2018 被动语态简单版

1、,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。,3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by短语。（by短语可以省。by短语后跟代词的宾格。）,bymanystudents.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.,English,isstudied,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,aremade,bythem,inthatfactory.,1.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,bythemlastterm.,2.一般过去时的被

2、动语态结构：,was/were+过去分词,lastyear.,2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.,Manytrees,wereplanted,Tencomputers,werebought,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,willbe+过去分词,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,bythemintendays.,Thework,willbefinished,2.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/

3、hasbeen过去分词,1.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,byus.,Twentymorekeys,havebeenmade,2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.,Ourcompositions,havebeenfinished,byus.,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina,byAmy.,Gina,canbetakengoodcareof,2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.,Morewater,shouldbedrunk

4、,byyou.,被动语态的构成一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：过去将来时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：含有情态动词:,wasweredone,amisaredone,willshallbedone,waswerebeing+done,amisarebeingdone,havehasbeendone,hadbeen+done,情态动词(canmaymustshould)bedone,wouldbedone,用所给词的适当形式填空，巩固语法结构。1.Theoldmanisill.he_(mustsend)tothehospital.2.Vegetablesandfruits

5、_(sell)inthisshop.3.Apianoconcert_(give)herelastFriday.4.Thestars_(cansee)inthedaytime.5.Abeautifulhorse_(draw)byJohntomorrow.,mustbesent,aresold,wasgiven,canbeseen,willbedrawn,如：1.Hegavemeabook.2.Hebuysusadictionary.,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态,givesbsth/givesthtosbbuysbsth/buysthforsb,Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主语

6、）AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主语）,Weareboughtadictionarybyhim.（以人当主语）Adictionaryisboughtforusbyhim.（以物作主语）,sbbegivensthsthbegiventosb,givesbsth,buysbsth,sbbeboughtsthsthbeboughtforsb,即hear,make,watch,see,notice,feel，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.,1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.,He,wasseen,t

7、oplaybasketballlastSunday.,2.Weheardthemsingintheclassroom.,They,wereheard,tosingintheclassroom.,2.省略to的动词不定式的被动语态,1.seesbdosth/sbbeseentodo2.hearsbdosth/sbbeheardtodosth3.makesbdosth/sbbemadetodosth,3.Mothermademedochores.,I,wasmade,todochores.,3.不及物动词带介词和副词时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词和副词。Theytakegoodcareofm

8、ychild.Iturnedofftheradio.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.Weshouldntlaughattheold.,Theteacherislistenedtocarefullyinclass.,Mychildistakengoodcareof.,Theradiowasturnedoff,Theoldshouldntbelaughedatbyus,动词短语的被动语态takecareofbetakencareofcutdownbecutdownlaughatbelaughedatlookafterbelookedaft

9、erlistento-belistenedtospeakto-bespokento,1.Theold_inoldpeopleshomeeveryday照顾好2.Lucy_bythemyesterday.(嘲笑）3.应该有礼貌对老人讲话。Theoldshould_politely,aretakengoodcareof/arelookedafterwell,waslaughedat,bespokento,某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐久),wear(耐穿),等可用主动形式表达被动意义.如:,Thiskindoffoodsel

10、lswell.这种食物畅销。,Thiskindofpenwriteswell.,这种笔书写很流畅,系动词taste,smell,feel,sound,look等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:,1.这些花闻起来很香。2.那食物尝起来很可口。,Theseflowerssmellsweet.,Thefoodtastesdelicious.,当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（takeplace,belongto，happen,comeout.）1.Whathappenedtoyouyesterday?2.Thebookbelongstome.3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyh

11、ometowninthepastthirtyyears.4.Thenovelhascomeout.,5.不能用于被动语态的几种情况,在动词repair,need,等动词之后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。,1.树需要浇水。2.电视机需要修理。,Thetreesneedwatering.=Thetreesneedtobewatered.,TheTVneedsmending.=TheTVneedstobemended,1Thenewcomputers_tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.(give)2.Alotofwater_(waste)everyye

12、ar.3.Nowmanykindsofwork_(cando)byrobots.4.Anewbridge_(build)overtheriverlastyear.5.Thechildren_often_(tell)tobecarefulwithfire.6.Theaccident_(happen)justnow.7.-When_thisstory_(write)?in19968.IthasbeenatleasttenyearssinceI_agooddrink.(enjoy)9.Becauseoftherain,thefootballmatch_(putoff)10.I_suchaninter

13、estingbookbefore.(read).,enjoyed,weregiven,haveread,happened,aretold,willbeputoff,wasbuilt,canbedone,iswasted,waswritten,1.Ourschool_in2002.(开办)2.Theyoungtreesmust_well.(照顾)3._thisbuilding_(建成)lastyear?4.Thebook_(写)byhimlastyear.5.Thebridge_(不建造)in1989.6.The29thOlympicGameswill_(举行)inUKin2012.,wasop

14、ened,belookedafter,Was,built,waswritten,wasntbuilt,beheld,完成下列句子：,重点1.seesbdosth/sbbeseentodo2.hearsbdosth/sbbeheardtodosth3.makesbdosth/sbbemadetodosth4.givesbsth/sbbegivensthsthbegiventosb5.buysbsth/sthbeboughtforsth6.tellsbtodosth/sbbetoldtodosth,7.Theold_inoldpeopleshomeeveryday照顾好8.Theclassroom

15、_(clean)everyday.9.Lucy_bythemyesterday.(嘲笑）10.应该有礼貌对老人讲话。Theoldshould_politely11.Tom_(ask)tolistencarefullyinclass.12.Theknife_(buy)lastweek.13.Thebook_(sell)well.,aretakengoodcareof/arelookedafterwell,iscleaned,waslaughedat,bespokento,isasked,wasbought,sells,三、用所给词的适当形式填空，巩固语法结构。1.Thestudents_often_(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.2.Thatplay_(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.3.Theoldmanisill.he_(mustsend)tothehospital.4.Vegetables,eggsandfru