高二英语Book 5 Unit 1(知识点和语法课件)

1、Unit 1 Great scientists,Warming up and Pre-reading,1. object: n. 目标,目的；物体, 宾语 vi. 反对; vt. 抱怨说 The object of the game is to score 100. His object is to make a fortune. The two objects fell to the ground at the same speed. That is a direct object. We object to (changing) the plan. My mother objects th

2、at Im too young to go alone.,2. life up举起,抬起 3. explain sth. to sb.; explain (to sb.) +宾语从句 Can you explain the sentence to me? He explained (to her )why he was late. He explains (to me) that his car broke down on the way. 4. pass sth. (on) from A to B; pass sth. to sb. Please pass the cell phone to

3、 Mary. We should pass (on) the good style from generation to generation.,5. characteristic n.特性,特征,特点,特色； adj. 特有的, 特性的,特征的 be characteristic of具有特点(特色,特征,特性) He has a weak characteristic. Constant showers are characteristic of the summer here. Hot pot is characteristic of Sichuan. This is character

4、istic of him. 6. put forward=raise=put (out) =come up with提出 He put forward a new theory.,7. draw a conclusion that得出结论 draw a conclusion from从得出结论 He draws a conclusion that Mary lied. We draw this conclusion from a series of experiments. 8. set out表明,发表,陈述,宣布, 阐明 He set out his point of view at th

5、e end of his speech. 9. evidence U证据； 10. analyse (分析) the sentence 11. conclude (结束) a speech; conclude (断定,认定) that,Grammar,The Past Participle Used as Attribute,1. 构成: v +ed 或不规则的变化动词 （See Page 104-106） 2. 过去分词本身的含义: 被动 或完成 a broken heart, a lost dog, a ploughed field, a risen sun, a grown-up dau

6、ghter, an escaped prisoner, a retired general, faded colors,3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成, 主动关系。 fallen leaves 落叶, a retired worker returned students 归国留学生, the risen sun newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人 4. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系) the cold boiled water 冷开水 a developed country,单个词一般前置： Poll

7、uted air and water are harmful to peoples health. (=Air and water which are polluted are harmful) 两个词以上要后置： The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home.(=The patient who has been operated on will),5. 过去分词作定语的位置,Reading One John Snow defeats “King Cholera”,Para 1: 1. expert n. expose a ne

8、wly-born child He is exposed to cholera.他染上了霍乱。,Para 1: 4. deadly致命的；dead死的 5. cure n. challenge sb. to sth. He challenges me to fight. He challenged Jack to try again. He challenged us to a contest.,Para 1: 7. cause(造成某种后果或疾病的)原因; reason（解释做某事的）原因、理由 the cause of the fire; the reason for being late

9、 8. neithernor既不也不 He neither listened nor wrote. Neither did he listen nor did he write. 9. every/each time+从句:每次(每当) 时候 Each time I go there, he is always reading.,Para 2: 1. suggest (建议) that (should) suggest (表明) that suggest (建议) doing He suggests that Tom (should) be sent there. His accent sug

10、gests that he is from Sichuan. We suggest changing the plan for the term. 2. multiply vi.繁殖 Rabbits multiply rapidly. 3. a cloud of一股(一阵,一群, 一片, 一团): a cloud of dust/birds/planes,Para 2: 4. absorb vt.吸收;吸引; 使专心 absorbinto把吸进 absorb sb. in sth.让某人专心于 absorb oneself in sth. =be absorbed in sth. 专心于 Hi

11、s words absorbed my attention. Dont absorb the water into your lungs. He absorbed his son in maths. He is absorbed in his maths.,Para 2: 5. be affected/infected with /by染上了 She is affected/infected with cholera. 6. victim受害者,牺牲品 7. float around/about 飘来飘去;来回漂动着,Para 3: 1. suspect(怀疑) sb. of stealing

12、 the watch suspect sb. to be ill/a thief suspect sb. of a robbery suspect that he is a robber. 2. be determined to do决心(决定)干,Para 4: 1. mark(标记) sth. on; be marked with/by上面标有 He marked his name on its cover. The floor is marked with/by his footprints. 2. make an investigation of=investigate =look i

13、nto调查 3. foresee (预见,预知) the future 4. pump n.泵 v.用抽水机抽;抽吸 pump water from the well;pump the well dry 5. be to blame=should be blamed应受到责备 blame sb. for sth.因责备某人,Para 5: 1. pollute vt.污染 The black smoke polluted our environment. 2. handle n.柄,把手; v.1)处理,对付,应付 He is hard to handle(=deal with). Ill h

14、andle(=deal with) the case. 2) 操作：handle(=run=operate) a machine开机器 3)触摸,拿: Dont handle the apple before washing your hands. 4) 经营：handle tea,Para 5: 3. remove拆掉=take apart 4. soon afterwards不久之后= by and by; soon after= shortly after= not long after在之后不久 5. You should slow down (vt. The car slowed d

15、own. 6. ,(and) not是不是 He is a doctor and not a nurse. He works in a clinic, not in a hospital.,Para 6: 1. supporting evidence有力的证据 2. link (联系,连接) A with/to B； be linked with/to 3. so many (much, few, little) 4. deliver to(移交, 交付,引渡,投递,传送) deliver sb. from(解救, 解除, 释放) deliver(发表) a speech; deliver l

16、etters deliver sb. from pains/slavery deliver the prisoner to America deliver the parcel to Jack,Para 6 5. have/get（使）+宾语+过去分词 1) 请人做某事:Ill have my car repaired. 2) 自己做：He had his watch mended. 3) 蒙受损失: He had his wallet stolen. 6. die of (内因、疾病、情感造成的死亡) die of hunger and cold; die of cancer; die of

17、 sadness die from (外因、疾病造成的死亡) die from an accident; die from a wound; die from cholera 7. with certainty确信,Para 6: 8. announce(宣布、宣告) (to sb.) that announce sth. to sb. He announced the end of the meeting to the whole class. He announced to the whole country that the war came to an end. 9. carry(传播

18、=spread) the virus,Para 7: 1. to do= in order to do为了 To enter college, he studies very hard. 2. prevent(阻止= stop) sb. (from) doing; keep(阻止) sb. from doing 3. instruct(指导,指示,教育, 命令) sb. to do He instructs us not to make a mistake. 4. notany more/any longer不再 =no longer He doesnt live here any longe

19、r.,Reading Two Copernicus Revolutionary Theory,Para 1: 1. be frightened at / of/ to do/that Im frightened that there are wolves here. 2. ignore (有意地）不顾,不理,忽视 ignore sb./ the danger 3. lead to 1)通向 2) 导致, 造成,引起( = result in= cause) The road leads to the village. Their carelessness led to the accident

20、. 4. Only +状语+倒装句： Only in this way can you succeed.,5. Only if+倒装句：只有 Only if you come early can you see her. 6. punish sb. for sth. 因惩罚某人 7. make sense 讲得通,有意义,有道理,说得清楚 8. apart from(= in addition to) 1) =besides;2)= except 9. make a contribution to 为做贡献; contribute to 1) 为做贡献; 2) 捐助; 3) 有助于, 促成 4) 给投稿 contribute lots of money to the school,Paras 2-3: 1. arise vi. 起来, 升起,出现,呈现 a