高三英语非谓语动词讲解

1、非谓语动词,Non-finite verbs,Gerund (doing) Infinitive (to do) Participle present participle (-ing) past participle (-ed),动名词与不定式的用法区别,I. 只用动名词 1. 动词 “张惠妹啊不食肯德基”,动名词与不定式的用法区别,I. 只用动名词 2. 词组（介词to） be accustomed to, be used to, get used to 习惯于 object to, be opposed to 反对 keep to, stick to 坚持 be devoted to 致

2、力于, lead to导致， look forward to盼望，see to 照料， pay attention to 注意 3句型 It is no use/ good doing sth. It is worth / worthless doing sth. have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. be busy (in) doing sth. spend some time (in) doing sth.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,II. 不定式与动名词无区别 start begin continue 注意下列情况中begin和start后须

3、接不定式 主语是物不是人 Spring came on, and the snow began to melt. begin和start用于进行时态 Its beginning to snow. 后接表示心理活动或状态的动词，如：understand, realize, know I began to realize how stupid I was. 后接不定式被动式 The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980s.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,III. 不定式与动名词区别细微 love hate like dislike

4、 后接动名词表示经常性的动作，后接不定式表示具体的特定的动作 I like swimming in summer. I didnt like to swim that day.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,IV. 不定式与动名词区别很大 remember forget regret try mean stop go on cant help I remember visiting his parents when I went to the town. Ill remember to visit his parents when I go to the town. Hes forgotten s

5、witching off the light. He forgot to switch off the light when he left. I regret saying those words. I regret to say that I cant come tonight. He tried teaching the children in a new way. He tried to teach the children as much as he could.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,IV. 不定式与动名词区别很大 remember forget regret try mean

6、 stop go on cant help Missing the train means giving up a good chance. He meant to stay in town for another two days. The couple stopped quarrelling when a stranger came. The couple stopped to answer the door. He paused and then went on explaining the text. After finishing a pop song, he went on to

7、sing a folk song. Im afraid I cant help see your aunt off at the airport. I cant help laughing as the story is so funny.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,V. 后接动名词主动式和不定式被动式，表示被动的意义 need want require deserve (worth只能用主动) Poor farming methods require improving / to be improved. VI. forbid, allow, permit, advise doing sb.

8、 to do sth. VII. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 The boy was afraid to go back home because he was afraid of being scolded by his father.,动名词与不定式的用法区别,VIII. 动词不定式省略to 1在感官动词后 see, watch, notice, observe, look at hear, listen to feel, smell 在使役动词后 let, make, have 注意 如果使用的是被动结构，则to

9、不能省略 I saw him leave the room. He was seen to leave the room. see sb. do / doing sth. have的用法 让，要 have sb. do sth. = have sth. done I have him repair my watch. = I have my watch repaired. have sb./ sth. doing I had my car waiting outside. I wont have you smoking. 有 have sth. to do 比较：have some cloth

10、es to wash 自己洗 have some clothes to be washed 别人洗,动名词与不定式的用法区别,VIII. 动词不定式省略to 2词组had better, would rather, had rather, rather than, cant (help) but, might as well（不妨） Lets finish the work today rather than leave it off till tomorrow. 3. 句型Why not Why not join us? 4. 在介词but, except, besides前面的结构中，有行

11、为动词do I did nothing but wait for you. There seemed nothing else to do but wait for you. I had no choice but to wait for you.,必备例句动名词,Everybody knows that smoking is harmful to ones health. Her job is taking care of the old people in the community. I dont mind answering your questions. He considered

12、all the possible results before making a decision. Im sorry for being so rude to you just now. Besides teaching in that school, he translates English novels into Chinese. We couldnt help laughing when we learned what the kid was doing. I like watching TV or reading novels in my spare time. Im lookin

