaboutnight-timenoise.A)lookintoB)lookafterC)lookuptoD)lookout88.Thetwocompaniesfinally____anagreementaftermonthsoftalks.A)arrivedB)reachedC)cameD)touched89.Thescientist'sfindings____theacceptedtheoryofthetime.A)challengedB)contestedC)protestedD)objected90.Donot____theimportanceofregularexercise.A)understateB)undervalueC)underestimateD)undermine91.Thegovernmenthas____newmeasurestocurbairpollution.A)adaptedB)adjustedC)adoptedD)admitted92.Theairline____forthedelayandofferedtravelvouchers.A)pardonedB)excusedC)apologizedD)forgave93.Histremblingvoice____hownervoushereallywas.A)concealedB)betrayedC)disguisedD)withheld94.Theteammanagedto____thedeadlinedespitethepoweroutage.A)reachB)arriveC)meetD)complete95.Weshould____theprosandconscarefullybeforedeciding.A)countB)measureC)valueD)weigh96.Thenewtaxmay____smallbusinessesfarmorethanlargeones.A)affectB)effectC)infectD)reflect97.Theprofessor____thekeypointsinthefinalfiveminutes.A)symbolizedB)summarizedC)sympathizedD)systemized98.Please____yourseatbeltbeforetakeoff.A)tieB)bindC)attachD)fasten99.Thecompanyhadto____twohundredworkersduringthedownturn.A)layoutB)layoffC)laydownD)layaside100.Theexperiment____toconfirmtheearlierfindings.A)wasdesignatedB)wasresignedC)wasassignedD)wasdesigned101.Thetwotheoriesarenotnecessarily____;bothmaybepartlyright.A)controversialB)contradictoryC)contraryD)contrasting102.Ittookthefirefightersthreehoursto____theblaze.A)putoffB)putupC)putoutD)putaway103.Thewitness____thathehadseenthecaratmidnight.A)announcedB)declaredC)allegedD)proclaimed104.Themanagertriedto____theconflictbetweenthetwoteams.A)dissolveB)involveC)revolveD)resolve105.Risingcostshavesteadily____theprofitmargin.A)erodedB)erasedC)evadedD)erected106.Thestudentswereaskedto____thepoemintomodernEnglish.A)transformB)translateC)transmitD)transfer107.Theschemewas____becauseofalackoffunding.A)calledonB)calledforC)calledoffD)calledup108.Herexplanationdidnotquite____thediscrepancyinthefigures.A)accountofB)countonC)accountforD)countfor109.Thecompanyplansto____itsoperationsinSoutheastAsia.A)expendB)expoundC)extendD)expand110.He____hissuccesstohardworkandalittleluck.A)attributesB)contributesC)distributesD)dedicates六、名词、形容词与副词辨析（111—140）111.The____ofthenewsystemwilltakeaboutsixmonths.A)installmentB)instinctC)installationD)instruction112.Thereisastriking____betweenthetwoaccountsoftheevent.A)discretionB)discrepancyC)discriminationD)disturbance113.Themedicinehadno____effectonthepatientatall.A)reverseB)diverseC)adverseD)averse114.The____oftheargumentisthatthedataareincomplete.A)evidenceB)essenceC)absenceD)instance115.Shehasa____knowledgeofmedievalEuropeanhistory.A)comprehensiveB)comprehensibleC)compressedD)compulsive116.Thetwocountriessigneda____agreementontechnologytransfer.A)bilateralB)bilingualC)biologicalD)biannual117.Hisproposalis____butnotyetpractical.A)ingenuousB)indigenousC)ingeniousD)industrial118.Theresultswere____withourearlierobservations.A)consistentB)persistentC)insistentD)resistant119.The____riseintemperaturealarmedtheresearchers.A)absoluteB)abruptC)absurdD)abundant120.Itisentirely____thatthetwoeventsareconnected.A)plausibleB)pliableC)pleasurableD)placid121.Thefirmisfirmly____tointernationalenvironmentalstandards.A)commissionedB)submittedC)committedD)permitted122.The____ofpaperdocumentshasslowedbutcertainlynotstopped.A)declineB)declinationC)inclineD)recline123.Thelecturewasso____thathalftheaudiencefellasleep.A)tediousB)tenseC)tenderD)tentative124.Shemadea____efforttohideherdisappointment.A)deliberateB)delicateC)deliciousD)delighted125