高二英语非谓语动词的复习

1、非谓语动词,不定式,过去分词,动名词,现在分词,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,三、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 高考题点击： 1. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (93 N) A. angrily pointingB. and point angrily C. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointing 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. （

2、04上海春季） A. seizing.,disappeared B. seized., disappeared C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing,两个动作之间用 and 连接称为并列谓语，并列谓语需注意两个动词的形式的一致性，故B、D皆错；不用 and 连接时称之为状语，只能用非谓语动词作状语，故C错。,seized 和 took 是并列谓语，disappearing 是伴随状语。此题的关键是and 的位置，如果 and 在 disappear 前，则三个动词并列。,A,D,四、非谓语动词作主语和表语 1. Fishing is

3、his favorite hobby, and _. (01 上海) A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 2. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京

4、卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having,在 and 连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分别作两个简单句的主语。这句话的意思为“钓鱼是他的爱好，集邮也给他带来极大的乐趣。”,D,D,非谓语动词作主语时要注意以下两个重要问题：第一是并行结构问题，如：Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 第二需要注意一些结构： A) 在 Its no use (good; value; importance) 等结构中只用动名词作主语。

5、如：Its no use quarrelling with such a fellow 注意比较：Theres no need to tell him about it. B) 在 Its + adj. 结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型： Its easy (difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough) 后加 for sb.

6、to do Its kind (nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate (考虑周到的), silly,selfish (自私的) )后加 of sb. to do,3. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult. (99 N) not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make,B,动词不定式短语 to make

7、life easier 及 not to make it more difficult 都作 purpose 的表语。非谓语动词作表语时要特别注意两个问题，一是并行结构问题，二是时间问题。一般来说，不定式作表语都表示该动作发生在将来，故在表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等名词作主语时其表语应该用不定式。动名词作表语一般用来表示“身份、职业”等。另外要特别注意现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别。,五、非谓语动词作定语 1. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （0

8、4上海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2. A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night. （04江苏） A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted,该题的谓语动词是 attract，“闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语 flowers。,B,C,“谋杀”只能被预谋，故该用过去分词作定语表示被动。,3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my neph

9、ew. (00 北京春季) A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung,B,hang 作及物动词用时表示人为的“挂”；作不及物动词用时表示东西挂在某处的状态。本句中的hang 为不及物动词，所以用现在分词作定语。,4. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. (99 上海) A. to be chosenB. to choose from C. to chooseD. for choosing,动词不定式 to choose from 和 to choose 都可以作定语

10、，问题是 to choose 作定语时名词是 choose 的对象；to choose from 作定语时，该名词是 choose 的范围。该题指的是范围.,B,非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区别： 分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系； 动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义； 不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构： 在 time, chance, right 等名词后； 在序数词后； 在 wish, need, demand, requirement 等词后。 D)表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法： done 表示已经完成的动作to be done 表示尚未开始的动作 bein

11、g done 表示正在进行之中的动作,六、非谓语动词作宾补 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (95 N) A. not toB. not to doC. not to itD. do not to,A,为了避免重复，常用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes, Id like to. 有些动词后面需要用不定式作宾补，除 tell 外，常见的还 有：adviseallowcauseconsider

12、encourage forbid forceintendorder permitpersuade remind request requireurge warn ask wish want 等 特别注意： hope, agree, demand, suggest 等没有宾补。,2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. (95 N) A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning,使役动词 make / have / let sb. do sth. 但改为被动语态后，则应为：be made /

13、 let to do。注意其它不带 to 的动词不定式的用法。,B,3. A computer does only what thinking people _. (99 上海) A. have it doB. have it done C. have done it D. having it done,A,此句中的 it 指代的是 a computer，what 在从句中作 do 的宾语，表示“人们让计算机所做的事“应该用 people have a computer do 这一结构。需要注意的是 have 的几个常用结构：have sb. / sth. do ; have sb. / st

14、h. done ; have sb. / sth. doing ; have sb. / sth. to do,4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. (00 N) A. carry outB. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 5. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. (94 N) A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to

15、 play,that 引导的是定语从句，修饰 plan，在从句中作 see 的宾语。因此从句中的结构应为 see the plan carried out。特别注意现在分词和过去分词作宾补的区别。,感官性动词后面的宾补若用不定式，则表示一个完整的动 作；若用现在分词，则表示正在进行的动作。本句应理解 为正在进行的动作。,C,A,七、非谓语动词作宾语 1. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. (95 N) A. having met B. meeting C. to meetD. to have met 2. Ive work

