考研英语二2025年真题解析版含答案详解完形阅读翻译写作精讲可打印

2025年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）☆考生注意事项☆2.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须3.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂考生编号考生姓名Readthefollowingtext.Choosedecades,notleastbecausepeople'swidesprethere'ssomethingyoucan'with.7someonestartstohelp,perhapsthey'lltayourearlierefforts.Yetanother8thatyoumightnuisanceor9thepersony request.Youmightseesuchstatusofyourrelationshipwiththem.To13thesedifficulties,trytoremindyourselfthateveryoneneedshelpsometimes.Nobodincompetent,there'sactuallyresearchthatshowsthataPerhapsmostencouragingofallisapaperfrom2022byreStanfordUniversity,inCalifornia,thatinvThefindingsshowedthathelppeople,havingthechanccareoverwhoyouaskannow,avoidtakingitpersonally.Theymightjustbetoo20,ortheymightnotfeelconfidentaboutt英语(二)试题.1.(共15页)1.A.illusionB.discussio2.A.reluctanceB.ambition3.A.attentionB.talen6.A.doubtsB.concernsC.suggestionsD.secr7.A.OnceB.Unless8.A.theoryB.choiceC.factorD.cont11.A.decliningB.considering12.A.unnecessaryB.negativeC.strange13.A.explain16.A.recallB.class17.A.braveB.disappro18.A.relaxingB.surprisingC.rewarding20.A.politeB.proudC.busyD.lazy英语(二)试题.2.(共15页)英语(二)试题.3.(共15页)historicallfwage.Intheearly2010s,awiderangeToday'stiprequestsareoftennotconnethatusedtodetermineIt'sbecomingmorecommofTippinghasalwaysbeenavitalsourceofincomeforworkersinhistorictippedservices,likerestaurants,wherethetippedminimumwagecanbeaslasUS$2.13anhour.TipcreepandtipfNotably,tippingprimarilybenefitssomeoftheseworkers,suchaswaitpaidfairwages,somerestaurantsbaSo,toincreaseemployeewageswithoutraisiaresuccumbingtothetemptationsoftipcrecustomersarefrustratedbecausetheyfeeltheyarebeingas英语(二)试题.4.(共15页)23.Tiprequestsarecreepingintonewkindsofservicesasaresultof25.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagra英语(二)试题.5.(共15页)Whenitwasestablished,theNationalHealthService(NHS)wasvisionary:offeringhigh-quality,timelycaretomeettisclearthatthemodelisoutofbehindmanyofourpeers.Withmorethan6.8milliononwaitlists,healthcareisbecomingincreasinglyinaccessibleforthosewhocannotopttopayforprivatreatment;andthecostofprovipressuresontheworkforneedtobemuchbetteratreducinganddivertingdemandonhealtprimarycaretoreduceourrelianceonhospitals.Andcaptobegreater,tosupportthegrowingnumberofpeoplelivingwithlong-termYetdespitetwodecadesofstrategiesandanumberofmajorwehavefailedtomakemeaningfulprogressonanyoftheseaims.ThatiswhytheReformthinktankislaunchinganewprogrammeofworkenthealth”,supportedbytenformerhealtmuchmoreopenandhonestconversationaboutthefutureofhealthintheUK,andan“urgentrethink”ofthehospital-centricThismustbeginwiththequestionofhowwemaximisethehealtnation,ratherthan“fix”theNHS.Itisestimated,forexample,taccountsforonlyaboutstrategyforimprovingthesesocpricetagoftreatingtheillnesses,likediabetReformwantstoaskhowpowerandamuchbetterunderstandingoftheneedsoftheirpopulations?