高考英语非谓语动词v-ing

1、Grammar,V+ing,构成: V-ing 形式由 “doing” 构成, 其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。,V-ing 形式,doing,being done,having done,having been done,(not),(not),(not),(not),作用,Playing tricks on others is something we should never do Learning new words is very important for me,1作主语,直接

2、置于句首,用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。 Its worth making the effort. Its no use crying over spilt milk. Its useless arguing with him.,【考例】, What do you think made Mary so upset？ _ her new bicycle A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing,Have you considered looking

3、for a friend to help you? I tried to avoid meeting him.,3.作宾语,2.v-ing形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来指某种动 作或行为，以说明主语的内容、身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children. His concern for his mother is most moving. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very amusing.,只能后

4、接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有,avoid, admit, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, understand,cant help, put off, give up, cannot stand, insist on, keep (on), feel like, preferto, lead to, de

5、vote to, object to, stick to, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to,常跟doing的短语,Do you mind passing me the book ?,I feel tired .Do you mind my lying down on your bed?,His coming home late made his mother worried,me,接doing 的其它结构,have trouble/difficulty (in) doing There is difficulty /trouble

6、(in) doing spend/waste(in) doing be busy( in) doing It is no good/use doing (there is no good doing) I find it no good doing be worth doing There is no point/sense in doing There is no need to do,既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词 A.接doing 和to do意思基本相同的常见的有: like，love，hate，prefer，continue, begin/start B.接doing 和to

7、do意思不同的常见的有: forget，remember，regret，try，mean， go on, learn, cannot help, be used to, stop,I remember posting the letter Ill remember to post the letter I shall never forget seeing the famous writer Dont forget to write to your mother I regret missing the report I regret to say I cant take your advic

8、e,We must try to get everything done in time Lets try doing the work in some other way I didnt mean to make you angry Your plan would mean spending hours Im busy so I cant help_housework today.(do) I cannot help _about that girl. (wonder) We stopped talking to do some exercises.,We cannot help but a

9、dmire his courage.,My grandpa is used to going for a walk after dinner. Wood can be used to make paper.,C.在need, want, require之后: doing=to be done Her shoes wants mending. Your hair needs cutting. The floor requires washing.,to be mended.,to be cut.,to be washed.,D. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit (c

10、onsider)后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadviseforbidpermit 名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here,We consider coming back tomorrow. We consider him to have come back.,【考例】, What do you think made Mary so upset？ _ her new bicycle A. As she lost B. Lost C.

11、 Losing D. Because of losing,【考例】, Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet A. study B. to study C. for studying D. studying, Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told,1. It took the workmen only

12、 two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired,Excersices,2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing,3. The classroom wants _. A. clea

13、n B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning 4. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited,5. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 6. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking,7.

14、Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. tiring D. trying 8. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go,9. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh,10. Though

15、it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 11. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied,12. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on

16、vocation D. have gone on vocation,13. You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read 14. You should work tonight instead of _ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching,15. The microscope is used for_ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being

17、 examined C. examined D. examine 16. Mike has got used _ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. X C. to sitting D. sitting,17. Once the heart stops _, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating 18. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing

18、 C. prepared D. being prepared,19. I remembered _ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see 20. I regret _ that to her. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. X,21. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) _ others. A. being infected(感染) B. infecting C. to

19、 infect D. infected 22.Your clothes need _. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed,23. _ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed,24. He attended the party without_. A.

20、 invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited 25. By _, water can be changed into gas. A. heating B. being heated C. having heated D. heated,26. On land many objects prevent sound _ very far. A. to travel B. travel C. from travelling D. to travelling 27. She returned home only to find the

21、door open and something_ . A. missed B. to be missing C. missing D. to be missed,28. Remember_ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back 29. Writing stories and articles_ what I enjoy most. A. is B. are C. was D. were,30. He was afraid _for be

22、ing late. A. of seeing B. of being seen C. to be seen D. to have seen,只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有,avoid, admit, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, understand,cant help, put off, give

23、 up, cannot stand, insist on, keep (on), feel like, preferto, lead to, devote to, object to, stick to, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to,常跟doing的短语,接doing 的其它结构,have trouble/difficulty (in) doing There is difficulty /trouble (in) doing spend/waste(in) doing be busy( in) doing It is no g

24、ood/use doing (there is no good doing) I find it no good doing be worth doing There is no point/sense in doing There is no need to do,v-ing形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来指某种动 作或行为，以说明主语的内容、身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children. His concern for his mother is most moving.

25、Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very amusing.,v-ing 还可作定语, 宾语补足语,状语,一、v-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building,drinking water = water for drinking,a surprising result = a result that is surprising,a sle

26、eping boy=a boy who is sleeping,They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father.,2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：,Anybody swimming in this river will be fine

27、d. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.,3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。,二、v-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性

28、的动作，强调一个进行的动作或一种状态。如： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.,We found the snake eating the eggs. I found a bag lying on the ground. The boss kept the workers working the whole night.,2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如： They found the result very satisf

29、ying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。,They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. 有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 We mustnt keep them waiting. = They mustnt be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。,2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice

30、, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.,Can you smell anything burning? Listen to the birds singing. I didnt notice him waiting.,I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get

31、 the clock going again. You wont catch me doing that again. 你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。,2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, send, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：,三. 作状语 可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 让步，行为方式或伴随动作等。,Using your head, youll find a good way.,条件,1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people

32、 entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 伴随(动作) 2) Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.,原因,3) Working hard, youll surely succeed.,条件,4) The boy sat in front of the farm- house, cutting the branch.,伴随,5) He came running back to tell me the news.,方式,6) Admitting what you say, I still t

33、hink you are wrong.,让步,6) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. 时间, 可以在分词前保留when,7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.,结果,Attention Please,-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole c

34、ity. (分词的逻辑主语是time , 而句子的主语是I , 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday. 2. Look out for cars when _(cross) the street. 3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.,knowing,crossing,having been invited,4. He swam

35、in the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed. 5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, _ (read) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.” 6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water. 7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.,leaving,reading,Taking,

36、Having closed,从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,1. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run,2. Tell Mary that theres someone _ for her at the door. A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait,3. The _ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.” A.

37、smiling B. smiled C. smile D. to smile,4. A phone call sent him _ to the hospital. A. hurry B. hurrying C. to hurry D. hurried,5. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying,6. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C.

38、sailing D. to have sailed,7. There are lots of places of interest _ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired,8. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _ in all directions before he was sent _ by his wife. A. flying; t

39、o sleep B. flying; sleeping C. to fly; to sleeping D. to fly; to sleep,9. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _ but the door _. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting,10. As is known to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are back from

40、 travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired,11. The woman found it no good _ her daughter too much money. A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave,12. As the stone was too heavy to move, I left it _on the ground. A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain,13. Johns bad habit is _ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading,14. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities. A. compared B. being