16、ed with children before, so I know what _ to my new job. (00 N) A. expectedB. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects,C,B,注意1：仅带不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, refuse, offer, promise, decide, determine, intend, manage, fail, hope, expect, long, wish, tend, desire, plan, pretend, 等； 注意2：动词 know, show 等常带疑问词加 to do

17、 作宾语。,3. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island.(01 上海) A. to have had timeB. having time C. to have timeD. to having time,B,仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admit appreciate avoid delay enjoy escape excuse prevent finish imagine mind practise resist risk suggest stand forgive keep allow advise per

18、mit forbid 但如果在 allow advise permit forbid 后提到有关的人，就只能用不定式作宾补。 在动词 want, need, require, demand 等词后加动名词作宾语 时表示被动意义，相当于 to be done。,4. - You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. - Well, now I regret _ that. (95 N) A. to do B. to be doingC. to have done D. having done 5. - Let me tell

19、you something about the journalists. - Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? (99 上海) A. toldB. tellingC. to tellto have told 6. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. (02 上海春季) A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting,D,B,A,特别注意带不定式和动名词作宾语时意义不同的动词： remember, forget

20、, regret, try, go on, mean, miss, stop,7. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (93 N) A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking 8. - I must apologize for _ ahead of time. - Thats all right. (94 N) A. letting you not knowB. not letting you know C. letting you know notD. letting not you k

21、now 9. Sandy could do nothing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong. (01 上海春季) A. admitB. admittedC. admittingD. to admit,C,B,A,介词的宾语一般都用动名词，但有三个介词 but (except) / than / be about 后要接不定式作宾语。,10. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _a bicycle. (94 N) A. ride rideB. riding ride C. ride t

22、o rideD. to ride riding,注意 prefer 的几个常用句型： prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. prefer + n. to + n.,C,11. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. (01 上海春季) A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up 12. - How do y

23、ou deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? - The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. (02 北京) A. to solving makingB. to solving made C. to solve makingD. to solve made,B,B,要特别注意 to 的词性，分析其为介词还是不定式。 admit to，be accustomed to 习惯于， be used to ，stick to ，

24、turn to，devote oneself to ，be devoted to，look forward to，pay attention to, get down to 等,八、非谓语动词作状语 1. - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. (99 上海) A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting 2. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turn

25、ed off the alarm. (01 北京春季) A. To sleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Having slept 3. In order to make our city green, _. (02 上海春季) A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees,C,A,D,4. _ in thought, he almost ran into

26、 the car in front of him. (96 N) A. LosingB. Having lost C. LostD. To lose 5. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. (00 北京春季) A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given 6. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. (00 上海) A. hopedB. hopin

27、gC. to hopeD. hope,lose oneself in sth. 表示“陷入”，主语 he 为 lose 的宾语。,given 作状语意为“考虑到”，意思相当于 considering。,注意 hoping 为伴随状语而非目的状语，真正的目的是后面的 to get 。,C,A,B,7. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. (02 N) A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun 8. Finding her car stol

28、en, _. (01 上海). A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,once 在此处只是副词，后面的分词必须考虑到与句子主语的关系。begin为及物动词，意为“开始、启动”，故该用过去分词。,本句要特别注意其逻辑主语。,D,D,九、非谓语动词的时态语态和被动 I would love _ to the party last night but I ha

29、d to work extra hours to finish a report. (97 N) A. to go B. having goneC. goingD. to have gone 2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. (99 N) A. to have studiedB. to study C. to be studyingD. to have been studying,D,A,would love to have done 表示本想去做，但没做成。,本题的关键是“what

30、country he studied in”，由此可知事情发生在过去。,3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. (01 上海) A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told 4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (02 N) A. to seeB.

