Chapter 11 英美文化概况 美国 peopleppt课件

1、The People,Chapter 11,IV. Religion,. The American Society,. Languages,. Population and Settlement,I. The “Melting Pot”,Settlers are from Europe, Latin America, Asia, Africa, Australia, Canada, etc. Dissipating their different ethnic cultures toward some standard by living and working together in the

2、 “melting pot”.,I. The Melting Pot,Video: Melting Pot,American Indians 300-plus tribes and a total of 8 million in 18th century Driven to barren desert regions, “Indian Reservations” Now 2.5 million, less than 0.9% of the population of US.,WASP White Anglo-Saxon Protestants from England, northern an

3、d western Europe Irish peasants, German political refugees, Italian tenant farmers, and Eastern European Jews were attracted by economic opportunities, religious and political freedom. Peak of immigration: between 1880-1914,WASPs: the dominant ethnic group,Black people Descended from Negro slaves fr

4、om Africa Slave labor : 18th, the mode of production in the southern colonies Abraham Lincoln: Emancipation Proclamation , 1863, the civil war 34.658 million, 12.3% The second largest ethnic-racial minority Scatter around the 12 industrial centers Next to Hispanics,II. Population and Settlement,Sett

5、lement Hispanics: more than 35.305 8 million, 12.8% Surpassed the number of the Black Americans Mexico had owned the West and Southwest until 1840s-1850s. Mexican-American Cuban refuges (slums of the New York City) ,2. Asian Americans Chinese: (overseas Chinese, 3.5%) Coolies were tricked and shippe

6、d to US in the 19th century to build railways Filipinos South Koreans Vietnamese Laotians Cambodian,Population Population: 306,805,000 (Mid-2009) Density: 32 (population/sq. km.) The United States makes a complete census, or count, of its people every 10 years.,Almost the whole eastern half of the c

7、ountry is thickly inhabited. Good climate and fertile soil in the Pacific Coast and the discovery of gold in California attracted pioneers moving westward. The largest state: California The 2nd largest state: New York,III. Languages,Many languages: No official language National language: English His

8、panics: Spanish Black : Black English American Indians: not many preserved,IV. Religion,Multinational country, have the right to choose and worship 333 000 local church groups, 253 religious sects 90% members of a church,IV. Religion,Protestants: 52% Lutherans, Anglicans, Calvinists, distinguished f

9、rom Roman Catholics Roman Catholics: 24% Mormon 2%, Jewish 1% Eastern Orthodox Church Buddhists Sikhs Hindus Moslems,Separation of Church and State,The US government gives no direct subsidies to any faith, but exempt them from paying taxes on income and property.,V. The American Society,Class is an

10、objective reality in the American society. There is a strikingly wide gap between the wealthy and the poor.,Super-rich: Like the monopolies such as the Rockefeller & the Morgan, the top 20% control 77% of private wealth, and form the apex of the class pyramid. The poor constitute 29% of the populati

11、on and lack adequate nutrition, medical care, education, job training, etc. The Middle class is sandwiched between the rich and the poor. Many have their homes, cars, medical insurance and enough money to prepare their children for middle class jobs.,Exercises,I. Choose the best answer 1. The domina

12、nt ethnic group in the United States today is_. a. the black people b. WASPs c. Asian Americans d. Hispanics 2. The _constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the United States. a. American Indians b. Hispanics c. Blacks d. Asian Americans 3. Race is different from ethnicity because its

13、 basis is _. a. country of origin b. religion c. language spoken d. skin color,4. The _ are at the bottom of the society in the United States. a. Blacks b. Hispanics c. non WASPs d. Asians 5. The state of _ is the largest in population today. a. New York b. Colorado c. Arizona d. California 6. Peopl

14、e in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except _. a. religious freedom b. fertile soil in the West c. good climate in the west d. discovery of gold in the West,7. Hispanics in the US speak _. a. English b. Spanish c. French d. their native languages 8. Today about _% of Americans are churc

15、h members in the United States. a. 50 b. 60 c. 70 d. 90 9. _outnumber other religious groups in the United States. a. Methodists b. Congregationalists c. Quakers d. Protestants 10. The solvency of the middle class in the US depends on _. a. personal income b. credit borrowing c. cash outlay d. the c

16、ombination of personal income and credit borrowing,II. Explain the following in English,1. Melting pot,The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”, because t is a country of many ethnic groups from different parts of the world who have been dissipating their different ethnic cultures by

17、 living and working together and gradually forming a new nation.,Senate Supreme Court CIA NASA,2. WASPs,The first colonial people were White Anglo-Saxon protestants(WASPs) from England, Northern and Western Europe attracted by reports of great economic opportunities and religious and political freed

18、om.,3. Ethnicity,In contemporary American speech the word ethnicity denotes a social group differentiated from others by country of origin, language or religion.,4. Population center of gravity,Since 1790, the “population center of gravity” has been moving westward. Good climate and fertile soil in the Pacific Coast region and the discovery of gold in California in 1848 and later in the Rocky