中考英语名词总复习课件

1、,普通名词,专有名词（人名、地名）,可数名词,不可数名词,名词,名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*abook*anenglishbook*anhour,flower,flowers,找规律,总结规则,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf-leaves,box,es,noun.,名词的复数形式1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dogdogs*bookbooks(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/*boxboxes*watchwatches,(3)以辅音字母

2、加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/*countrycountries*factoryfactories请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boyboysholiday-holidays*monkeymonkeys,(4)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/*halfhalves*shelfshelves*knifeknives*leafleaves,要点考点聚焦,找规律,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,noun.,英雄吃马铃薯和西红柿,pianos,(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero

3、除外有生命的加es，无生命加s*pianopianos*zoozoospotatopotatoestomatotomatoesnegro-negroeshero-heroes黑人英雄，爱吃土豆和西红柿。,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,noun.,2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形chinesechinesefishfishjapanesejapanesesheepsheeppeoplepeople(2)变元音字母oo为eetoothteethfootfeet,(3).变man为menmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicem

4、enfrenchmanfrenchmenenglishmanenglishmen请区别：german(德国人)germansgerman是一整个词.不是在ger后面加上man.所以复数要在后面加s。(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)如：american-americansspanish-spanishes,(4).常以复数形式出现的名词clothesshoestrousersglasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*myclothesarenewerthanyours.,3.可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany，many，afew，few，any，lots

5、of,alotof，some等修饰*thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?,1.several_aretalkingunderthetreeandtheyaretalkingabout_.awoman;childrenbwoman;childcwomen;children2.therearethreeinmyfamily.a.peopleb.personc.child3.some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.a.germansb.germenc.germanyd.

6、germanies,c,a,a,4.inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.a.sheeps;knifesb.sheeps;knifec.sheep;knivesd.sheep;knife5.therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.a.japanese，germenb.japaneses，germenc.japanese，germand.japanese，germans,d,c,不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweatherhomew

7、orkwoodinformationnewsmedicine,1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*somebreadisoverthere.*nonewsisgoodnews.,2.不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,some,any等修饰*theyhadmuchmoney.*hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.*arice(x)twobread(x),3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变*abag

8、ofapples*apieceofpaper*threeglassesofwater,4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)awork(著作)time(时间)times(次数),1.pleasegiveme_paper.a.oneb.apiecesc.apieced.apieceof2.thistableismadeof_.a.manyglassb.someglassesc.glassesd.glass3.whatcanidoforyou,sir?idliketwo_.a.bottleofmilkb.bo

9、ttlesofmilksc.bottlesofmilkd.bottleofmilks4.wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.a.less,fewerb.fewer,lessc.little,littled.few,few,d,d,c,a,5._itistoday!a.whatfineweatherb.whatafineweatherc.howafineweatherd.howfineaweather,a,名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s”kangkangsfatherlucysboo

10、k2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可teachersofficethegreenshouse,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*childrensday*mensshoes4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语*thecolorofthewall*apictureoftheclassroom,1.june1stis_day.allthechildrenenjoyitverymuch.a.childrenb.childrensc.childrensd.child2.thetwobedroomarethe_.a.twinsb.twinsc.twinsd.

11、twins,c,c,重难点突破,小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因ourhospitalneedstwo_doctors,mrs.li.youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.a.womenb.manc.womand.men,d,名词的用法1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*therearethreebananatreesoverthere.2.manwoman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*weneedamanteacher.*theyareallwomenworkers.,2.thispairofshorts_tooexpensive.icantafford_.are,t

12、hemb.are,itc.is,themd.is,it,重难点突破,c,当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。thispairofshoesisnice.比较：theshoesarenice.herearetwopiecesofnews.比较：thenewsiswonderful.,3.themodelplanewasmadebya_boy.a.ten-years-oldb.ten-year-olderc.ten-year-oldd.ten-yearold,重难点突破,c,当数词与单位名词一起构成合成形容词做定语时，单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接

13、。*heisafourteen-year-oldboy.*thisisatwo-hourplan.,4.thepolice_onthestreetwhenaccidenthappened.a.isb.arec.wasd.were,重难点突破,d,名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。*herfamilyisalargeoneandherfamilyareallteachers.她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。,5.whereistom?-hehasgonetothe_.a.teacherb.teachersc.teachersd.teachers,重难点突破,d,名词所有格的几个注

14、意点可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*myaunts(home）(我姑姑家）*gototheteachers(office）(去老师办公室）,6.lucyis_sister.a.maryandjackb.marysandjacksc.maryandjacksd.maryandjacks,重难点突破,d,表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s”*lucyandlilysroom露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间）请区别:lucysandlilysrooms露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有一间房间）,7.lookatthatoldman.heis_.afriendofmyb.afrie

15、ndofminec.amesfriendd.amyfriend,重难点突破,b,物主代词与a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any等词共同修饰名词时，需用双重所有格，其构成为名词+of+名词所有格（或名词性物主代词）,8.its_fromourschooltomyhome.a.tenminuteswalkb.tenminuteswalkc.tenminutewalkd.tenminuteswalk,重难点突破,a,名词所有格（s）也可以用于无生命的东西，主要用于时间，度量衡等名词之后twomonthsvacationamilesdistance此表达可以和合成形容

16、词互换twomonthsvacation=two-monthvacation,1.couldyoupleasegetmesome_?imhungry.a.appleb.waterc.breadd.egg2.somethingiswrongwithmy_.icantseeanythingaroundme.a.noseb.earsc.eyesd.mouth3.mr.whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany_init.a.flowersb.grassc.villagesd.water,直击中考,c,c,a,4.-howfarisyourcousinshomefromhere?-itsabouttwo_drive.a.hoursb.hoursc.hoursd.hour5