英语国家概况-加拿大(Canada)

1、An Introduction toCanadian Culture,Marc Upton,CANADAs HISTORY,Native Americans lived in Canada for thousands of years. In the early 1600s, colonists from Britain and France began to settle in eastern Canada, along the St. Lawrence River. Canada proved to be an excellent spot for trapping and trading

2、 of furs. In the 1800s, settlers began to push west. Most of the native Americans were displaced by the Europeans.,Land British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, rare

3、earth elements, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and hydropower8.,Banff National Park,Government Responsibilities,The federal government is responsible for things effecting the entire country such as citizenship, immigration, national defens

4、e, trade with other countries12, the banking system, criminal code, and indigenous populations8. The federal government also has some involvement in things like employment, insurance, and Medicare that were once controlled by the provinces, because of the greater resources of the federal government8

5、. The provinces or territories have responsibility for things like education, highways, healthcare, and welfare8. In areas with a municipal government, the municipal government is responsible for local matters like firefighting and city streets12.,Queen Elizabeth II,Governor General: David Johnston,

6、Ottawa,Economy,The economy in Canada is the 9th strongest17 in the world8. The substantial growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors in Canada since World War II has revamped the nation from a primarily rural economy into one predominantly industrial and urban8. Canada is the 10th lar

7、gest exporter of oil and the 3rd largest exporter of natural gas in the world17. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States, including; oil, gas, uranium, and also electric power8.,Vancouver,Economy,As of 2014 there are an estimated 18.85 million people in the Canadian wor

8、kforce8. Percentages of occupations held in the labor force in 2006: agriculture: 2%, manufacturing: 13%, construction: 6%, services: 76%, other: 3%8 Although many people reap the benefits of a strong economy, 7.3% of the population was unemployed in 2012 and more than 9% of the Canadian population

9、lives in poverty as of an estimate done in 20088. 14.8% of Canadians ages 15-24 are unemployed. Canada is a leader in the production of gold, silver, copper, uranium, oil, natural gas, agriculture, wood pulp, and timber-related products8. . The average minimum wage in Canada $10.10., community colle

10、ges, technical institutes, secondary schools, universities, university colleges, career colleges, summer camps, and language schools34. Under the Canadian constitution each province has responsibility for its educational system2. Canadian children generally voluntarily attend kindergarten for one or

11、 two years at the age of four or five34. All children begin Grade One at about six years of age34. The school year lasts from September to the following June34. Depending on what province you are in, secondary schools go up to Grade 11 or 1234. 99% of the population of Canada over the age of 15 is l

12、iterate8.,Population,Canada is the ninth-most sparsely populated nation in the world with a population density of 8.6 people per square mile8. Around 33.4 million people live in Canada, and the population is growing by 0.9 percent annually2. Canadas per-capita immigration rate is one of the highest

13、in the world with about 250,000 immigrants being admitted yearly since 20067. Canada has a society that is open and relatively free of social class distinctions50. Ethnic groups of Canada include; 28% of British Isles origin, 23% of French origin, 15% other European, 2% Amerindian, 6% other, mostly

14、Asian, African, Arab, and 26% mixed background. 8 Religions in Canada; Roman Catholic 42.6%, Protestant 23.3% (United Church 9.5%, Anglican 6.8%, Baptist 2.4%, Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other and unspecified 11.8%, non-religious 16%,Family, Marriage they have fast food, proces

15、sed foods, milk, cheese, eggs, breads, fruits, vegetables, pizza, meat, seafood, and so on. Some common Canadian favorites are Poutine71: Fries layered with gravy and cheese curds ; Chicken wings71: Fried chicken wings with a variety of different sauces ; Pierogies71: A dough dumpling70 stuffed with a filling like cheese, meat, and/or potatoes ; Elk, moose, buffalo, and deer71 ; Tim Hortons Donuts71 ; Beaver Tails71: A type of pastry ; Maple syrup71 ; East coast seafood71 ; Kraft macaroni