新编剑桥商务英语unit1.ppt

1、BusinessEnglish,1.1Waysofworking,1.2Makingcontacts,Module1Businesstopic,Vocabulary,Listening,Speaking,Differentwaysofworking,Amini-presentation,Reading,Howtojob-share,Workingfromhome,1.1Waysofworking,Vocabulary,Differentwaysofworking1.Howdoyoustudymosteffectively?Byworking,*atthesametimeeveryday/atd

2、ifferenttimeoftheday?*earlyinthemorning/lateatnight?*onyourown/withothers?*athome/atyourplaceofstudy(schoolorcollege)?,2.Matchthesewaysofworking1-8todefinitionsA-I.Doyouworkinanyoftheseways?,0freelance1teleworking2job-sharing3shift-work4part-time5temping6consultancy7flexitime8hot-desking,AYouworkdur

3、ingdifferentpartsoftheday(eg.nights).BYousellyourworkorservicestoanumberofdifferentcompanies.CYouworkfordifferentcompaniesforashorttimewithoutapermanentcontract.DYouworkanumberofhoursperweekormonthbutyoudecidewhenyoustartorfinish.EYoudonthaveapermanentplaceorofficetoworkat,butyoufindaplacetoworkwhen

4、youarrive.FYouworkforacompanyfromhomeviaemail,phoneortheInternet.GYouonlyworkforsomeoftheweek(notfull-time).HYoudoyourjobforpartoftheweekandanotherpersondoesitfortheotherpart.IYouarentemployedbyacompany,butarepaidtogivespecialistadvice.,UsefulTerms,Freelance(自由职业)Workingindependentlyandontemporaryco

5、ntractsratherthanforalong-termemployer.Whatprofessionsaresuitableforfreelancing?SOHO：指在家办公的自由职业者,smalloffice/homeoffice,UsefulTerms,Teleworking(远程办公/居家办公)Acatch-alltermdescribinganywayofworkingatadistanceusingacombinationofcomputersandtelecommunications.Itisoftenassociatedwithhome-basedworking,butin

6、cludesmobileworking,etcCompare:WorkfromHomevs.WorkatHome,workfromhomeItmeansyouhaveaworksomewhereandanofficeatyourworkcompanyorinstitution,butforthetimebeingyoustayathomebutstillwork;workathomeItoftenmeansyoudontworkasanemployee.Youstilldosomethingtomakeyourliving,inthiscaseyouworkathome.,UsefulTerm

7、s,Telecommuting(远程办公/居家办工)Thistermisusedinterchangeablywithteleworking,andisthemorecommontermintheUS.Theconceptualemphasisisonreplacingthecommutejourneythroughelectronicaccesstotheworkplace.wordextension:telecommuter/home-basedworker远程办公者,CaseStudy,请员工回家办公惠普年省二亿美元在IBM中国，梁的经历通过IBM一个叫“灵活办公”的计划所广泛分享。自从

8、灵活办公计划在2001年被第一次推广到中国以来，IBM在中国的9000多名员工中有2/3都通过加入这个计划，从而使自己的工作初步打破了时间和空间的限制。IBM希望为员工创造一个更加舒心，并且适合各自工作性质的环境，从而增加员工的生产效率，提高他们对企业的忠诚。,CaseStudy,从上个世纪90年代以来，在家工作在各个主要的工业化国家已经成为一种比较普遍的现象。而在中国，有越来越多的证据表明，一种类似的革命也正在进行。北京零点调查公司在2004年公布的一项调查报告指出，北京在家工作的人数已经突破18.8万人。而一些其他的数据则称北京在家工作的人数已经超过100万，上海则超过70万。其实，大多数

