工业自动化和控制网络介绍

1、Introduction to Automation and Control Network工业自动化和控制网络介绍,Introduction to Automation and Control （自动化与控制简介） Industrial Network Protocols （工业控制网络协议） Profinet Modbus/TCP EtherNet/IP CIP (Common Industrial Protocol) Industrial Resilience Protocols （工业网络弹性协议） MRP REP,Agenda (议程）,自动化和控制介绍Introduction to

2、 Automation and Control,开始之初,Motion in the manufacturing space was accomplished with human, wind, water (including steam), and great beasts (horses). With the advent of electricity and electric motors the use of logical circuits to control motion from fluid power actuators and motors and electric mo

3、tors began to take shape. Often distributed across the entire manufacturing plant, or refinery or mine.,To improve the efficiency of wiring and control large relay control cabinets were constructed and located in key central locations. The logic was basic Boolean using timers, relays, and counters.

4、Problems remained and new problems came to pass: Human motion and energy was still much required Troubleshooting these panels were time consuming and required intuition as well as skill. Much was analog.,中心化 Centralization,A solid state device that controls output devices based on input status and a

5、 user developed program. Receives input data from sensors Makes decisions based upon the input data and pre-programmed logic Sends control signals to actuators in real-time,PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）(Programmable Logic Controller),Input Module: Device that receives input signals from multiple sensors and combine

6、s them into messages for transmission on a network Output Module: Device that receives network messages containing multiple control signals and separates them for control of individual outputs,I/O 设备,Sensor: Device that measures some element of the physical process and converts that measurements int

7、o an electric input signal Actuator: A type of motor that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. Cell control: An area/zone containing sensors for gathering information from the manufacturing process, as well as actuators for implementing the manufacturing process,传感器和驱动器 Se

8、nsor and Actuator,HMI is a device or group of devices that: Receives data from a controller and displays it for operators Accepts commands from operators and transmits them to a controller,人机界面 Human Machine Interface (HMI),过程控制回路 Process Control Loop,HMI,工业网络协议Industrial Network Protocols,Used for

9、data communication between automation and control devices Major industrial automation protocols include: EtherNet/IP CIP Profinet Modbus TCP Network redundancy protocols include: REP (Resilient Ethernet Protocol) MRP (Media Redundancy Protocol) DLR (Device Level Ring),工业自动化协议Industrial Automation Pr

10、otocols,工业网络协议概览Industrial Network Protocol Overview,市场份额Market Shares,*Control Engineering Magazine Ethernet Study, November 2013,IMS Research, 2013,工业网络协议用途Industrial Network Protocol Usage,PROFINET,Industrial Ethernet Standard published by PI (PROFIBUS equal in time Occurring at equal time interv

11、als; having a uniform period of vibration or oscillation From Greek isokhronos, iso + khronos time,PROFINET IO 通信信道Communication Channels,EtherNet/IP,Standard Unmodified Ethernet IEEE 802.3 standard Built on TCP/IP Open Standard: ODVA,EtherNet/IP协议,CIP - Common Industrial Protocol Messages and Servi

12、ces for Industrial Automation UDP Real Time I/O Control TCP Explicit Messaging Open standard ODVA Media Independent DeviceNet, ControlNet, CompoNet,Ethernet/IP,EtherNet/IP CIP协议,EtherNet/IP CIP消息(Messaging),Explicit Messages TCP/IP Communications Protocol Unscheduled Request/Response Usually Trigger

13、ed by the PLC Examples: PLC to Drive MSG Instruction Device Diagnostics Program Upload/Download,Implicit Messages Real Time Controlof Inputs and Outputs Time Critical, Scheduled UDP Communications Protocol RPI Setting Schedules Updates (Requested Packet Interval) Unicast or Multicast TTL=1,EtherNet/

14、IP CIP消息(Messaging),EtherNet/IP CIP Extensions,CIP Safety Functional Machine Safety Guards Safety Gates Light Curtains SIL 3 Certified - IEC 61508 Standard and Safety I/O on the Same Network,Safety I/O,Safety I/O,Controller,I/O,Safety Controller,I/O,HMI,VFD,Servo Drive,PLC,Servo Drive,EtherNet/IP CI

15、P扩展 （CIP Extensions）,CIP Motion Deterministic, Real-time, Closed Loop Motion Control Full Standard Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 and TCP/IP Compliance Uses IEEE-1588 PTP (Precision Time Protocol) Synchronization Up to 100 Coordinated Servo Axes w/ 1ms Update,Safety I/O,Safety I/O,Controller,I/O,Safety Control

16、ler,I/O,HMI,VFD,Servo Drive,PLC,Servo Drive,CIP Sync IEEE 802.3 Precision Clock Synchronization Sub-millisecond Timestamps Used Cases: Pharma audit trail Power Gen SOE/Fault Analysis Multiple Controller Time Management Precision Action Coordination,Safety I/O,Safety I/O,Controller,I/O,Safety Control

17、ler,I/O,HMI,VFD,Servo Drive,PLC,Servo Drive,EtherNet/IP CIP扩展 （CIP Extensions）,Modbus TCP,Modbus 用于哪里？,Used in multiple master-slave applications to monitor and program devices; to communicate between intelligent devices and sensors and instruments To monitor and program field devices using PCs and

