教学课件：名词性从句.ppt

1、名词性从句,Noun Clauses,句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。,句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，同位语，定语，状语和补足语。,主语说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词和从句都可以作主语。,谓语用来描绘主语的行为动作或所处的状态。,表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语的特征，状态，身份等。,宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。,同位语对句子中某一成分做进一步的解释，说明。与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。同位语常常置于被说明的词之后。,Revision,What are the functio

2、ns of nouns in sentences?,Life means struggle.,主语,Reading makes a full man.,宾语,Everyone you meet is your mirror.,表语,Dont give up life, the source of hope.,同位语,What are noun clauses?,A noun clause just likes a noun, it can be used as subject、object 、predicative and appositive.,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位

3、语从句,Whoever loves money never has money enough.,主语从句,Attitude determines whether people are successful or not.,宾语从句,The miracle is that the more we share, the more we have.,表语从句,Failure is a sign that you should explore other opportunity.,同位语从句,Learning,Tell the functions of the following noun claus

4、es. A. subject B. object C. predicative D. appositive,Practice,Which way you turn is up to you. The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining. My past experience brought me to where I am today. My success lies in my belief that no pains, no gains. I dont fear what is ahead. Where we love is

5、 home. One of the greatest problems of our time is that many are schooled but few are educated. Nobody can answer the question what will happen tomorrow.,A,C,B,D,B,A,C,D,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,一. 语序问题,How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is. 2. Our lives teach us who we are

6、. 3. The future isnt what it used to be. 4. I have a dream that human beings can live in harmony with nature one day.,规律一：名词性从句要用陈述语序.,Practice,Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. (NMET2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is,2. Can you make sure _ the gold ring? (NMET199

7、0) A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,二. 引导词的选择,I get the feeling that what I have learned so far is just the tip of the iceberg. 2. It depends on hard work more than luck whether you can succeed in making your dream come tr

8、ue. 3. Heroes make us to examine how we are behaving in our own lives. 4. You big opportunity may be right where you are now.,规律二： 1. 从句是陈述句且不含有疑问意义，由that 引导。,2. 从句由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义，由whether，if 引导。,3. 从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由wh-连词引导,Practice,1. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an obje

9、ct and _ it is rough or smooth.（2005年天津高考题） A. /B. whether C. how D. what 2. Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.（2006年上海春季高考题） A. which B. that C. when D. why,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,三.that和what的选用,What he said was true. All that he said was true. That Edi

10、son invented the bulb is of great value to us all. What Edison invented led us to brightness.,规律三： what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,Practice,2._we cant get seems better than _ we have. (NMET1996) What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what,_ you dont like

11、him is none of my business. (上海1992) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,四.Whether和if的选用,1. Whether it is true remains a problem. 2. The question is whether you should accept it. 3. The question whether hell attend the meeting is important. 4. It depends on whether we have got enoug

12、h money. 5. She hasnt decided whether to go or not. 6. I dont know whether it is right or not.,规律四： 在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 代替： 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，做介词的宾语，跟动词不定式连用，与or not 连在一起引导宾语从句等，只用whether。,Practice,2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET1996) If B. Whether C. That D. Where,1. Wh

13、at the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001) when B. how C. whether D. if,名词性从句重点讨论,Learning,五.宾语从句的时态呼应,他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes his dream will come true some day. 2. 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me he was preparing for the examination. 3. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线

14、运行的。 The teacher told us light travels in a straight line.,规律五： 1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。,2. 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要相应的过去时态。,3. 当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。,Practice,1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) 3.Tom says that they _

15、(play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4.I hear they _ (return) it already. 5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,六.it做形式主语和形式宾语,Does it matter if he cant finish the job on time? 2. I hate it when p

16、eople talk with their mouths full. 3. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.,规律六： 为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面.,Practice,_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) There B. This C. That D. It 2. _ is our belief that improvements

17、in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy. （2006年浙江省高考题） A. As B. That C. This D. It,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,七. 疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别,1. Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished. 2. Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop. 3. Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell. =Whatever you do, you must

18、do it well. 4. Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbe punished. = Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.,规律七： 1. 疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句。 2. nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。,Practice,1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. (NMET1997) A. however B. whatever C. whichever

19、 D. whenever 2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. (上海1995) A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,八.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用,1. I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. 2. She gave us a suggestion that we (should)leave here

20、at once. The doctor ordered she (should )be operated on. 3. It is necessary that we should clean the room every day.,规律八： 1. “wish + 宾语从句”,表示不能实现的愿望, 需要用虚拟语气。,2. 在表示“建议、要求、命令”等词所接的从句中，从句谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。,3. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that 句型中，从句谓语动词用should + 动词原形。,Practi

21、ce,1. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. (上海1993) A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 2. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (上海2002) A. has B. had C. will have D. had had,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,九.同位语从句和定语从句的区别,试比较下面两组例句:

22、 1.The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is very good. The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. 2.I had no idea that you were here. Have you got the idea (that) this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?,规律九： 1. 定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不

23、但起连接用，而且在定语从句中充当句子成分。充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。,Practice,Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences. A: Appositive（同位语） B: Attributive（定语）,His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. Many teachers hold the

24、 view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3. Is this the company where your father works? 4. This is the reason that he gave for his absence.,1. _ (任何计划了的事)is sure to change as one puts it into practice. (whatever) (2009,77) 2. After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzh

25、ou Spaceship received the command from the ground that _ (它着陆) as scheduled the next day. (land) (2009,79) 3. I feel so sick. I wish Mum _ (没有逼我) to eat so much. (force) (2008,35) 4. With the rapid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _ (我的家 乡会是么样子) in ten yeas. (what) (2008,37) 5.

26、I havent the slightest idea _ (他正在说什么). (talk) (2007,32),Practice,. Complete these sentences.,6. He believes that children _ (应允许学习) at their own pace. (allow) (2007,35) 7. _ (他是否出过国） doesnt make much difference. (abroad) (2007,37) 8. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation is

27、 _ (你可以更 好地理解它). (understand) 9. He often asked me the question _ (这份工作是否值得去做). (worth) 10. The expert urged that we _ (避开拥挤的地方）to cut down the chance of being affected with H1N1. (avoid),Practice,. Complete these sentences.,1. _ (任何计划了的事)is sure to change as one puts it into practice. (whatever) (2

28、009,77) 2. After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzhou Spaceship received the command from the ground that _ (它着陆) as scheduled the next day. (land) (2009,79) 3. I feel so sick. I wish Mum _ (没有逼我) to eat so much. (force) (2008,35) 4. With the rapid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _ (我的家 乡会是么样子) in ten yeas. (what) (2008,37) 5. I havent the slightest idea _ (他正在说什么). (talk) (2007,32),Practice,Whatever has been planned,it (should) land,had