中考英语短文填空题答题指导

1、中考英语短文填空题答题指导清华大学英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果中考英语短文填空题答题指导一、短文填空题型说明短文填空也叫综合填空，其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，要求考生根据短文的意思，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整正确。它是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种形式。这是中考中一个比较难的项目。其原因是考点不明确：凡涉及英文的理解、词汇、语法和习惯用法的都可以考。内容更是包罗万象：天文地理、历史人文、科技发展、旅游广告等。要求同学们在读通、读懂的基础上，填出符合内

2、容和语法的词或词组。凡是课文中学到的词汇和语法都是考试的范围，各种介词、副词和习惯用法也会经常考到。尤其对于长句子，特别要注意其结构，要精确地分析句子成分。在做综合填空时，要养成快速阅读全文的习惯。句子读得越快越长，理解的精度就越高。根据其难度的不同又分为选词填空题、限词填空题和自由填空题。二、短文填空解题思路 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空

3、格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。三、做短文填空题的注意之处 1. 语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免“只见树木，不见森林”的错误。2. 要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样

4、可避免想当然地随意乱填。3. 填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。4. 有些空格需要填入介词、连词等，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其习惯用法。5. 选词填空题和限词填空题一般只有一个答案，自由填空题虽然可能允许有多个正确答案，但只能选择其中一个填入，因为完形填空题每个空格只准填写一个单词，多填反而出错。四、短文填空实战训练No. 01 Are you able to send a letter wit

5、h pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? W_(1) e-mail you can just do that. Using a c_(2) you can send e-mail quickly and easily. The post is much s_(3) than e-mail. E-mail cansend i_(4) message to the other side of the world in seconds. E-mail iseasytous

6、eandit s_(5)time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter w_(5) sendinge-mail.Itis twenty-four-hour service(服务) that you can send an e-mail at any time of the day or n_(6). No onehastobet_(7) to receive e-mail. It d_(8) matter if your friends are inbed when yo

7、usend an e-mail tothem,oryou are seeing a f_(10) at the cinema when they send an e-mail back.【答案与解析】通读全文，我们可以知道这是一篇介绍发送电子邮件的短文。1. 由上下文可知，此处应填介词With，意为使用e-mail。2. 发送e-mail，一定要使用电脑，所以应填 computer。3. 通过阅读上下文及本句可知，此处应填形容词的比较级 slower。4. 根据句意可知，e-mail 应发“它的”信息，所以填its。5. 根据上下文可知发送电子邮件可以节省时间和钱，所以填saves。6. 此处

8、意为“世界上不同的时间、不同的地区对于何时发送e-mail没关系，所以应填when。7. 此处应填night，与day 相对应。8. 根据上文可知“不需要有人在那儿接收电子邮件”，所以应填there。9. 根据句意及句子结构可知应填doesnt。10. 在电影院里，应该是看电影，所以填film。No. 02根据短文内容填入适当的单词，使短文的意思完整，每格限填写一个英语单词，要求开头第一个字母与所给的字母相同。 All around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not m_(1) the same thing to e_(2). In d

9、ifferent countries people have very different i_(3) about drinking tea. In China people always have tea t_(4) with their friends. They may drink tea at any time of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. They p_(5) the tea with n_(6) else in it. Tea is also i_(7) in Japan. It is very p_(8)

10、there. People drink tea every day. But they have it in a way different from that in China. In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after m_(9). They usually use tea bags to make their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and e_(10) than making it with tea leaves in teapots. 【答案与解析】本题属于限词填空题。解题时先跳

11、过空格，通读全文。根据首句的意思，很快就能推测出本文的主题是关于茶文化的问题，不同的国家喝茶的时间和方式各不相同。理清文章的脉络和大意后再认真复读短文，利用空格所给的首字母提示，结合上、下文的内容，先确定所填词的意义，再考虑其正确的形式。比如第4空所在的句子，其内容是：在中国人们总是和朋友(一起)喝茶。根据句子意思加上空格上所给首字母t的提示，很容易判定所填的词为together。再比如第7空和第8空所在的两个句子，讲的是日本人喝茶的情况。根据后面的句子“日本人每天都喝茶”，可以反推茶在日本既重要又普及，再根据这两空所给的首字母i和p的提示，可以确定该填的词为important和popular

12、。第9空填入meal时应考虑其复数形式。第十空填入easy时要考虑用其比较级，因为空格后有“than”，提示了这是一个比较等级的句子。本题正确答案为：(1) mean (2)everyone (3)ideas (4)together (5)prefe (6)nothing (7)important (8) popular (9)meals (10)easier。最后将完成后的短文再细读一遍，检查上下文是否顺理成章，所填词是否正确无误。No. 03阅读下面的短文，根据每个空格中所给的词首字母填入适当的词，使短文意思完整。While traveling in Russia. Ed Jackson

13、ran short of (缺少) money. So he wrote t_(1) his brother, asking for $ 500. Send the m_(2) by telegram (电报) to the bank (银行) here. he wrote. After a week Ed began v_ (3) the bank. He s_(4) his passport (护照)to the bank clerk (职员). Nothing has come for you, Mr Jackson. he was told.This went o_(5) for th