9、中国人第一次接触在家工作是在2003年当非典病毒袭击北京的时候。随后各种无线技术和网络电话技术的大规模应用又使得远程办公越来越成为一种传统的工作方式的替代品。,CaseStudy,事实上，作为一种直接减少成本的方法，很多公司已经开始鼓励员工在家办公。中国惠普计划今年在中国减少9个办公室，所有这些办公室的员工都会被要求在家办公。由于在全球范围内都采取了和中国类似的措施，2006年惠普成功地减少了2亿美元的营运成本，相当于公司年收入的0.2%。惠普的目标是到2008年，每年在全球再减少2亿美元的营运成本。中国日报,UsefulTerms,ShiftWork(轮班工作)Workthatisbroke

10、nintochunksoftimee.g.thedayshiftmaybe8a.m.to4p.m.;thenightshiftmidnightto8a.m.,etc.RelatedTerm:OT(overtimepay加班工资),UsefulTerms,Temping(做临时工)Workingshortemploymenttaskswithavarietyofclients,usuallythroughatempingagencyorstaffingfirm.Previouslytempsweremostlyadministrative,butjob-seekerscannowfindtemp

11、ingagenciescoveringmostprofessions.Whataretheadvantagesoftemping?Tempingisgreatforbuildingresume,learningskills,networking-andjobflexibilityandvariety.,UsefulTerms,Flexitime(弹性工作时间)Flexitime(flexibleworktime)isthemostpopularflexibleworkarrangementthatrequiresemployeestoworkastandardnumberofhourseach

12、weekbutallowsthemtochoosetheirownstartingandquittingtime.However,aportionofeachdayisdesignatedascoretime/hourswhenallemployeesmustbepresent.Compare:Flexitimevs.Teleworking,Whataretheadvantagesofflexitime?,UsefulTerms,Consultancy(顾问工作)Theactofanindividualororganizationprovidingprofessionaladvicetooth

13、ersforafee.Awidevarietyofconsultantsexistformanyareasoforganizationalconcerns,includingmanagement,accounting,finance,andlegalandtechnicalmatters.Consultancy咨询专家，咨询类公司,UsefulTerms,Hotdesking(办公桌轮用)Moreproductiveuseofofficespace;ofteninvolves,toagreaterorlesserextent,eliminatingpersonalownershipofdesk

14、s.Itisamethodofsharingdesks,withworkerswhoareusuallyworkingelsewherebookingspacetowork.Thishasbeenmadeeasierbytheuseoflaptopsandjustbeingabletoplugthesestraightintodockingpointsateverydesk.Thisallowsworkerstocarryouttheirtasksanywherewhentheyareworkingfromtheirownlaptop.Thinkabout:Whatareadvantagesa

15、nddisadvantagesofhotdesking?,Advantages:Costsavinginfurnitureandoverheads（管理费）suchaselectricity,phonebills,computermaintenance,rent,air-conditioning,etc.Disadvantage:nopersonalterritory（地盘，领域）orprivacy,3.Matchthecommentstothedifferentwaysofworkings.P6,4.Workinpairs.Thinkofsomeadvantagesordisadvantag

16、esforeachwayofworkinginexercise2.,BACK,4.Readaboutjob-sharing.Writetheseheadingsintoeachparagraph.,Getorganized,Setyourlimits,Putpentopaper,Twobecomeone,Openyourmind,Planfordisaster,Findtheperfectpartner,Dontfeelguilty,Howtojob-shareWouldntitbeniceiftheworkingweekfinishedonWednesday?Withajob-shareit

17、can.Herestheessentialguidetomakingitwork.(0)Findtheperfectpartner.Findsomeoneyoulike.Bepreparedtocommunicateandsharecreditandblame,saysCarolSavage,themanagingdirectorofFlexecutive,aflexibleworkingconsultancy.(1)_Bossesshouldconsiderrequestsforflexibleworkingfromemployeeswithchildrenundersix.Soembrac

18、ethebenefits:Twiceasmuchexperience,skills,brainpowerandenergy,Savagesays.(2)_Alwaysdiscusstheworst-casescenarios.WhenMargaretMills,ateacher,lostherjob-sharepartnerbecauseofafamilyillness,areturntofull-timeworkseemedinevitable.Wehadbeenover-optimistic.Ididmanagetofindsomeoneelsewhofittedinwithme,butI