英语(二)试题.6.(共15页)28.“ReimagininghealthA.reinforcehospitalmB.readjusthealthcare29.Tomaximisethenation'shealth,theauthorsuggeA.introducingrelevanttaxatiA.exercisetheirpowermorereasonablyD.understandpeople'shealthneText3callsforhospitalspatients,andadvisesButimplementationofexistingHAPshafromtheCenterforPolicyRAndtheirtriggeringthresholdsoftenarenotcustomizedtothsomeareas,highdaytimetemperaMumbai'sAprilheatandlocalizedwarnings,researcherssay.Thatnationalmeteorologicalauthorities.ButtheeffectsofTohelpimproveHAPs,urbanplannerKotharkar'steamisworkinfocusresponsesonthepopulationsmostatrisk.couldgetspecialwarningsorbebolsteredwithcoolingcenters.TheNagpurHAPsshouldn’tjustincludeshort-teguideeffortstoretrofitho英语(二)试题.7.(共15页)英语(二)试题.8.(共15页)32.OneproblemwithexistingHAPsi34.KotharkarholdsthatavulnerabilitymapcanhelpD.makereliefplansforheat-strickenpeop35.AccordingtothelastparagraphB.invitewiderpublicpartiD.serveabroaderrangeofpu英语(二)试题.9.(共15页)Navigatingbeyondtheorganisedpavementsandparksofoururbanspaces,desirepathsaretheunoffiUrbanplannersinterpretdesitheyoffervaluableinsightsintothedynamicsbetweenplanningandbehaviour.centreofcampus,freely,thenproceededtopavethedesirepaths,creatingawebmembers,showcasesimagesoflocaldesirepathsadornedwithsignsinstructinginherentinthesehuman-madetracks.Thisclashhighlightsbetweentheorganic,user-drivenevolutionofpublicTheWickquasgeckTrailisanexampleofahistoricaldesirepath,createdbyquickly.Thistrail,whenDutchcolonistsarrived,waswidenedaofthemaintraderoadsacrosstheisland,knownatthetimeaofstories,fromlittle-knownnewshortcutstolong-establishedalternateroutecarvingdirectroutesingardens,highlighttheadaptabilityofthesetrailsinboth英语(二)试题.10.(共15页)C.guidesthecreationofitD.takesapositiveviewofdesirepathsA.conflictingopinionsontheuseofdesirepathsB.thecalltoupgradethedesigningofpublicspacesC.thedemandforproperplanningofdesirepaths39.TheexampleoftheWickquaB.theDutchoriginofdD.therecognitionofdesirepaths40.ItcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatdesirB.arecrucialtohumans'mentalC.areahumanimitationofanimalbehaviour英语(二)试题.11.(共15页)Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyaretwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.Markitself.Why?Becausewritinganewscript—literallyorabiggerchangelikeaddingonFridays,you'reaskingotherstoreimaginetheirworkflowomention,iftheprocessyouthepossibilityofhurtfeelings.Togainbuy-inonaninnovative,newidea,follow英语(二)试题.12.(共15页)eatideasdon'tstandalone.IrSometimesitmakessensetogotoyourbossfirst.ButotodiscusshowmuchtimethesekindsofwebsiteupdateswoulOneofthebiggestbarrierstogainingbuy-inoccurswhentheownerofanideaisviewedasargumentative,defensive,orclose-minded.Because,let'sbehonest:Noonelikesaknow-it-all.So,ifpeopledisagreewithyou,don'tbeindignant.Instead,listentotheirconcernsfullincludetheirconcerns(andpossibleofsaying,"Martha,ourcurrenforourstakeholders,butIwonderifwemightbcouldbuildonthat—andbeclearerfornewcustomers.”lightofwhatevertheproblemtheoldsystemsolved—or,maybe,hasfailedtof英语(二)试题.13.