人教版高一英语定语从句课件

1、,1. When talking about people, we use who, whom, whose, that; 2. When talking about things, we use which, that, whose.,Tips,Attributive Clause: 定语从句指在从句中起定语作用，并修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:, 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的

2、作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。 非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚.从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：,限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句,形式上 不用“，”与主句隔开 用 “，”与主句隔开,意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语, 如删除,主句失去意义或意思 表达不完整,译法上,关系词的使用上,只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思.,译成先行词的定语“的” 通常译成主句的并列句,1.作宾语时常省略 1.作宾语时不可省略,2.可用 that 2.不用t

3、hat,3.可用who代替 whom 3.不用who代替whom,a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865. b. He lives in another town, which is only about an hours ride from here. c. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. d. They set up a separ

4、ate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.,注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.作宾语时不能省略。,定语从句例句解析：,(1) The girl who/that is standing there is Mary. (2) The man ( whom/who/that ) my mother saw in the street is my teacher. (3) The book which/that

5、tells us about the earth is interesting.,( who, that指人，在从句中作主语）,(whom, who, that指人，在从句中作宾语，也可省略),(which, that指物，在从句中作主语,不可省略),(4) The building (which/that) he referred to is beautiful. (5) She lives in a house whose windows face south. (6) The company will employ a person whose English is good. The

6、book whose cover /the cover of which/ of which the cover is blue.,(which, that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）,(whose指物，在从句中作windows的定语）,(whose在从句中指人，作定语) Whose即可指人，也可指物，是所有格，在从句中作定语，指物时可与of which互换。,定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。,1.关系代词（who, whom, which, that，whose）,关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1、引导作用 2、替

7、代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用 E.g.： 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This is the house where he was born. 3.Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.,1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般只能用that,不可以用which:,a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something

8、(that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender.,当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时.,Notes,a. Ive read all the books (that) you gave me. b. Some students that were punished in the morning were asked by teacher. a. Thi

9、s is the first composition (that) he has written in English. b. Its the best novel (that) I have ever read., 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时.,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,a. That white flower is the only one (that) I really like. b. This is the very book (that) I want to find. a. Who is the per

10、son that is standing at the gate? b. Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? c. What that is on the table belongs to me?,先行词被one of , the right, the only, the very, the last 等修饰时., 当主句是特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that引导。,He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. Mary i

11、s no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no longer the country that it used to be., 当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句 要用that引导。, 当先行词在主句中或关系代词在从句 作表语时.,2.只能用which不能用that的情况:, 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时.,a. Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking. b. He came late again, which made the teacher angry.

12、 先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。 This is the house in which Lu Xun lived. 如果介词后置： This is the house which/that Lu Xun lived in. This is the house where Lu Xun lived.,3. 关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句, as用作关系代词, 既可指人, 也可指物。在定语从句中可做主语, 宾语和表语。它常用在the sameas, suchas, asas, soas 句型中，as不可省略。,Such girls as he knew were teachers. 他认

13、识的女孩都是老师。 I will buy the same bike as yours. 我要买和你一样的自行车。,若与the same(指同一物)连用, 构成the same.that.结构时, 关系代词用that。 This is the same museum that you once visited. 这就是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆。,练习题,1、All_ is useful to us is good.,A、which B、what C、that D、whether,C,2、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.,A

14、、when B、what C、which D、why,C,3、This is the factory_we visited last year.,A、that B、which C、what D、the one,A,4、Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?,A、which B、that C、what D、as,B,5、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.,A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which,B,6、This is the last facto

15、ry _ he used to work at.,A、it B、which C、that D、where,C,7、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.,A、who B、who want C、what wants D、want,B,8、They have decided to finish their work, _ I think is a wise choice.,A、that B、what C、which D、whether,C,9、This is the only thing _ I can do now.,A、w

16、hat B、which C、that D、all,C,10、This is the reason _ he told me.,A、that B、why C、on which D、for that,A,Thats all. Goodbye!,关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which, for which，所以可以交替使用。如：, The day on which/when I met him first was May 1st. The year in which/when I came here was 1998. The reason why/

17、for which he was late was that he got up late. The room in which he lives faces south. which/that he lives in where he lives,This is the reason (why/for which/that) he came late. This is the way (that/in which) he did it.,有时可用that代替关系副词，在口语中常可以省略。,介词+关系代词要根据 谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with

18、which the case is connected. b. 先行词 e.g. Ill never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party. c. 句子表达的意思 e.g. The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked. d. 在非限制性定语从句中，名词代词+of + whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系 e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.

19、e. 介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前，有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上。 e.g. We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in.,3、This is the factory_we visited last year.,A、that B、which C、what D、the one,A,4、Is this factory _ we visited last week.,A、where B、that C、which D、the one,D,4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 yea

20、rs ago.,A、that B、when C、which D、where,D,6、The text is one of the most interesting stories _ learnt in the past three days.,A、that have B、that have been C、which has D、which has been,B,8、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、where B、that C、of whom D、which,A,9、The man _ you

21、are talking is in the next room.,A、to whom B、about whom C、about who D、whom,B,12、I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.,A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am,D,13、His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.,A、that B、with which C、which D、without which,D,15、I dont like the w

22、ay _ he spoke to me.,A、by that B、what C、by which D、/,D,17、There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.,A、all of them B、either of them C、all of which D、both of that,C,18、He told me the reason _ he didnt come here.,A、which B、that C、why D、what,C,定语从句的使用需注意：,My brother who is ve

23、ry clever studies chemistry all by himself. 使用定语从句勿滥！可以使用单个形容词，或较短的非谓语动词结构的，尽量使用简略些的方式。使句子读起来更顺口！,My brother is clever. He studies chemistry all by himself.,My brother is so clever that he studies chemistry all by himself.,九、注意事项： 1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分 a、This is the place where he works. This is the

24、place which(that)we visited last year. b、That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which)we spent together? c、This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which)he gave us was quite reasonable.,2、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whom a.This is the boy with whom he worked. b.This is the boy whom he worked with. c. This is the boy who he worked with. d. This is the boy he worked with. e. The house where we live is not large. f. The house in which we liv