31、 to be seenC. seeingD. seen,本题中母亲被告知真象显然发生在以前，所以你现在没有必要再隐瞒了。,remain 后接 to do，此处 it 指代的是后面的主语从句。他 们是否喜欢有待于观察，此处应为被动。,D,B,5. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. (02 上海) A. ExposedB. Having exposed C. Being exposedD. After being exposed 6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may n

32、ow be too late to clean up the river. (01 N) A. Having suffered B. SufferingC. To sufferD. Suffered 7. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party. (00 上海) A. having not been invitedB. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited,该句缺主语，只能用动名词才能作主语。,C,A,D,8. With a lot of difficul

33、t problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (02 上海春季) A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled,with + n. / pron. + O.C. 构成一个独立主格结构，在句中作状语。用 settled 表示已经解决了的问题；用 being settled 表示正在被解决的问题；用 to be settled 表示将要被解决的问题。而此处的 to settle 是用来作定语修饰前面的 problems。 另外还要注意一下分词的独立主格结构的基本

34、用法。,C,Good-bye!, 英语补习班 语文补习 数学辅导 英语的主要方言在语音上有着相当明显的差别，拼写的差别则较小。一般人们以一些学术机构的辞书作为标准的英语，例如牛津英语词典等。在学术、科技文章方面，来自各国作者使用的是一种共同文体。第二次世界大战以前，“美式英语”这个术语通常被理解为美国人特有的语词和语法，在当时的一些“纯洁主义”的英国文人看来，它不是纯正的英文，但到了第二次世界大战前后，“美式英语”一词的概念逐渐变了，只指在美国本土上使用的英语，而不论其与英国英语的异同。在第二次世界大战以后，由于美国的大众传播媒介迅速发展，美国英语已反过来对其他方言产生影响，并且正在日益扩大这

35、种影响。敢有半点二心/您立即就去替爷小小格偿命/在王爷刚壹开口时候/竹墨以为她此命休矣/壹脸绝望之情/但是当她听完王爷那壹番处治结果/当即被惊得目瞪口呆/二十板子是意料之中/理所当然跑别咯/而且依她罪行/四十板子都别为过/可是/怎么可能还会再回怡然居当差呢？她犯下可是滔天大罪/比吟雪罪过别知要重好些倍/虽然王爷开宗明义地说过咯/死罪可逃/活罪难免/但是活罪也别应该是种免法/连吟雪都被发到下面庄子去配咯人/她那么罪大恶极之人怎么竟然还能够继续会回到怡然居/继续当她家主子贴身丫环/那简直是是还有没什么天理咯？第1306章/爱恨以竹墨思维能力和水平/当然是永远都猜别透王爷那番苦心安排/而王爷也是没什

36、么办法办法/才会出此下策/经过那壹晚上审讯/令他对水清从怨恨到怜悯/特别是随着竹墨各项罪行供述/他被别由自主地拉回到对往事追忆之中/继而对水清态度产生咯动摇/在此之前/他确实是如她憎恨他那样/深深憎恨/深恶痛绝地憎恨着她/可是他们曾经过往/或甜蜜/或悲伤/无壹别深深地印刻在他心里/虽然他无数次地发誓要忘掉她/却是无论如何也忘别掉/即使是现在/对她深怀仇恨时候/那世界上没什么无缘无故爱/也没什么无缘无故恨/有咯爱才会有恨/假设他没什么对她爱/她只是壹各陌生路人/他又何来对她恨呢？爱与恨/同生共存/它们并别是相互对立关系/非此即彼/相反它们是相互依存关系/爱恨同源/正是因为他对她曾经怀有深深爱/才

37、会令他心生怨恨/正因为有咯爱也有咯恨/才会令他在潜意识中/暗暗地决定要放水清壹条生路/假设能够证明她真是丢咯魂/而别是在刻意地欺骗他妄图逃脱延误福宜小格病情罪责/假设她能够好好地对待现在那各还在怀胎之中小小格/而别是壹各狠心额娘/他愿意/原谅她/他愿意原谅水清/但是必须有壹各前提条件/那就是给他壹各充足、极具说服力理由/他和水清都拿别出壹各有效法子来证明她确实丢咯魂/但是对竹墨审讯却让那件事情有咯转机/令他当即就想出咯壹各几乎是天赐良机证明法子/那就是竹墨/让竹墨去当那各证明人/竹墨作为水清贴身丫环/虽然别像月影那样与她关系极为亲密/但是与怡然居其它那些丫环们相比/则是最接近水清壹各奴才/更咯

38、解她壹举壹动/壹言壹行/此外/在长达三四年时间里/对于水清那样壹各极为精明主子/竹墨竟然能够游刃有余、频频得手/充分表明咯水清对她充分信任/完全就是别设防/所以由竹墨当他卧底奴才/绝对别会引起水清任何疑心/但对对于由竹墨担当他耳目那各安排/王爷并没什么对竹墨挑明/那么壹各吃里扒外、忘恩负义奴才/他根本无法相信她会对他有多大忠诚度/也无法保证哪天竹墨壹别小心说漏咯嘴/所以他只会暗中利用/别会明确任务/别过他也根本别用担心竹墨胆敢给他汇报上来假情况/因为竹墨本应该治咯死罪/是他/枉开壹面放咯她壹条生路/成咯她彻头彻尾救命大恩人/所以竹墨壹定会对他感恩戴德/忠心别二/他若是找竹墨问话/竹墨定别会向他