(共15页)Whenpitchinganewidea,it'siinsteadofthelanguageofdeficit.Insteadofsayingwhatiswrong,broken,orYouknowthemoment—theconversationslows,thenthere'saduringconversations,inclthatthefearofawkwardsilencescanbesoextremethatpeogapstheresawincreasedconnection.Betweenfriends英语(二)试题.14.(共15页)Writeanessaybasedont英语(二)试题.15.(共15页)2025年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题参考答案与解析1.答案【D】【解析】Psychologistshavebeeninterestedinthis___fordecades中this回指首句“求助困难”这一现象，属研究“问题”，故填question；illusion错觉、discussion讨论、tradition传统都不能与interestedin搭配指一个待解释的议题。2.答案【A】【解析】people'swidespread___toaskforhelphasledtosomehigh-profilefailures需要一个表示“不愿开口”的名词，reluctance（不情愿）与后文failures构成因果；ambition雄心、tendency倾向（中性，不能解释失败）、enthusiasm热情均不符。3.答案【C】【解析】本段展开“求助意味着暴露弱点、担心失控”，故Askingforhelptakes___应选courage（勇气），与后文种种顾虑呼应；attention注意力、talent天赋、patience耐心都不能概括“要克服心理负担”。4.答案【B】【解析】前句说“你要传达自己做不到某事”，本句You'rebroadcastingyourownweaknesses是对前句的换言解释，Inotherwords（换言之）最贴切；Atanytime随时、Byallmeans当然、Onthecontrary相反都不表“换句话说”。5.答案【D】【解析】broadcastingyourownweaknesses,whichcanbe___描述暴露弱点的感受，uncomfortable（令人不适的）与上文takescourage的“心理成本”一致；unrealistic不现实、deceptive欺骗性的、tiresome令人厌烦均不合。6.答案【B】【解析】Youmighthave___aboutlosingcontrolofwhateveritisyou'reaskingforhelpwith指对“失去掌控”的担忧，concerns（顾虑）与worry同义复现；doubts怀疑（搭配havedoubtsabout尚可，但下文8空anotherfactor已提“担心成为麻烦”，此处concerns与上句worry平行最佳）、suggestions、secrets均错。7.答案【A】【解析】空格引导“一旦有人开始帮忙，也许他会接手”这一条件，Once（一旦）引导时间条件状语从句最合；Unless除非、Although虽然、Before在……之前都使逻辑关系失真。8.答案【C】【解析】Yetanother___thatyoumightbeworriedabout承接上文列举的多项担心，需要一个概括“因素”的词，factor正确；theory理论、choice选择、context语境都不能指“又一个顾虑”。9.答案【D】【解析】beinganuisanceor___thepersonyougotoforhelp与nuisance并列，须为“给别人添麻烦”之意，inconveniencing（给……带来不便）最合；overpraising过度称赞、outperforming胜过、reassessing重新评估语义均不成立。10.答案【A】【解析】Ifyoustrugglewithlowself-esteem,youmightfinditespeciallydifficultto___forhelp与全文“求助”主题一致，reachout（主动联系、求助）为固定搭配；settledown安定、turnover翻转、lookback回顾都不合。11.答案【A】【解析】theaddedworryoftheotherperson___yourrequest后文suchrefusals提示此处指“对方拒绝”，declining（婉拒）与refusals同义复现；considering考虑、criticizing批评、evaluating评估都不产生“拒绝”的结果。12.答案【B】【解析】Youmightseesuchrefusalsasimplyingsomething___aboutthestatusofyourrelationship指被拒绝所暗示的负面含义，negative最贴切；unnecessary不必要、strange奇怪、impractical不切实际都不能与implying...abouttherelationship搭配。13.答案【D】【解析】To___thesedifficulties,trytoremindyourselfthateveryoneneedshelpsometimes指“克服”前述心理障碍，overcome（克服）与difficulties为固定搭配；explain解释、identify识别、predict预测都不能表达“解决困难”。14.答案【D】【解析】whileyoumight___comingacrossasincompetent与前文worryaboutcomingacrossasincompetent呼应，fear（担心、害怕）最合；deny否认、forget忘记、miss错过均不表“担心”。