19、wasverylucky.,Reading,Openyourmind,Planfordisaster,(3)_Planthesystemforhandingworkovercarefullyandplaytoeachothersdifferentstrengths.Delegatetheworkloadaccordingtoeachothersparticularskillsandqualities.(4)_Managershouldclarifywhattheyexpectintermsofhours,availabilityandresults,andemployeesshouldmana

20、getheiremployersexpectations.SueOsborn,ajob-sharerfor21years,says,Wereoftenaskedtodofive-dayweeks.Eventuallyyoujusthavetosayno.(5)_Agreeinwritingarrangementsforholidays,parentalleave,retirement,etc.everyoneshouldknowwheretheystandfromthebeginning.(6)_Donotworkuntil1amathometomakeupfornotbeingintheof

21、ficeeveryday.(7)_Clientsmaynotlikehavingtodealwithtwopeopleworkingcloselytogether.AsSavagesays:Ajob-shareshouldbelikeamarriage-onevoice,oneunit.,BACK,Getorganized,Setyourlimits,Putpentopaper,Dontfeelguilty,Twobecomeone,UsefulTerms,Job-sharing(工作分担/輪班做事):akindofflexibleworkarrangementAlternativeworks

22、cheduleinwhichtwoemployeesvoluntarilysharetheresponsibilitiesofonefulltimejob,andreceivesalaryandbenefitsonpro-ratabasis(按比例均摊).Forexample,onepersonmayworkinacertainpositionMondayandTuesday,andasecondpersonmayoccupythatsamepositionThursdayandFriday.ThetwopeoplemaybothworkonWednesdayandusethattimetou

23、pdateeachotheronthecurrentstatusofthevariousprojectsonwhichtheycollaborate.Avarietyofotherarrangementsarepossibleaswell.,Comparison:Sharingajobvs.doingajobpart-timeWhydopeopleshareajob/position?Someonewouldconsiderjobsharingwhentheyfeelthatbecauseofpersonalresponsibilitiestheycannolongerworkonafullt

24、imebasis.Jobsharingallowsanindividualtocreateasenseofbalanceintheirlives,whilestillbeingabletopreservetheircareerskillsandstatuswithintheirprofession.,UsefulTerms,UsefulTerms,UsefulTerms,ParentalLeave(育儿假:包括分娩假和领养假)Parentalleaveisanemployeebenefitthatprovidespaidorunpaidtimeoffworktocareforachildorm

25、akearrangementsforthechildswelfare.Often,thetermparentalleaveincludesmaternity(分娩假),paternity（父亲育婴假）,andadoptionleave（领养假）.Oftentheminimumbenefitsarestipulated(规定；保证）bylaw.,ParentalLeavebyCountry,Country,PaidMaternalLeave,PaidPaternalLeave,UnpaidMaternalLeave,UnpaidPaternalLeave,ParentalLeavebyCount

26、ry,Shareof104weeks(2years)withmother,4weeksnon-paidannually(max13weeks)givenatleastoneyearscontinuousemployment,12weeks,6.Woulditbeeasytojob-share?（Speakingtest）,YesHavemoretimewithchildrenWithlessworkstressCanhavemorefreetimeCanhavesomeonetosharecreditandblame,NoDifficulttofindsomeoneyoulikeNeedtoc

27、oordinatewiththeotherpersonTendtoworklateatnightNeedcarefulplanningtoplaytoeachothersdifferentstrengths,Listening,1.YouwillhearawomancalledMichelatalkingaboutworkingfromhome.1)Whatdoesshesayisimportantwhenworkingfromhome?,2)Whatdoesshethinkaresomeoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthiswayofworking?,Ha

28、veatimetableandsticktoit.,Advantages:-youspendmoretimewiththechildren-moreflexibility-thecompanysavesmoneyonofficespacenocommutingDisadvantages:sometimesyouworkintheeveningyoumisspeopleandofficenews,2Listenagainandanswerthefollowing.1)CompletethenotesaboutMichelastypicalday.,7:00getup,getthekidsread