39、谎报壹丝壹毫/所以他打算将竹墨放虎归山以后/隔三差五地找她问问怡然居里发生家长里短/问问水清生活起居/那是他充分关心年侧福晋/关心他未出世小小格行为/用那种方式问出来情况/既别会引起水清和竹墨疑心/又能探得最真实情况/第1307章/线人此时眼见竹墨壹脸迷惑表情/王爷还有事情需要叮嘱吩咐/所以也没什么给她留有更多消化时间/而是继续开口说道：/今天事情/您别得对任何人说起/当然/李侧福晋那边爷自有安排/她绝对别会找您麻烦/至于您为啥啊挨那二十大板/完全是因为您明知年侧福晋怀咯身孕/非但没什么精心服侍/更没什么及时禀报/以致您家主子昏倒在佛堂/险些失咯爷小小格/那是对您没什么尽心尽力服侍您家主子实施

40、家法处置结果/竹墨此时已经连惊讶表情都没什么咯/完全壹副傻愣愣模样/呆呆地跪在书房中间地板上/她别但只受咯二十板子最轻处罚/还能够回到怡然居继续当差/而且王爷还主动替她掩盖罪行/没什么将她丑事张扬出去/她/她/那是前世几辈子修来福份？还是说/现在别要咯她命/是因为她家主子需要人伺候/等将来找到新合适奴才/她命数就到头咯？望着呆若木鸡竹墨/王爷晓得她就是打破脑袋都想别出来那是前世几辈子修来福份/心中禁别住壹阵阵地鄙夷：也就是因为您家主子/您才能安然脱险/否则话/您现在应该直接就去见阎王/就算是要咯您命/也换别回来爷福宜小格/实在是死有余辜/虽然对竹墨愤怒壹刻都没什么停歇/但是由于现在他还需要那各

41、奴才替他卖命/所以别想将她惊吓过度/也跟水清似失魂失心/于是他别动声色地说道：/爷说话/从来都是壹言九鼎/您也别必有啥啊顾虑/爷现在别会要咯您命/将来也别会要/但是前提条件就是您要将您家主子精心服侍好/别得再有任何闪失和差错/但凡再有壹星半点儿差池/到那各时候/就是天王老子来说情/您也别想再有半点儿活路/对竹墨恩威并施壹番之后/天色已经蒙蒙亮/眼看着五更天就要来临/他马上就要梳洗整装去上早朝/虽然是彻夜未眠/却取得咯极大成果/既查清咯事情来龙去脉/又暂时解决咯他与水清之间证明法子问题/面对如此巨大成果/他别但没什么壹丝壹毫倦意/相反更是因为欢欣鼓舞结果而心情舒畅起来/于是他破天荒地使用咯极为平

42、和语气朝竹墨吩咐道：/您下去吧/领完板子/养好伤/好好回去服侍您家主子/即使听到王爷如此心平气和吩咐/竹墨仍是没能从惶恐与别惑中回过神儿来/别过有壹点她算是明白咯/那就是目前暂时保住咯小命/将来只要是好生服侍她家主子/就能永保平安/所以竹墨也顾别得去思考各中原因/赶快感恩戴德又心惊胆战地迅速退咯下去/只是在退下之前/连说咯三遍/谢爷开恩/又着着实实地磕咯三各响头/在随小顺子去实施家法路上/走着走着/她突然想起来/竟然还有两件事情忘记向王爷坦白交代咯/第1308章/避轻竹墨忘记交代那两件事情与琵琶事件和下药事件相比/算别上有多严重/壹件就是王爷和水清还在蜜月期时候/那天早上水清因为被他呵痒而惊叫出声/被秦顺儿和月影误会/实际上那天竹墨虽然没什么像月影和秦顺儿那样站在门外恭候/但是由于她正好在院子里/当然也听到咯水清那壹声惨叫/当然也产生咯同样误会/正是由于她暗地通风报信/才让淑清得到咯壹各绝好打击水清机会/令她在众人面前出丑/另外壹件事情就是他邀水清赏雪/后来演变成咯云雨之欢/被月影误会她家仆役