军事英语基本词汇和表达(英汉对照)

1、军事英语基本词汇和表达,Military System 军制,PLAs highest policy-making body: Central Military Commission (CMC) The PLA General Departments are immediately under it. They are: the Headquarters of the General Staff, the General Political Department, the General Logistics Department, and the General Armaments Depar

2、tment. (总参谋部，总政治部，总后勤部，总装备部),The PLA is composed of different arms and services, they are: Army, Navy, Air Force and Second Artillery. The largest army unit is military area commands (军区). The establishment of army unit goes as: group army, division, brigade, regiment, battalion, company, platoon an

3、d squad. （集团军、师、旅、团、营、连、排、班） commander leader 模拟 - simulated ,Military System,Military Services and Arms 军兵种,The modern Army has more and more arms. They are: Infantry, artillery, armored force, engineer, Air defense force, army aviation, special troops, reconnaissance troops, communication unit, el

4、ectronic countermeasure servicemen and so on. The Air Force comprises fighting aviation arms, bomber aviation arms, parachute corps (airborne troops), missile corps, radar corps, etc. The Navy is composed of surface ship unit and submarine unit, naval aviation, marine corps, coastal defense and so o

5、n.,Ranks In The Chinese Armed Forces,一级上将-General First Class 上将-General 中将-Lieutenant General 少将-Major General 大校-Senior Colonel 上校-Colonel 中校-Lieutenant Colonel 少校-Major,Ranks In The Chinese Armed Forces,上尉-Captain 中尉-First Lieutenant 少尉-Second Lieutenant 军事长-Master Sergeant 专业军士-Specialist Sergea

6、nt 上士-Sergeant, First Class 中士-Sergeant 下士-Corporal 上等兵-Private, First Class 列兵-Private,Ranks In The Navy,一级上将-Admiral, First Class 上将-Admiral 中将-Vice Admiral 少将-Rear Admiral 大校-Senior Captain 上校-Captain 中校-Commander 少校-Lieutenant Commander,上尉-Lieutenant 中尉-Lieutenant, Junior Grade 少尉-Ensign 军事长-Chi

7、ef Petty Officer 专业军士-Specialist Petty Officer 上士-Petty Officer, First Class 中士-Petty Officer, Second Class 下士-Petty Officer, Third Class 上等兵-Seaman, First Class 列兵-Seaman, Second Class,Ranks In The Navy,一级上将-General, First Class 上将-General 中将-Lieutenant General 少将-Major General 大校-Senior Colonel 上校

8、-Colonel 中校-Lieutenant Colonel 少校-Major,Air Force,上尉-Captain 中尉-First Lieutenant 少尉-Second Lieutenant 军事长-Master Sergeant 专业军士-Specialist Sergeant 上士-Technical Sergeant 中士-Staff Sergeant 下士-Corporal 上等兵-Airman, First Class 列兵-Airman, Second Class,Air Force,Common Orders,起床！ 集合！ 出（上）操！ 立正！ 稍息！ 向右看-齐！

9、 向左看-齐！ 向前-看！ 报数！ 点名！ 到！ 立定！ 靠拢！,Get up! Fall in! Attend drill! Attention! At ease! Right-dress! Left-dress! Eyes-front! Count off! Call the roll! Roll call! Here! Halt! Close!,Common Orders,向左-转！ 向右-转！ 向后-转！ 齐步-走！ 踏步！ 跑步-走！ 正步-走！ 右转弯-走！ 左转弯-走！ 前进！ 一二一！,Left-face (Left turn)! Right-face (Right turn)

10、! About-face (About turn)! Forward- march (March off)! Mark time-march! Double (time)-march! March at attention! Right-wheel! Left-wheel! Advance! Left right left!,Common Orders,取(拿)枪！ 肩枪！ 枪放下！ 卧倒！ 装子弹！ 退子弹！ 射击！ 起立！ 解散！,Take arms！ Shoulder arms！ Order arms！ Down！ Load！ Unload！ Fire！ Get up (Stand up

11、)！ Dismiss！,400m-Obstacle Race By function the construction of the weapon and principle of operation; By target the type of target the weapon is designed to attack,A. Classification By user,Personal weapon/Small arm handgun, rifle, shotgun, manual, semi-automatic/full automatic weapon man-portable m

12、achinegun Light weapon rocket, missile, grenade launcher, rocket launcher, landmine, antiaircraft gun, mortar, hand grenade, rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) Personal weapon/Small arm + Light weapon SALW 小/轻武器（小武器）,散弹枪/猎枪,便捷式机枪,榴弹发射器,火箭发射器；火箭筒,高射炮,迫击炮,手榴弹,火箭推进榴弹,Heavy weapon: missile, combat vehicle,

