完形填空解题技巧

1、Skills of Cloze Tests,完形填空解题技巧,一、英语完形填空的命题特点,英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。 完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。实词中偏重于对动词和名词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其它词类的考查。试题以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。,广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。,命题揭密,完型填空的特点： (1)首句不设空：

2、因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意， (2)选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。 (3)设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。 句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。 句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。 语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。,轻语法，重逻辑,How to get high scores？,1. 正确的答题步骤 2. 必要的答题技巧 3. 适量的实践训练,1. 注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。 a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.

3、 b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句. 2. 注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。 a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格. b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点. 3. 通读全文,检查核对.确保最佳。,解题步骤与策略,hospital,night,no / little,Warming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the _ . 2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works during the_. 3.He is

4、rather busy, so he has _ time to have lunch at home.,4.We have an English test this term, its very easy, most students can _this test. 5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very tired _happy.,pass,but,Warming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,有没有什么技巧呢?,Skill 1：context（上下文、语境）,In New York, on a Fr

5、iday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _1_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual.,1. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax,violin,violin,Skill 1

6、：context（上下文、语境）,Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?” . as big as the pool, there is one basket of water,2. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. apples,basket of water,water,baskets of,Lium

7、ei is among the _9_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. 9. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent,同义重现,Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _10_ friends whi

8、le others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 10. A. true B. right C. same D. similar,原词重现,反义同现,逻辑关系：转折,. - She had got a(n) ( 36 ) and needed a blood transfusion(输血）from her five-year-old brother, who had had the same disease but (37) stayed

9、 alive.- ( )36. A. accident B. problem C. disease . - No matter when my friends saw him pass by, they would (38), “Hey, deaf(聋子) and dumb(哑巴)”, -There were no friends around to shout the usual words of “greeting”. - ( )38. A. sing B. run C. shout,C,C,When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences

10、 in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _3_ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.,3. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later,fifty,Skill 2：logic（逻辑推理）,forty-five,Skill 2：logic（逻辑推理）,My mother oft

11、en asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ，Mommy” She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聋的）,4. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head,sound,deaf,. -For a long time she stood in the basket silently. and only kept her eyes (45) to

12、look at all the wonderful sights below. ( ) 45. A. closed B. open C. clean . - “Hey, deaf(聋子) and dumb(哑巴), whats the time?” They told me that he could neither hear nor (39). ( ) 39. A. speak B. see C. answer . - “Will I start to (45) right away?” Being young, the boy had misunderstood the doctor, h

13、e thought he was going to have to give her all his blood. ( ) 45. A. relax B. sleep C. die,B,A,C,When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking,5. A. for B. of C.

14、 with D. to,pays attention,to,Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）,pay attention to 注意,Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）,Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace, literature,

15、and the sciences.,6. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions,made great to,make contributions to对做出贡献,例1：“Jessie, you want so many things. You need to be ( 42 ) with what you have. Not many children can have a ride in a hot air balloon.”. (佛山2008) ( ) 42. A. careful B. excited C. plea

16、sed 例2：- He thought for only a moment before taking a ( 41 ) breath and saying, “Yes, Ill do it if it will ( 42 ) Lisa.” (佛山2010) ( ) 41. A. deep B. loud C. final,C,A,Skill 4：words analysis（词义辨析）,7. But by using literary texts (文学文本 ) alongside other texts, teachers can 7 students improve their read

17、ing skills.,7.A. want B. help C. get D. ask,.- I was alone. There were no friends around to shout the ( 43 ) words of “greeting”.（ ( ) 43. A. usual B. ordinary C. normal .- “Jessies dad took her to ride in a red, blue and yellow hot air balloon. It rose from ground and moved slowly the sky. Jessie (

18、 37 ) forests and many beautiful lakes and rivers. ( ) 37. A. saw B. noticed C. watched,A,A,例1: - The old man looked at me. Then he looked at his ( 45 ) and replied, “Its 5:30”. (佛山2009) ( ) 45. A. umbrella B. home C. watch 例2: - “When fish are hungry, they will bite(咬) ( 43 ) anything.”(佛山2006) ( )

19、 43. A. never B. hardly C. almost,在日常生活中，饿了就要吃东西，渴了就要喝东西，累了就要休息，冷了添衣服，热了脱衣服等是约定俗成的事,C,C,Skill 5：background knowledge（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的）,But we run so fast that, afterwards, we had trouble 8 .,8. A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathing,run so fast,1、context（上下文、语境）,3、regular collocation（固定搭配）,2、

20、logic（逻辑）,Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧),4、 words analysis（词义辨析）,5、background knowledge（背景知识）,1. Martin Luther King was an important 1 of black people in American. He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr King led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Amer

21、icans went there to take part in the 2 . They wanted the government to 3 the laws that were unfair to black people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force. When he was killed in 1968, the United States 4 a great leader. 1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D.

22、 teacher 2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march 3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change 4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died,leader,march,that were unfair to,was killed,2. Every American knows the Mayflower. The Mayflower was the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from England to the new world in 1620. There

23、 were 102 pilgrims（十六 世纪英国移民） on board. It was a dangerous trip for one small ship to make, and it _3_ more than 66 days . The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land. In this New World , there were no homes or towns. They had to build their own _5_. This became Known as Plymouth, Massachu

24、setts.（普利茅斯，马萨诸塞州 ） 1) A. flower B. ship C. film D. place 2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew 3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost 4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D. thankful 5) A. ship B. house C. fields D. city,Plymouth, Massachusetts,ship,when they finally saw land,Have a try!,Tess was ei

25、ght years old when her parents talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money. She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 , “Only a miracle (奇迹) can save him now.” Tess got

26、 all the change she had and 4 her way to the drug store.,A. surgeon B. companion C. protection D. operation 2. A. borrow B. lend C. make D. leave 3. A. happily B. proudly C. angrilyD. sadly 4. A. made B. took C. sailed D. passed,make ones way to朝走去,5. A. doubtful B. bad C. puzzling D. unlucky6. A. b

27、uy B. purchase C. sell D. share7. A. looked B. ran C. came D. rolled,“What do you want?” the clerk asked. “A miracle. ” Tess answered. “My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.” “We dont 6 miracles here, little girl.” The clerk said.

28、The clerks brother was a well-dressed man. He 7 over and asked the little girl, “What kind of miracle does your brother need?”,come over走近，走过来 look over仔细检查 run over撞倒 ，跑过去 roll over翻滚；翻身,8. A. replied B. allowed C. accepted D. expected9. A. tired B. deaf C. nervous D. sick10. A. wait B. beg C. pay D. apply11. A. high B. low C. loud D. excited,“I dont know,” Tess 8 with tears in her eyes. “I just know hes really 9 , but my dad cant 10 for a miracle, so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”. Tess answered in a 11 voice.,12. A. exact B. same C.