Lesson1 A puma at large

1、Lesson1 A puma at large,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,目 录,CONTENTS,Listen and answer,Listen to the tape then answer the question below. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。,Where must the puma have come from?,MENU,n. 美洲狮 v. 看出，发现 n. 证据 v. 积累，积聚 v.使感到必须 n.追猎；寻找 n.黑莓 人类,puma spot evidence accumulate oblige hunt blackberry human being,N

2、ew words and expressions,NEXT,v.使走投无路，使陷入困境 n.一串，一系列 n.印痕 v.粘 v.使信服 adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因 v.令人不安,corner trail print cling convince somehow disturb,New words and expressions,MENU,A puma at large 1a Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wil

3、d puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.,Notes on the text,NEXT,1b However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinari

4、ly similar.,Notes on the text,NEXT,2a The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries sawa large catonly five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.,Notes o

5、n the text,NEXT,2b The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.,Notes on the text,NEXT,2c Paw prints were seen i

6、n a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained ofcat-like noisesat night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.,Notes on the text,NEXT,2d The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no

7、 pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.,Notes on the text,NEXT,2e The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild ani

8、mal is still at large in the quiet countryside.,Notes on the text,MENU,evidence,n. 证据，证明；迹象；明显 vt. 证明 例句: 1. She evidenced her approval by promising her full support。 她答应全力支持，以此来表明她的赞成。 2. Can you present any evidence in your defense? 你能提出任何证据为自己辩护吗？,RETURN,accumulate,vi. 累积；积聚 vt. 积攒 例句: 1. The mor

9、e knowledge you will accumulate more wealth. 越多的知识将使你累积更多的财富。 2. Accumulate through long-term practice and experience, a set of intact, effectual quality guarantees the system and trains systems. 经过长期的实践和经验积累，拥有一套完整的、之有效的品质保证体系和培训体系。,RETURN,obliged,adj. 必须的；感激的；有责任的 v. 要求；约束；施恩惠（oblige的过去分词） 例句: 1.

10、They are often even obliged to pay more for meals at the company canteen. 普通工人也经常被迫在公司餐厅用餐，支付更多的伙食费。 2. Stewardess: Of course not. Its just that if you sit there we are obliged to tell you this. 空中小姐：当然不。只是如果您要坐在那里的话，我们有责任来告诉您这件事情。,NEXT,oblige,vt. 迫使；强制；赐，施恩惠；责成 vi. 帮忙；施恩惠 例句: 1. The principal shall

11、 be obliged to pay the wages to the employees. 必须责成雇主向雇员支付薪金。 2. Can you oblige us with a song? 我能请求你答应再唱一支歌吗？,RETURN,investigate,v. 调查；研究 例句: 1. You once more agree to help and investigate the murder. 你再次答应帮助国王调查谋杀的事情； 2. Investigate vehicle four wheel alignment parameters variation issue in plant.

12、 调查厂内车辆四轮定位参数变差问题。,RETURN,confirmed,adj. 确认的；保兑的；坚定的；惯常的 v. 确证；使坚定（confirm的过去分词）；批准 例句: 1. C. Apostles confirmed Law and the Prophets. 传道者被证实的法律和先知。 2. The representative of China further confirmed that the mechanism established pursuant to Section 2(A) of the Protocol would be operative upon access

13、ion. 中国代表进一步确认，根据议定书（草案）第2条（A）节所建立的机制将自加入时起开始运转。,RETURN,fur,n. 皮，皮子；毛皮；软毛 vt. 用毛皮覆盖；使穿毛皮服装 例句: 1. The fur of this rodent. 这种啮齿动物的毛皮。 2. Features: One fur really do is very soft, comfortable, long hair with warm well! 特点：真皮毛一体做的是柔软很舒适，内毛很长保暖效果很好！,RETURN,clinging,adj. 执着的；有粘性的 n. 坚持；依附 v. 坚持，紧贴（cling的