14、ree weeks, and Mr Jackson got very w _ (6), he phoned his brother, asking w_(7) the money was. The brother said it had been sent three weeksb_(8). That evening Ed Jackson was arrested (被捕) for failing to p_(9) his hotel bill (帐单). He tried to tell the police what his problem was, but no one would be

15、lieve him. At last he was s_(10) to the police station for fifteen days.【答案与解析】1. to。 write to sb. 表示“给某人写信”。2. money。 前面有“asking for $ 500”，后面有“to the bank”。3. visiting。 在这里visiting意思是“到、去”的意思。4. showed。 show sth. to sb. 意思是“把-给某人看”或“向某人出示”。5. on。 go on 意思是“继续”。6. worried。 连续三个星期没有拿到钱，当然是“very worr

16、ied”。7. where。 依上下文内容，应用表示地点的连接词。8. before。before常与完成时连用。9. pay。 后面的中心词是“bill”，前面与之搭配的动词应该用“pay”。10.sent。 be sent to some place意思是“被送到某地”。清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果九年级英语综合练习题（一）II. 知识运用：A. 单项填空：从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。21. This is _8-year-old boy. A. a B. an C. t

17、he22. There are many _in the hospital. A. people B. womans C. news23. There isnt _with your back. A. nothing wrong B. wrong nothing C. anything wrong24. Turn left _the traffic lights. Youll see the station _the right. A. on, in B. by, on C. at, on25. You must finish your homework _you go home. A. af

18、ter B. before C. until26. Are you feeling a bit _?No, even worse.A. worse B. well C. better27. What a _snow! It is snowing _. A. heavy, heavy B. heavy, heavily C. heavily, heavy28. We _at the school _two years. A. have come, since B. have been, for C. have been, since29. When_you _this nice computer

19、?Last summer.A. have, bought B. did, bought C. did, buy30. The watch _in five minutes. A. can be repaired B. repairs C. can repair31. Tell Li Ming _the window. A. not open B. not to open C. to not open32. There is little water in that bottle, _? A. is there B. isnt it C. isnt there33. Do you know th

20、e most beautiful girl _wears a red coat? A. who B. when C. which34. _wonderful the trip was! A. What B. How C. What a35. I want to know _. A. when he will leave B. when does he leave C. when will he leaveB. 完形填空：通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，选择最佳答案。（15分）（A）Last night, as 36 as I fell asleep, I dreamt that I went to

21、 the garden. I dreamt that I was busy 37 trees all night long! Then a few nights ago, I dreamt I was 38 an old ship. There was a terrible storm. We 39 to work for hours to stop the ship from going down. Its always like that. In my dreams. I always have very difficult jobs 40 do.（ ）36. A. soon B. qui

22、ck C. far（ ）37. A. plant B. to plant C. planting（ ）38. A. under B. after D. on（ ）39. A. have B. had C. having（ ）40. A. to B. from C. of（B）Dick did not live too far away from school, so he liked to 41 to school every day. On his way to school, he always went 42 a playground. When it rained, like othe

23、r boys. Dick liked playing in the water. One afternoon when the boy came 43 , he was all wet. His mother became very 44 and said, “Dont play in the water after school”. The next day he was very 45 again, and his mother became even 46 . “Ill tell your father 47 you go to play in the water again,” she

24、 said, “And then hell punish you”. The 48 day the boy was dry when he came back from school.” You are a 49 boy today”, his mother said, “You didnt play in the water.” “No,” he answered, “Because there were 50 older boys in the water. I couldnt play in it.”（ ）41. A. go B. walk C. fly（ ）42. A. past B.

25、 pass C. cross（ ）43. A. house B. family C. home（ ）44. A. angry B. happy C. worried（ ）45. A. dry B. late C. wet（ ）46. A. happy B. happier C. angrier（ ）47. A. if B. before C. for（ ）48. A. first B. second C. third（ ）49. A. good B. better C. bad（ ）50. A. many so B. so many C. too muchIII. 阅读技能：阅读下列材料，选出

26、最佳答案或完成句子。（每小题2分，共15小题）（A）Most people always like to collect things. For example, they like collecting stamps, books, pictures or coins. But my friend Mr Clock likes collecting clocks. He has five hundred clocks now.There are clocks everywhere in his house. You can see shelves standing in every room

27、. All the shelves are full of clocks. Mr Clock is glad to do this, but his wife doesnt like it at all. She has a lot of work to do every day. Its not easy for her to clean all the clocks every day. She is also angry at the noise. Each clock keeps its own time, so she hears clocks strike almost all t

28、he time during day and night.There is something even worse: She never knows which clock tells the right time!（ ）51. Who likes collecting clocks? A. Mr Clock B. Mrs Clock C. Mr and Mrs Clock（ ）52. How many clocks does he have? A. 400 B. 500 C. 5000（ ）53. Who cleans the clocks every day? A. Mr Clock B

