过去时和现在时的区别

1、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别,He - (am) born 500 years ago.,was,She -(win) the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.,won,He - (am) born 500 years ago.,was,She -(win) the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.,won,用法：,1.强调动作发生并结束在过去时间里。时间状语有： yesterday，last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1995， just now等。,例如: A: Where

2、did you go just now? B: I went to the park. I watched a movie last night. I was born in 1995.,2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或过去性的动作。,例如: When I was a child, I often played football in the playground.,Part1 一般过去时,3.一般过去时的形式有时并不表示过去的动作而是只表示说话人的委婉语气。,例如：Could you please tell me your name? Would you mind closing the

3、 door?,He was born 500 years ago. She won the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.,肯定形式：主语+动词过去式+其他,基本构成:,He was not born 500 years ago.,She didnt win the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.,否定形式：主语+was/were+not +其他 主语+didnt +谓语动词原型+其他,Was he born 500 years ago?,Did she win the gold medal in 2008 Olympic

4、 Games?,一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+表语? Did+主语+谓语动词原型+其他?,动词过去式不规则变化,一般过去时,构成,用法,常用时间,主语+动词过去式+其他,1.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或过去性的动作。 2.强调动作发生并结束在过去时间里。,Yesterday Last night In 1990 Two days ago,1. He (work) in that bank four years ago. 2. I (see) him yesterday. 3. I (buy) a coat just now. 4. My mother (be) a worker 20

5、 years ago. 5. Why did your brother (cry) last night?,课堂练习题：,worked,saw,bought,was,cry,I -(come) to Hangzhou before.,have come,I - （learn) English for 10 years.,have learned,I -(come) to Hangzhou before.,have come,I - （learn) English for 10 years.,have learned,用法：,1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.,例如： A: Do y

6、ou want to go to Beijing for a trip? B: I have gone to Beijing before. (强调对现在的影响，我已经去过北京了，目前应该不打算去。),Part2 现在完成时,2.现在完成时强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续下去. 常用的时间状语：for, ever, before, already, yet, just, since, recently, in the past few years等,例如： He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。 He has b

7、een busy since last week.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 He has finished his homework already. Have you ever been to Beijing? I have just eaten 3 eggs.,基本结构：,I have come to Hangzhou before.,肯定形式：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他,I havent come to Hangzhou before.,否定形式：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他,Have you come to Hangzhou before?,一般疑问句:

8、Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他,现在完成时,构成,用法,常用时间,主语+have/has+过去分词,1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. 2.现在完成时强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续下去.,already yet, just, since, recently, in the past few years等,课堂练习题：,1. he (finish) his work today? Not yet. 2. I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999. 3. So far I (make) quite a few frien

9、ds here. 4. My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now. 5. She (write) this novel（小说） for four years.,Has,finished,have worked,moved,have made,has,come,has written,Part3 两种时态的区分,1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。,例如： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。）

10、I have seen this film before. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）,2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。,例如： She returned yesterday. I watched a movie last night. He has been in New York for many years. Have you ever been to Beijing？,3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去

11、时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。,例如： I have learned English since 8 years old. I have lived in Hangzhou for 3 years. I went to Beijing last year. She became a teacher in 1990.,课堂练习题：,1. I already (see) the film. I (see) it last week. 2. You can switch off the rad

12、io now. I (hear) the news already. I (hear) it just now. 3. Jim (make) many friends since he _(come) to China. 4. They usually (go) fishing when they lived there. 5. How long she (be) ill?,have,seen,saw,have heard,has made,came,went,has,been,heard,课外作业,基础题 I. 用括号内的一般过去时和现在完成时形式完成下列句子。 1. They (go)_

13、to America last year. 2. Im sorry. I (forget)_ your name. 3. My friend (finish) _ college last year. 4. He (not speak)_ to me since we quarrel（争吵）. 5. She (rise)_ with the first rays of the sun this morning. 6. My uncle (buy)_ a bike last month. 7. He (never visit)_ Hangzhou before. 8. The man (lose

14、)_ a large sum of money this morning. 9. I (read)_ that book through in the library. 10. I (get )_back the umbrella I left in the bus.,II. 单项填空。 1. Im sorry, Cathy, I _ your radio for such a long time. Never mind. A. have borrowed B. have lent C. have kept D. have returned 2. Where have you _ these

15、days? I have _ to Yangzhou with my friends. A. been, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. gone, gone 3. Where is your father? We havent seen each other for weeks. _. A. He has been to America B. He has gone to England C. He is going to Australia D. He would visit my grandparents,4. They have _ since

16、the factory opened. A. left the school B. joined the team C. become workers D. worked here 5. Jim _ the Great Wall many times. A. went to B. goes to C. has gone to D. has been to 6. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was, moved B. was, have moved C. is, have moved D. is, moved 7. _ to the Uni

17、ted States? No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go,8. I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. didnt lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt have 9. Miss Wu has taught in this school _. A. for ten years B. te

18、n years ago C. since ten years D. for ten years ago 10. I _ todays homework already. What about you? A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. finishing,提高题：,Mr. Johnson had a factory. He once 1 on TV that animals could be taught to 2 some work for people if they were given 3 to eat. He loved the idea. He thought it would be 4 to have a dog look after his 5 and an elephant do