高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit_10课件

1、高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（上） INTEGRATED COURSE,1,PPT学习交流,Unit 10,The Role of Education,2,PPT学习交流,Content,Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project,3,PPT学习交流,Task 1 The following is a list of the core courses offered by colleges or universities. Select what

2、you think are the three most important core courses from the list below. Compare your choices with those of your partners and give reasons for your choices. (P276),Starting out,Economics,Geography,History,Physiology,Psychology,English, dancing, etc),Arts (music, painting,Math,Philosophy,Chinese,P.E.

3、,Computer,Management,Religion,Law,4,PPT学习交流,Task 2 In the mid 1980s, Chinas college enrollment rate stood at about 3% of the population, lower than that of many other developing countries. In the early 1990s, the number rose to 5%. In 1999, universities enrolled 1.59 million students, which was a 41

4、.2 percent rise from the previous year. Since then, the numbers have just kept climbing. In 2002, the college enrollment rate reached 15% percent. It rose to 19% in 2005. Some people think the expansion policy is necessary to improve the quality of the nations education while others believe that the

5、 expansion is responsible for a decline in the quality of teaching as well as the intense competition in the job market. What is your opinion on this issue? Use examples, facts or figures to support your ideas. (P276),Starting outTask 2,5,PPT学习交流,Task 2 Useful words and expressions:,Starting outTask

6、 2,a just, equitable and productive society quality of education skilled workforce low-income areas minority students rising tuition fees heavy financial burden meet the demands of the workplace incapable of tackling practical problems boost economic development increase the skill base of the countr

7、y,6,PPT学习交流,Task 3 In most parts of China, when students reach the second grade at senior high school, they are required to specialize in either science or arts courses. The two courses are very different and some people dislike being streamlined so early in their educational career. What do you thi

8、nk of this practice? Talk to your partner and tell them about your experience. (P277),Starting outTask 3,7,PPT学习交流,Starting out,Now watch a video about Princeton University. Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.,8,PPT学习交流,1. Princeton University is located in Princeton, New Jerse

9、y in the suburban historic town of_ including farmlands and forests. 2. One of the things that weve seen in the last years is _in the class. 3. Princeton offers one of the strongest financial aid programs in the country. Thats why 58% of undergraduates receive financial aid thats not needed _. 4. So

10、me of the most popular majors in Princeton are politics, history, _. 5. Our faculties are leaders in their fields and theyre pushing back _ in terms of their research.,Starting out,diverse surroundings,the gender balance,to be paid back,molecular biology and engineering,intellectual limits,9,PPT学习交流

11、,The Role of the Academy in Times of Crisis,Reading Focus,10,PPT学习交流,Reading Focus,11,PPT学习交流,Listen to a talk on education and educational system, and answer the following questions. 1) Whats the purpose of education? 2) Whats thought to be fashionable in many modern countries? 3) Why do some peopl

12、e refuse to do what they think of as low jobs? 4) Why is the work of a completely uneducated farmer far more important than that of a professor? 5) What kind of education is valuable to the society?,Background Information,12,PPT学习交流,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Task 1 Its important to be able

13、to find the main idea in a paragraph. The main idea tells the reader what the paragraph is mostly about. All of the other sentences in a paragraph are details that tell the reader more about the main idea. The main idea is usually stated in a topic sentence. The topic sentence is often the first sen

14、tence or it may come a little later in the paragraph or even at the end. Its important to be able to distinguish the main idea from the supporting details in reading materials. Sometimes the main idea is not written explicitly but rather suggested. Sometimes it may be expressed in more than one sent

15、ence. There are seven paragraphs in this text. Write down the main idea of each paragraph. (P283),13,PPT学习交流,Para 1: Para 2: Para 3: Para 4:,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Our societys confidence in its institutions of higher education is clear from the generosity of government investment in res

16、earch but it comes with expectation.,Modern academic study relates to the world; it is not apart from it as in the past.,American society has a long-standing consensus about the value of education.,We have an obligation to search for new ideas and knowledge.,14,PPT学习交流,Para 5: Para 6: Para 7:,Readin

17、g Focus Global Understanding,We have an obligation to disseminate new idea and knowledge.,We have the third obligation to educate the next generation of citizens and leaders.,We should cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.,15,PPT学习交流,Task 2,Choose the sentence that best

18、 expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P284),Key: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10,B,C,B,B,C,C,A,C,C,C,Reading Focus Detailed Information,16,PPT学习交流,Critical Thinking,Reading Focus,17,PPT学习交流,Step One Read the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author. Work in

19、groups to provide examples to support or argue against the authors opinions.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,The search for new ideas and knowledge is not and cannot be motivated by utilitarian concern. We should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.,1

20、8,PPT学习交流,Step Two Discuss with your partner the following questions. What do you think is the purpose of education? Do you think the idea of a liberal arts education as preparation for a profession is a narrow one? Why or why not?,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,19,PPT学习交流,Our societys confidence in