13、tank, howitzer Infantry support weapon (crew-served weapon): 班组支援武器 medium, heavy machine gun, anti-tank gun, anti-aircraft gun, recoilless rifle, automatic grenade launcher, mortar with caliber less than 120 mm (4.72 inches), shoulder-launched missile weapon, static anti-tank and anti-aircraft miss

14、ile,A. Classification By user,榴弹炮,无后坐力炮,口径,静态的,A. Classification By user,Fortification weapon 防御工事武器 Mountain weapons pack howitzers Vehicle weapons cannon; sentry gun; remote weapon system (RWS) Aircraft weapons: guns, cannons, bombs, missiles, rockets, air-launched torpedoes,空投鱼雷,远程遥控武器系统,A. Class

15、ification By user,Naval weapons: submarine-launched ballistic missiles Space weapons: Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) Autonomous weapons: Military robot are capable of accomplishing a mission with limited or no human intervention,潜射弹道导弹,Daksh - Remotely Operated Vehicle developed by DRDO,Guardium - an

16、 Israeli unmanned security vehicle (USV),PackBot - a series of military robots,MQ-9 Reaper, unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV),MQ-1 Predator, remote piloted aircraft,Non-lethal weapons Suicide weapons Antimatter weapons,B. Classification By function,中国奉行防御性的国防政策。中国把捍卫国家主权、安全和领土完整，保障国家发展利益和保护人民利益放在高于

17、一切的位置，努力建设与国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，在全面建设小康社会进程中实现富国和强军的统一。 China pursues a national defense policy which is purely defensive in nature. China places the protection of national sovereignty, security, territorial integrity, safeguarding of the interests of national development, and the interests of the

18、 Chinese people above all else. China endeavors to build a fortified national defense and strong military forces compatible with national security and development interests, and enrich the country and strengthen the military while building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects.,National Def

19、ense Policy,维护国家安全统一，保障国家发展利益；实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展；加强以信息化为主要标志的军队质量建设；贯彻积极防御的军事战略方针；坚持自卫防御的核战略；营造有利于国家和平发展的安全环境。 Chineses national defense policy for the new stage in the new century basically includes: upholding national security and unity, and ensuring the interests of national development; achievin

20、g the all-around, coordinated and sustainable development of Chinas national defense and armed forces; enhancing the performance of the armed forces with informationization as the major measuring criterion; implementing the military strategy of active defense; pursuing a self-defensive nuclear strat

21、egy; and fostering a security environment conducive to Chinas peaceful development.,新世纪新阶段中国国防的基本内容是：,中国实行积极防御的军事战略，在战略上坚持防御、自卫和后发制人的原则。适应世界军事发展的新趋势，依据国家安全和发展战略的要求，中国制定了新时期积极防御的军事战略方针。 China implements a military strategy of active defense. Strategically, it adheres to the principle of featuring def

22、ensive operations, self-defense and striking and getting the better of the enemy only after the enemy has started an attack. In response to the new trends in military developments and the requirements of the national security and development strategy, China has formulated a military strategic guidel

23、ine of active defense for the new period.,Statements on Sensitive Issues,1. Taiwan Issue 台湾自古以来就是中国领土，这是中国政府坚持的原则。中国政府解决台湾问题的基本方针是“和平统一、一国两制”。世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分，中央政府在北京。这是举世公认的事实，也是和平解决台湾问题的前提。 Taiwan is Chinas territory since ancient times, which is the principle that Chinese Government adhere

24、s to. The basic position of Chinese Government on settling the Taiwan question is: peaceful reunification; one country, two systems. Taiwan is an inalienable part of China and the seat of Chinas central government is in Beijing. This is a universally recognized fact as well as the premise for a peac

25、eful settlement of the Taiwan question.,1. Taiwan Issue 台湾问题纯属中国的内政， 台湾问题应该也完全可以通过两岸的协商，在一个中国的架构内求得合理的解决。 The Taiwan question is purely an internal affair of China, The Taiwan question should and entirely can be resolved judiciously through bilateral consultations and within the framework of one China.,2. South China Sea issue 中国对南海诸岛及其附近海域拥有主权。中国保证南海及其附近海域的通航安全，这与中国拥有这一地区的主权不矛盾。中国奉行和平发展的国家战略，是维护南海稳定的重要力量。 China has sovereignty over the islands and their adjacent waters. China pledged to ensure the navigation safety in the South China Sea and adjacent waters, w