中考复习――构词法

1、构词法,构词法：,合成(Compounding),派生法（Derivation）,转化法（Conversion）,1.合成： 有两个或更多的词合成一个词。合成次的构成大致有以下几种情况。,1.复合名词：,reading-room,keyboard,seafood,doorbell,blackboard,gentleman,handwriting,best-seller,greenhouse,绅士,阅览室,书法,键盘,畅销书,海鲜,黑板,温室,门铃,2.复合形容词,long-hair first-class snow-white hand-made warm-hearted life-long

2、dark-blue good-looking underground,长发的,一流的,雪白的,手工的,热心的,终身的,深蓝的,好看的,地下的,3.复合动词：,safe-guard,half-understand,overcome,捍卫,一知半解,克服,4.复合数词,fifty-nine forty-five thirty-six ninty-nine,5.复合代词,some/any/no+thing/one/body,6.复合副词,sometimes alongside beforehand nearby,有时地,并排地,事先地,附近地,派生法（Derivation）-词缀法,1.加前缀的构词

3、法:,Pre-（前）,Pre-reading, Pre-liberation,Re-(重新),Rewrite, reconsider, reuse,dis-(不),disagree,Un-(不),untie, unfair, unbelievable,im-, un-, dis-,常表示否定,discover,disappear,2.后缀：,adj.-ness,Happiness, illness, selfishness,V-ment,Equipment, entertainment, amusement,名词性的词缀： -er, -ist, -or, -ship, -hood,n-ist,

4、Scientist, socialist,-ship,Leadership, friendship,-hood,Childhood, brotherhood,形容词词性的词缀：-able, -cal, -ish, -like, -ful, -ous, -al,acceptable, physical, childish, girlish, manlike, mouthful, hopeful, delicious, dangerous national, natural,副词性的词缀：-ly，-wards,quickly, softly, yearly, backwards, forwards,转化法（Conversion）,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,n.书籍,v.记载,record,n.记录,v. 记录,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He lies to record something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干净,v.清扫