15.答案【B】【解析】researchthatshowsthatadvice-seekersare___asmorecompetent,notless需要一个“被认为”的动词，perceived（被视为）与asmorecompetent搭配；disguised伪装、followed跟随、introduced介绍都不合。16.答案【A】【解析】askingpeopleto___timesthey'dsoughthelpinthepast指回忆过去求助的经历，recall（回想起）最贴切；classify分类、analyse分析、compare比较都不与times搭配表示“回忆往事”。17.答案【C】【解析】help-seekersgenerallyunderestimatehow___otherpeoplewillbetohelp指低估他人的“意愿”，willing（愿意的）与bewillingtohelp固定搭配；brave勇敢、disapproving不赞成、hesitant犹豫都与underestimate的逻辑相反或不合。18.答案【C】【解析】formostpeople,havingthechancetohelpsomeoneishighly___说明助人带来的正向体验，rewarding（有回报的、令人满足的）最合；relaxing放松、surprising令人惊讶、demanding费力的都不符“助人有益”。19.答案【B】【解析】,takecareoverwhoyouask与上句并列提出另一条建议，Also（另外）最自然；Thus因此、Finally最后、Instead相反都会破坏并列关系。20.答案【C】【解析】Theymightjustbetoo___,ortheymightnotfeelconfidentabouttheirabilitytohelp解释对方此刻帮不上忙的客观原因，busy（忙碌）最合；polite礼貌、proud自豪、lazy懒惰都不足以构成合理解释。21.答案【B】【解析】首段称顾客历来会给restaurantsserversearninglessthantheminimumwage小费，说明小费是服务员赖以生存的收入，wasconsideredessentialforwaiters正确；A慷慨之举、C奖励勤勉、D多数行业可选均与“服务员工资低于最低标准”这一事实不符。22.答案【C】【解析】第四、六段强调tippingnowseems...completelydisassociatedfromservicequality，即与服务质量脱钩，havelesstodowithservicequality正确；A频率更低与tipcreep相反，B更少预先索取与tipsrequestedbeforehand相反，D对收入贡献更小与supplementingincome相反。23.答案【A】【解析】第四段Theprevalenceofdigitalpaymentdeviceshasmadeiteasiertoaskcustomersforatip直接给出原因，theadvancementoftechnology对应准确；B、D是结果而非原因，C无据。24.答案【D】【解析】第五段Toensurethatallemployeeswerepaidfairwages,somerestaurantsbannedtipping，目的是让所有员工拿到公平报酬，guaranteeincomefairness正确；A促进消费、B拓宽收入来源、C维持合理价格都不是禁令的初衷。25.答案【A】【解析】末段manycustomersarefrustratedbecausetheyfeeltheyarebeingaskedfortoohighofatip,toooften，说明小费已成负担，isbecomingaburdenforcustomers正确；B与“与服务质量脱钩”相反，C、D无据。26.答案【B】【解析】第二段Withmorethan6.8milliononwaitlists,healthcareisbecomingincreasinglyinaccessible，且各项指标laggingbehindpeers，说明难以满足民众需求，canhardlysatisfypeople'sneeds正确；A资金不足、C留不住员工、D与私立竞争均非这两段要点（原文说的是workforcepressures，未到“留不住”）。27.答案【C】【解析】第三段Muchmoreneedstobeinvestedincommunitiesandprimarycare明确指出对策，increaseresourcesforprimarycare正确；A提高医院效率、B减轻社会护理负担、D减少社区压力都与“加大对社区与基层投入”相反或无关。28.答案【C】【解析】第四段Reform发起“Reimagininghealth”计划，呼吁an“urgentrethink”ofthehospital-centricmodel，即重构以医院为中心的模式，restructurethehealthsystem正确；A强化医院管理、B调整监管、D恢复已停改革均不符。29.答案【B】【解析】第五段Muchmoreimportantaretheplaceswelive,workandsocialise...socialdeterminantsofhealth，主张重视社会因素，payingdueattentiontosocialfactors正确；A税收政策、C重新评估健康结果、D提升医疗质量都不是该段主张。30.答案【C】【解析】末段提出whatshouldbegiventolocalleaders,...withamuchbetterunderstandingoftheneedsoftheirpopulations，言下之意是地方领导者应在卫生体系中承担更大作用，playabiggerroleinthehealthsystem正确；A、B、D均非该句推论。31.答案【A】【解析】首段Nagpur的方案要求医院设“冷病房”救治中暑者、建议建筑商在酷热天让工人休息，均属应对极端高温，tackleextremeweather正确；B施工质量、C监测预警、D工作量过大都不是这些措施的目的。32.答案【B】【解析】第二段theirtriggeringthresholdsoftenarenotcustomizedtothelocalclimate，即缺乏本地化的预警触发标准，lacklocalizedalert-issuingcriteria正确；A成本过高、C反应迟缓、D医院压力均非该段所列问题。