中考英语语法讲解课件-定语从句

1、中考英语语法,定语从句,定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例） 例： Mary is a beautiful girl. The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk.,一个,戴眼镜的,高个子的,女生,a,tall,girl,with the glasses,who wears glasses,拆分法拆、找、合,一个戴眼镜的女孩在上课 拆：拆成有同一个字的两个句子。 一个女孩在上课，这个女孩戴眼镜。 找：找同一字 翻译句子 the gi

2、rl is having class; the girl wears glasses 根据特殊疑问句的知识，在第二句找出特殊疑问词 the girl wears glasseswho 合：把特殊疑问句紧挨着同一字放上去 The girl who wears glasses is having class,拆分法学定语从句,这个戴眼镜的学生在吃饭 拆：拆成有两个同一词的两个句子 这个学生在吃饭，这个学生戴眼镜 The student is having dinner, the student wears glasses 找: the student wears glasses-who 合: Th

3、e student who wears glasses is having dinner 我们用我05年买的电脑 拆：We use the computer, I bought the computer in 2005. 找： I bought the computer in 2005.which 合； We use the computer which/that/不填 I bought in 2005.,我在街上遇到了这个我以前在上海交的朋友 我在街上遇到了这个朋友，我以前在上海交朋友 I met the friend on the street. I made the friend in

4、Shanghai. Who/Whom I made in Shanghai. I met the friend who I made in Shanghai on the street 他喜欢这个以前唱流行歌曲的主持人host 他喜欢这个主持人，他以前唱流行歌 He likes the host. The host sang pop songs. He likes the host who sang pop songs. .,对物的定语从句,提高练习：请写全下列从句的连接词 他们享受了你们给的礼物 They enjoyed the gifts which you gave. They enjo

5、yed the gifts that you gave. They enjoyed the gifts you gave.(不填) 分析: 对物，宾格情况下，有三种连词which/ that/不填 汤姆收到了一份从伦敦邮寄来的卡片send Tom received a card. The card was sent in London. Tom received a card which/that was sent in London.,对状语的拆分,例: 我们参观了鲁迅曾经居住过的房子. 拆：We visited the house. Luxun lived in the house. 找：

6、Luxun lived in the house where 合: We visited the house where Luxun lived. 难点: 学习判断地点时，到底是宾语还是状语。宾语成分用which; 地点状语成分用where. 例: 我们待在据说是鲁班建造的房子里 拆: we stay in the house. It is said that Luban built the house. 找:It is said that Luban built the house.which 合: We stay in the house which it is said that Lub

7、an built.,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,Whose的用法,例：我喜欢去有悠久历史的地方 拆：I like to visit a place. The places history is long. 概念颠覆： His book whose book. Toms book whose book The places history whose history 找：The places history is long.whose 合: I like to visit a place whose history is long. 例：Do you

8、 know the woman whose name is Mary. 例：Pass me the dictionary of which cover is black. 总结：whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词. 对物可用whose, of which 两种,第三部分：介词问题,1)This is the hero( whom/that/who/不填) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud .,2)She is the girl whom/that/who/不填I went wit

9、h there. She is the girl with whom I went there.,注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at ,关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 和whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),第四部分：that问题,有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which,定语从句中需注意事项（一）,从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或 序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句. This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever he

10、ard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.,2. 先行词是all, something, nothing, anything不定代词时,只能用that. Here is something( that) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold.,先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引 出从句 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.,先行

11、词是one of,the one, 或用much, little, few, no, any 作修饰，用that Is it the one that you want ? We havent got much that you can offer us.,当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，关系词用that Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?, who、that在许多情况下 可以通用，但有时宜用who,而不用that,定语从句中需注意事项（二）,先行词是one

12、(s), anyone, someone, those 时，关系词使用who。 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. 在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.,不能用that的情况,1、非限制性定语从句不用that 2、介词前置时不用that 3、关系副词不用that,第五部分：关系副词,附加部分 关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它

13、和关系代词一样，具有 多重作用。 在从句中代替先行词。 在从句中作状语。 连接作用,关系副词有三种： where: 在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。 why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。,关系副词的用法： 1.where 的用法：(先行词应是地点名词） The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed,at the hotel.,We stayed,where.,先行词,关系词,从句,=The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.,时间状语when,例:我总是记得我们相遇的那一天 拆：我总是记得那一天。我们相遇在那一天。 I always remember the day. We met on the day. 找：on the day