(推荐)高三英语专题复习阅读理解的应试技巧

1、高三英语专题复习,Reading Comprehension,阅读理解,文章体裁丰富，一定要有记叙文、说明文和应用文。题材多样，会涉及到奇文轶事、家庭趣事、社会现象、自然现象、科学发现、健康与疾病、游记广告等等。 阅读理解的总阅读量仍然在字左右，文字难度保持稳定，但要求同学具有分析长难句子的能力。 文章都是没有改编的原汁原味的原文，体现了现代英语的特点，加大了内容的复杂程度，反映了现代科学及现实生活中的新发展新变化。要求考生具备一定的科学文化知识和英美国家的风俗习惯以及文化背景常识。,考纲导航,针对阅读能力，要求考生能： 1） 理解语篇主旨大意 2） 理解文章具体信息 3） 根据上下文推断生词

2、的词义 4） 作出简单判断和推理 5） 理解文章的基本结构 6） 理解作者的观点、意图和态度 7） 根据文中提供的信息用恰当的词语完成 与短文相关的图表,4 推断题,5 观点态度题,3 词义语义判断题,2 细节理解题,1 主旨大意题,题型动态分析,1 主旨大意题 文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结. 虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种： Whats the main idea/subject/topic of the passage? The main idea of the passage is The passage is mainl

3、y about_. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? The best title for the passage is/ might be_. The authors main purpose of writing this passage is_.,做题要领,文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的关键。 但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。,return,小

4、试牛刀 1 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly attract your attention: Color TV, only $79. Two-day sale. Hurry. However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that the advertised sets are sold out. But the salesman is quick to reassu

5、re you that he has another model, a more reliable set which is just right for you. It costs $359. This sales tactic is called bait and switch. Buyers are baited with a sales offer, and then they are switched to another more costly item. Buying items on sale requires careful consideration of the merc

6、handise（商品）and the reasons for the sale. 1. Which sentence best expresses the main idea? A) The customer must be on his guard when purchasing items on sale.B) Color television sets which sell for $79 are sold out quickly. C) Many stores use the bait and switch technique to attract customers.D) Anyon

7、e planning to buy a television set should look for a sale.,return,小试牛刀 2 After completing his college studies, Larry Bird began playing professional basketball for the boston celtics. He remained with the Celtics for all his professional career. During those 13 years, Larry Bird was named the Most V

8、aluable Player of the Year three times. He scored more than 21,000 points, and he played in 13 of the highest scoring games in his teams history. Once he scored 60 points in just one game.,56. The main idea of the second paragraph is that Larry Bird_. A. was the named the Most Valuable Player of the

9、 Year B. was strong and tall C. was good at shooting baskets D. was the oldest player of the team,2 细节理解题,这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出： Which of the following statements is (not) true according to the passage? Which of the following is (not) discussed/Mentioned i

10、n the passage? According to the passage , what/where/ Which/who/why/when/how? All of the following are (not) true/mentioned/discussed except_. How does the author/writer feel about_?,小试牛刀 1 (07年高考北京卷）Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom, before they saw it. Jeb put hi

11、s bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.,63. Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar? A. To get ready to fight. B. To frighten

12、it away. C. To protect the boy. D. To cool down.,小试牛刀 2 （07高考天津卷) The city of Rome has passed a new law to prevent cruelty to animals. All goldfish bowls are no longer allowed and dog owners must walk their dogs. This comes after a national law was passed to give prison sentences to people who deser

13、t cats or dogs. “The civilization of a city can be measured by this.” said Monica carina, the councilor(议员）behind the new law. 37. People in Rome believe that the civilization of a city can be judged by its_. A. exchanges with other cities B. protection for ancient ruins C.awareness of animal protec

14、tion D. recognition of animal lover,3 词义语义判断题,这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种： According to the author, the underlined word” means_. From the passage, we can infer that the word”is_. “” can be best replaced by_. What does the author probably mean by”? By”, the author means that_ 做题要领 做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。 根据上下文判断新词汇在

15、特定句中确切意思 根据周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。,Return,小试牛刀 1 (07年高考全国卷）Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska. the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.,69

16、. The words hooked on teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean_. A. attracted to teaching B. tired of teaching C.satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching,return,小试牛刀 2 Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in

17、addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(值得的). 61. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate”? A. repeat B. reiterated C. uneducated D.

18、 sick,4 推断题,推断题的常见形式： (1) we can infer / deduce /assume from this passage / paragraph that_. (1) It can be inferred / concluded from the text that_. (2) From the text we know that _. (3) The passage implies that _. (4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably discusses_.,解推断题的方法： 解推断题最

19、主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。,以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。,小试牛刀 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assi

20、stant was very surprised. “Well,”replied the man,“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.” 64. The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the land

21、lord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insect,小试牛刀 2 (07高考全国卷）Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir(回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tylers memoir? A.Top manager B. Language learners C.Serious educator D. Science organizations,5 观点态度题,回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中,作者的态度才会显得多种多样. 可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。 常见的态度词语有:,