地点条件让步状语从句

1、状语从句,Adverbial clauses,定义： 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。,同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,状语从句一般分为九大类,状语从句类别:,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,3.地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词:,Where, wherever,Where - 在地方,Put the medicine where you can easily get it.,W

2、here that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.,Where there is a will, there is a way.,Wherever - 无论哪里,He follows her wherever she goes.,Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.,2.条件状语从句,引导状语从句的连接词有:,If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condi

3、tion that,If -如果,If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.,If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.,If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.,Unless - 如果不, 除非=if not,We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight,= We cannot get there on time

4、 if we dont book the earliest flight.,Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.,He will not join us unless he changes his mind.,As long as - 只要,We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.,You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.,A man is not old as long as he is seeking somet

5、hing.,As (so) far as - 据所知,As far as I know, he speaks English very well.,As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.,In case - 假使, 如果,The plane cannot take off in case it rains.,Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.,Provided that 如果,有时省略 that,The plane will be in good condition provid

6、ed that it is taken care of carefully.,You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.,On condition that - 条件是,He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy

7、 airplane on condition that he passes his English test.,注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。,If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.,He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.,8.让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句的连词有：,Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, w

8、hatever, while, whether,（1）though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。,这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以 互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用， although比though正式，二者都可与yet, still或 nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。例如：,Though/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.,虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。,Although/Though he is very old, (yet)he is quite strong.,他

9、虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。,值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于 主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句 可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如：,She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard.,她虽然不用功学习，考试却及格了。,（2）as, though表示“虽然但是”，“纵使” 之意。,as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出 现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形， though间或也用于这样的结构中，但although不 可以这样用。,Object as you may, I

10、 ll go,(=Though/Although you may object, I ll go.),纵使你反对，我也要去。,Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.,(=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.),尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。,Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.,（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the rig

11、ht thing to do.）,虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。,Fast as you read, you can t finish the book so soon.,纵然你读得快，你也不能这么快读完这本书。,（3）even if, even though 表示“即使”， “纵使”之意。,这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常可互 换使用，但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步 从句含有强烈的假定性，而even though引导让步 状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，也 就是说，说话人肯定了从句的事实。,We ll make a trip even if/though the

12、 weather is bad.,即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。,Even if he is poor, she loves him.,(=He may be poor, yet she loves him.),即使他很穷，但她还是爱他。,Even though he is poor, she loves him.,(=He is poor, yet she loves him. ),尽管他很穷，但她还是爱她。,（4）whether.or.表示“不论是否”， “不管是还是”之意。,由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说 明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意 向或结果。,You ll

13、have to attend the ceremony whether you re free or busy.,不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。,Whether you believe it or not, it s true.,无论你是否相信，这都是真的。,（5）“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含 义为“都；不管都”，它们引 导的让步状语从句可以互换。,No matter what happened, he would not mind.,(=Whatever happened, he would not mind.),无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的,No matte

14、r who you are, you must keep the law.,(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.,不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。,但“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句 而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。,Whatever(=No matter what)you say, I won t believe you. (Whatever 引导让步状语从句),无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。,Ill eat whatever(no matter what)you give me.,(whatever引导宾语从句)你

15、给我吃什么，我就 吃什么。,Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引导主语从句),不管谁来都受到欢迎。,此外，有时while也可以引导让步状语从句，但 一般要位于句首。例如： While I like the color, I don t like the shape. 我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢那形状。,_ youve tried it. you cant imagine how pleasant it is. （06北京） UnlessB. Because C. AlthoughD. When 正确答案:,A,be有时也可以引出一个让步状语从句，其

16、意思是“不论”。 如：Be a man ever so successful, he should not be arrogant.,H,不论一个人有多么成功,他不应该狂妄自大, despite是“尽管”的意思，但只能作介词使用，可以用in spite of来替换，后面只能接名词、代词或名词词组。 尽管他病了，但他还是准时去上学。,H,Despite his illness, he still went to school on time.,2. - How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the

17、 moon? - Perhaps two or three years. （06福建） A. When B. until C. that D. before 3. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, this was a memory she especially treasured. （06广东） A. as B. if C. when D. where 4. You cant have this football back you promise not to kick it at m

18、y cat again, the old man said firmly. （06广东） A. because B. since C. when D. until,D,D,5. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. （ 06湖南 ） A. while B. when C. since D. after 6. _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover. （ 06江苏 ） A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once 7. He was about halfway through