情态动词与高考.ppt

1、情态动词与高考(复习课),一、情态动词的基本特征: 情态动词本身有词义，表示说话的语气或情态，但不能单独在句中作谓语，只能同动词原形一道构成句子谓语，它们没有人称和数的变化，大多用于所有人称。,二、常见的情态动词： can/could, be able to, may/might, must, have to, need, dare/dared, should, ought to, shall, will/would,三、情态动词考点分布情况：,、常见情态动词的基本用法： can/could：“能、会”“可以”（用于现在、过去和将来三 种时态） cant/couldnt：“不能、不可以” be

2、 able to：“能、会”（用于多种时态） may/might：“可以（=can/could）” must：“必须、一定”（表主观看法，） have to：“必须、不得不”（表客观需要，有人称、数、时 态的变化） mustnt：“一定不、千万不” 表禁止之意 neednt = dont have to：“不必”,1. A computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do. (91) A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not 2. - Will you stay for lunch? (9

3、9) - Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 3. - Could I borrow your dictionary? - Yes, of course you _. (92) A. might B. will C. can D. should 4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. (96) A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; mus

4、t D. cant; shouldnt,5. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. may (2001上海) 6. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D.

5、 will （2003） 7. I dont mind telling you what I know. (2004江苏) - You _. Im not asking you for it. A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt 8. Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. （2004上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need,9. The fire spread t

6、hrough the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. (97) A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,注意：could：表过去的能力作“能、会”讲时，可与was/were able to互换，但在表示过去经过努力才完成的事情时（即：managed to do sth.），只用was/were able to，不可用could；,2、shall：用作情态动词： A、用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或 向对方提出建议； - Shall Tom/ I sweep the floor t

7、oday ? - Ok./Thats a good idea. B、用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的“命 令”“禁止”“警告”“许诺”“威胁”等。如： You shall do as I say. （=must 表命令） He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （表警告） Tell him that he shall get the book tomorrow. (许诺）,10. The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? - Of course. (2003北京春) A. Will B. Shall

8、 C. Would D. Do,3. should的用法 . should = ought to：应当、应该（表义务、责任） You shouldnt be so careless. 你不应当这样粗心大意。 .should：“竟然”表惊奇、遗憾等 It is astonishing that we should find violence here. 我们这儿竟然有有暴力行为，真令人震惊。 . should：可能、该（表可能性、推测或推论） They should have arrived in Beijing by this time. 他们这时候应该已到北京了。 The report is

9、 written after careful investigation, so it is should be reliable,11. Im surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an) _ trick. （2001春） A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple 12. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. (95) A. must B. need C. should D. can 13. - When can I

10、come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. (98) - They _ be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 14. I _ pay Tracy a visit, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （2004浙江） A. should B. might C. would D. could,. should：“应该”（表虚拟） 句型一：insist等 + that-clause（“should

11、 + 动词原形”或“动 词原形”） 能用此句型的动词有：二命令：order, command 三建议：suggest, advise, propose 四要求：require, request, demand, desire 但是：insist（坚持说/ 坚持认为），suggest（暗示/表明） 后的宾语从句用陈述语气。 The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel. The dark clouds suggest that it is going to rain soon.,. can/could, may/might和must表推测：

12、,1、must：“一定是、准是”只用于肯定，其结构如下： must + 动词原形：对现在情况的推测； must + be doing：对现在情况的推测； must + have done：对过去情况的推测； 2、can/could：用于否定和疑问， cant/couldnt + 动词原形：“不可能” cant/couldnt + be doing：“不可能在做” cant/couldnt + have done：“不可能已经” 3、may/might：“也许、可能”用于肯定、否定， may/might + 动词原形： may/might + have done： may/might not +

13、 动词原形： may/might not + have done：,15. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. (93) A. must B. may C. can D. will 16. - Are you coming to Jeffs party? (2000) - Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. A. must B. would C. should D. might 17. I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. (89)

14、 A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been 18. - There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. (95) - It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 19. - Do you think our basketballers played very w

15、ell yesterday ? - _ . （2001上海） A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldnt have done better,20. Is John coming by train? （2002） - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 21. Naturally, after I told her wha

16、t to do, my daughter _ go and do the opposite! (2003春) A. may B. can C. must D. should 22. I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. must C. could D. would (2002北京) 23. You _ be tired; youve only been working for an hour.

17、 (2004) A. must not B. wont C. cant D. may not 24. Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? - Sorry, I am not sure. But it _ be. A. might B. will C. must D. can (2004湖北) 25. Isnt that Anns husband over there? (2004安徽) - No, it _ be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A. cant B. must n

18、ot C. wont D. may not,注意：must/ can/ may表推测时，其反意疑问句的构成如下： He must be in the classroom, isnt he? He must have seen the film, hasnt he? He must have seen the film last month, didnt he?,、情态动词表虚拟时的结构 情态动词后接完成体的四个句型： 、could/might have done：“本来可以” 、should/ought to have done：“本应该” 、should not/ ought not to

19、have done：“本不该” 、neednt have done：“本不必” 注意：以上四个结构都指过去的情况, 表并未如此, 在客观陈述事实时要用一般过去时.,26. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. should C. can D. will （2000春） 27. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. (98) - Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. cou

20、ld have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 28. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. (94) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 29. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. m

21、ustnt leave B. shouldnt have left (2001) C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 30. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told (93),2. 含if条件句的复合句中： 句型一：If（过去式/were），主句(should/would / could/ might + 动原) “ 愿意、会 / 能 / 也许” 句型二：If（had done），主句

22、(should/would / could/ might +have done) “愿意、会 / 能 / 也许”,31. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going. (89) A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 32. - If he _ , he _ that food. (93) - Luckily he was sent to the

23、 hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken,33. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. (94) A. has come D. did come C. came D. had come 34. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. (96) A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got 35. Without electricity human life _ quite different today. (91) A. is B