29、y8:309:0012:0014:30,takekidstoschool,startwork,havelunch,finishwork,2)Howlonghasshebeenwithhercurrentemployer?Howlonghasshebeenhome-working?,Shesbeenwithhercurrentemployersincesheleftschool,butshesbeenhome-workingforfiveyears.,3)Isshedoinganythingdifferentfromnormalthisweek?,Shesgoingtotheofficeever

30、ydaytomeetvisitors.,BACK,Grammar-Presenttenses,3.Matchthesentencesfromthelisteningtothegrammarexplanations.P84.Namethetensesinexcise3.P8,Grammar-Presenttenses,Notice:,5.Writingtheverbinbracketsinitscorrectform.P9,Part6.Amini-presentation,Examtips1.Makesurethatyoucoverthepointsonthecard2.Remembertoad

31、dsomeofyourownideas3.Usewordssuchasbecause,howeverandalthough4.Thinkofaquestiontoasktheothercandidate,Amini-presentation,Choosetopic,然后把题念一遍。总括Ithinktherearethreepoints/aspectstoconsider.First,把题卡上第一点说一下，然后用两三句话解释Second,把题卡上第二点说一下，然后用两三句话解释Third,把你发挥的第三点说一下，然后用两三句话解释总结：Inconclusion,/Insummary,Ithink

32、三个要点重复一下areimportantwhendoingsth.(重复一下原题的要求）Thankyou!或Well,IthinkIhavecoveredthemainpoints.Thankyou!,Speaking,Amini-presentation,A:Whatisimportantwhen?Job-sharingFindsomeoneyoulike.Organizeandplanhowyousharethework.,B:Whatisimportantwhen?WorkingfromhomeSetupanofficespaceinthehouse.Planyourworkinghou

33、rsandyourbreaks.,back,参考答案,口语测试注意事项,1.一定要合理利用1分钟的准备时间，最好写下要点，以防忘记，造成发言不连贯。要点是指能起到提醒作用的单词或词组，不必写完整句子，时间太短，没有时间写完整句子。2.一定要尽量发挥第三点，以使你的发言丰满，同时也能使考官看到你语言和话语组织能力。但是如果实在想不出来第三点，就说提示的两点也可以，但是一定要说满一分钟，解释要点可以有详有略。注意采用总分总的方法，这样显得条理清楚。3.在听搭档发言时，就要努力想自己要提的问题，要根据搭档的发言提问，不要跑题。如果搭档讲的内容没有听明白，就根据你听懂的几个单词提问也可以。Whichd

34、oyouthinkisthemostimportantpoint?Why?(前提是搭档在发言时没有表明态度),要求搭档进一步解释某个要点。Iamveryinterestedin-Couldyoufurtherexplain-,please?提出自己看法，然后要求搭档评论。Ithink-isalsoimportant.Whatdoyouthinkofit?要求搭档说一下自己公司的有关情况？Couldyousaysomethingabout-inyourcompany,please4.回答搭档的问题时，不要简单回答Yes或No,要用两三句来解释。不知道如何回答，可以结合自己熟悉的事情，如自己生活和

35、工作经验等来回答，举例说明是个很好的方法，,1.2Makingcontacts,Developingaconversation,Vocabulary,Reading,Listening,Speaking,Lifesallaboutmakingconnections,Startingaconversation,Jobresponsibilities,Writing,Businesscorrespondence,1.2Makingcontacts,Vocabulary,JobresponsibilitiesTellyourpartneraboutyourjob.Usetheseexpression

36、sandchoosethecorrectpreposition.,Iworkof/for/aboutIminvolvedin/of/forImresponsiblefor/of/aboutIdealfor/with/ofIusuallyreportup/at/toIminchargefor/of/toIspecializeabout/in/for,Home,Reading,LifesallaboutmakingconnectionsReadthearticlebelowaboutsomenewnetworkinggroupsspecificallyforbusinesswomen.Choose