13、g forward to meeting you here in Shanghai soon. Without saying a single word, the little girl stepped out of the office. He was lucky enough to be set free without being fined.,必备例句动名词,Its no use talking like that anymore. (Its useless to read grammar rules all the time.) We stopped talking as soon

14、as our teacher came into the classroom. (We stopped to read our textbooks when the bell rang.) Doing this silly job means wasting both time and money. Please remember to lock the door when you are leaving. We wont forget meeting such kind people. (We wont forget to offer them help if necessary.) If

15、you are anxious to talk with him, you can try dialing this phone number. (Youll try to do well in the exam, wont you?) He never regrets doing what he has done. (I regret to tell you that I might be a few minutes late for the meeting.),必备例句不定式,It is necessary for everyone to be honest and responsible

16、. Its very kind of you to be so helpful all the time. He wishes to be a computer engineer when he grows up. What he wants is only to have an ordinary job so that he can make a living. My parents expect me to become a useful person to the society. Each week we have a Chinese composition to write. We

17、have to hurry since there is little time to go. The problem is how to collect enough money, I wonder where to find the right person for the post. We find it quite easy to operate a computer. Do you think it possible for him to give up smoking? Im afraid your uncle is too old to serve as a fireman. I

18、ll be only too glad to offer you as much help as I can.,必备例句不定式,Do you think its warm enough today for us to swim in the lake? He left his hometown, never to return again He says he has come to apologize for what he did yesterday. I am very sorry to have caused so much trouble here. They stated earl

19、y so as to get back before dark. The students are made to do lots of homework every day. We saw the kid play over there just now. The kids were seen to play in the playground after school. Will you let them play after school? The students were let to play after class. To improve your English, you ne

20、ed to have more language practice. To be honest, I dont place much hope on this project.,分词,1. 现在分词表示“主动、进行”， 过去分词表示“被动、完成” boiling water boiled water developing country developed country flying bird marked bird 2. 现在分词修饰“物”；过去分词修饰“人” exciting game excited fans 注意 He had an excited look in his eyes.

21、 He cried in a frightened voice.,分词作定语,The rising sun was hidden by the clouds. The man standing there is our group leader. A broken cup is lying on the ground. This is a factory built in the 1950s.,分词作定语,The workers _ (build) the new factory are working very hard. The old factory _ (build) last yea

22、r was a car factory. The new factory _ (build) now will be a computer factory. The meeting _ (hold) tomorrow is very important. The girl _ (come) to see me this morning is Mary White.,building,built,being built,to be held,who came,分词作状语,表示时间 When they _ noise, they stopped talking. Hearing noise, th

23、ey stopped talking. While I _ on the street, I caught sight of my former classmate. Wandering on the street, I caught sight of my former classmate. After he _ the classroom, he went home. Having cleaned the classroom, he went home. After she _ a good gift, she was too glad to fall asleep. Having bee

24、n given a good gift, she was too glad to fall asleep.,heard,was wandering,had cleaned,had been given,分词作状语,表示原因 As I thought he might be at home, I called him. Thinking he might be at home, I called him. Because we were tired with waiting, we went home. Tired with waiting, we went home. 表示条件 Turning

25、 to the right, you will find the school. Given another chance, I would have done the job far better. 表示伴随，相当于and连接的并列句 She sat there reading a newspaper. Mother Liu walked into the house, followed by her children. 表示方式，通常在动词stand, go, come, sit后用现在分词 He stood leaning against the wall.,分词作状语,注意 当分词或分

26、词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致。 Hoping to surprise her, I opened the door very quietly. (hoping 的逻辑主语是I) Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. (see的逻辑宾语是the earth) 注意 generally speaking, judging from（由.看来）为固定词组 Judging from his appearance, he must be a very healthy man.,必备例句分词,We felt bored with the teachers endless talk. The football game was so exciting that nobody would like to stay away. Dont you see the children playing in the garden? I must go to the shop to have my watch repaired. We were sorry to hear the disappointing news. I never