.The____evidencewasthrownoutbythejudge.A)inadmissibleB)inaccessibleC)inadvertentD)inadequate126.Theprojectwascompleted____scheduleandwellunderbudget.A)infrontofB)beforetoC)inadvanceD)aheadof127.Hewas____unawareofthecontroversyhisremarkhadcaused.A)whollyB)wholeC)holeD)holy128.Thetwocandidateshold____viewsontaxation.A)diligentB)divergentC)dignifiedD)dim129.The____ofthebuildingwasdelayedbythestrike.A)instructionB)destructionC)constructionD)obstruction130.Suchbehaviouris____withprofessionalethics.A)incomparableB)incompatibleC)incompetentD)incomplete131.The____ofthetworeportswassostrikingthatplagiarismwassuspected.A)simulationB)similarityC)simplicityD)sincerity132.Thewitnessgavea____accountofwhathadhappenedthatnight.A)viableB)vitalC)vividD)vicious133.The____costoftheprojectfarexceededtheoriginalestimate.A)aggregateB)aggressiveC)agitatedD)agreeable134.Sheisunderstandably____aboutherson'sprogressatschool.A)auxiliaryB)ancientC)annualD)anxious135.Thenewevidenceisdirectly____tothecase.A)permanentB)pertinentC)persistentD)pervasive136.The____breezemadethesummereveningunusuallypleasant.A)generousB)gentleC)genuineD)genetic137.Thegovernment'sresponsewaswidelyseenas____.A)invaluableB)inadequateC)inevitableD)indivisible138.Pricesrose____inthefirstquarteroftheyear.A)sharpB)sharpenC)sharplyD)sharpness139.The____oftheoldlibrarywasopposedbylocalresidents.A)demonstrationB)dominationC)dimensionD)demolition140.Hisargumentrestsonahighly____assumption.A)questionedB)questionableC)questioningD)questionary七、固定搭配与介词（141—160）141.Thesuccessofthecampaigndepends____publictrust.A)onB)inC)atD)for142.Sheisperfectlycapable____handlingthenegotiationalone.A)forB)ofC)inD)at143.Theteamwasaccused____neglectingbasicsafetychecks.A)forB)withC)aboutD)of144.Allsuppliersmustcomply____thenewregulations.A)toB)forC)onD)with145.Heseemsquiteindifferent____praiseorblame.A)ofB)forC)withD)to146.Thecommitteeconsists____twelvemembersappointedbythedean.A)ofB)inC)fromD)with147.Herremarkswerehardlyrelevant____thetopicunderdiscussion.A)forB)toC)withD)about148.Themanagerisresponsible____theannualbudget.A)ofB)forC)withD)on149.Thedrughasprovedeffective____relievingchronicpain.A)atB)inC)ofD)on150.Hewasreluctant____admitthathiscalculationwaswrong.A)forB)inC)toD)of151.Thefindingsareentirelyconsistent____theoriginalhypothesis.A)toB)withC)ofD)for152.Shehasaremarkabletalent____languages.A)inB)forC)ofD)with153.____heavysnow,themountainroadwasclosedforthreedays.A)OwingtoB)DueC)BecauseD)Thanks154.Theprisonersweredeprived____sleepfortwonights.A)fromB)withC)offD)of155.Wearelookingforward____hearingfromyousoon.A)forB)atC)toD)on156.Thebridgerepairisstill____wayandwilltakemonths.A)inB)onC)byD)under157.Hetookadvantage____hergenerosityandborrowedthecaragain.A)ofB)forC)onD)with158.Thepaneliscomposed____expertsfromfivedifferentfields.A)ofB)byC)withD)from159.Suchaclaimisclearly____oddswiththeavailableevidence.A)inB)onC)byD)at160.Shewaswarmlypraised____hercourageduringtherescue.A)ofB)onC)withD)for八、六级高阶：语义逻辑与学术表达（161—180）161.Theproposalwasrejectedonthe____thatitwouldbetoocostly.A)groundsB)reasonsC)causesD)bases162.Thetwoexplanationsaremutually____;onlyoneofthemcanbetrue.A)exclusionB)exclusiveofC)exclusiveD)excluding163.Thecommitteereacheda____decisionafterhoursofdebate.A)anonymousB)autonomousC)ambiguousD)unanimous164.Thescandal____thecompany'sreputationforyearstocome.A)tarnishedB)polishedC)furnishedD)astonished165.Hisargumentisseriously____bythelackofanyhardevidence.A)underlinedB)undertakenC)undergoneD)undermined166.Thenewdata____along