29、. Mrs Clock C. A girl（ ）54. What does Mrs Clock think of the clock? A. She likes them very much. B. She thinks they are very helpful C. She doesnt like them at all.（ ）55. What is the biggest problem of the clocks? A. They are all old B. They are not beautiful. C. Mrs Clock doesnt know which clock te

30、lls the right time.（B）There are seven days in a week. The name of the days are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, Sunday is the first day of the week. Its a holiday, Many people dont work on Sundays. But for some people, Sunday isnt a holiday. Policemen, bus-drivers a

31、nd many other people work on Sundays. They make others have the holiday.Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday are weekdays. Weekdays are days for work. Everyone works hard on weekdays. They know they are working for the country and the people.The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. On Saturday

32、 and Sunday, people usually have a good time. Then Monday comes again, people are busy with the new weeks work.（ ）56. This passage is about _. A. the weekendB. weekdaysC. the seven days of the week（ ）57. Most of people work for _in a week. A. five days B. six days C. seven days（ ）58. Wednesday is th

33、e _day of the week. A. second B. third C. fourth（ ）59. Why do policemen, bus-drivers and many other people work on Sundays? A. They only want to make money B. They make others have the holiday. C. They are crazy about their work.（ ）60. People dont usually have a good time, do they? _ A. Yes, they do

34、 B. NO, they dont C. Yes, they dont（C）One day a general (将军) asked his soldiers, “What is the strongest power in the world?” Four of his soldiers put up their hands. They wanted to answer the question. The general asked the first man to speak. The first man is younger than the other three, but hes n

35、ot strong. He said, “My gun (枪) is the strongest. It can kill anyone.” “Thank you. Next, please.” The second one is very strong. He said, “I dont think so. Soldiers use guns. So the soldier is the strongest.” The third man said, “Soldiers use guns, but our general gives order. So I think our general

36、 is the strongest.” The fourth man is the oldest. He said, “Love is the strongest. For love, people dont use guns.” The general said nothing. He took out a medal (奖章) and gave it to him.（ ）61. _soldiers answer the generals question. A. All the B. One of the C. Four of the（ ）62. What does the younges

37、t man think is the strongest power in the world? A. the general B. a gun C. a soldier（ ）63. What does the third man think is the strongest power in the world? A. the general B. a gun C. a soldier（ ）64. What does the oldest man think about it? A. Gun is the strongest B. Soldier is the strongest. C. L

38、ove is the strongest（ ）65. Whose answer does the general think is the best? A. the first mans B. the second mans C. the fourth mansIV. 写作技能：A. 完成对话：通读下面的对话，然后根据上下文补全对话。（5分）A: 66 ?B: Yes, please. Today is Mothers Day! Id like to buy a dress for my mother.A: Look. Here are dresses for women. 67B: Size

39、 M.A: 68 ?B: She likes blue.A: How about this one?B: Great. Where is it made?A: 69 .B: 70 ?A: 380 yuan.B: OK. Ill take it.B. 阅读短文回答问题：然后根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。（5分）Planes are slowly driving me mad I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard day and night. The airport was built years ago, but for s

40、ome reasons it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a lot of money to go

41、 away, but I decide to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.71. Where does he live? _72. Are the planes noisy or quiet? _73. How many people left their home because of the noise? _74. What does he decide to do? _75. What does everybody say about him? _C. 翻译：将文中划线部分译成汉语

42、。（5分）(76)Food is very important. Everyone needs to eat well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is knowledge.When we are young, we start getting knowledge. (77)Young children like watching and listening. When children are older, they enjoy

43、reading. (78)When something interests them, they love asking questions.Our minds, like our bodies, always need the best food (79)Studying on our own brings the most knowledge. If someone is always telling us answers, we will never learn well. (80)When we study correctly and get knowledge on our own,

44、 we learn more and understand better.76. _77. _78. _79. _80. _D. 情景作文：（10分）为了迎接2008年奥运会的到来，近几年来北京发生了很大的变化，人们修建了许多高楼，修建了宽阔的马路，它变成了一座美丽的现代化都市，请你以林涛的名义给你的笔友Jim写一封信。向他介绍北京的近况。（信头，信尾已给出）字数要求：不少于60词。Dear Jim,_Yours,Lin Tao试题答案I.15 ACAAB6. My name is . 7. Its May 9th.8. Yes, I did. 9. Certainly. 10. Thank

45、you.1115 BCCAB16. ten 17. half an hour later 18. harder 19. stopped20. musicII.2125 BACCA 2630 CBBCA3135 BAABA3640 ACCBA4145 BACAC 4650 CACABIII.5155 ABBCC5660 CACBA6165 CBACCIV.66. Can I help you 67. What size does she wear?68. What color does she like 69. Its made in Shanghai70. How much is it71. He lives near an airport. 72. They ate noisy.73. Over a hundred people. 74. He decides to stay there.75. Everybody says he must be mad and they are probably right.76. 食物是非常重要的。