unit1_grammar被动语态讲解课件.ppt

1、Revision of passive voice，单位1，grammer，1。一些动词可以有两个对象，在被动结构中使用时，可以把主动结构的一个对象作为主语，把另一个对象留在谓语后面。通常成为主语的是间接宾语(指人的宾语)。they didnt offer ann the job。ann wasset offfered the job。an无法执行此操作。2 .动词have，make，get，和感觉动词see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe等，在后面宾语从句时，从主动结构中省略不定式to，但在被动结构时加上to。they make her clean the fl

2、oor。she is made to clean the floor by them。3 .itbe过去分词that子句(=主语be过去分词为do sth)表示。/报道/听/听/听/听。例：据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国范围的测试。it is said that the boy has passed the national exam。the boy is said to have passed the national exam。但：it _ _ _ _ _ _ that there was a car over there . a . so happensed b . so happens

3、 c . is so happensed . was so happensed回答：4 .be supposed to (suppose: vt。估计；估计。家庭；家庭。推测)supposed:假设；是推测的；意图(1) (=be said to)范例：lets go and see that film。its supposed to be very good。一起去看那部电影吗？人们都说没关系。(2)规划、准备，例如，id better hurry . its nearly 8 oclock . im supposed to be meeting Tom at 8336915。快一点。现在快

4、8点了。我8点去接汤姆。(3)不允许be not supposed to。示例：You are not supposed to park here。这里不允许停车。动词get代替be使用。(get经常用于口语。)，酒吧里发生了争吵，幸好没有人受伤。there was a fight at the pub，but fortunately nobody got(=was)hurt，get done和be done之间的区别：get done通常意味着行动不是在计划中，而是意外发生。例如，The dog got run over by a car。狗被车撞死了。1 .有些感觉动词、形容词和其他几个同

5、人可能表示被动的意思。Cook、smelll、tasks、wash、write、shut、prove、sell、read、Write the dish tasks delicious。the theory proved right at last .the book is so interesting that it sell swell。不能转换为被动语态the book is so interesting that it sell swell。“sells”这里的“销售道路销售”的意思；动词是“销售”。销售)This kind of cloth washes well。(防止洗衣)，Nee

6、d V- ing表示“承担主语从动词中发出的动作”的消极意义。我的车需要修理。我的汽车needs repairing (=to be repaired)。beg、equal、fail、hold、posses、fit、become、contain、cost、fit、have、lack、resemble，this new English-Chinese dictionary cost me ten dollars，3 .表示状态或特征的一些和动词没有被动语态形式。这样的动词很常见：战争爆发了。可以说：The war broke out。但不能说：the war was brokeout。4.一般只

7、有事物动词(组)有被动语态，自动动词则没有。“be过去分词法”可能都是系谱结构，而不是被动语态。被动语态和谱系结构的主要区别是被动结构表示一种行为，谱系结构表示主题的特性或状态，被动结构和谱系结构的区别，请比较下面的句子。被动结构The enemy was soon surrounded by us。表结构The house is surrounded by trees。被动结构she was bitten by the dog in the darkness。系统结构I was excited by The news that my husband got promoted。不定式语法不定式

8、时态和语音，不定式时态和语音的变化，时态共有4种：一般式，完成式，进行式，完成式。语音分为主动语音和被动语音，如下表所示。不定式被动语态和练习，to be done是指动词的不定式动作发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。To have been done表示不定式动作发生在谓词动词之前。第三，不定式主动形式为被动，1 .在there be结构中。例如：There is a lot of homework to do(也可以使用to be done)，there is no time to lose (to be lost)。2 .在“npron be adj to do”结构中。常用的形容词有eas

9、y、difficult、hard、impossible、nice、pleasant、light、heavy、interesting、important、important，例如he is hard to convtince。he is an impossible person to work with，3 .“tooto do在“Enoughto”结构中。例如：the problem is too difficult to work out the house is big enogh to live in。4 .在“with n to do”结构中。例如：with nothing to do

10、，he lay in bed with so many exercises to do，I cant go to the cinema，5 .否定式的逻辑主题出现在句子中的时候。示例：I have a letter to type today do you have anything to say？(I是to type的逻辑主语)，(you是to say的逻辑主语)，6 .当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。this is the best book to read(=for us you to read)the important thing to do is to lock t

11、he door when we leave the house，7 .表达用不定式活性形态。常见的这些动词有let、rent、hire、blame等。the house is to let I felt I was to blame。notice，动词的不定式主动语态的使用比被动语态的形式更普遍，有时(特别是口语中)以被动主动语态的形式表达。I have three motors to repair today。the task is difficult to finish on time，1 .old Mike gave up smoking for a while，But soon _ _

12、 to his oldways . a . returned b . returned c . was returning d . had returned in some papanethe new dictionaries are very useful。they _ _ _ _ _ well and _ _ _ _ _ al ready . a . Sell，have been sold out B. sold，had sold out C. sell，have been sold out B. soldthe train _ _ _ arrive at 1133030，But it w

13、as an hour late . a . was about to b . was likey to c . was supposed to d . was cerain tothis dictionary must nt _ _ _ from the library . a . take away b . taken away c . are taken away d . be taken away 6 .my shoes _ _ _ _。I went out for a new pair . a . is worn out b . wore out c . were worn off d

14、 . were worn out，7 .that kind of shirts _ _ cotton . a . is made from b . are made from c . is made of d . are made of 8 .rice _ _ in southchina . a . growing b . is grown c . a Re grown d . is grow，9 .all the preparation for the task _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _，And were ready to start . pleted plete

15、c . had been completed。have been completed，10 .the teacher told his students that they _ _ to be useful men to the country . a . were all expected b . were all expecting c . all were expectingsome of the hotels in my hometwn _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . a . have now been rebuilding b . are now rebuilding c . a

16、re now being rebuildingmy father will repair my bike for me，my bike will be repaired by my father for me，2 .I have found my wallet。将更改为手动语音。My wallet has been found。3 .she told me to wait here for her。I was told to wait here for her。4。the police will surely arrest the murderer。The murderer will sure

17、ly be arrested by The police。5 .they invited Mr . green to make a speech。greenwas invited to make a speech。6 .the students clean their class room every day。their class room is cleaned by the students every day。7 .you must nt take those books out of the reading-room。those books must nt be taken out of the reading-room。8 .I dint tell you the girl could do the job，you werent told by me that the girl could do the job，9 .do