21、 its institutions of higher education is expressed through the generous investments of the federal and state governments in basic and applied research, investments that wisely couple support for research with support for graduate education. (Para 2) couple with: if one thing is coupled with another,

22、 they happen or exist together and produce a particular result 并提；加上 e.g. 1) Lack of rain coupled with high temperatures caused the crops to fail. 2) His energy and intelligence, coupled with her skill and patience, overcame all difficulties.,Reading Focus Language Point,20,PPT学习交流,2. In times of tr

23、ouble, it is especially important that we live up to these expectations. (Para 2) live up to: if something or someone lives up to a standard, reputation, or promise, they do as well as they were expected to, do what they promised 符合（标准）；不负（盛名）；履行（诺言） e.g. 1) He works hard and will probably live up t

24、o his parents expectations. 2) The bank is insolvent and is unable to live up to its obligations.,Reading Focus Language Point,21,PPT学习交流,3. The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower, with scholars turned inward in solitary contemplation, immunized from the cares of the day, is an image

25、 that has been superseded by the modern university constructed not of ivory, but of a highly porous material, one that allows free diffusion in both directions. (Para 3) contemplation (n.): quiet, serious thinking about something 沉思 e.g. 1) He is lost in contemplation about his future. 2) The monks

26、spend an hour in contemplation each morning. supersede (v.): to replace 代替，取代 e.g. Television superseded radio in the fifties.,Reading Focus Language Point,22,PPT学习交流,diffusion (n.): spreading ideas orinformation among a lot of people 传播，散播 e.g. 1) The diffusion of ideas across borders is one reason

27、 for Europes success. 2) The diffusion of news by radio and TV may be affected by the Internet. 翻译：中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事这一形象已被现代大学所取代现代大学不是象牙构筑的，而是高度开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。,Reading Focus Language Point,23,PPT学习交流,4. We also have learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places,

28、 for new knowledge often depends upon preparing fertile ground in obscure places where serendipity and good luck, as well as deep intelligence, can sprout. (Para 4) serendipity (n.): the natural ability to make interesting or valuable discoveries by accident 翻译：同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于

29、在未知领域准备好肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥的智慧一样能 开花结果。,Reading Focus Language Point,24,PPT学习交流,5. Freedom of inquiry, which is one of our most cherished organizing principles, is not just a moral imperative, it is a practical necessity. (Para 4) imperative (n.): an essential or urgent thing 需要 e.g. 1) Tackling mala

30、ria is now an international imperative. 2) Distributing food aid is an important moral imperative in that society. imperative (adj.): extremely important and needing to be done or dealt with immediately 急需的 e.g. 1) It is imperative that politicians should be good communicators. 2) It is imperative t

31、o meet face to face with the client.,Reading Focus Language Point,25,PPT学习交流,6. It consists in the power to distinguish good reasoning from bad, in the power to digest and interpret evidence, in the habit of catholic observation and a preference for the non-partisan point of view, in an addiction to

32、 clear and logical processes of thought and yet an instinctive desire to interpret rather than to stick to the letter of reasoning, in a taste for knowledge and a deep respect for the integrity of the human mind. (Para 6) catholic (adj.): including a very wide variety of things 广泛的, 普遍的 e.g. 1) She

33、has a catholic taste in music. 2) You have a catholic array of books on your bookshelf.,Reading Focus Language Point,26,PPT学习交流,non-partisan (adj.): not supporting the ideas of any political party or group 无党派的 翻译：它包括了：辨别正确推理与错误推理的能力，消化 与阐释论据的能力，广泛观察的习惯，对于持客观 见解的偏好，执着于清晰有条理的思维过程，本能 地热衷于阐释内涵而不拘泥于推论的字

34、面意义，对 知识的鉴赏力，对人类健全心智的无限尊重。,Reading Focus Language Point,27,PPT学习交流,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,Task 1 Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P287),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,A,C,D,B,B,B,C,D,A,B,28,PPT学习交流,Task 2,1. To solve a problem you ha

35、ve to understand its _ causes. 2. Once weve had the disease, were usually _ for life.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P288),impart eloquent immunize illumination scholar imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focu

36、s Vocabulary in Action,underlying,immune,29,PPT学习交流,3. I was rather quiet as I didnt feel I had much wisdom to _ on the subject. 4. A broad and balanced education is a(n) _ for raising standards. 5. The fort was _ to attack from the north. 6. Their ideas _ quickly across Europe.,impart eloquent immu

37、nize illumination scholar imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,impart,imperative,vulnerable,diffused,30,PPT学习交流,7. Economic concerns are _ in many voters minds. 8. I went to a(n) _ lecture this morning. 9. The report _ the difficult issues at the he

38、art of scientific policy. 10. He is a man of ambition and _ .,impart eloquent immunize illumination scholar imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,foremost,scholarly,illuminated,eloquence,31,PPT学习交流,Task 3,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriat

39、e word from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P288),Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,deeper,contribute,explore,potential,how,productive,likely,produce,Nationally,dedicated,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,32,PPT学习交流,Americas Failure in Science Education,Reading More,33,PPT学习交流,Reading More

40、,Global Understanding,Critical Thinking,Language Points,Vocabulary in Action,1,2,3,4,34,PPT学习交流,Complete the following extract with information from the text. When it comes to educating the next generation in subjects of science and technology, US students have fallen far behind their competitors in

41、 much of Western Europe and 1) _. According to the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, by the time US students reach their senior year of high school, they rank below 2) _ in 17 other countries in 3) _. This trend has disturbing implications not just for the future of American technol

42、ogical leadership but for 4) _. Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan warned that the country has developed a shortage of highly skilled workers and 5) _ lesser-skilled workers and the National Science Board has expressed the same concern in a recent report.,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,

43、Asian nations,their counterparts,math and science literacy,the broader economy,a surplus of,35,PPT学习交流,A number of factors contribute to the situation. Firstly, until now, America has compensated for its lack of educated scientists by 6)_. But it may not be able to continue to rely on this as brilli

44、ant young scientists in overseas countries find they have 7)_ in their home countries. Secondly, President Bushs education-reform initiative, No Child Left Behind, may be 8) _, because NCLB currently requires that students be tested only in 9) _. Finally, there is a severe shortage of 10) _. A large

45、 number of science teachers in high schools dont even have 11)_ in science. Moreover, even those who have a science degree are often teaching outside 12) _.,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,importing brainpower,better working opportunities,exacerbating the problem,reading and math,qualified science

46、teachers,a major or minor,their area of expertise,36,PPT学习交流,Critical Thinking,Reading More,37,PPT学习交流,Discuss the following questions with your partner and then report your ideas to the class.,Reading MoreCritical Thinking,Do you want to further your study in an overseas country? Why or why not? If

47、 yes, which overseas country will you consider first? Why?,38,PPT学习交流,Reading MoreCritical Thinking,The author thinks that bright young Indian or Chinese scientists may well have better opportunities at home than in the US as globalization accelerates. Do you agree with him? Why or why not?,39,PPT学习

48、交流,1. But brace yourself for what youll find. (Para. 1) bracefor： to mentally or physically prepare for something unpleasant that is going to happen 使准备迎接（困难） e.g. 1) The city braced itself for the possibility of another earthquake. 2) Nancy braced herself for the inevitable arguments.,Reading More

49、Language Point,40,PPT学习交流,2. .“the future strength of the US science and engineering workforce is imperiled,” (Para.3) imperil (v.): to put something or someone in danger 危及 e.g. The whole project was imperiled by a lack of funds.,Reading More Language Point,41,PPT学习交流,3. “the global competition for

50、 science and engineering talent is intensifying.” (Para. 5) intensify (v.) : to increase in degree or strength, or to make something do this 加强，增强 e.g. 1) His mothers death intensified his loneliness. 2) Economic conditions intensified the pressure on industry to raise prices.,Reading More Language

51、Point,42,PPT学习交流,4. But Hanushek figures that the 4% annual increase alone would be enough to offset the entire cost of Americas public K-126 school system for the same year. (Para. 7) offset (v.): if the cost or amount of something offsets another cost or amount, the situation is balanced ie it rem

52、ains the same 补偿，抵消 e.g. 1) He was able to offset his travel expenses against tax. 2) The gains were offset by the losses so there was no profit.,Reading More Language Point,43,PPT学习交流,Reading More Language Point,5. “Ironically, President Bushs education-reform initiative, No Child Left Behind, may

53、be exacerbating the problem. (Para. 9),exacerbate (v.): to make a bad situation worse 使加剧，使恶化 e.g. I dont want to exacerbate the situation.,44,PPT学习交流,6. You dont have to be a scientist to recognize that the status quo is a recipe for big trouble. (Para. 11) be a recipe for: to be likely to cause a

54、particular result 很可能是造成的原因；是的秘诀 e.g. 1) Good friends, plenty of food and a warm atmosphere are a recipe for a successful party. 2) He said that five small boys on skis would be a recipe for disaster; it would not be a holiday.,Reading More Language Point,45,PPT学习交流,7. As things stand now, science g

55、raduates simply have too many lucrative alternatives to teaching.(Para. 13) lucrative (adj.): profitable; a job or activity that is lucrative lets you earn a lot of money 赚钱的 e.g. 1)They negotiated a lucrative contract that helped to save the company from bankruptcy. 2) Thousands of ex-army officers

56、 have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.,Reading More Language Point,46,PPT学习交流,Task 1,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P295),Reading More Vocabulary in Action,A,C,B,D,C,A,B,C,A,C,47,PPT学习交流,Task 2,1.

57、sweep A. They want to make _ changes to education policies. B. Bert_ the path in front of the house. 2. address A. The new President delivered his inaugural _ in Creole. B. Our products _ the needs of serious users.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. (P295),Reading More Vocabulary in Action,sweepin