33.答案【A】【解析】第三段指出孟买当日气温未达警戒线，但humidity...anoftenneglectedfactor放大了影响，说明预警体系需纳入温度之外的因素，includeotherfactorsbesidestemperature正确；B细微天气变化、C优先关注灾害性热浪、D争取地方支持均不准确。34.答案【B】【解析】第四段avulnerabilitymaptohelpfocusresponsesonthepopulationsmostatrisk，第五段又说可据图给特殊警告或增设纳凉点，即锁定需重点关注区域，targetareasneedingspecialattention正确；A防湿度危害、C扩大项目覆盖、D为灾民制定救援计划均属曲解。35.答案【D】【解析】末段HAPsshouldn'tjustincludeshort-termemergencyresponses,butalsorecommendmedium-tolong-termmeasures，说明行动计划应服务更广泛的目标，serveabroaderrangeofpurposes正确；A更关注中暑救治、B公众参与、C申请拨款均无据。36.答案【C】【解析】首段revealingtheunspokenpreferences,sharedshortcuts...togofrompointAtopointBmosteffectively，说明出于走捷径的便利倾向，thetendencytopursueconvenience正确；A好奇、B保护绿地、D独处之乐均无据。37.答案【D】【解析】第二段OhioStateUniversityalloweditsstudentstonavigate...freely,thenproceededtopavethedesirepaths，学校顺势铺路，说明持肯定态度，takesapositiveviewofdesirepaths正确；A、C、D均与“先放任后铺设”的行为相反或无据。38.答案【A】【解析】第三段Reddit页面展示带“请走指定步道”标牌的desirepaths照片，评论称其凸显thesehuman-madetracks的反叛性，说明对“踩出的捷径”存在对立看法，conflictingopinionsontheuseofdesirepaths正确；B、C、D均非图片所反映的争议焦点。39.答案【D】【解析】第四段WickquasgeckTrail由原住民踩出，后经荷兰殖民者拓宽为主干贸易道路（今百老汇），说明这类自发路径最终被正式承认并纳入城市道路，therecognitionofdesirepaths正确；A城市成长、B荷兰起源、C规划重要性都不合。40.答案【D】【解析】末段Animaldesirepaths...highlighttheadaptabilityofthesetrailsinbothhumanandanimalexperiences，即人与动物共有同一特征，showasharedtraitinhumansandanimals正确；A尊崇自然、B心理健康、C模仿动物行为均属过度推演。41.答案【F】【解析】该段主张can'tmentionyoursuggestiononceandexpectittobeadopted...championyourplanandsellitsmerits，即要像推销一样反复说明价值，对应FBeasalesman。42.答案【C】【解析】该段谈gotoyourbossfirst或buildacoalitionamongco-workers，强调借助不同沟通渠道争取支持，对应CUsechannels。43.答案【G】【解析】该段告诫Noonelikesaknow-it-all...don'tbeindignant,listentotheirconcernsfully，即保持谦逊、容纳异议，对应GBehumble。44.答案【B】【解析】该段称Newideasarethegrandchildrenofoldones...don'tthrowoldsolutionsunderthebus，即尊重既有做法，对应BRespectthepast。45.答案【A】【解析】该段要求usethelanguageofabundanceinsteadofthelanguageofdeficit...Beoptimisticbutrealistic，即保持积极，对应AStaypositive。46.参考答案你知道那种时刻吧——谈话慢了下来，接着是一阵停顿。场面很尴尬，尴尬到有些人会慌了神，随口说些什么。我们是否都觉得这样的沉默令人倍感压力呢？研究人员分析了谈话中超过两秒的停顿出现的频率及其影响，并综述了以往研究：这些研究表明，人们对尴尬沉默的恐惧可能严重到宁可回避与陌生人交谈，尽管交谈本身很可能是一段愉快的经历。在停顿短暂的交谈中，人们会觉得自己与谈话对象更为亲近。可一旦进入长时间的停顿，这种亲近感便明显下降。陌生人之间的长停顿之后，往往伴随着话题的转换。但对朋友之间的谈话来说，情况似乎恰恰相反：那里的长停顿反而带来更强的联结感。朋友之间，较长的停顿似乎为思考与倾诉提供了自然而然的时机。【解析】第一段theconversationslows,thenthere'sapause宜译“谈话慢下来，接着出现停顿”；soawkwardthatsomepeoplewillpanicandsayanything中sayanything是“随口乱说”，不可直译为“说任何话”。第二段gapsgreaterthan2seconds译为“超过两秒的停顿”，anoverviewofpreviousstudies是“对既有研究的综述”，注意indicate后宾语从句的“恐惧—回避—仍然愉快”三层让步关系。第三段markedlydip译“明显下降”。末段theoppositeseemstobetrue译“情况似乎恰恰相反”，naturalmomentsforreflectionandexpression译为“自然而然的思考与表达时机”，不可漏译expression。47.参考答案DearJohn,IamwritingtotellyouaboutashortplayIamplanning.ItisadaptedfromaclassicChinesenovel,andIhavechosentheepisodeinwhichacleverservantoutwitsapompousofficial—ascenethatisbothamusingandfulloftension.Theplaywillr