14、ing形式） 例句: 1. Honestly feedback and serve society in the life trip is the clinging faith of TH.在人生的旅程中，真诚地回馈和服务于社会是TH执着的信念。 2. The day wore away, and even through the twilight they could see the lone ivy leaf clinging to its stem against the wall. 这一天熬过去了，但她们仍然能够透过黄昏的微光看见那片孤独寂寞的叶子依偎着叶柄悬挂在墙上。,NEXT,cl

15、ing,vi. 坚持，墨守；紧贴；附着 例句: 1. Why do we cling to the womb? 为什麽我们依附在子宫中？ 2. Cling to the God. 紧紧地拥抱上帝。,RETURN,convinced,adj. 确信的；深信的 v. 使确信（convince的过去分词）；说服 例句: 1. But not everyone in the India is convinced with the present deal . 但并不是在印度的每一个人都相信目前的协议。 2. They are deeply convinced of the correctness of

16、 this policy and firmly determined to pursue it. 他们深信这一政策是正确的，并有坚定的决心继续奉行这一政策。,NEXT,convince,vt. 说服；使确信，使信服 例句: 1. He convinced me of the difficulty of the work. 他使我确信这件工作的艰巨性。 2. Please convince him of this. 请说服他相信这一点。,RETURN,possession,n. 拥有；财产；领地；自制；着迷 例句: 1. Open your hand is possession. 打开你的手才是

17、拥有。 2. What is your most treasured possession? 你最珍惜的财产是什麽？,RETURN,collector,n. 收藏家；集电极；收税员；征收者 例句: 1. It overcomes a series of problems in transmission of traditional strainometer and collector ring. 它克服了传统的感应式和集流环传输的一系列问题。 2. The Garbage Collector does an excellent job of managing memory for you, a

18、nd it removes unused objects in a very efficient manner. 垃圾收集器在管理内存方面为你做了卓越的工作，它以非常高效的方式移除未使用的对象。,RETURN,escape,vt. 逃避，避免；被忘掉 vi. 逃脱；避开；溜走 n. 逃跑；逃亡 例句: 1. Two were injured, but he escaped. 两人受了伤，但他幸免了。 2. It was impossible for the whales to escape. 对于鲸鱼来说，逃跑是不可能的。,RETURN,disturbing,adj. 令人不安的；烦扰的 v.

19、 干扰；打断（disturb的ing形式） 例句: 1. See if you can pull the cloth off the table without disturbing these glasses. 看你能否把这块布从桌上抽出而不弄乱上面这些玻璃杯。 2. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 一想到这种危险的野生动物野兽还游荡在宁静的乡村里，真是让人担心。,NEXT,disturb,vt. 打扰；妨碍；使不安；弄乱；使恼

20、怒 vi. 打扰；妨碍 例句: 1. Please do not disturb us when we are working. 工作的时候请不要打扰我们。 2. Sorry to disturb you so early. 这么早打扰你真对不起。,RETURN,at large,详尽的；未被捕的，整个的 例句: 1. Streamline technique is employed at large in the visualization of CFD vector fields. 流线可视化技术是普遍采用的CFD矢量场可视化工具。 2. It is disturbing to think

21、 that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 一想到这种危险的野生动物野兽还游荡在宁静的乡村里，真是让人担心。,RETURN,in the possession of,被某人占有；属于；为所有 例句: 1. It is pity so many useful discoveries should be in the possession of a silent man. 那么多有用的见解，却埋藏在一个不爱说话的人的肚子里，实在可惜。 2. This one must have been in

22、the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. 这只美洲狮一定是某位个人收藏家驯养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。,RETURN,When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,译：当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里的地方发现一头野生美洲狮时。 这个从句中以that引导的从句是reports的同位语，用于进一步说明报告的内容。,RETURN,puma

23、fur was found clinging to bushes,clinging是现在分词，此处作主语puma fur的主语补足语。 下文中As no pumas had been reported missing一句中，missing也是现在分词作主语补足语。,RETURN,Summary writting,1 What sort of reports were received by London Zoo?,2 Were the reports similar in nature or not?,NEXT,Summary writting,3 Who saw it first?,4 Di

24、d it stay in one place,or did it move from place to place?,5 What did it leave behind it?,NEXT,Summary writting,6 Were paw prints and puma fur found as well or not?,NEXT,Summary writting,7 What was heard at night?,8 Was the animal seen up a tree or not?,NEXT,Summary writting,Were experts now sure th

25、at the animal really was a puma or not?,NEXT,e.g.The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature. A woman picking blackberries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place, leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals.