18、HMIs Modbus is also an ideal protocol for RTU applications where wireless communication is required. For this reason, it is used in innumerable gas and oil and substation applications Modbus is not only an industrial protocol, Building, infrastructure, transportation and energy applications also mak

19、e use of its benefits,Modbus 为何使用？,Developed with industrial applications in mind Openly published and royalty-free Easy to deploy and maintain Moves raw bits or words without placing many restrictions on vendors,Modbus TCP介绍,To move Modbus into the 21st century, an open Modbus TCP/IP specification

20、was developed in 1999 Modbus TCP is simply the Modbus RTU protocol with a TCP wrapper that runs on standard Ethernet,Since Modbus TCP shares the same physical and data link layers of the OSI stack and the same TCP/IP suite of protocols, it remains fully compatible with the already installed Ethernet

21、 infrastructure (cables, NICs, switches),Modbus TCP-术语,Client - Scanner Server Adapter The Client devices send read and write messages to the Server devices. Clients can connect to multiple Server devices and request data from all of them. Server devices usually support a connection with a single Cl

22、ient but may offer multiple Client connections. When multiple Client connections are supported, only one connection is allowed to write data points in the Server.,Modbus TCP 为何使用？,Simplicity: Modbus TCP/IP simply takes the Modbus instruction set and wraps TCP/IP around it. If you already have a Modb

23、us driver and you understand Ethernet and TCP/IP sockets, you can have a driver up and running and talking to a PC in a few hours. Development costs are exceptionally low. Minimum hardware is required, and development is easy under any operating system Open: The Modbus protocol was transferred from

24、Schneider Electric to the Modbus Organization in April 2004, signaling a commitment to openness. The specification is available free of charge for download, and there are no subsequent licensing fee,Modbus TCP - Why,Standard Ethernet: There are no exotic chipsets required and you can use standard PC

25、 Ethernet cards to talk to your newly implemented device Availability of many devices: Interoperability among different vendors devices and compatibility with a large installed base of Modbus-compatible devices makes Modbus an excellent choice,工业网络弹性协议,工业弹性协议比较Industrial Resiliency Protocol Comparis

26、on,MRP,媒体冗余协议MRP(Media Redundancy Protocol),L2 ring redundancy protocol Recommended for NRT (TCP/IP) and RT traffic Standardised as IEC 62439-2:2010 (new version due soon!) Support is mandatory for CC-B Limited to single ring topology MRP switches enable multiple rings to be joined Defines 4 specifi

27、c recovery time limits: 10ms for max of 15 switches (FastMRP) 30ms for max of 50 switches (FastMRP) 200ms for max of 50 switches 500ms for max of 50 switches,何谓MRP环？,Media Redundancy Protocol MRP Enables a redundant PROFINET Network through ring topology Eliminate switches in the ring Easy maintenan

28、ce Origins from Hirschmann/Siemens HiPER-Ring Defined in IEC/EN 62439-2 since 2008 Based on IEEE 802.3 & 802.1D, operated in MAC layer,MRP的元素构成,MRP Profile: supports the 200ms (recovery timer) MRM: Manager node, sends control frames to check ring state MRC: Client node, reacts or receives configurat

29、ion from Manager Node MRP port states: disabled, blocked, forwarding Disabled: drop all frames received Blocked: drop all frames except the control frames Forwarding: forward all the received frames MRP sends 3 types of control frames: Test frame to monitor ring status TopoChange frame to detect fai

30、lure/recovery port LinkChange frames, notification sent from MRC to MRM,MRP拓扑结构：1个管理、多个终端MRP Topology: One Manager and Many Clients,MRP如何工作？,A loop free ring formed by a Manager(MRM), many MRP Client (MRC) nodes. One of the MRM port in forwarding state, another in blocked state but allows test frame

31、s and LLDP only MRM sends test frames (every 20 ms) from both ring ports and receive from other end of ring port, traffic is blocked on standby/blocked ring port. If MRM fails to receive its test frame, it open the blocked ring port to normal traffic, the fault neighbor moves to disabled. If multipl

32、e MRMs in the same ring, MRM become MRA (media redundancy auto manager),媒体冗余协议- MRPMedia Redundancy Protocol,MRM Medium Redundancy Manager Controls the ring, sends test frames Provides logical break in the ring Closes ring if failure detected One per ring,MRC Medium Redundancy Client Forward test an

33、d supervision frames Closes the ring Many per ring,MRC,MRC,Normal Operation,With Link Failure,MRP 如何工作？Watchdog packets check if all links are up,Redundancy Manager,Blocked port,MRP 如何工作？,Redundancy Manager,As soon as the MRM receives no watchdog packets, the redundant path will be activated immedia

34、tely,MRP-如何工作？,MRP Manager,Blocked port,The Redundant path is enabled by the MRP ring manager, communication is routed over the alternate path. The failure is limited to the damaged segment or node,MRP 如何工作？,Redundancy Manager,When the failed link gets fixed, the MRM resume its closed ring state, block port resumes to original block port,Block port,弹性以太网协议-REP (Resilience Ethernet Protocol),弹性以太网环（Resilient Ethernet Ring）Segments apply to various topologies,Segment 2,Segme