-heldassumptionabouttheregion.A)invalidateB)irritateC)imitateD)illustrate167.Theschemeisstillinits____;fewresultsareexpectedthisyear.A)infancyB)infantryC)infinitiveD)infinity168.Thereportwascriticizedforits____treatmentofacomplexissue.A)superfluousB)superiorC)supremeD)superficial169.Shehasan____memoryfornamesandfaces.A)extravagantB)extraordinaryC)extraneousD)external170.Thetwodepartmentsnowwork____toavoidduplicationofeffort.A)inturnB)invainC)intowD)intandem171.Thecommittee'sreport____theneedforurgentreform.A)understatedB)undertookC)underscoredD)undid172.Theevidenceagainsthimwas,atbest,____.A)circularB)circumstantialC)circuitousD)civic173.Thepolicyhasdrawn____criticismfromeconomistsofeveryschool.A)wideB)widespreadC)widthD)widen174.Hefelt____toacceptthecompromise,thoughhedislikedit.A)obligingB)obligedC)obligatoryD)obligation175.Themanuscriptis____ofpublicationinaleadingjournal.A)worthyB)worthC)worthwhileD)worthless176.Thenegotiationswererepeatedly____bymutualdistrust.A)hammeredB)hamperedC)harvestedD)handled177.Theplanwasbrilliantly____butneveractuallyimplemented.A)perceivedB)deceivedC)receivedD)conceived178.Herconclusions____onratherthinevidence.A)restB)restsC)restingD)rested179.Thetwosidesremain____overthetermsofthetreaty.A)atrandomB)atloggerheadsC)atstakeD)atlarge180.Thefindingscarryimportant____forpublichealthpolicy.A)imitationsB)immunitiesC)impulsesD)implications第二部分选词填空（181—230）Directions:Inthissectionthereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.PassageOne（181—190）词库A)absorbB)argueC)assessD)essentialE)graduallyF)generousG)investmentH)limitedI)obstacleJ)recoverK)subsidyL)surviveM)transformN)visibleO)warnOverthepastdecade,rooftopfarminghasgrownfromahobbyintoasmallbutexpandingindustryinmanycities.Supporters（181）____thatunusedroofspacecanbeturnedintoproductivegardenswithmodestinvestment.Thebenefitsarehardtomiss:freshproducetravelsonlyafewfloors,andconcretesurfacesthatoncetrappedheatnow（182）____rainwaterandcoolthebuildingbelow.Critics,however,（183）____thatmostroofswereneverdesignedtocarrytheweightofwetsoil.Engineersmusttherefore（184）____thestructurebeforeanyplantingbegins,andwheretheloadis（185）____,growersuseshallowcontainersandlightweightmixes.Costisanother（186）____:awell-builtroofgardencanbethreetimesasexpensiveasaground-levelplot.Evenso,manyhousingassociationsconsiderthe（187）____worthwhile,becauseresidentsreportbettermentalhealthandstrongerneighbourlyties.Severalcitygovernmentsnowoffera（188）____thatcoverspartoftheinstallationcost,treatinggreenroofsas（189）____publicinfrastructureratherthanaprivateluxury.Whetherthemodelcan（190）____withoutsuchsupportremainsanopenquestion.PassageTwo（191—200）词库A)compensateB)consolidateC)consistentD)crucialE)essentialF)evidenceG)maintainH)performanceI)recallJ)sacrificeK)flexibleL)graduallyM)ignoreN)reliableO)shortageStudentsoftentradesleepforextrastudyhours,especiallybeforeexaminations.Thestrategyrarelyworks.Alargebodyofresearchshowsthatsleepis（191）____forturningnewinformationintodurablememory;withoutit,materiallearnedlateatnightisquicklylost.Duringdeepsleepthebrainappearsto（192）____whatwaslearnedduringtheday,strengtheningtheconnectionsthatsupportlater（193）____.Inoneexperiment,studentswhosleptforeighthoursafterstudyingrememberedaboutathirdmorethanthosewhostayedawake.The（194）____isremarkably（195）____acrossagesandcultures.Sleeplossalsodamagesattention:aftertwonightsofshortsleep,participants'（196）____onsimplereactiontestsfellsharply.Somestudentstryto（197）____forlostsleepatweekends,buttherecoveryisonlypartial.Researchersthereforeadviselearnersto（198）____leisuretimeratherthansleepwhendeadlinescrowdin,andto（199）____aregularschedule.Putsimply,arestedbrainisnotaluxurybutan（200）____conditionforefficientlearning.PassageThree（201—210）词库A)argueB)consultC)digitalD)fragileE)permanentF)processG)retiredH)virtualI)favourJ)obstacleK)graduallyL)enormousM)displayN)damageO)purchaseMuseumsareracingtophotographandscantheircollections.Forscholars,thegainisobvious:amanuscripttoo（201）____tobehandledcannowbestudiedpagebypageonline,andinstitutionsindistantcitiescan（202）____materialthatoncerequiredanexpensivejourney.Yetdigitizationisnotsimplyamatterofbuyingscanners.Asinglepagemayneedseveralimages,carefulcolourchecksanddetailedcataloguing,andtheresultingfilesmustbestoredinaformthatwillstillbereadableinfiftyyears.Curatorsthereforespeakofa（203）____ratherthanaproject:theworkneverreallyends.Moneyistheobvious（204）____.Mostmuseumshaveannualbudgetsthatbarelycoverconservation,letalonenewequipment.Somecritics（205）____thatascreenflattenstheexperienceofstandingbeforeanobject.Othersreplythata（206）____visitwasneverthepoint;thepointisthattheobjectsurvives.Whatmostinstitutionsnow（207）____isahybridmodel,inwhichthephysicalcollectionisprotectedwhilea（208）____copycirculatesfreely.Thetechnology,meanwhile,keepschanging,andformatsthatseemed（209）____adecadeagoarealreadyobsolete.Therealtestiswhetherthefileswillstillopenwhenthepeoplewhomadethemhave（210）____.PassageFour（211—220）词库A)bargainingB)contributeC)insuranceD)flexibleE)incomeF)platformG)regulationH)securityI)shiftJ)vulnerableK)questionL)graduallyM)attractiveN)protectO)reverseFormanyyoungworkerstheappealofgigworkisobvious:hoursare（211）____andnomanagerwatchestheclock.Deliveryridersandfreelancedesignerscanfitworkaroundstudyorfamilylife,andappsmakeiteasytofindcustomers.Thecosts,however,arelessvisible.Earningsareirregular,soasuddenillnesscanwipeoutamonth's（212）____.Mostgigworkersreceivenopaidholiday,nosickpayandnoemployer（213）____againstaccident.Becausetheyareclassedasself-employed,theymust（214）____totheirownpensionandpaytheirtaxesdirectly.Their（215）____powerisweak:anindividualdrivercannotnegotiatewithanalgorithm.Campaignersarguethatthe（216）____companiesbenefitfromalegalgreyzoneandthatcurrent（217）____hassimplynotkeptupwiththetechnology.Somegovernmentsarerespondingwithminimumpayratesandaccidentcover,andafewplatformsnowofferinsuranceasanoptionalextra.Whethersuchmeasurescanprotectthemost（218）____workerswithoutdestroyingtheflexibilitythatattractedthemisthecentral（219）____.Whatseemsclearisthatthe（220）____towardsshort-termcontractsisunlikelytoreverse.PassageFive（221—230）词库A)biteB)capturesC)demandsD)figureE)genuineF)graduallyG)ignoreH)insistI)problemJ)recogniseK)scaleL)strategyM)urgentN)urgeO)wasteEveryyearseveralmilliontonnesofplasticentertheocean,andthe（221）____isgrowingfasterthananyclean-upcankeeppacewith.Sunlightandwavesbreakthematerialintofragmentssmallerthanagrainofrice,whicharenowfoundinseaice,indeepsedimentsandinthefleshoffish.Theexact（222）____isdisputed,butnoseriousresearcherdoubtsthetrend.Cleaningthesurfaceispopularwithdonors,yetit（223）____onlyasmallshareofthewaste;mostofitsinksordriftsbelowthereachofskimmers.Amoreeffective（224）____,manyscientistsargue,istointerceptrubbishinriversbeforeitreachesthesea.Thatrequiresbetterwastecollectionintheregionswhereleakageishighest,whichinturn（225）____investmentinbasicinfrastructure.Somecampaignsalso（226）____consumerstorefusesingle-useitems,thoughcriticssaysuchappealsshiftresponsibilityfromproducerstoindividuals.Legalactioni