26、 Paw prints and puma fur were found as well. Cat-like noises were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma. (79 words),Summary writting,MENU,spotted(1. 2); accumulate(1. 4); obliged to(1. 5); claimed(1. 6); extraordinarily similar

27、(1. 6); immediately(1. 8); convinced(1. 15).,Give another word or phrase to replace the following words as they are used in the passage:,Vocabulary,MENU,Composition,Describe the occasion when the woman picking blackberries saw the puma. Expand the following into a paragraph of about 150 words.,Mrs.

28、Stone had spent the whole morningIt was nearly lunch time, so she decidedShe was justwhen she heard a noise inThen she saw an animal whichShe knew it was not a cat because The animal suddenlyand she thought it was going toShe dropped her basket andHearing the sound, the animalafter which, Mrs. Stone

29、and they(86 words),MENU,On a full page, show the exact position of each of the following:,Letter writing,The address and date; the beginning of the letter; the Introduction; the Purpose; the Conclusion; the letter-ending; the signature; the postscript. Supply all necessary full stops and commas.,MEN

30、U,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 1.简单句 只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。 e.g. WehavelearntEnglishfor3years. 我们已经学英语3年了。 Herdreamhasbecomeareality. 她的梦想成为了现实。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 有时一个句子中有两个或两个以上的词担任主语或谓语，这个句子仍是简单句，只是这个简单句的主语或谓语由两个或两个以上的并列的词共同

31、构成。如： Mary,MarkandJesseareallfromUSA.(三个并列的名词担任主语) 玛丽，马克和杰西都来自美国。 Theseelectricalappliances,metersandinstrumentsareallgoodinquality. 这些电气设备，仪表和仪器的质量都很好。 Theworkersoftheshipyardwilldismantlethemachine,cleanitspartsandreassembleit. (三个并列的动词短语担任谓语)船厂的工人将拆卸该机器，清洁其部件，并重新组装。 Shehaswonmanyawards,andhaseven

32、writtenabookaboutherexperiences. 她赢得了许多奖品并写了一本有关她的经验的书。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 2.并列句: 包含两个或两个以上的互不依从的主谓结构的句子叫做并列句。如： Ourchiefengineerorderedsomesparepartsandtheshipchandlerwilldeliverthemonboardthisafternoon. 我们轮机长订购了一些备件，今天下午供应商会把它们送到船上来。 Someofthee

33、quipmentinourengineroomarehome-made,othersareforeign-made. 我们机舱里的一部分设备是我国自己制造的，其余的是外国制造的。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 和简单句不同的是，在并列句中，各个主谓结构分别说明不同的对象。这些主谓结构称为分句。分句之间常用连词（and,but等）连接起来。在联系紧密的情况下，也可以用逗号隔开，如上面的第二句例句。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and C

34、omplex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 3.复合句：如果一个句子包含两个或两个以上的主谓结构，而其中有的主谓结构只是担任句子的某一成分时，这个句子就是复合句。这时，这些主谓结构之间不是相互并列的关系，而存在一种主从的，依附的关系，一种修饰和被修饰的关系。只是担任句子的某一成分的主谓结构称为从句。从句又可根据其具体作用，被称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。主要的、被修饰的部分则称为主句。下面例句中的划线部分就是从句： Ithinkwecanfinishtherepairwithin2days.（宾语从句） 我认为我们可以在两天内完成该修理工程。 Whe

35、nwewereonourwayhere,theradarwentwrong.(时间状语从句) 在我们来这里的途中，雷达发生了故障。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 Ourdecisionisthatwellrepairthemachineathome.(表语从句) 我们决定在国内修理机器。 Thatwemaintaintheequipmentregularlyisveryimportant.(主语从句) 我们定期维修保养设备是非常重要的。 Thegeneratorthatyoure