37、thebestwordA,BorCtofillthegaps1-10.1.A.attendingB.goingC.meeting2.A.ideasB.sugarC.money3.A.departmentB.companyC.group4.A.workB.chargeC.responsible5.A.toB.inC.about,Toyou,networkingmightmean(1)_aconferenceortradefaireventtomeetnewclientsorpartners.Oritcouldbethecoffeebreakatworkwhereyoushare(2)_withc

38、olleaguesinotherdepartments.Butnowadaysnetworkinghasbecomeaneventinitself.Forexample,PricewaterhouseCoopersofferitsfemalestaffaformalnetworking(3)_calledPwCwomen.With900members,itorganizeseventsrangingfrominformaldrinkseveningstocoachingevents.TinaHallet,whois(4)_forthegroup,saysthatshegotinvolved(5

39、)_networking,A,A,C,C,B,6.A.runB.controlC.produce7.A.speakB.knowC.be8.A.doB.seeC.make9.A.socializingB.workC.extra10.A.talkB.withC.success,BecauseIdgottoareasonablyseniorlevelandIwantedtohelpotherpeopletomaximizetheirpotential.Youdonthavetobeseniorto(6)_anetworkthough.VickyWoodandSallyHopkinshadtheide

40、afortheCityGirlsNetworkwhentheyfirstmovedintoLondonscorporateworldandwonderedhowtogetto(7)_otherwomen.Wecouldntfindanythingforpeoplewithnoexperience.Sowethoughtwedstartourown.Fromtwelvefriendsmeetingregularly,itrapidlygrewto250membersfrommanydifferentorganizations.Itsagreatwayto(8)_usefulcontactsand

41、bringinpotentialbusiness.FionaClutterbuckisco-chairofanetworkforthebankABNAMRO.Womentendtothinkofnetworkingas(9)_andgiveitlowpriority.butgiventhechance,womenwillnetworkasthebankslastspeednetworkingeventdemonstrated.Withover100womenandmen,itwasagreat(10)_.Itisamazinghowmanypeopleyougettomeetfromdiffe

42、rentpartsoftheorganization.,A,B,C,A,C,Listening,Startingaconversation,Listentofourpeoplestartingconversations.Ineachconversationdecidewherethespeakersaremakingcontact.Conversation1:_A.AtaconferenceConversation2:_B.OverdinnerConversation3:_C.InsomeonesofficeConversation4:_D.Onatrainingcourse,C,A,D,B,

43、Matchtheexpressionsonthelefttotheresponsesontheright.,0.IdliketointroduceyoutoMark.1.Nicetomeetyouatlast.2.Doyoutwoknoweachotheralready?3.Wouldyoulikeacoffee?4.Sohaveyouenjoyedthismorning?5.Isthisyourfirsttimeatoneoftheseevents?6.MayIjoinyou?7.YoureacolleagueofMartinObach,arentyou?8.Howdoyouknowhim?

44、9.Howmanychildrendoyouhave?10.HaveyoualwayslivedinLille?11.IknowyourcompanyislookingforapartneronthisThaiproject.,A.Yes,itis.Andyou?B.Hello,Marek.Howdoyoudo?C.Thanks.D.Pleasedtomeetyoutoo.E.Sure.F.Two.Twins.G.Yes,mostofmylife.H.Yes.Isthatsomethingyoumightbeinterestedin?I.Well,wevespokenonthephoneafe

45、wtimes.J.Yes,itwasveryinteresting.K.Thatsright.HeworksinourBarcelonaoffice.L.WewerebothatElcotiltogether.,InChina,_isacommontopictotalkabout.Goodtopicsfornetworkingwithwesternbusinesspeopleinclude_,workandlanguage.Safetotalkabouthobbies,travel,arts,sportsandfashion.Avoidpoliticsand_intheconversation

46、.Subjectslikesocialconditions,religionalconflicts,_shouldbeavoided.,Ex.10Makealistoftopicsfornetworking,Whatdoyouthinkaregoodtopicsfornetworking?,familyandchildren,weather,religion,sexandrace,Familymattersattimesisanunpleasanttopic.Itmaybeanintrusionofprivacytoaskaboutpersonalfinance.Uncivilizedtota

