高考非谓语动词专项讲解

1、非谓语动词（复习） non-infinitive,06年高考语法复习,一、非谓语动词的考点 1、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别； 2、非谓语动词作定语； 3、非谓语动词作主语和表语； 4、非谓语动词作宾语； 5、非谓语动词作宾补； 6、非谓语动词作状语； 7、非谓语动词的时态语态和被动。,二、非谓语动词的句法功能,三、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 高考题点击： 1. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (93 N) A. angrily pointing B.and point angrily C. angrily pointed D.and an

2、grily pointing 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. （04上海春季） A.seizing,disappeared B.seized, disappeared C.seizing,disappearing D.seized, disappearing,四、非谓语动词作主语和表语 高考题点击： 1. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. (01 上海) A. hed like to col

3、lect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 2. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having,非谓语

4、动词作主语时要注意以下两个重要问题： 第一是并行结构问题 如：Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 第二需要注意一些结构： 在 Its no use (good; value; importance) 等结构中只用动名词作主语。 如：Its no use quarrelling with such a fellow . 注意比较：Theres no need to tell him about it.,B) 在 Its + adj. 结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型： Its easy (difficult, hard, importan

5、t, possible, impossible,comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last,the best, too much, too little, not enough) 后加 for sb. to do Its kind (nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful,thoughtless, brave, considerate (考虑周到的), silly,selfish (自私的) )后加 of sb. to do,3. The purpose of

6、 new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult. (99 N) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make,因为主语是the purpose，在（purpose, wish, promise, plan）后常跟不定式，古表语要用不定式，to不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，故选B 。,五、非谓语动词作定语,高考题点击： 1. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden at

7、tract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （04上海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2. A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night. （04江苏） A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted,3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.(2002 北京春季) A. having hu

8、ng B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 4. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy.(99 上海) A. to be chosenB. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing,非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区别： 分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系； 动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义； 不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构： 在 time, chance, right 等名词后； 在序数词后； 在 wish, need, dema

9、nd, requirement等词后。 D)表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法： done 表示已经完成的动作 to be done 表示尚未开始的动作 being done 表示正在进行之中的动作,六、非谓语动词作宾补 高考题点击： The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (95 N) A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not to,为了避免重复，常用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作。如：Would you like to v

10、isit our school? Yes, Id like to. 有些动词后面需要用不定式作宾补，除 tell 外，常见的还 有：adviseallowcause encourage forbid forceintendorder permitpersuade remind request requireurge warn ask wish want 等 特别注意： hope, agree, demand, suggest 等没有宾补。,2. Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.(95 N) A. learn B. to le

11、arn C. learned D. learning 3. A computer does only what thinking people _. (99 上海) A. have it do B. have it done C. have done itD. having it done,结构:have sb./sth. do; have sb/sth. done ; have sb. / sth. doing ;,4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. (00 N) ca

12、rry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 5. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. (94 N) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play,七、非谓语动词作宾语 高考题点击： 1. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. (95 N) A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 2. Ive

13、 worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. (00 N) A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects,C,B,注意1：仅带不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, refuse, offer, promise, decide, determine, intend, manage, fail, hope, expect, long, wish, tend, desire, plan, pretend, 等； 注意2：动词 know, show 等常带疑问词加

14、 to do 作宾语。,3. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island.(01 上海) A. to have had timeB. having time C. to have time D. to having time,B,仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admit appreciate avoid delay enjoy escape excuse prevent finish imagine mind practise resist risk suggest stand forgive keep 但如果在 allo

15、w advise permit forbid 后提到有的人，就只能用不定式作宾补。 在动词 want, need, require, demand 等词后加动名词作宾语时表示被动意义，相当于 to be done。,4. - You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. - Well, now I regret _ that. (95 N) to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 5. - Let me tell you something about the

16、journalists. - Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? (99 上海) A. toldB. telling C. to tellto have told 6. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour.(02 上海) A.waiting B.to wait C. wait D.to be waiting,D,B,A,Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _a bicycle. (94 N

17、) A. ride rideB. riding ride C. ride to rideD. to ride riding,注意 prefer 的几个常用句型： prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. prefer + n. to + n.,C,11. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. (01 上海春季) A. set up B. setting up C. ha

18、ve set up D. having set up 12. - How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? - The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. (02 北京) A. to solving makingB. to solving made C. to solve makingD. to solve made,B,B,要特别注意 to 的词性，分析其为介词还是不定式。 admit to，be

19、accustomed to 习惯于， be used to ，stick to ，turn to，devote oneself to ，be devoted to，look forward to， pay attention to, get down to 等,八、非谓语动词作状语 高考题点击： 1. - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. (99 上海) A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. T

20、o be getting 2. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (01 北京春季) A. To sleep B. SleepingC. SleepD. Having slept 3. In order to make our city green, _. (02 上海春季) A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant mo

21、re trees,C,A,D,4. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (96 N) A. LosingB. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 5. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. (00 北京春季) A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given 6. He sent me an E-mail, _ t

22、o get further information. (00 上海) A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope,lose oneself in sth. 表示“陷入”，主语 he 为 lose 的宾语。,given 作状语意为“考虑到”，意思相当于 considering。,C,A,B,九、非谓语动词的时态语态和被动 高考题点击： I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.(97 N) A. to go B. having gone

23、C. goingD. to have gone 2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. (99 N) A. to have studiedB. to study C. to be studyingD. to have been studying,D,A,3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. (01 上海) A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D.

24、to have been told 4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (02 N) A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen,D,B,5. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.(02 上海) A. ExposedB. Having exposed C. Being exposedD. After being exposed 6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01 N) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suff