36、pairedlastmonthisoutoforderagain.(定语从句) 你们上个月修过的发电机又坏了。,Key structures,NEXT,Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句 Exercise练习 Underline all the joining words in the passage. Note carefully how simple statements have been joined to make compound or complex statements.,Key structures,MEN

37、U,过去曾有一种传统的规定，认为英文句子不允许以介词结尾。现在，这种所谓的禁忌早以破除。在现代英语中，除正体书面语体外，以介词结尾的句子很多，在口语中更为常见。,Special difficulties,About whom are you talking? Who(m)are you talking about? That is the film about which I told you. That is the film I told you about.,NEXT,Exercises练习 A Complete these sentences by adding a suitable

38、word to the end of each one: 1 What are you looking _ ? 2 Where is your mother going _ ? 3 Whom has the letter been sent _ ? 4 This is the house I was born _ . 5 What does your decision depend _ ?,Special difficulties,at/for,to,to,in,on,NEXT,Exercises练习 B Write these sentences again changing the pos

39、ition of the words in italics. Where possible, omit the words whom or which. 1 He is the man about whom we have heard so much. He is the man we have heard about so much.,Special difficulties,NEXT,Exercises练习 B Write these sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where possible,

40、 omit the words whom or which. 2 The shelf on which you put those books has collapsed. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.,Special difficulties,NEXT,Exercises练习 B Write these sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where possible, omit the words whom or which. 3 Fr

41、om whom did you receive a letter? Whom 不能省略 定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略 省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面 look at :注视；look for: 寻找，介词不能前置；live in : 居住，介词可以前置 This is the old house in which he lived. This is the old house he lived in.,Special difficulties,NEXT,Exercises练习 B Write th

42、ese sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where possible, omit the words whom or which. 4 This is the road by which we came. This is the road we came by.,Special difficulties,NEXT,Exercises练习 B Write these sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where

43、possible, omit the words whom or which. 5 Where is the pencil with which you were playing? Where is the pencil you were playing with?,Special difficulties,MENU,Multiple choice questions,Comprehension 理解 1 Experts eventually decided to investigate _ . abecause they did not believe that pumas existed

44、in England bbecause they wanted a puma for the London Zoo cwhen a woman saw a puma in a small village dbecause peoples descriptions of the puma had a lot in common 正确答案：D in common adv.共有 （替换了similar）,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Comprehension 理解 2 What particular piece of evidence persuaded the e

45、xperts that a puma had been seen in the village? aThe puma had not attacked the woman. bThe woman had described the animal she had seen asa large cat. cA puma had come very close to a human being. dThe puma had behaved like a cat. 正确答案：B,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Comprehension 理解 2.正确答案：B A）只是一

46、个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意 B）?large?cat persuade v.说服, 劝说,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Comprehension 理解 3 What was the problem the experts were unable to solve? aHow the puma had managed to cover such great distances within a day. bHow the puma had escaped from a zoo. cWhom the puma had belonged to

47、. dHow the numa had climbed a tree. 答案正确：C,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Comprehension 理解 3 答案正确：C 做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意 文章最后一句话总结了大意,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 4 The accumulating evidence made the experts _ the animal was a puma. (lines 4-6) ato think bthinking cthink dthought,NEXT,Mul

48、tiple choice questions,Structure结构 4 答案正确：C Make的用法： make?somebody?do（在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略） be?made?to?do（被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整） - They made her wait for hours. She was made to wait for hours.,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 5 People said _ the puma. (lines 5-6) ato have seen bto see cthey sa

49、w dthey had seen,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 5 答案正确： D A）把say改成claim就对了 （People claimed to have seen the puma.） D）清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 6 _ , it immediately ran away. (lines 8-9) aObserving her bOn being observed cHaving been observed dOn her being

50、 observed,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 6 正确答案：B 原句中的when引导的时间状语从句表示：.就（as soon as） 被动：On being observed, it immediately ran away. 主动：On observing her, it immediately ran away. On seeing me, he waved to me.,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 7 Pumas never attack a human being except _ cornered. (line 9) athey are bbeing cthat they are dwhen they are,NEXT,Multiple choice questions,Structure结构 7 正确答案：D except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配（也可是when/if引导的从句形式） unless = if.not = except on the condition that when = i