47、lkabout_suchasdog,rabbit,bird,andmonkey,Whatdoyouthinkaregoodtopicsfornetworking?,eatingpets,SpeakingDevelopingaconversation,Workasaclassorinlargegroups.Youareatanetworkingevent,sostandupandwalkaround.Meetonepersonandhavetheconversationbelow.Attheend,moveontoanewperson.,greettheotherperson,introduce

48、yourself,talkabouttheevent,describeyourjob,talkaboutwhereyoucomefrom,findareasonfordoingbusinessinthefuture,introduceyourpartnertosomeoneelse,meetanotherperson,Writing,Businesscorrespondence,备忘录（memo)，电子邮件（email），普通信件（letter）和便条（post-itnote）备忘录：是商务信函中的一种，主要用于公司内部对公司的职员、部门通报信息，如会议安排、情况报告、问题处理等。在英语中称之

49、为interofficememorandum，其复数为memoranda，简称memo。除了可以采用书面形式之外，备忘录也可以通过email发出。英文备忘录的一般格式如下：Body即内容是备忘录的主要部分，写作应该力求简明、确切。首先应直入主题，列出最重要的信息，然后可以具体说明事由、情况，提出意见和建议等，最后可以根据具体情况或重申主题或表示医院或感谢。需要指出的是，备忘录得末尾不需要签名。,To:From:Date:Subject:Body,1.ReadthecorrespondenceonEvelynsdeskandanswerthesequestions.,1)Isitallrelat

50、edtoherwork?2)Whichisformal?Whatisitaboutthecontentandlanguagewhichtellsyouthis?3)Whichisinternationalcommunication?Didanyoneelsereceiveit?4)Howisthememodifferenttotheletterandtheemail?Thinkaboutthefollowing:-thelayout-thebeginningandtheend-theparagraphs5)Findabbreviationswhichmeanthefollowing?-tele

51、phonenumber-assoonaspossible-at-Subject(or)Withreferenceto,Answer,To:AllStaffFrom:RayBonnerDate:24thJuneSubject:TrialofflexitimesystemFurthertoourpreviousmeeting,wearepleasedtobeabletoconfirmthatthenewflexitimesystemwillcomeintooperationasfrom1stAugust.Thesystemappliestoalladministrativeandofficesta

52、ff.MayIremindyouthatanyproductionstaffonthecurrentshiftsystemremainunaffectedbythesechanges.,From:evelynHi,RonaHowareyou?Igotanotetosayyoucalled.Greatnewsthatyoupassedyourfinalexam!ImsorrythatIdidntgetbacktoyoubutitsbeencrazyhere.Thenetworkwasdownforthreedayssoallourcustomerswerereceivingthewrongord

53、ers!Anyway,howaboutmeetingforlunchthisweek?Ifyoucantmakeit,dontforgetthepartythisweekend.Doyouwantmetopickyouupat8?Seeyousoon,Eve,DearMr.Hynes:RE:Replacementofitem00-A104Withregardtoyourletterdated12thJune,Iamwritingtoconfirmthatwecanofferyouareplacementitemandthiswillbesentouttoday.Iwouldliketoapol

54、ogizeforthedelaywiththis.Unfortunately,thiswasduetorecentchangestoournetwork.OnbehalfofLarBonnerIwouldliketothankyouforyourcustom.Welookforwardtoworkingwithyouagaininthefuture.YourssincerelyEvelynBoerCustomerServicesTel:0207865849,Eve-canyoucallsomeonecalledRonabackasap?Shepassed.,BACK,Answers:Theem

55、ailandpost-itnotearenotrelatedtoherwork.Thememoandtheletterareformalbecausetheyaregivinginformationandreplyingtoacustomerwithacomplaint.Thelanguageusesquitelongandfixedexpressions.Thememoisinternationalcommunicationbecauseitwassentwithinthecompany.Everyoneinthecompanyreceivedacopyofit.Thememousesthe